Fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting fertilizer depth in tobacco fields

Abstract

This application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields. A traveling device is provided in the middle of the frame, a fertilization lifting device and a ridging device are provided at the rear of the frame, a depth detector is provided at the rear of the traveling device, a rotational speed sensor for detecting the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator is provided on the traveling device, the input end of the main control unit of the fertilization control device is connected to the depth detector and the rotational speed sensor to receive the detected tobacco field depth signal and traveling speed signal, the output end of the main control unit is connected to the fertilization lifting device and the ridging device, and the main control unit controls the fertilization depth and fertilization amount of the fertilization lifting device according to the received tobacco field depth signal and traveling speed signal, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device. This application has a high degree of automation. The combined use of the fertilization lifting device and the fertilization control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application amount and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, and fully improve the fertilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly to a fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields.

Background Art

[0002] Tobacco is one of the important cash crops in China. How to improve the yield and quality of tobacco is an important issue directly affecting the income of tobacco farmers and the development of the tobacco industry. Rational fertilization is an important guarantee for high-quality and appropriate production of flue-cured tobacco. Only within a certain limit of fertilization amount can the high quality of tobacco leaves and the maximization of economic benefits be achieved. For the same flue-cured tobacco variety, the appropriate nitrogen application rate is not the same under different tobacco-growing areas and different soil physical and chemical properties conditions. Moreover, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the tobacco-growing area will also change due to different long-term nitrogen application rates and nitrogen forms. It can be seen that it is necessary to determine the nitrogen fertilizer application rate according to the physical and chemical properties of the soil in a certain tobacco-growing area and at different times in order to achieve the purpose of high-quality and appropriate production of flue-cured tobacco.

[0003] However, the existing fertilization devices cannot reasonably adjust the nitrogen application rate and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges. As a result, during the fertilization process of the fertilizer applicator in the tobacco field, too much or too little fertilizer is applied, and serious fertilizer loss occurs. The fertilizer cannot effectively flow into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants cannot effectively absorb and utilize it.

Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of this application is to provide a fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields, which can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application rate and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, so that the fertilizer can effectively flow into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants can effectively absorb and utilize it, and fully improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems:

[0006] A fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field, comprising a frame. A traveling device for driving the frame to travel is provided in the middle of the frame. A fertilization lifting device and a ridging device located on one side of the fertilization lifting device are provided at the rear of the frame. It is characterized in that: a depth detector for detecting the depth signal of the tobacco field is provided on the frame at the rear of the traveling device; a rotational speed sensor for detecting the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator is provided on the traveling device; a fertilization control device is provided at the upper end of the traveling device on the frame. The fertilization control device includes a main control unit and a display control unit. The input end of the main control unit is connected to the depth detector and the rotational speed sensor to receive the detected tobacco field depth signal and traveling speed signal. The output end of the main control unit is connected to the fertilization lifting device and the ridging device. The main control unit controls the fertilization depth and fertilization amount of the fertilization lifting device according to the received tobacco field depth signal and traveling speed signal, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device. The display control unit is connected to the main control unit through a serial port for data communication.

[0007] For the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, the fertilization lifting device includes a fertilization lifting assembly, a fertilizer tank, a fertilization motor, a fertilization box and a furrow opener. The fertilization lifting assembly includes a connecting frame and a hydraulic telescopic rod provided on the connecting frame. The fertilizer tank is arranged on the frame and is rotatably connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod. The fertilization motor is arranged on the fertilizer tank and is connected to the output end of the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the rotational speed of the fertilization motor. The fertilization motor is connected to the fertilization box, and a fertilization conveying mechanism communicated with the fertilization box is provided on the fertilization box. The furrow opener is suspended at the rear of the frame and is located at the lower end of the fertilization conveying mechanism.

[0008] For the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, the fertilization motor is a DC reduction motor, and the fertilization conveying mechanism is a connecting hose extending into the tobacco field.

[0009] For the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, a fertilizer sensor is provided in the fertilizer tank, and the fertilizer sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank.

[0010] For the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, a motor stall sensor is provided on the fertilizer tank, and the motor stall sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting whether the fertilization motor is stalled.

[0011] For the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, the ridging device includes a mounting frame fixed on the frame and a cutter shaft rotatably arranged on the mounting frame. Ridging knives rotating with the cutter shaft are provided on the cutter shaft.

[0012] The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields as described above further comprises a height travel sensor disposed on the frame, and the height travel sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the ridging height of the ridging device.

[0013] The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields as described above, wherein the traveling device comprises a driving wheel, a follower wheel, a supporting wheel, a guiding wheel and a crawler belt. The driving wheel is rotatably disposed on the frame, and the driving wheel winds the crawler belt for cyclic movement. The supporting wheel rolls forward or backward on the track of the crawler belt. The follower wheel is disposed below the driving wheel, and the follower wheel winds the crawler belt and rotates with the rotation of the driving wheel. The guiding wheel is disposed on the track of the crawler belt and is located between the follower wheel and the supporting wheel.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application has a high degree of automation. The combined use of the fertilization lifting device and the fertilization control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application rate and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, so that the fertilizer can effectively flow into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so as to be effectively absorbed and utilized by tobacco plants, and the fertilization efficiency is fully improved.

[0016] 2. The fertilizer applicator of the present application has the function of intelligent warning. A fertilizer sensor is installed in the fertilizer tank, and the fertilizer sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank. Once the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is lower than the fertilizer sensor, the main control unit will automatically alarm for reminder; a motor stall sensor is also provided on the fertilizer tank, and the motor stall sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting whether the fertilization motor is stalled. When stalled, the main control panel issues a motor stall alarm signal and at the same time cuts off the power supply of the motor.

Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application.

Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The following will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field includes a frame 1. A traveling device 2 for driving the frame to move is provided in the middle of the frame 1. A fertilization lifting device 3 and a ridging device 4 located on one side of the fertilization lifting device are provided at the rear of the frame 1. A depth detector 5 for detecting the depth signal of the tobacco field is provided on the frame 1 at the rear of the traveling device. A rotational speed sensor 6 for detecting the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator is provided on the traveling device 2. A fertilization control device 7 is provided at the upper end of the traveling device 2 on the frame 1. The fertilization control device 7 includes a main control unit and a display control unit. The input end of the main control unit is connected to the depth detector 5 and the rotational speed sensor 6 to receive the detected depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal. The output end of the main control unit is connected to the fertilization lifting device 3 and the ridging device 4. The main control unit controls the fertilization depth and fertilization amount of the fertilization lifting device 3 according to the received depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device 4. The display control unit is connected to the main control unit by a serial port for data communication.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the fertilizer applicator has a high degree of automation. The combined use of the fertilization lifting device and the fertilization control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application amount and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, so that the fertilizer can effectively flow into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants can effectively absorb and utilize it, and fully improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0022] Further, the fertilization lifting device 3 includes a fertilization lifting assembly, a fertilizer tank 31, a fertilization motor 32, a fertilization box 33, and a furrow opener 34. The fertilization lifting assembly includes a connecting frame 35 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 36 provided on the connecting frame. The fertilizer tank 31 is arranged on the frame 1 and is rotatably connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod 36. The fertilization motor 32 is arranged on the fertilizer tank 31 and is connected to the output end of the main control unit, and the rotational speed of the fertilization motor is controlled by the main control unit. The fertilization box 33 is connected to the fertilization motor 32. A fertilization conveying mechanism 37 communicated with the fertilization box is provided on the fertilization box 33. The furrow opener 34 is suspended at the rear of the frame 1 and is located at the lower end of the fertilization conveying mechanism 37. In this embodiment, the fertilization motor 32 is a DC reduction motor, and the fertilization conveying mechanism 37 is a connecting hose extending into the tobacco field. The fertilizer tank is controlled by the hydraulic telescopic rod to rotate, so as to adjust the fertilization height of the fertilizer tank. The furrow opener opens a seed furrow. The fertilizer flows out of the fertilization box, is introduced into the furrow opener through the connecting hose, and then the fertilizer is guided into the seed furrow by the furrow opener, and the soil covers the seed furrow. The main control unit is controlled by a high-speed single-chip microcomputer and is sensitive in response.

[0023] Preferably, a fertilizer sensor 38 is provided in the fertilizer box 31, and the fertilizer sensor 38 is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer box. Once the amount of fertilizer remaining in the fertilizer box is lower than the fertilizer sensor, the main control unit will automatically alarm to remind. When the amount of fertilizer remaining in the fertilizer box is lower than the detection position of the fertilizer sensor, the fertilizer sensor will transmit the collected information to the main control unit for data processing, and the main control unit will issue a fertilizer shortage alarm signal.

[0024] The fertilizer box 31 is provided with a motor stall sensor 39, which is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect whether the fertilizing motor is stalled. When stalled, the main control panel sends a motor stall alarm signal and cuts off the power supply of the motor. When the DC reduction motor is stalled, the motor stall sensor collects information and transmits it to the main control unit for data processing. The main control unit sends a DC reduction motor stall alarm signal and cuts off the power supply of the DC reduction motor.

[0025] In this embodiment, the ridging device 4 includes a mounting frame 41 fixed on the frame and a knife shaft 42 rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, and the knife shaft 42 is provided with a ridging knife 43 rotating with the knife shaft. The ridging knife makes the soil soft, which is convenient for the subsequent introduction of fertilizer. The combined use of the fertilization device, the ridging device and the fertilization control device can accurately control the fertilization spacing, fertilization speed and fertilization amount, fully improve the fertilization efficiency, and liberate labor.

[0026] In this embodiment, the frame 1 is also provided with a height travel sensor 8, which is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect the ridge height of the ridge forming device. When it is detected that the lifting height of the shoveling mechanism 41 exceeds the preset height, the power supply of the fertilizing device 4 is cut off through the height travel detection device 5. In this embodiment, when the ridge forming device on the fertilizer spreader is lifted off the ground to a certain height (0.1m-0.2m) and does not work, the main control unit cuts off the power supply of the automatic control through the height travel sensor, and does not perform fertilization operation.

[0027] The walking device 2 includes a driving wheel 21, a trailing wheel 22, a supporting wheel 23, a guiding wheel 24 and a crawler 25. The driving wheel 21 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1. The driving wheel 21 winds the crawler 25 for circular motion. The supporting wheel 23 rolls forward or backward on the track of the crawler. The trailing wheel 22 is arranged below the driving wheel 21. The trailing wheel 22 winds the crawler 25 and rotates with the rotation of the driving wheel. The guiding wheel 24 is arranged on the track of the crawler and is located between the trailing wheel 22 and the supporting wheel 23. In this embodiment, the chassis adopted by the walking device is a crawler tractor commonly used in the prior art. A rotational speed sensor is arranged on the driving wheel to obtain the rotational speed of the driving wheel and transmit the obtained rotational speed data to the main control unit for data processing. The main control unit controls the rotational speed of the fertilizer application motor according to the received rotational speed data, thereby controlling the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer box. When the crawler tractor walks fast, the rotational speed sensor senses the rotation of the driving wheel, transmits the data to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the rotational speed of the DC reduction motor to be fast, and the fertilizer application amount during the operation of the fertilizer box is large. When the crawler tractor walks slowly, the rotational speed sensor senses the rotation of the driving wheel, transmits the data to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the rotational speed of the DC reduction motor to be slow, and the fertilizer application amount during the operation of the fertilizer box is small.

[0028] Before the fertilizer applicator of the present application enters the field, set the fertilizer application amount per mu of tobacco field through the display control unit, fill the fertilizer tank with the special granular compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco, and then adjust the upper and lower heights and the distance between the two furrow openers through the furrow opener mounting bolts to determine the fertilization depth and width; after the fertilizer applicator adjusts the working state in the field, turn on the automatic control switch on the display control unit. When the fertilizer applicator moves forward, the fertilizer application control system senses the rotational speed of the driving wheel through the rotational speed sensor and performs the fertilizer application operation according to the walking speed of the crawler.

[0029] In summary, the fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. The fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application has a high degree of automation. The combined use of the fertilizer application lifting device and the fertilizer application control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application amount and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridge, so that the fertilizer effectively flows into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants can effectively absorb and utilize it, and fully improve the fertilizer application efficiency.

[0031] 2. The fertilizer applicator of the present application has the function of intelligent warning. A fertilizer sensor is installed in the fertilizer tank, and the fertilizer sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank. Once the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is lower than the fertilizer sensor, the main control unit will automatically alarm to remind; a motor stall sensor is also set on the fertilizer tank, and the motor stall sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect whether the fertilizer application motor is stalled. When stalled, the main control panel issues a motor stall alarm signal and at the same time cuts off the power supply of the motor.

[0032] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present application. Other principles and basic structures that are the same or similar to the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field, comprising a frame (1). A traveling device (2) for driving the frame to travel is provided in the middle of the frame (1). A fertilization lifting device (3) and a ridging device (4) located on one side of the fertilization lifting device are provided at the rear of the frame (1). It is characterized in that: A depth detector (5) for detecting the depth signal of the tobacco field is provided at the rear of the walking device on the frame (1). A rotational speed sensor (6) for detecting the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator is provided on the walking device (2). A fertilizer application control device (7) is provided at the upper end of the walking device (2) on the frame (1). The fertilizer application control device (7) includes a main control unit and a display control unit. The input end of the main control unit is connected to the depth detector (5) and the rotational speed sensor (6) to receive the detected depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal. The output end of the main control unit is connected to the fertilizer application lifting device (3) and the ridging device (4). The main control unit controls the fertilizer application depth and the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer application lifting device (3) according to the received depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device (4). The display control unit is connected to the main control unit through a serial port for data communication.

2. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 1, wherein: The fertilizer application lifting device (3) includes a fertilizer application lifting assembly, a fertilizer tank (31), a fertilizer application motor (32), a fertilizer application box (33), and a furrow opener (34). The fertilizer application lifting assembly includes a connecting frame (35) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (36) provided on the connecting frame. The fertilizer tank (31) is arranged on the frame (1) and is rotatably connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod (36). The fertilizer application motor (32) is arranged on the fertilizer tank (31) and is connected to the output end of the main control unit, and the rotational speed of the fertilizer application motor is controlled by the main control unit. The fertilizer application box (33) is connected to the fertilizer application motor (32). A fertilizer application conveying mechanism (37) communicating with the fertilizer application box is provided on the fertilizer application box (33). The furrow opener (34) is suspended at the rear of the frame (1) and is located at the lower end of the fertilizer application conveying mechanism (37).

3. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer application motor (32) is a DC reduction motor, and the fertilizer application conveying mechanism (37) is a connecting hose extending into the tobacco field.

4. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilizer application depth in a tobacco field according to claim 2, wherein: A fertilizer sensor (38) is provided in the fertilizer tank (31), and the fertilizer sensor (38) is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank.

5. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjust the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 2, wherein: A motor stall sensor (39) is provided on the fertilizer tank (31), and the motor stall sensor (39) is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting whether the fertilizer application motor is stalled.

6. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 1, wherein: A height travel sensor (8) is further provided on the frame (1), and the height travel sensor (8) is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the ridging of the ridging device.

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