A remote timing system for observation instruments

Abstract

One or more embodiments of the present specification provide a long-distance timing system for an observation instrument, including: a timing information receiving and processing device, used to receive timing information from a timing source, perform electro-optical conversion on the timing information, and obtain optical timing information; the timing information at least includes a timing signal and a second pulse signal, and the optical timing information at least includes an optical timing signal and an optical second pulse signal; a timing information processing and forwarding device, used to receive the optical timing information, and forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument. The long-distance timing system of the present specification can provide synchronous timing for at least one observation instrument that is far away from the timing source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] One or more embodiments of the present specification relate to the technical field of observation instruments, and in particular, to a long-distance timing system of an observation instrument. Background Art

[0002] At present, some observation instruments need a timing source to provide timing signals. The timing source or the antenna of the timing source generally needs to be installed outdoors on the ground where it can receive satellite signals. However, some observation instruments are installed in special locations and are often too far away from the timing source, making it difficult to receive timing information.

[0003] In the field of earthquake observation technology, some earthquake observation instruments need to be installed in special environments. For example, earthquake observation instruments used to monitor the vibration status in mines are installed in mine tunnels, which are generally tens of kilometers away from the ground working area; earthquake observation instruments used to monitor the vibration status in tunnels are installed at different depths of tunnels, ranging from tens of meters to several kilometers away from the tunnel entrance; earthquake observation instruments used to monitor the vibration status at the bottom of the dam are installed at the bottom of the dam, about hundreds of meters away from the dam top, ... and so on. The installation locations of these earthquake observation instruments are far away from the ground, making it difficult to receive timing signals from timing sources. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an object of one or more embodiments of the present specification is to provide a timing system for an observation instrument, which can provide a timing signal for an observation instrument installed far away from the ground.

[0005] Based on the above purpose, one or more embodiments of this specification provide a remote timing system for an observation instrument, including:

[0006] A timing information receiving and processing device, used for receiving timing information from a timing source, performing electro-optical conversion on the timing information, and obtaining optical timing information; the timing information at least includes a timing signal and a second pulse signal, and the optical timing information at least includes an optical timing signal and an optical second pulse signal;

[0007] The timing information processing and forwarding device is used to receive the optical timing information and forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument.

[0008] Optionally, the timing information receiving and processing device includes:

[0009] A serial interface unit, used for receiving the timing signal and transmitting the timing signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit;

[0010] The first photoelectric conversion unit is used to perform electrical-to-optical conversion on the timing signal to obtain the optical timing signal, and transmit the optical timing signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

[0011] Optionally, the timing information receiving and processing device further includes:

[0012] A first processing unit is used to receive the second pulse signal, modulate the second pulse signal to obtain a modulated second pulse signal, and transmit the modulated second pulse signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit;

[0013] The first photoelectric conversion unit is used to perform electrical-to-optical conversion on the modulated second pulse signal to obtain the optical second pulse signal, and transmit the optical second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

[0014] Optionally, the timing information receiving and processing device further includes:

[0015] A driving unit, configured to amplify the modulated pulse-per-second signal and transmit the amplified pulse-per-second signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit;

[0016] The first photoelectric conversion unit is used to perform electro-optical conversion on the amplified second pulse signal to obtain an amplified light second pulse signal, and transmit the amplified light second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

[0017] Optionally, the first processing unit includes:

[0018] The modulation circuit is used to modulate the second pulse signal to obtain a modulated second pulse signal, wherein the modulated second pulse signal is a second pulse square wave signal with a predetermined frequency, and the square wave corresponding to the whole second in the second pulse square wave signal has a predetermined duty cycle.

[0019] Optionally, the timing information processing and forwarding device includes:

[0020] A second photoelectric conversion unit is used to receive the optical timing information, first perform photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information, then perform electro-optical conversion on the optical timing information to obtain the converted optical timing information, and transmit the converted optical timing information to the optical signal forwarding unit;

[0021] The optical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the converted optical timing information to at least one observation instrument.

[0022] Optionally, the timing information processing and forwarding device further includes:

[0023] An optical signal shaping unit, used for shaping the converted optical timing information to obtain shaped optical timing information, and transmitting the shaped optical timing information to the optical signal forwarding unit;

[0024] The optical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the shaped optical timing information to at least one observation instrument.

[0025] Optionally, the timing information processing and forwarding unit includes:

[0026] A second photoelectric conversion unit is used to receive the optical timing information, perform photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information, and obtain the timing information;

[0027] The electrical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the timing information to at least one observation instrument.

[0028] Optionally, the timing information processing and forwarding unit further includes:

[0029] A second processing unit is used to demodulate the pulse-per-second signal to obtain a demodulated pulse-per-second signal;

[0030] The electrical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to at least one observation instrument.

[0031] Optionally, the timing information processing and forwarding unit further includes:

[0032] An electrical signal shaping unit is used to shape the timing information to obtain shaped timing information; the shaped timing information includes a shaped timing signal and a second pulse signal;

[0033] A second processing unit is used to demodulate the shaped second pulse signal to obtain a demodulated second pulse signal;

[0034] The electrical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the shaped timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to at least one observation instrument.

[0035] From the above description, it can be seen that the long-distance timing system of the observation instrument provided by one or more embodiments of this specification includes: a timing information receiving and processing device, which is used to receive the timing information of the timing source, perform electro-optical conversion on the timing information, and obtain optical timing information; the timing information at least includes a timing signal and a second pulse signal, and the optical timing information at least includes an optical timing signal and an optical second pulse signal; a timing information processing and forwarding device is used to receive the optical timing information and forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument. The long-distance timing system of this specification can provide synchronous timing for at least one observation instrument far away from the timing source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate one or more embodiments of the present specification or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only one or more embodiments of the present specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a long-distance timing system according to one or more embodiments of this specification;

[0038] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a timing information receiving and processing device according to one or more embodiments of this specification;

[0039] Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a timing information processing and forwarding device according to one or more embodiments of this specification;

[0040] Figure 4 A waveform diagram of a pulse-per-second square wave signal according to one or more embodiments of the present specification;

[0041] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a modulation circuit according to one or more embodiments of the present specification;

[0042] Figure 6 A system deployment structure block diagram of one or more embodiments of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in one or more embodiments of this specification do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word cover the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the remote timing system of the observation instrument provided by one or more embodiments of this specification includes:

[0046] The timing information receiving and processing device 10 is used to receive the timing information from the timing source 30, perform electro-optical conversion on the timing information, and obtain optical timing information; wherein the timing information at least includes a timing signal and a second pulse signal, and the optical timing information at least includes an optical timing signal and an optical second pulse signal;

[0047] The timing information processing and forwarding device 20 is used to receive the optical timing information and forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument 40.

[0048] In this embodiment, the long-distance timing system of the observation instrument includes a timing information receiving and processing device 10 and a timing information processing and forwarding device 20. The timing information receiving and processing device 10 is used to receive the timing information of the timing source 30, convert the timing information into optical timing information, transmit the optical timing information to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20, and the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 forwards the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument 40. The timing system of this embodiment can realize the long-distance transmission of the timing information of the timing source, so as to provide timing information for the observation instrument far away from the ground.

[0049] In some embodiments, the timing information receiving and processing device 10 is deployed at a position close to the timing source 30 or the antenna of the timing source 30, and the signal output end of the timing source 30 is connected to the signal input end of the timing information receiving and processing device 10, and the timing information receiving and processing device 10 can receive the timing information of the timing source 30. Among them, the timing information output by the timing source 30 includes at least information such as timing signals, second pulse signals, and position signals; correspondingly, the optical timing information after electro-optical conversion includes at least information such as optical timing signals, optical second pulse signals, and optical position signals. Optionally, the timing source 30 can be a module with timing function such as a GPS timing module and a Beidou timing module.

[0050] The timing information receiving and processing device 10 is connected to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 via an optical fiber. The timing information receiving and processing device 10 converts the received timing information into optical timing information in the form of light, and transmits the optical timing information to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 via the optical fiber.

[0051] The timing information processing and forwarding device 20 is deployed at a position close to the observation instrument 40, and the output end of the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 is connected to at least one observation instrument 40 to forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument 40, providing timing information for the observation instrument 40. Since the transmission distance of the optical fiber is long, even if the observation instrument 40 is installed at a special position far from the ground, the timing information of the timing source 30 can be obtained through the timing system.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in one or more embodiments of this specification, the timing information receiving and processing device 10 includes:

[0053] The serial interface unit 12 is used to receive the timing signal and transmit the timing signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11;

[0054] The first photoelectric conversion unit 11 is used to perform electrical-to-optical conversion on the timing signal to obtain an optical timing signal, and transmit the optical timing signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20.

[0055] In this embodiment, the timing information at least includes a timing signal and a second pulse signal. The receiving and processing of the timing signal is that the timing signal output end of the timing source 30 is connected to the signal input end of the serial interface unit 12, and the signal output end of the serial interface unit 12 is connected to the electrical signal input end of the first photoelectric conversion unit 11; the timing signal output by the timing source 30 is transmitted to the serial interface unit 12, and the serial interface unit 12 transmits the timing signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11, and the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 performs electrical-optical conversion on the received electrical timing signal to obtain an optical timing signal in optical form, and then transmits the optical timing signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 via optical fiber.

[0056] In some embodiments, the timing signal output end of the timing source 30 is an asynchronous serial port, and the serial interface unit 12 is an RS485 serial interface. The RS485 serial interface is used to convert the asynchronous serial timing signal output by the asynchronous serial port of the timing source 30 into a differential timing signal, and then the differential timing signal is transmitted to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 for electro-optical conversion to obtain an optical timing signal in optical form, which can realize long-distance and high-speed transmission of the timing signal.

[0057] In some embodiments, the timing information receiving and processing device 10 further includes:

[0058] The first processing unit 13 is used to receive the pulse-per-second signal, modulate the pulse-per-second signal to obtain a modulated pulse-per-second signal, and transmit the modulated pulse-per-second signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11;

[0059] The first photoelectric conversion unit 11 is used to perform electrical-optical conversion on the modulated second pulse signal to obtain an optical second pulse signal, and transmit the optical second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20.

[0060] In this embodiment, the receiving and processing of the second pulse signal is that the second pulse signal output end of the timing source 30 is connected to the signal input end of the first processing unit 13, and the signal output end of the first processing unit 13 is connected to the electrical signal input end of the first photoelectric conversion unit 11; the first processing unit 13 receives the second pulse signal of the timing source 30, modulates the second pulse signal to obtain a modulated second pulse signal, transmits the modulated second pulse signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11, and the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 performs electrical-optical conversion on the modulated second pulse signal to obtain an optical second pulse signal in the form of light, and then transmits the optical second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20. In this embodiment, after the second pulse signal is received and processed, the second pulse signal and the timing signal can be used to achieve synchronous timing.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first processing unit 13 includes:

[0062] The modulation circuit is used to modulate the pulse-per-second signal to obtain a modulated pulse-per-second signal; in some embodiments, the modulated pulse-per-second signal is a pulse-per-second square wave signal with a predetermined frequency, and the square wave corresponding to the whole second in the pulse-per-second square wave signal has a predetermined duty cycle.

[0063] In some embodiments, the modulation circuit is a circuit capable of generating a predetermined square wave signal, and the circuit is used to generate a second pulse square wave signal with a predetermined frequency based on the second pulse signal, and the square wave in the second pulse square wave signal corresponding to the full second moment of the second pulse signal has a predetermined duty cycle. Figure 4 As shown, a second pulse square wave signal with a frequency of 1KHz is generated by a modulation circuit. In the second pulse square wave signal, the duty cycle of the square wave corresponding to the full second moment in the second pulse signal is the first duty cycle, and the duty cycle of the square wave at the non-full second moment is the second duty cycle. The first duty cycle is different from the second duty cycle. Optionally, the first duty cycle can be set to 80% and the second duty cycle can be set to 50%. In this embodiment, by modulating the second pulse signal, performing electro-optical conversion, and sending it out through the optical fiber, the frequency band limitation of the photoelectric conversion unit and the frequency characteristics of the optical fiber transmission signal can be reduced, thereby improving the reliability of signal transmission.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, in some implementations, the modulation circuit includes a crystal oscillator, a counter, a timer and a PWM signal generator. The signal output terminal of the crystal oscillator is connected to the signal input terminal of the counter, and the second pulse signal terminal of the timing source is connected to the signal input terminal of the counter. The counter counts freely according to the output signal of the crystal oscillator. When the second pulse signal is received, the counting is interrupted to obtain the count value, and the frequency of the crystal oscillator is calculated according to the count value. If the frequency of the crystal oscillator is f, and the count difference between two consecutive second pulse signals (PPS) is N, the accurate frequency fm of the crystal oscillator can be measured as:

[0065] If the count difference N is less than or equal to half of the frequency f, then fm=f+N;

[0066] If the count difference N is greater than half the frequency f, then fm=N.

[0067] The signal output terminal of the counter is connected to the signal input terminal of the timer, and the accurate frequency fm of the crystal oscillator measured by the counter is transmitted to the timer as a timer parameter for generating a second pulse square wave signal; the timer calculates the first clock number of the square wave of the first duty cycle K1 and the second clock number of the square wave of the second duty cycle according to the timer parameter;

[0068] The number of the first clock is: (K1*fm) / f1;

[0069] The second clock number is: (K2*fm) / f1

[0070] Where f1 is the frequency of the generated second pulse square wave signal. If a 1KHz second pulse square wave signal is generated, the first duty cycle of the square wave at the full second is 80%, and the second duty cycle of the square wave at the non-full second is 50%, then:

[0071] The number of the first clock is: (0.8*fm) / 1000;

[0072] The number of the second clock is: (0.5*fm) / 1000

[0073] The output signal end of the timer is connected to the signal input end of the PWM signal generator, and the first clock number and the second clock number calculated by the timer are transmitted to the PWM signal generator, and the PWM signal generator generates a second pulse square wave signal of a predetermined frequency according to the first clock number and the second clock number. Optionally, in order to obtain a high-precision second pulse square wave signal, a high-frequency crystal oscillator can be used, such as a frequency oscillator with a frequency of 20MHz, and the resolution can reach 50ns.

[0074] In some implementations, the first processing unit 13 may be implemented based on a single-chip microcomputer, and the counter, timer, and PWM signal generator in the modulation circuit may all be implemented using corresponding functional circuits in the single-chip microcomputer.

[0075] In some embodiments, the timing information receiving and processing device 10 further includes:

[0076] The driving unit 14 is used to amplify the modulated pulse-per-second signal and transmit the amplified pulse-per-second signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11;

[0077] The first photoelectric conversion unit 11 is used to perform electro-optical conversion on the amplified second pulse signal to obtain an amplified light second pulse signal, and transmit the amplified light second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

[0078] In this embodiment, the signal output end of the first processing unit 13 is connected to the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 through the driving unit 14. The modulated pulse-per-second signal obtained after processing by the first processing unit 13 is amplified by the driving unit 14, and then converted into light by the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 and sent out through the optical fiber.

[0079] One or more of the above embodiments explain the structure and function of the timing information receiving and processing device 10 of this specification, which can receive the timing information of the timing source, transmit the optical timing information to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 after electro-optical conversion, receive the optical timing information by the timing information and forwarding device 20, and further forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument 40. The structure and function of the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 are explained below.

[0080] like Figure 3 As shown, the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 of one or more embodiments of this specification includes:

[0081] The second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is used to receive the optical timing information, perform photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information, and then perform electro-optical conversion to obtain the converted optical timing information, and transmit the converted optical timing information to the optical signal forwarding unit 23;

[0082] The optical signal forwarding unit 23 is used to forward the converted optical timing information to at least one observation instrument 40.

[0083] In this embodiment, the optical signal output end of the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 is connected to the optical signal input end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 21, the optical signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is connected to the optical signal input end of the optical signal forwarding unit 23, and the optical signal forwarding unit 23 is connected to the optical signal transmission interface of the observation instrument through an optical fiber. The optical timing information output by the first photoelectric conversion unit 11 is transmitted to the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 via the optical fiber, and the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 receives the optical timing information, first performs photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information to obtain the timing information in electrical form, and then performs electrical-optical conversion to obtain the optical timing information, and transmits the converted optical timing information to the observation instrument equipped with the optical signal transmission interface via the optical signal conversion unit 23.

[0084] In order to facilitate the flexible design and implementation of the circuit interface, the optical signal communication debugging judgment is added to the timing information and the forwarding device 20, which is convenient for the system networking debugging. Therefore, it is necessary to first perform photoelectric conversion on the received optical timing information, and then perform electro-optical conversion, and output the converted optical timing information. In the signal conversion process, the degree of signal distortion and the degree of delay can be tested, and when a fault occurs, it can be located whether the optical transmission fails or the forwarding process fails. Although it needs to be converted twice, the power consumption is low and the solution is more reasonable. If an optical receiver is used to directly receive and output the optical timing information, an additional optical receiver needs to be configured, which increases the cost and increases the power consumption.

[0085] In this embodiment, the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 further includes:

[0086] The optical signal shaping unit 22 is used to shape the converted optical timing information to obtain the shaped optical timing information, and transmit the shaped optical timing information to the optical signal forwarding unit 23;

[0087] The optical signal forwarding unit 23 is used to forward the shaped optical timing information to at least one observation instrument 40.

[0088] In this embodiment, the optical signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is connected to the signal input end of the optical signal shaping unit 22, and the signal output end of the optical signal shaping unit 22 is connected to the optical signal forwarding unit 23. The second photoelectric conversion unit 21 receives the optical timing information, performs photoelectric and electro-optical conversion on the optical timing information, obtains the converted optical timing information, inputs the converted optical timing information into the optical signal shaping unit 22 for shaping, and the shaped optical timing information is forwarded to at least one observation instrument via the optical signal forwarding unit 23. Signal shaping can reduce signal interference and improve the accuracy of the optical timing information.

[0089] In some implementations, the optical signal forwarding unit 23 is at least one optical signal transmission circuit, and the at least one optical signal transmission circuit is connected to the optical signal transmission interface of at least one observation instrument, so that the observation instrument can receive optical timing information from the timing system. After receiving the optical timing information, the observation instrument processes the optical timing information to obtain a timing signal and a second pulse signal, thereby achieving time synchronization.

[0090] In this embodiment, for an observation instrument that is far away from the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 (for example, a distance greater than 1 kilometer), the optical signal forwarding unit 23 of the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 is connected to the optical signal transmission interface of the observation instrument through an optical fiber to provide optical timing information for the observation instrument.

[0091] In this embodiment, for observation instruments that are close to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20, there is no need to perform long-distance transmission of optical signals, and the timing information can be received by connecting via a signal line. The timing information processing and forwarding unit 20 includes:

[0092] The second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is used to receive the optical timing information and perform photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information to obtain the timing information;

[0093] The electrical signal forwarding unit 26 is used to forward the timing information to at least one observation instrument.

[0094] In this embodiment, the electric signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is connected to the electric signal forwarding unit 26, and the electric signal forwarding unit 26 is connected to the electric signal transmission interface of the observation instrument through a signal line. The second photoelectric conversion unit 21 receives the optical timing information, performs photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information, obtains the timing information in electrical form, transmits the timing information to the observation instrument equipped with the electric signal transmission interface through the electric signal forwarding unit 26, and provides the timing information for the observation instrument closer to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20.

[0095] In this embodiment, if the timing information receiving and processing device 10 modulates the second pulse signal, the timing information processing and forwarding unit 20 needs to demodulate the modulated second pulse signal, and the timing information processing and forwarding unit 20 further includes:

[0096] The second processing unit 25 is used to demodulate the pulse-per-second signal to obtain a demodulated pulse-per-second signal;

[0097] The electrical signal forwarding unit 26 is used to forward the timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to at least one observation instrument.

[0098] In this embodiment, the electric signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is connected to the signal input end of the second processing unit 25, and the signal output end of the second processing unit 25 is connected to the electric signal forwarding unit 26. The second photoelectric conversion unit 21 receives the optical timing information, performs photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information to obtain the timing information, demodulates the second pulse signal in the timing information to obtain a demodulated second pulse signal, and transmits the timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to the observation instrument configured with the electric signal transmission interface through the electric signal forwarding unit 26.

[0099] In some embodiments, the second processing unit 25 includes:

[0100] The demodulation circuit is used to demodulate the pulse-per-second signal to obtain a demodulated pulse-per-second signal. It is easy to understand that the demodulation process of the pulse-per-second signal corresponds to the modulation process method, that is, the modulation circuit of the timing information receiving and processing unit 10 modulates the pulse-per-second signal, and the demodulation circuit performs corresponding demodulation on the modulated pulse-per-second signal to restore the original pulse-per-second signal. In some embodiments, the demodulation circuit demodulates the pulse-per-second signal from the pulse-per-second square wave signal of a predetermined frequency according to a predetermined duty cycle. For example, from the pulse-per-second square wave signal with a frequency of 1KHz, a square wave signal with a first duty cycle is determined, thereby determining the whole second moment and realizing the demodulation process of the pulse-per-second signal; optionally, if the first duty cycle is 80%, the position of the pulse-per-second signal can be determined by detecting the falling edge of the square wave signal with a duty cycle of 80%, and a local pulse-per-second signal is generated according to the determined pulse-per-second signal.

[0101] In this embodiment, the timing information processing and forwarding unit 20 further includes:

[0102] The electrical signal shaping unit 24 is used to shape the timing information to obtain the shaped timing information; the shaped timing information includes the shaped timing signal and the second pulse signal;

[0103] The second processing unit 25 is used to demodulate the shaped second pulse signal to obtain a demodulated second pulse signal;

[0104] The electrical signal forwarding unit 26 is used to forward the shaped timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to at least one observation instrument.

[0105] In this embodiment, the electric signal output end of the second photoelectric conversion unit 21 is connected to the signal input end of the electric signal shaping unit 24, the signal output end of the electric signal shaping unit 24 is connected to the signal input end of the second processing unit 25, and the signal output end of the second processing unit 25 is connected to the electric signal forwarding unit 26. The second photoelectric conversion unit 21 receives the optical timing information, performs photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information, obtains the timing information, transmits the timing information to the electric signal shaping unit 24 for shaping, and transmits the shaped timing information to the second processing unit 25. The second processing unit 25 demodulates the shaped second pulse signal. After demodulation, the shaped timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal are transmitted to the observation instrument equipped with the electric signal transmission interface through the electric signal forwarding unit 26. Signal shaping can reduce signal interference and improve the accuracy of timing information.

[0106] In some embodiments, the electric signal forwarding unit 26 is at least one electric signal transmission circuit, and the at least one electric signal transmission circuit is connected to the electric signal transmission interface of at least one observation instrument, so that the observation instrument can receive timing information from the timing system. After receiving the timing signal, the observation instrument processes the timing signal to obtain the timing signal and the second pulse signal, thereby achieving time synchronization.

[0107] In some embodiments, the observation instrument is an instrument that requires timing information, such as a seismic observation instrument, a surveying and mapping instrument, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0108] like Figure 6 As shown, in an application scenario, multiple seismic observation instruments installed at the bottom of the dam, multiple seismic observation instruments in a mine tunnel, or multiple seismic observation instruments in a tunnel can be respectively constructed into a distributed seismic observation system, and each seismic observation instrument in the distributed seismic observation system needs to meet synchronous timing. Using the long-distance timing system of this embodiment, the timing information receiving and processing device is deployed near the timing source, and the timing information processing and forwarding device is deployed near the seismic observation instrument. The timing information and processing device is connected to the timing information processing and forwarding device through an optical fiber. For the seismic observation instrument within the first range of the timing information processing and forwarding device, it is connected to the timing information processing and forwarding device through a signal line to obtain the timing information. For the seismic observation instrument outside the first range of the timing information and processing device, it is connected to the timing information processing and forwarding device through an optical fiber to obtain the optical timing information. In this way, synchronous timing can be achieved for at least one seismic observation instrument far away from the timing source.

[0109] Optionally, the optical fiber can be a single-mode optical fiber, and the timing information receiving and processing device 10 is connected to the timing information processing and forwarding device 20 through a single-mode optical fiber, which can realize ultra-long-distance transmission of optical timing information, can provide timing information for at least one observation instrument far away from the timing source 30, and provide synchronous timing information for each observation instrument in the distributed observation instrument system far away from the timing source 30. In some embodiments, the transmission distance of optical timing information can reach 40 kilometers.

[0110] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples. In line with the present disclosure, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present specification as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0111] In addition, to simplify the description and discussion, and in order not to obscure one or more embodiments of the present specification, known power / ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided figures. In addition, the device may be shown in the form of a block diagram so as to avoid obscuring one or more embodiments of the present specification, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which one or more embodiments of the present specification will be implemented (i.e., these details should be fully within the scope of understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that one or more embodiments of the present specification may be implemented without these specific details or with variations in these specific details. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0112] Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present disclosure, many replacements, modifications and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the embodiments discussed.

[0113] One or more embodiments of this specification are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this specification should be included in the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A remote timing system for an observation instrument, characterized in that: include: A timing information receiving and processing device, used for receiving timing information from a timing source, performing electro-optical conversion on the timing information, and obtaining optical timing information; the timing information at least includes a timing signal and a second pulse signal, and the optical timing information at least includes an optical timing signal and an optical second pulse signal; A timing information processing and forwarding device, used to receive the optical timing information and forward the optical timing information to at least one observation instrument; wherein the timing information processing and forwarding device comprises: a second photoelectric conversion unit, configured to receive the optical timing information, first perform photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information, then perform electro-optical conversion on the optical timing information, obtain the converted optical timing information, and transmit the converted optical timing information to the optical signal forwarding unit; and perform photoelectric conversion on the optical timing information to obtain the timing information, and transmit the timing information to the electrical signal forwarding unit; The optical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the converted optical timing information to at least one observation instrument outside the first range; The electrical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the timing information to at least one observation instrument within the first range.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The timing information receiving and processing device comprises: A serial interface unit, used for receiving the timing signal and transmitting the timing signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit; The first photoelectric conversion unit is used to perform electrical-to-optical conversion on the timing signal to obtain the optical timing signal, and transmit the optical timing signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The timing information receiving and processing device also includes: A first processing unit is used to receive the second pulse signal, modulate the second pulse signal to obtain a modulated second pulse signal, and transmit the modulated second pulse signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit; The first photoelectric conversion unit is used to perform electrical-to-optical conversion on the modulated second pulse signal to obtain the optical second pulse signal, and transmit the optical second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The timing information receiving and processing device also includes: A driving unit, configured to amplify the modulated pulse-per-second signal and transmit the amplified pulse-per-second signal to the first photoelectric conversion unit; The first photoelectric conversion unit is used to perform electro-optical conversion on the amplified second pulse signal to obtain an amplified light second pulse signal, and transmit the amplified light second pulse signal to the timing information processing and forwarding device.

5. The system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first processing unit comprises: The modulation circuit is used to modulate the second pulse signal to obtain a modulated second pulse signal, wherein the modulated second pulse signal is a second pulse square wave signal with a predetermined frequency, and the square wave corresponding to the whole second in the second pulse square wave signal has a predetermined duty cycle.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The timing information processing and forwarding device also includes: An optical signal shaping unit, used for shaping the converted optical timing information to obtain shaped optical timing information, and transmitting the shaped optical timing information to the optical signal forwarding unit; The optical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the shaped optical timing information to at least one observation instrument.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The timing information processing and forwarding unit also includes: A second processing unit is used to demodulate the pulse-per-second signal to obtain a demodulated pulse-per-second signal; The electrical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to at least one observation instrument.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The timing information processing and forwarding unit also includes: An electrical signal shaping unit is used to shape the timing information to obtain shaped timing information; the shaped timing information includes a shaped timing signal and a second pulse signal; A second processing unit is used to demodulate the shaped second pulse signal to obtain a demodulated second pulse signal; The electrical signal forwarding unit is used to forward the shaped timing signal and the demodulated second pulse signal to at least one observation instrument.

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