Laser wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing, which comprises a sleeve, a wire feeding pipeline and an optical path unit, wherein the optical path unit comprises a laser connector, a beam splitter module, a reflector module, an optical path steering module and a focusing mirror module; the wire feeding pipeline comprises a wire feeding tube and a wire feeding nozzle, which successively passes through the optical path steering module and the focusing mirror module from top to bottom and avoids the reflector module to reflect the optical path to the optical path steering module, wherein the center of the focus formed by the focusing mirror module is located on the center line of the wire feeding nozzle, and the focus is located below the wire outlet end of the wire feeding nozzle and is arranged close to the wire outlet end. The present invention changes the optical path so that the optical path and the wire feeding pipeline do not interfere with each other, and the laser focus is colinear with the center of the wire feeding pipeline, and the wire is prevented from being deflected in the wire delivered from the wire feeding nozzle, and the optical mirror is cooled to prevent the optical mirror from deforming and changing the optical path, thereby ensuring that the light beam and the wire are coaxial when entering the molten pool, and improving the hot melt forming accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing equipment, and in particular relates to an intra-optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] Laser additive manufacturing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology that uses powder or wire as raw materials and can directly produce fully dense metal parts with excellent mechanical properties through high-power laser melting / rapid solidification layer by layer. It has broad application prospects in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, weapons and equipment. Based on wire feeding, synchronous additive manufacturing technology, since metal wires are rigidly transported and non-divergent, the material utilization rate is almost 100%, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, the roughness of the cladding surface is low, and the problems caused by powder feeding can be avoided. In addition, the cost of wire is relatively low and easy to obtain. It also has the advantages of easy precise control and fast feeding speed. Wire feeding cladding is considered to have great development space.

[0003] At present, most wire feeding methods use the lateral "outside the light" wire feeding method, that is, the wire is fed into the molten pool generated by the laser through the outside of the laser beam. This method has problems such as scanning directionality limitation and failure to ensure accurate coupling of light and wire, which limit the widespread application of "outside the light" wire feeding cladding technology. In order to solve the problem of "outside the light" wire feeding, Shi Shihong et al. proposed a new "inside the light" coaxial wire feeding cladding method. This method uses the characteristics of easy transformation of the light beam to transform the incident solid circular laser beam in the nozzle device, so that a hollow conical lightless area is formed inside the focused laser beam projected onto the forming surface. A single wire feeding nozzle can be arranged in this lightless area and coaxial with the focused laser beam. The influence of the scanning directionality of the "outside the light" wire feeding method can be eliminated, and accurate coupling of light and wire can be achieved at the same time.

[0004] However, there are some problems in the existing laser wire feeding additive manufacturing process. First, because the wire is bent and transitions vertically into the molten pool, the wire feeding angle gradually changes during the wire feeding process, causing the wire to deflect due to stress release after it leaves the wire feeding tube. This causes instability in the molten pool and poor wire feeding forming quality. Second, due to errors in the assembly and processing process, the optical wires may not be coaxial, which may cause problems with wire melting or even interference between the laser and the wire feeding tube. Third, if the optical mirror is not effectively cooled, the optical element will not be able to dissipate heat in time after absorbing the heat of the laser, which may cause the optical mirror to deform and change the optical path. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an improved optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A light-in-line wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing, comprising a sleeve, a wire feeding pipeline and an optical path unit.

[0008] In particular, the optical path unit includes a laser connector disposed on one side of the sleeve, a beam splitter module intercepted in the optical path channel formed by the laser connector or at the exit of the optical path channel, a reflector module corresponding to the optical path formed by the beam splitter module, an optical path steering module disposed on the top of the sleeve and reflecting the light beam reflected from the reflector module downward, and a focusing mirror module located below the optical path steering module and capable of converging the light beam into a solid circular focus;

[0009] The wire feeding pipeline includes a wire feeding tube which passes through the light path steering module and the focusing mirror module from top to bottom in sequence and avoids the reflector module to reflect the light path to the light path steering module, and a wire feeding nozzle which is arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding tube and has an inner diameter matching the wire material, wherein the wire feeding tube can also avoid the light path focused downward by the focusing mirror module, the wire feeding nozzle is a straight tube, and the wire outlet end is located inside the sleeve outlet or the wire outlet end of the wire feeding nozzle is flush with the end of the sleeve bottom outlet, the center of the focus is located on the center line of the wire feeding nozzle, and the focus is located outside the sleeve bottom outlet and is arranged close to the sleeve bottom outlet.

[0010] The spectroscopic module, the reflector module, the focusing mirror module and the optical path steering module are all optical mirror modules. The optical wire feeding device also includes a cooling mechanism for cooling the optical mirror module without interfering with the optical path and wire feeding.

[0011] Preferably, the optical path channel is arranged horizontally, the laser beam is horizontally injected into the sleeve, and the wire feeding pipeline is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane and passes through the center of the optical path steering module and the focusing lens module. Therefore, the laser beam and the wire are arranged vertically.

[0012] According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, the bottom surface of the light path redirection module is an inclined surface and a reflective mirror surface, wherein the inclined surface has an angle of 45±10°, and the light path reflected from the reflector module is directly projected to the reflective mirror surface, and the reflective mirror surface reflects the light beam downward. The best angle is 45°, at which the light path redirection effect is the best, which facilitates the focusing of the focusing mirror module and does not cause interference with the wire feeding tube.

[0013] Preferably, the light splitting module extends along the length direction of the wire feeding tube and intercepts at the exit of the optical path channel, and forms two light splitting mirrors extending from the middle of the optical path channel to both sides, wherein the two light splitting mirrors completely block the optical path channel, and the separated light paths are respectively directed to the corresponding side reflector modules. Here, it is precisely because of the setting of the light splitting module that the light beam is divided into two paths, while also avoiding the vertically arranged wire feeding tube, thereby avoiding interference between the light path and the tube.

[0014] According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, the wire feeding tube includes multiple branches connected from the end, wherein the outer diameter of the branches from top to bottom is gradually reduced, and each branch is hollow. The advantages of this arrangement are: 1. It is convenient for actual processing and assembly (a single slender tube is difficult to process, and the stability cannot be guaranteed), and it can ensure the vertical feeding of the wire; 2. Due to the convergence of the light path, the branches that become smaller step by step form a good avoidance, so that the laser beam can be fully used to form the molten pool.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the branch pipe at the uppermost end is arranged to protrude from the top of the sleeve, and the top end surface of the branch pipe at the uppermost end is arranged to be closed, wherein a wire feeding hole and a protective gas interface are formed on the top end surface, the wire feeding hole is located at the center of the top end surface, and the protective gas interface is located on one side of the wire feeding hole. Due to the solid property of the wire material that does not diverge, the protective gas channel and the wire feeding tube can be arranged in the same channel, which not only reduces the size of the wire feeding tube module to avoid interference with the laser beam, but also can form an inert protective atmosphere during additive manufacturing.

[0016] Furthermore, the optical wire feeding device also includes a calibration positioning mechanism which is arranged at the top of the sleeve and can abut against the center position of the outer side of the branch pipe protruding from the top of the sleeve.

[0017] According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, the center position calibration positioning mechanism includes a centering positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve, a plurality of adjusting screws evenly distributed around the circumference of the centering positioning cylinder, and a connecting sleeve arranged on the outside of the branch pipe protruding from the top of the sleeve and corresponding to the adjusting screws one by one, wherein each adjusting screw passes through the centering positioning cylinder and extends into the end portion to be matched and connected with the connecting sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, there are four adjusting screws and four corresponding connecting sleeves. With the docking cooperation between the adjusting screws and the connecting sleeves, firstly, the positioning of the wire feeding pipeline is achieved; secondly, the four adjusting screws are relatively adjusted to achieve the adjustment so that the center line of the wire feeding pipeline coincides with the center line of the sleeve.

[0019] According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, the cooling mechanism includes a cooling jacket and / or a cooling pipeline, wherein the cooling jacket is arranged on the periphery of the optical mirror module, and a flowing cooling medium can be added inside, and heat is absorbed during the heat exchange of the cooling medium to achieve the cooling of the optical mirror module; the cooling pipeline is arranged inside the optical mirror module, and heat is absorbed during the heat exchange of the cooling medium to achieve the cooling of the optical mirror module.

[0020] In this example, the focusing mirror, beam splitter and reflector adopt the cooling jacket mode; the light path steering module adopts the cooling pipeline mode.

[0021] In addition, the sleeve includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are relatively connected through a flange and a sealing ring. The top of the optical path deflection module abuts against the top wall of the upper sleeve from the top and is fixed in the upper sleeve, and the focusing mirror module is horizontally intercepted and arranged at the flange connection port of the lower sleeve.

[0022] Due to the implementation of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0023] The present invention changes the optical path so that the optical path and the wire feeding pipeline do not interfere with each other, and the laser focus is colinear with the center of the wire feeding pipeline, and the wire is prevented from being deflected when it is sent out from the wire feeding nozzle. At the same time, the light mirror is cooled to prevent the light mirror from deforming and changing the optical path, thereby ensuring that the light beam and the wire are coaxial when entering the molten pool, thereby improving the hot melt forming accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the optical wire feeding device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main view;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of structural decomposition;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the present invention;

[0030] 1. Sleeve; 10. Upper sleeve; 11. Lower sleeve; j. Interface;

[0031] 2. Wire feeding pipeline; 20. Wire feeding tube; a. Branch pipe; s. Wire feeding hole; q. Protective gas interface; 21. Wire feeding nozzle;

[0032] 3. Optical path unit; 30. Laser connector; t. Optical path channel; 31. Beam splitter module; m. Beam splitter mirror; 32. Reflector module; 33. Optical path steering module; 34. Focusing mirror module;

[0033] 4. Center position calibration positioning mechanism; 40. Centering positioning cylinder; 41. Adjusting screw; 42. Connecting sleeve;

[0034] 5. Cooling mechanism; 50. Cooling jacket; 51. Cooling pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing includes a sleeve 1, a wire feeding pipeline 2 and an optical path unit 3.

[0042] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the sleeve 1 comprises an upper sleeve 10 and a lower sleeve 11, and the upper sleeve 10 and the lower sleeve 11 are relatively connected through a flange and a sealing ring.

[0043] The optical path unit 3 includes a laser connector 30 arranged on one side of the upper sleeve 10, a splitter module 31 intercepting at the exit of the optical path channel t formed by the laser connector, a reflector module 32 corresponding to the optical path formed by the splitter module 31, a light path steering module 33 arranged at the top of the upper sleeve 10 and reflecting the light beam reflected from the reflector module 32 downward, and a focusing mirror module 34 located below the light path steering module 33 and capable of converging the light beam into a solid circular focus.

[0044] In this example, the top of the optical path redirection module 33 abuts against the top wall of the upper sleeve 10 and is fixed in the upper sleeve 10 , and the focusing lens module 33 is horizontally intercepted and arranged at the flange connection port of the lower sleeve 11 .

[0045] The light splitting module 31 extends along the length direction of the wire feeding pipeline 2 and intercepts at the exit of the optical path channel t, and forms two light splitting mirrors m extending from the middle of the optical path channel to both sides, wherein the two light splitting mirrors m completely block the optical path channel t, and the separated light paths are respectively directed to the corresponding side reflector modules 32. Here, it is precisely because of the setting of the light splitting module that the light beam is divided into two paths, and at the same time, the vertically arranged wire feeding pipeline 2 is avoided, thereby avoiding interference between the light path and the pipeline.

[0046] The bottom surface of the light path redirection module 33 is an inclined surface and a reflecting mirror surface, wherein the inclined surface has an angle of 45°. The light path reflected from the reflecting mirror module is directly directed to the reflecting mirror surface, and the reflecting mirror surface reflects the light beam downward. At this time, the light path redirection effect is best, which facilitates the focusing of the focusing mirror module 34 and will not cause interference with the wire feeding pipeline 2.

[0047] The optical path t is arranged horizontally, the laser beam is horizontally injected into the upper sleeve 10, and the wire feeding pipeline 2 is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Therefore, the laser beam and the wire are arranged vertically.

[0048] Specifically, the wire feeding pipeline 2 includes a wire feeding tube 20 that passes through the light path deflection module 33 and the focusing mirror module 34 from top to bottom in sequence and avoids the reflector module 32 to reflect the light path toward the light path deflection module 33, and a wire feeding nozzle 21 that is arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding tube 20 and extends along the length direction of the wire feeding tube 20, wherein the wire feeding tube 20 can also avoid the light path focused downward by the focusing mirror module 34, the wire outlet end face of the wire feeding nozzle 21 is flush with the end face of the bottom outlet of the lower sleeve 11, the center of the focus is located on the center line of the wire feeding nozzle 21, and the focus is located outside the bottom outlet of the lower sleeve 11 and is arranged close to the bottom outlet of the lower sleeve 11.

[0049] Specifically, the wire feeding tube 20 includes multiple branches a connected from the end, wherein the outer diameter of the branches a from top to bottom is gradually reduced, and each branch a is hollow. The advantages of this arrangement are: 1. It is convenient for actual processing and assembly (a single slender tube is difficult to process, and the stability cannot be guaranteed), and it can ensure the vertical feeding of the wire; 2. Due to the convergence of the light path, the branches that become smaller step by step form a good avoidance, so that the laser beam can be fully used to form the molten pool.

[0050] The top of the branch pipe a at the uppermost end is arranged to protrude from the top of the upper sleeve 10, and the top end surface of the branch pipe a at the uppermost end is closed, wherein a wire feeding hole s and a shielding gas interface q are formed on the top end surface, the wire feeding hole s is located at the center of the top end surface, and the shielding gas interface q is located on one side of the wire feeding hole s. Due to the solid property of the wire material that does not diverge, the shielding gas channel and the wire feeding tube can be arranged in the same channel, which not only reduces the size of the wire feeding tube module to avoid interference with the laser beam, but also can form an inert shielding atmosphere during additive manufacturing.

[0051] In order to solve the problem that the wire material has a certain deflection, which causes the instability of the molten pool and the poor quality of wire feeding, in this example, the branch pipe a at the bottom is a tapered pipe with a diameter that gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the wire feeding nozzle 21 is a straight pipe, and the channel formed inside matches the outer diameter of the wire material, and the wire feeding nozzle 21 is connected to the bottom of the tapered pipe from the upper end, and at the same time, the center lines of the wire feeding nozzle 21 and the tapered pipe coincide. In this way, the wire material sent out from the wire feeding nozzle 21 will not deflect, thereby ensuring accurate coupling of light and wire.

[0052] In this example, the wire outlet end face of the wire feeding nozzle 21 is flush with the end face of the bottom outlet of the lower sleeve 11. Firstly, the lower sleeve 11 forms protection for the wire feeding pipeline 2 to prevent collision or center position deviation during the transfer of the internal wire feeding device; secondly, the length of the wire feeding can be accurately known, which is convenient for actual operation; finally, it is relatively beautiful, and in order to facilitate operation, the bottom of the lower sleeve 11 is also provided with a cone shape with a gradually decreasing diameter.

[0053] Combination Figure 4 As shown, in this example, the above-mentioned optical wire feeding device also includes a calibration positioning mechanism 4 which is arranged on the top of the upper sleeve 10 and can abut against the center position of the outer side of the branch pipe a protruding from the top of the upper sleeve 10.

[0054] The center position calibration positioning mechanism 4 includes a centering positioning cylinder 40 fixedly connected to the top of the upper sleeve 10, a plurality of adjusting screws 41 evenly distributed around the circumference of the centering positioning cylinder 40, and a connecting sleeve 42 arranged on the outside of the branch pipe a protruding from the top of the upper sleeve 10 and corresponding to the adjusting screws 41 one by one, wherein each adjusting screw 41 penetrates from the outside of the centering positioning cylinder 40 and extends into the end portion to be matched and connected with the connecting sleeve 42.

[0055] Specifically, the adjusting screw 41 and the middle positioning tube 40 are threadedly matched, and the connecting sleeve 42 and the adjusting screw 41 are also threadedly matched.

[0056] In this example, there are four adjusting screws 41 and four corresponding connecting sleeves 42, and they are evenly distributed around the circumference. With the docking cooperation between the adjusting screws 41 and the connecting sleeves 42, firstly, the positioning of the wire feeding pipeline is achieved; secondly, the four adjusting screws are relatively adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the center line of the wire feeding pipeline to coincide with the center line of the sleeve.

[0057] In addition, the light splitting module 31, the reflector module 32, the focusing mirror module 34 and the light path steering module 33 are all optical mirror modules, and the optical wire feeding device also includes a cooling mechanism 5 for cooling the optical mirror module without interfering with the optical path and wire feeding.

[0058] The cooling mechanism 5 includes a cooling jacket 50 and / or a cooling pipeline 51, wherein the cooling jacket 50 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the optical mirror module, and a flowing cooling medium can be added inside the cooling jacket, and heat is absorbed during the heat exchange of the cooling medium to achieve the cooling of the optical mirror module; the cooling pipeline 51 is arranged inside the optical mirror module, and heat is absorbed during the heat exchange of the cooling medium during the flow of the cooling medium to achieve the cooling of the optical mirror module. Here, the purpose of cooling is to prevent the optical mirror from deforming and changing the optical path, thereby ensuring the stability of the molten pool.

[0059] In this example, the focusing mirror, the beam splitter and the reflector adopt a cooling jacket mode; the light path redirecting module adopts a cooling pipeline mode, so an interface j connected to the cooling pipeline 51 is opened on one side of the upper sleeve 10.

[0060] As for the cooling jacket mode, it is a form of direct contact with the optical mirror to achieve heat exchange; and the cooling pipeline is to form a cooling medium flow channel inside the optical mirror, directly taking away the heat absorbed by the optical mirror through the flowing cooling medium to achieve cooling.

[0061] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the light path process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] The laser beam is horizontally injected into the upper sleeve 10, and the light path is first directed to the corresponding side reflector module 32 by the beam splitter surface m stacked on the left and right sides. The reflector module 32 then reflects the light beam to the 45° reflecting bevel of the light path redirecting module 33. The reflecting bevel then reflects the light beam downward to the focusing mirror module 34, and the focusing mirror module 34 focuses the downward light beam into a solid circular focus, and the focus is located on the center line of the wire delivered from the wire feeding nozzle 21.

[0063] Therefore, this embodiment has the following characteristics:

[0064] 1) During the wire conveying process, keep the wire fed vertically, and keep the wire entering the molten pool at a vertical angle throughout the hot melting process;

[0065] 2) The designed optical path conversion unit converts the lateral horizontal laser beam into a vertical angle laser beam to ensure that the wire is accurately coaxial when entering the molten pool, avoiding angle changes during wire feeding and improving forming accuracy;

[0066] 3) Design a center position calibration and positioning mechanism to avoid the phenomenon of optical filament misalignment during assembly;

[0067] 4) The cooling jacket and cooling pipeline are used to cool the optical element (optical mirror module) to avoid overheating, that is, to prevent the deformation of the optical element and change of the optical path.

[0068] The present invention has been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing, comprising a sleeve, a wire feeding pipeline and an optical path unit, characterized in that: The optical path unit includes a laser connector disposed on one side of the sleeve, a spectroscopic module intercepting light in the optical path channel formed by the laser connector or at the exit of the optical path channel, a reflector module corresponding to the optical path formed by the spectroscopic module, a light path steering module disposed on the top of the sleeve and reflecting the light beam reflected from the reflector module downward, and a focusing mirror module located below the light path steering module and capable of converging the light beam into a solid circular focus; The wire feeding pipeline comprises a wire feeding tube which passes through the light path steering module and the focusing mirror module from top to bottom in sequence and avoids the reflector module to reflect the light path to the light path steering module, and a wire feeding nozzle which is arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding tube and has an inner diameter matching the wire material, wherein the wire feeding tube can also avoid the light path focused downward by the focusing mirror module, the wire feeding nozzle is a straight tube, and the wire outlet end is located inside the sleeve outlet or the wire outlet end of the wire feeding nozzle is flush with the end of the sleeve bottom outlet, the center of the focus is located on the center line of the wire feeding nozzle, and the focus is located on the sleeve The wire feeding tube is arranged outside the bottom outlet and close to the bottom outlet of the sleeve, the wire feeding tube includes multiple sections of branch tubes connected from the end portions, the top of the branch tube located at the uppermost end is arranged to emerge from the top of the sleeve, and the top end surface of the branch tube at the uppermost end is closed, wherein a wire feeding hole and a protective gas interface are formed on the top end surface, the wire feeding hole is located at the center of the top end surface, and the protective gas interface is located on one side of the wire feeding hole, and the optical wire feeding device also includes a calibration positioning mechanism arranged at the top of the sleeve and capable of contacting the center position of the outer side of the branch tube emerging from the top of the sleeve; The spectroscopic module, the reflector module, the focusing mirror module and the light path steering module are all optical mirror modules. The optical wire feeding device also includes a cooling mechanism for cooling the optical mirror module without interfering with the optical path and wire feeding. The cooling mechanism includes a cooling jacket and / or a cooling pipeline. The focusing mirror, the spectroscopic mirror and the reflector adopt a cooling jacket mode, and the light path steering module adopts a cooling pipeline mode.

2. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path channel is arranged horizontally, the laser beam is horizontally injected into the sleeve, the wire feeding pipeline is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and passes through the center of the optical path steering module and the focusing mirror module.

3. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the light path redirecting module is an inclined surface and a reflecting mirror surface.

4. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclined plane has an angle of 45±10°, and the light path reflected from the reflector module is directed to the reflector surface, and the reflector surface reflects the light beam downward.

5. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light splitting module extends along the length direction of the wire feeding tube and intercepts at the exit of the light path channel, and forms two light splitting mirror surfaces extending from the middle of the light path channel to both sides.

6. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two beam splitting mirrors completely block the optical path, and the separated optical paths are directed to the reflector modules on the corresponding sides respectively.

7. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the branch pipe is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the interior of each branch pipe is hollow.

8. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The center position calibration positioning mechanism includes a centering positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve, a plurality of adjusting screws evenly distributed around the circumference of the centering positioning cylinder, and a connecting sleeve arranged on the outside of the branch pipe protruding from the top of the sleeve and corresponding to the adjusting screws one by one, wherein each of the adjusting screws passes through the centering positioning cylinder and extends into the end portion to be correspondingly matched with the connecting sleeve.

9. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery of the optical mirror module, and a flowing cooling medium can be added inside to absorb heat during the heat exchange of the cooling medium, thereby achieving cooling of the optical mirror module.

10. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipeline is arranged inside the optical mirror module, and absorbs heat during the heat exchange in the flow of the cooling medium to achieve the cooling of the optical mirror module.

11. The optical wire feeding device for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are relatively connected via a flange and a sealing ring. The top of the optical path deflection module abuts against the top wall of the upper sleeve from the top and is fixed in the upper sleeve. The focusing mirror module is horizontally intercepted at the flange connection port of the lower sleeve.

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