An efficient separation device and process for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy technology, and particularly to a device and process for efficient separation of matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace. It includes a copper matte smelting furnace, a retaining wall, a slag baffle, and a slag discharging flat plate; the bottom of the retaining wall is embedded in the lining brick of the bottom of the copper matte smelting furnace and is in close contact with the lining brick, and the outer wall of the retaining wall is in close contact with the wall of the copper matte smelting furnace. The retaining wall is provided with a copper passing hole and a slag passing hole; the retaining wall divides the copper matte smelting furnace into two chambers, and the slag discharging flat plate is horizontally fixedly connected in one of the chambers, dividing it into a slag discharging chamber and a copper matte discharging chamber. The bottom of the slag baffle is embedded in the copper matte discharging chamber. The slag discharging chamber is provided with a slag discharging opening, and the copper matte discharging chamber is provided with a copper matte discharging opening. It can not only promote the efficient separation of smelting slag and copper matte, but also prevent the copper matte from directly scouring the refractory of the copper matte smelting furnace body, facilitating the floating of inclusion particles in the copper matte, greatly improving the production efficiency and the purity of the copper matte, solving the problems of poor separation effect of slag and metal and high copper content in slag in the existing process, and reducing the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, and particularly to a high-efficiency separating device and process for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] The oxygen bottom-blown copper smelting process is one of the world's advanced copper smelting technologies. The bottom-blown process has a short flow, simple configuration, and low investment cost, and has been listed as a national key promoted technology. The smelting equipment used in the bottom-blown copper smelting method is a horizontal bottom-blown converter. The stirring intensity of the molten bath is very high, and self-heating smelting can be realized without additional fuel heating, with low energy consumption; it has strong adaptability to raw materials and does not require drying and granulation. It is suitable for processing low-grade, complex, and difficult-to-treat multi-metal ores, precious metal associated ores with high gold and silver content, and even waste ore materials.

[0003] The bottom-blown copper smelting process is still in the development stage and still has many disadvantages and deficiencies. It mainly includes: a large amount of matte is carried away by the smelting slag during the slag discharging operation, which affects the purity of the matte. This problem has become an important technical problem hindering the further popularization of the oxygen bottom-blown copper smelting process.

[0004] A main reason for the above problems is that in the current oxygen bottom-blown copper smelting process slag discharging operation, there is a lack of a separating device for the smelting slag and matte. A large amount of matte is carried away by the smelting slag, affecting the purity of the matte and greatly increasing the production cost. Therefore, it is very urgent and important to study a separating and flow control device to overcome the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency separating device and process for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace, which can make the turbulent flow of matte in the molten bath concentrate in the smelting area, while the flow in the precipitation area is stable; it can not only promote the efficient separation of the smelting slag and matte, but also prevent the matte from directly scouring the refractory of the matte smelting furnace body, facilitating the floating of inclusions in the matte, greatly improving the production efficiency and the purity of the matte, solving the problems of poor separation effect of slag and gold and high copper content in the slag in the existing process, and reducing the production cost.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-efficiency separating device for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace includes a matte smelting furnace, a retaining wall, a slag baffle, and a slag discharging flat plate; the bottom of the retaining wall is embedded in the lining brick at the bottom of the matte smelting furnace and is in close contact with the lining brick, and the outer wall of the retaining wall is in close contact with the wall of the matte smelting furnace. The retaining wall is provided with a copper passing hole and a slag passing hole; the retaining wall divides the matte smelting furnace into two chambers. The slag discharging flat plate is horizontally fixedly connected in one of the chambers, dividing it into a slag discharging chamber and a matte discharging chamber. The bottom of the slag baffle is embedded in the matte discharging chamber. The slag discharging chamber is provided with a slag discharging port, and the matte discharging chamber is provided with a matte discharging port.

[0008] The retaining wall is cast and formed with magnesia castable, with a thickness of 50 - 200 mm. The retaining wall is 30 - 50 mm higher than the reaction pool of the copper matte smelting furnace, and the retaining wall can move up and down.

[0009] The slag baffle is arranged behind the retaining wall and fits closely with the retaining wall; the slag baffle can move up and down.

[0010] The slag discharge flat plate is made of refractory material; the outer wall of the slag discharge flat plate fits closely with the wall of the copper matte smelting furnace.

[0011] The slag discharge opening is arranged outside the side wall of the copper matte smelting furnace and communicates with the slag discharge chamber. The bottom of the slag discharge opening is lower than the slag discharge flat plate, and the top is higher than the slag discharge flat plate.

[0012] The copper matte discharge opening is arranged at the bottom of the copper matte smelting furnace and communicates with the copper matte chamber.

[0013] The copper passing holes are circular or oval or square; 1 - 5 rows of copper passing holes are arranged along the direction parallel to the horizontal diameter of the copper matte smelting furnace, and the number of holes in each row is N; the opening direction of the copper passing holes is from the bottom - blown reaction zone to the bottom, with an inclination angle of 0 - 30°.

[0014] The slag passing holes are circular or oval or square; 1 - 2 rows of slag passing holes are arranged along the direction parallel to the horizontal diameter of the copper matte smelting furnace.

[0015] An efficient separation process for copper matte and slag in a bottom - blown copper smelting furnace specifically includes: during the smelting process, the generated copper matte flows into the copper matte chamber through the copper passing holes. The opening direction of the copper passing holes in the retaining wall is upward, and the upward inclination angle causes the copper matte to flow in a circulating flow, reducing the direct flow of copper matte at the furnace bottom; first, open the copper matte discharge opening to discharge copper matte. When the copper matte liquid level reaches the bottom of the slag discharge hole, stop discharging copper matte. The copper matte is transported away by a copper matte ladle. Pull out the slag baffle, open the slag discharge opening to discharge slag. After the slag is completely discharged, close the slag baffle and the slag discharge opening to stop discharging slag. The smelting slag is discharged into a slag ladle and transported away. At this time, pull out the retaining wall, open the copper matte discharge opening to start discharging copper matte. After the copper matte is completely discharged, close the copper matte discharge opening; put back the retaining wall, and the operation of discharging slag and copper matte is completed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1) Setting the retaining wall can limit the intense turbulence area upstream of the retaining wall and hinder the bottom flow streams on both sides, making the downstream more stable. Setting the retaining wall in the bottom - blown furnace can change the flow direction and flow pattern of the copper matte, extend the time for the copper matte to flow to the water outlet, effectively promote the floating and separation of inclusions, and make the composition and temperature of the copper matte uniform. It can effectively separate the smelting slag and copper matte, improve production efficiency and the purity of copper matte, and greatly reduce production costs.

[0018] 2) The opening direction of the copper hole in the retaining wall of the present invention is upward, and the upward inclination angle can cause the matte to flow to form a larger circulation flow, reducing the direct flow of matte at the bottom of the ladle. This movement mode is beneficial to the mixing of matte and the floating of inclusions.

[0019] 3) The present invention provides a retaining wall in the precipitation area and the bottom-blowing reaction area, which can prevent the matte from directly scouring the refractory of the matte smelting furnace body, thereby improving the service life of the refractory material in the furnace lining.

[0020] The present invention can concentrate the part with significant matte turbulence in the injection flow area, that is, the bottom-blowing reaction area, form a molten pool with stable flow in the downstream precipitation area, and allow inclusions to fully float. It can not only promote the efficient separation of smelting slag and matte, but also prevent the matte from directly scouring the refractory of the matte smelting furnace body, facilitate the floating of inclusion particles in the matte, greatly improve the production efficiency and the purity of the matte, solve the problems of poor slag-metal separation effect and high copper content in slag in the existing process, and reduce the production cost. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the opening angle of the retaining wall in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is the main view of the schematic structure of the retaining wall in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is the schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the opening angle of the retaining wall in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is the main view of the schematic structure of the retaining wall in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1 - slag baffle, 2 - slag discharging flat plate, 3 - slag discharging opening, 4 - matte discharging opening, 5 - slag ladle, 6 - matte ladle, 7 - retaining wall, 8 - slag passing opening, 9 - copper passing opening, 10 - matte smelting furnace Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following further describes the detailed embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings:

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] As Figures 1-3 shown, a high-efficiency separation device for matte and molten slag in a bottom-blowing copper smelting furnace includes a matte smelting furnace (10), a retaining wall (7), a slag baffle (1) and a slag discharging flat plate (2).

[0031] The copper matte smelting furnace (10) has a diameter of 4.8 m and a length of 20 m. The arrangement of the dam (7), slag baffle (1), and slag discharge flat plate (2) in the copper matte smelting furnace (10) is as Figure 1 shown. The design method of the dam (7) adopted in this embodiment is as Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown. The thickness of the dam (7) is 50 mm, the height of the dam (7) is 30 mm higher than that of the copper matte smelting furnace (10), and the periphery of the dam (7) is closely attached to the wall of the copper matte smelting furnace (10).

[0032] A dam (7) is arranged in the bottom-blown furnace to change the flow direction and flow pattern of the copper matte, extend the time for the copper matte to flow to the water outlet, effectively promote the floating and separation of inclusions, and make the composition and temperature of the copper matte uniform. It can effectively separate the smelting slag and the copper matte, improve the production efficiency and the purity of the copper matte, and greatly reduce the production cost. Arranging the dam (7) in the precipitation area and the bottom-blowing reaction area can prevent the copper matte from directly scouring the refractory of the copper matte smelting furnace body. The service life of the refractory material in the furnace lining is improved.

[0033] The design methods of the copper passing hole (9) and the slag passing hole (8) are as Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown. The opening direction of the copper passing hole (9) is upward (as Figure 2 ), the inclination angle is 30°, the shape of the copper passing hole (9) is set as a circle, and it is arranged in 1 row along the horizontal diameter direction of the copper matte smelting furnace (10). The number of openings is 1, the diameter is 1.2 m, and it is arranged in an axisymmetric manner. The opening direction of the slag passing hole (8) is upward (as Figure 2 ), the inclination angle is 20°, the shape of the slag passing hole (8) is set as a square, with a length of 4 m and a height of 0.5 m. It is located 1.6 m in the vertical direction of the dam (7) and is arranged in 1 row along the horizontal diameter direction of the copper matte smelting furnace (10). The upward inclination angle can make the copper matte flow form a large circulation, reduce the direct flow of the copper matte at the bottom of the ladle, and this movement method is beneficial to the mixing of the copper matte and the floating of inclusions.

[0034] On the right side of the slag-discharging hole (8) of the retaining wall, a slag-discharging flat plate (2) made of refractory material is connected, and the outer wall of the slag-discharging flat plate (2) is tightly embedded in the wall of the copper matte smelting furnace (10). In order to shorten the slag-discharging time and reduce the solidification of the slag, the length of the slag-discharging flat plate (2) is set to 1 m. A slag baffle (1) made of magnesia material is arranged behind the retaining wall (7), with a thickness of 50 mm; the height of the slag baffle (1) is 30 mm higher than that of the copper matte smelting furnace (10), and the periphery of the slag baffle (1) is tightly attached to the wall of the copper matte smelting furnace (10) and is also tightly attached to the retaining wall (7). Both the slag baffle (1) and the retaining wall (7) can move up and down. The slag discharge port (3) is arranged outside the side wall of the copper matte smelting furnace (10) and is communicated with the slag-discharging chamber. The bottom of the slag discharge port (3) is lower than the slag-discharging flat plate (2), and the top of the slag discharge port (3) is higher than the slag-discharging flat plate (2). The copper matte discharge port (4) is arranged at the bottom of the slag-discharging flat plate (2) and is communicated with the copper discharging chamber.

[0035] During the slag-discharging operation of this embodiment, the copper matte discharge port (4) can be opened first to discharge copper matte. When the copper matte liquid level reaches the bottom of the slag discharge port (3), stop discharging copper matte. The copper matte is transported away by the copper matte ladle (6). Then, the slag baffle (1) is pulled out, and the slag discharge port (3) is opened to discharge slag. After the slag is completely discharged, close the slag baffle (1) and the slag discharge port (3) to stop slag discharging. The smelting slag is discharged into the slag ladle (5) and transported away. At this time, the retaining wall (7) is pulled out, and the copper matte discharge port (4) is opened to start discharging copper matte. After the copper matte is completely discharged, close the copper matte discharge port (4). Replace the retaining wall (7), and the slag-discharging and copper matte-discharging operation is completed.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] As Figures 4-6 shown, a high-efficiency separation device for copper matte and molten slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace includes a copper matte smelting furnace (10), a retaining wall (7), a slag baffle (1), and a slag-discharging flat plate (2).

[0038] The diameter of the copper matte smelting furnace (10) is 4.4 m and the length is 16.5 m. The arrangement of the retaining wall (7), the slag baffle (1), and the slag-discharging flat plate (2) in the copper matte smelting furnace is as Figure 4 shown. The design method of the retaining wall (7) adopted in this embodiment is as Figure 5 shown. The thickness of the retaining wall (7) is 55 mm, the height of the retaining wall (7) is 50 mm higher than that of the copper matte smelting furnace (10), and the periphery of the retaining wall (7) is tightly attached to the wall of the copper matte smelting furnace (10).

[0039] A retaining wall (7) is arranged in the bottom-blown furnace to change the flow direction and flow pattern of matte, extend the time for matte to flow to the nozzle, effectively promote the floating separation of inclusions, and make the composition and temperature of matte uniform. It can effectively separate the smelting slag and matte, improve the production efficiency and the purity of matte, and greatly reduce the production cost. By arranging the retaining wall (7) in the precipitation area and the bottom-blown reaction area, the matte can be prevented from directly scouring the refractory of the matte smelting furnace body, thus prolonging the service life of the refractory material in the furnace lining.

[0040] The design methods of the copper passing hole (9) and the slag passing hole (8) are as Figure 5 , Figure 6 shown. The opening direction of the copper passing hole (9) is upward, with an inclination angle of 25°. The shape of the copper passing hole (9) is set as a circle, and 2 rows are arranged along the horizontal diameter direction of the matte smelting furnace (10). The number of openings in each row is 2, with a diameter of 0.5 m. The two copper passing holes are symmetrically arranged. The opening direction of the slag passing hole (8) is upward (as Figure 5 ), with an inclination angle of 25°. The shape of the slag passing hole (8) is set as a square, with a length of 3.8 m and a height of 0.45 m. It is located 1.47 m in the vertical direction of the retaining wall (7) and is arranged in 1 row along the horizontal diameter direction of the matte smelting furnace (10). The upward inclination angle can make the matte flow form a large circulation, reduce the direct flow of matte at the bottom of the ladle, and this movement mode is beneficial to the mixing of matte and the floating of inclusions.

[0041] A slag discharging flat plate (2) made of refractory material is connected to the right side of the slag passing hole of the retaining wall (8), and the outer wall of the slag discharging flat plate (2) is tightly embedded in the wall of the matte smelting furnace (10). In order to shorten the slag discharging time and reduce the solidification of slag, the length of the slag discharging flat plate (2) is set to 0.7 m. A slag retaining plate (1) made of magnesia material is arranged behind the retaining wall (7), with a thickness of 55 mm; the height of the slag retaining plate (1) is 50 mm higher than that of the matte smelting furnace (10). The periphery of the slag retaining plate (1) is closely attached to the wall of the matte smelting furnace (10) and is also closely attached to the retaining wall (7). Both the slag retaining plate (1) and the retaining wall (7) can move up and down. The slag discharging port (3) is arranged outside the side wall of the matte smelting furnace (10) and is communicated with the slag discharging chamber. The bottom of the slag discharging port (3) is lower than the slag discharging flat plate (2), and the top of the slag discharging port (3) is higher than the slag discharging flat plate (2). The matte discharging port (4) is arranged at the bottom of the slag discharging flat plate (2) and is communicated with the copper discharging chamber.

[0042] During the slag discharging operation of this embodiment, the copper matte outlet (4) can be opened first to discharge copper matte. When the copper matte liquid level reaches the bottom of the slag discharging hole (3), stop discharging copper matte. The copper matte is transported away by the copper matte ladle (6). Then, the slag baffle (1) is pulled out, and the slag discharging port (3) is opened to discharge slag. After the slag is completely discharged, the slag baffle (1) and the slag discharging port (3) are closed to stop slag discharging. The smelting slag is discharged into the slag ladle (5) and transported away. At this time, the retaining wall (7) is pulled out, and the copper matte outlet (4) is opened to start discharging copper matte. After the copper matte is completely discharged, the copper matte outlet (4) is closed. The retaining wall (7) is put back, and the slag discharging and copper matte discharging operation is completed.

[0043] The present invention can effectively ensure the stability of the liquid behind the retaining wall (7) and achieve slag-metal separation. It allows the melt to pass through the retaining wall (7) while not completely blocking the melt flow. It solves the problems that a large amount of copper matte is carried away by the smelting slag and the purity of copper matte is affected during the slag discharging operation in the prior art, and ensures the smooth progress of the slag discharging operation in the bottom-blown copper smelting production. It can make the turbulent flow of copper matte in the molten pool concentrated in the smelting area, while the flow in the precipitation area is stable. It can not only promote the efficient separation of smelting slag and copper matte, but also prevent the copper matte from directly scouring the refractory of the copper matte smelting furnace body, facilitating the floating of inclusions in the copper matte, greatly improving the production efficiency and the purity of copper matte, solving the problems of poor slag-metal separation effect and high copper content in slag in the existing process, and reducing the production cost.

[0044] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient separation device for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace, characterized in that, It includes a matte smelting furnace, a retaining wall, a slag baffle and a slag discharging flat plate; the bottom of the retaining wall is embedded in the lining bricks at the bottom of the matte smelting furnace and is in close contact with the lining bricks, and the outer wall of the retaining wall is in close contact with the wall of the matte smelting furnace. The retaining wall is provided with copper passing holes and slag passing holes; the retaining wall divides the matte smelting furnace into two chambers, and the slag discharging flat plate is horizontally fixedly connected in one of the chambers, dividing it into a slag discharging chamber and a matte discharging chamber. The slag discharging chamber is provided with a slag discharging opening, and the matte discharging chamber is provided with a matte discharging opening; The retaining wall can move up and down; The slag baffle is arranged behind the retaining wall and is in close contact with the retaining wall; the slag baffle can move up and down; The outer wall of the slag discharging flat plate is in close contact with the wall of the matte smelting furnace; The slag discharging opening is arranged outside the side wall of the matte smelting furnace and is communicated with the slag discharging chamber. The bottom of the slag discharging opening is lower than the slag discharging flat plate, and the top is higher than the slag discharging flat plate; The matte discharging opening is arranged at the bottom of the matte smelting furnace and is communicated with the matte discharging chamber.

2. The efficient separation device for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper passing holes are circular or oval or square; the copper passing holes are arranged in 1 to 5 rows along the direction parallel to the horizontal diameter of the matte smelting furnace, and the number of openings in each row is N; the opening direction of the copper passing holes is from the bottom-blowing reaction zone to the bottom, with an inclination angle of 0 to 30°.

3. The efficient separation device for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag passing holes are circular or oval or square; the slag passing holes are arranged in 1 to 2 rows along the direction parallel to the horizontal diameter of the matte smelting furnace.

4. An efficient separation process for matte and slag in a bottom-blown copper smelting furnace based on the device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes: During the smelting process, the generated matte flows into the matte discharging chamber through the copper passing holes. The opening direction of the copper passing holes on the retaining wall is upward, and the upward inclination angle causes the matte to flow in a circular flow, reducing the direct flow of matte at the bottom of the furnace; first, open the matte discharging opening to discharge matte. When the matte liquid level reaches the bottom of the slag discharging opening, stop discharging matte. The matte is transported away by a matte ladle. Pull out the slag baffle, open the slag discharging opening to discharge slag. After the slag is completely discharged, close the slag baffle and the slag discharging opening to stop discharging slag. The smelting slag is discharged into a slag ladle and transported away. At this time, pull out the retaining wall, open the matte discharging opening to start discharging matte. After the matte is completely discharged, close the matte discharging opening; put back the retaining wall, and the operation of discharging slag and matte is completed.

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