A thermal runaway heat conduction path structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thermal runaway heat conduction path structure, including a box and a battery cell, wherein the battery cell is connected to the middle position of the box by bolts, and the battery cell is not in contact with the inner side wall of the box, and a heat dissipation channel is prefabricated inside the box, and the heat dissipation channel is located outside the battery cell. The present invention greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat of thermal runaway by controlling a series of heat conduction path optimizations such as the installation direction of the battery cell, a one-way heat conduction valve, the cavity inside the box, and a Pack-level explosion-proof valve. Through the design of thermal insulation materials and one-way heat conduction valves, the heat generated by thermal runaway is artificially guided and discharged more safely and quickly, greatly reducing the possibility of heat diffusion. Through the design of three-level thermal buffers including the battery cell explosion-proof valve, the one-way heat conduction valve, and the Pack-level explosion-proof valve, the rate of thermal runaway heat of the battery cell erupting to the outside is delayed, which buys time for the occupants of the passenger compartment to escape and improves the safety of the entire vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile accessories, in particular to a thermal runaway heat conduction path structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, most module and pack designs control thermal runaway by adding insulation materials between cells or between cells and pack structures. This control method can indeed reduce the rate of heat diffusion and effectively protect other cells, structural parts and electrical components in the pack. However, in order to insulate, the insulation material itself will add flame retardants and other materials with extremely small heat transfer coefficients. At the same time, these materials themselves have a large density, which increases the weight of the entire package. While reducing the energy density, it will cause the local temperature in the battery pack to rise, which in turn affects other cells in the high-temperature area, and in severe cases will cause heat diffusion. Therefore, this patent proposes a new structural scheme, combined with the use of a small amount of insulation material, through a specific heat conduction path, to discharge the high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell, thereby avoiding or delaying the further occurrence of heat diffusion.

[0003] To this end, we propose a thermal runaway heat conduction path structure to solve the problems existing in the existing technology, improve the heat dissipation efficiency, use insulation materials reasonably, and make the heat generated by thermal runaway guided by humans, so that it can be discharged more safely and quickly, greatly reducing the possibility of heat diffusion. The rate of thermal runaway heat from the battery core erupting to the outside is delayed, which buys time for the occupants in the passenger compartment to escape and improves the safety of the entire vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a thermal runaway heat conduction path structure to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a thermal runaway heat conduction path structure, comprising a box body and a battery cell, wherein the battery cell is connected to the middle position of the box body by bolts, and the battery cell is not in contact with the inner side wall of the box body, a heat dissipation channel is prefabricated inside the box body, and the heat dissipation channel is located outside the battery cell, an explosion-proof valve is threadedly connected to the end of the box body, and the explosion-proof valve is connected to the heat dissipation channel, a one-way pressure relief valve is threadedly connected to the middle position of the inner side of the box body, and the lower end of the one-way pressure relief valve is connected to the heat dissipation channel, and the one-way pressure relief valve corresponds to the position of the pressure relief port of the battery cell;

[0006] The one-way pressure relief valve consists of a valve body, a valve plate and a baffle. The valve body is threadedly connected to the inside of the box body, the valve plate is connected to the inner wall of the air inlet of the valve body by bolts, and the valve plate is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the air inlet of the valve body, and the baffle is connected to the bend of the valve body by bolts.

[0007] Preferably, a fixing plate is welded to the side wall of the box body, and a through-hole structure is opened in the middle of the fixing plate.

[0008] Preferably, reinforcing ribs located in the heat dissipation channel are welded inside the box body, the reinforcing ribs are cylindrical structures, and the reinforcing ribs are in contact with the upper end surface of the heat dissipation channel.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the valve body is connected with a rubber pad via bolts, and the middle through hole of the rubber pad is smaller than the diameter of the valve plate.

[0010] Preferably, the baffle is installed obliquely inside the valve body, and the baffle does not contact the valve plate.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the valve body is connected to a spring via bolts, and the other end of the spring is connected to the valve plate via bolts.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of thermal runaway heat by optimizing a series of heat conduction paths such as controlling the installation direction of the battery cell, the one-way heat conduction valve, the internal cavity of the box, and the Pack-level explosion-proof valve. Through the design of thermal insulation materials and one-way heat conduction valves, the heat generated by thermal runaway is artificially guided and discharged more safely and quickly, greatly reducing the possibility of heat diffusion. Through the design of three-level thermal buffers including the battery cell explosion-proof valve, the one-way heat conduction valve, and the Pack-level explosion-proof valve, the rate of thermal runaway heat erupting to the outside of the battery cell is slowed down, which buys time for the occupants in the passenger compartment to escape and improves the safety of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box assembly of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the one-way pressure relief valve of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1 box body, 2 battery cell, 3 heat dissipation channel, 4 explosion-proof valve, 5 one-way pressure relief valve, 6 valve body, 7 valve plate, 8 baffle plate, 9 fixing plate, 10 reinforcing rib, 11 rubber pad, 12 spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figure 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a thermal runaway heat conduction path structure, comprising a box body 1 and a battery cell 2, wherein the battery cell 2 is connected to the middle position of the box body 1 by bolts, and the battery cell 2 is not in contact with the inner side wall of the box body 1, a heat dissipation channel 3 is prefabricated inside the box body 1, and the heat dissipation channel 3 is located outside the battery cell 2, an explosion-proof valve 4 is threadedly connected to the end of the box body 1, and the explosion-proof valve 4 is connected to the heat dissipation channel 3, a one-way pressure relief valve 5 is threadedly connected to the middle position of the inner side of the box body 1, and the lower end of the one-way pressure relief valve 5 is connected to the heat dissipation channel 3, and the one-way pressure relief valve 5 corresponds to the position of the pressure relief port of the battery cell 2; by controlling the cylindrical or square The hard-shell battery cell 2 is designed in the direction of the Pack, and the one-way pressure relief valve of the battery cell 2 is directed toward the heat dissipation path position reserved on the Pack box 1. When the battery cell 2 thermally runs away and erupts, the high-temperature (about 600°C) gas is likely to be ejected from the one-way pressure relief valve 5 and sprayed to the corresponding position of the box 1 at the first time. Although the gas temperature is not enough to melt the material of the box 1, it will cause the one-way heat-conducting one-way pressure relief valve 5 installed on the box 1 to open, so that the high-temperature gas flows through the cavity of the heat dissipation flow channel 3 inside the box 1 to the Pack-level explosion-proof valve. When the pressure increases to the pressure relief pressure of the Pack-level explosion-proof valve 4, the explosion-proof valve 4 opens to discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0021] The one-way pressure relief valve 5 is composed of a valve body 6, a valve plate 7 and a baffle 8. The valve body 6 is threadedly connected to the inner side of the housing 1. The valve plate 7 is bolted to the inner side wall of the air inlet of the valve body 6, and the valve plate 7 is tightly fitted with the inner side wall of the air inlet of the valve body 6. The baffle 8 is bolted to the bend of the valve body 6. The one-way heat-conducting one-way pressure relief valve 5 is a special design, and its switching principle is as follows: the valve body 6 is made of heat-insulating material, and the internal switch core is two pieces of metal. A valve plate 7 with a higher thermal deformation coefficient is installed on one side. When heat is transferred to the valve plate 7, the valve plate 7 quickly deforms to open the valve body so that the heat is transferred to the other side. A baffle 8 with a lower thermal deformation coefficient is installed on the other side. When heat is transferred to the baffle 8, high temperature will not be transferred to the other side. This design can solve the problem of heat being directly discharged to the outside of the housing 1 through the heat conduction path without affecting the battery cells 2 in other areas inside the housing 1.

[0022] Specifically, a fixing plate 9 is welded to the side wall of the box body 1 , and a through-hole structure is opened in the middle of the fixing plate 9 . The fixing plate 9 is used to cooperate with the box body 1 to be installed inside the car and maintain the stability of the position of the components of the box body 1 .

[0023] Specifically, the box body 1 is welded with reinforcing ribs 10 located in the heat dissipation channel 3. The reinforcing ribs 10 are cylindrical structures and fit the upper end surface of the heat dissipation channel 3. The reinforcing ribs 10 are used to improve the load-bearing capacity of the box body 1 and reduce the possibility of deformation of the box body 1 due to stress.

[0024] Specifically, the inner wall of the valve body 6 is connected with a rubber pad 11 by bolts. The middle through hole of the rubber pad 11 is smaller than the diameter of the valve plate 7. The rubber pad 11 is used to cooperate with the valve plate 7 to seal the valve body 6 to prevent the valve body 6 from leaking hot air in the reverse direction.

[0025] Specifically, the baffle 8 is installed obliquely on the inner side of the valve body 6 , and the baffle 8 does not contact the valve plate 7 .

[0026] Specifically, the inner wall of the valve body 6 is connected to a spring 12 via bolts, and the other end of the spring 12 is connected to the valve plate 7 via bolts. The spring 12 is used to cooperate with the valve body 6 to connect the valve plate 7 to ensure that the valve plate 7 can fit tightly inside the valve body 6.

[0027] Structural principle: By controlling the direction of the cylindrical or square hard shell battery cell 2 in the Pack design, the one-way pressure relief valve of the battery cell 2 is directed toward the heat dissipation path position reserved on the Pack box 1. When the battery cell 2 thermally runs away and erupts, the high-temperature (about 600℃) gas is likely to be ejected from the one-way pressure relief valve 5 and sprayed to the corresponding position of the box 1 at the first time. Although the gas temperature is not enough to melt the material of the box 1, it will cause the one-way heat-conducting one-way pressure relief valve 5 installed on the box 1 to open, so that the high-temperature gas flows through the cavity of the heat dissipation flow channel 3 inside the box 1 to the Pack. K-level explosion-proof valve, when the pressure increases to the pressure relief pressure of the Pack-level explosion-proof valve 4, the explosion-proof valve 4 opens to discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The one-way heat-conducting one-way pressure relief valve 5 is a special design, and its switching principle is as follows: the valve body 6 is made of heat-insulating material, and the internal switch core is two pieces of metal, one side of which is installed with a valve plate 7 with a higher thermal deformation coefficient. When the heat is transferred to the valve plate 7, the valve plate 7 quickly deforms and opens the valve body to transfer the heat to the other side. The other side is installed with a baffle 8 with a lower thermal deformation coefficient. When the heat is transferred to the baffle 8, the high temperature will not be transferred to the other side. This design can solve the problem of heat being directly discharged to the outside of the box 1 through the heat conduction path, and will not affect the battery cells 2 in other areas inside the box 1.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway heat conduction path structure, comprising a box (1) and a battery cell (2), characterized in that: The battery cell (2) is connected to the middle position of the box body (1) by bolts, and the battery cell (2) does not contact the inner side wall of the box body (1); a heat dissipation channel (3) is prefabricated inside the box body (1); the heat dissipation channel (3) is located outside the battery cell (2); an explosion-proof valve (4) is threadedly connected to the end of the box body (1); the explosion-proof valve (4) is connected to the heat dissipation channel (3); a one-way pressure relief valve (5) is threadedly connected to the middle position of the inner side of the box body (1); the lower end of the one-way pressure relief valve (5) is connected to the heat dissipation channel (3); the one-way pressure relief valve (5) corresponds to the position of the pressure relief port of the battery cell (2); The one-way pressure relief valve (5) is composed of a valve body (6), a valve plate (7) and a baffle plate (8); the baffle plate (8) is obliquely installed on the inner side of the valve body (6), and the baffle plate (8) does not contact the valve plate (7); the valve body (6) is threadedly connected to the inner side of the box body (1); the valve plate (7) is connected to the inner side wall of the air inlet of the valve body (6) by bolts, and the valve plate (7) and the inner side wall of the air inlet of the valve body (6) are tightly fitted; the baffle plate (8) is connected to the bend of the valve body (6) by bolts; The one-way heat-conducting one-way pressure relief valve (5) is specially designed. Its switching principle is that the valve body (6) is made of heat-insulating material, and the internal switch core is two pieces of metal. A valve plate (7) with a higher thermal deformation coefficient is installed on one side. When heat is transferred to the valve plate (7), the valve plate (7) quickly deforms and opens the valve body to transfer heat to the other side. A baffle (8) with a lower thermal deformation coefficient is installed on the other side. When heat is transferred to the baffle (8), high temperature will not be transferred to the other side. A fixing plate (9) is welded to the side wall of the box body (1), and a through hole structure is opened in the middle of the fixing plate (9). A reinforcing rib (10) located in the heat dissipation channel (3) is welded inside the box body (1), and the reinforcing rib (10) is a cylindrical structure, and the reinforcing rib (10) is in contact with the upper end surface of the heat dissipation channel (3). The inner wall of the valve body (6) is connected to a rubber pad (11) by bolts, and the through hole in the middle of the rubber pad (11) is smaller than the diameter of the valve plate (7).

2. A thermal runaway heat conduction path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the valve body (6) is connected to a spring (12) via bolts, and the other end of the spring (12) is connected to the valve plate (7) via bolts.

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