Support Structure of Shearer for Thin Coal Seams

Abstract

The present invention relates to a support structure for a shearer in thin coal seams, which comprises a fuselage frame and a main support slide shoe assembly, an auxiliary support slide shoe assembly and a guiding slide shoe that are connected to the fuselage frame and support the fuselage frame. The main support slide shoe assembly is supported at the middle in the front-back direction of the fuselage frame. The auxiliary support slide shoe assembly and the guiding slide shoe are respectively located in front of and behind the main support slide shoe assembly. The auxiliary support slide shoe assembly is floatingly supported at a position on the fuselage frame close to the coal wall side, and the guiding slide shoe is supported at a position on the fuselage frame close to the gob side. One set of the main support slide shoe assembly, the auxiliary support slide shoe assembly and the guiding slide shoe is arranged on each of the left and right sides. The present invention can improve the problem of severe wear of the support slide shoes and the guiding slide shoes of a high-power low-mining-height shearer in thin or extremely thin coal seams with a suspended fuselage mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a support structure for a shearer, and is particularly applicable to a low-profile high-power shearer for mining thin or extremely thin coal seams. Background Art

[0002] For the mining of thin or extremely thin coal seams, the shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams requires an increasingly lower body height. On the other hand, in order to adapt to the mining of complex geological conditions such as the coexistence of coal and rock, a larger installed power is required. As the power increases, the sizes of the motor, transmission system, etc. also increase correspondingly by a large amount, which becomes a contradiction with the requirement of an increasingly lower body height. Therefore, the structural design of the shearer for thin or extremely thin coal seams is a difficult point.

[0003] In the industry, a technical solution has been proposed and gradually used to move large and medium-sized components such as motors and transmission gears from above the original scraper conveyor to the side close to the coal wall, that is, to adopt the way of a suspended body to solve the layout problem of large and medium-sized components, so as to reduce the machine surface height. Although this way can improve the structural layout, it has led to a new prominent problem that the center of gravity of the suspended body is biased towards the coal wall side. When encountering mining conditions such as downhill mining, the support shoes and guiding shoes are worn more seriously. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a support structure for a thin coal seam shearer, which can improve the problem of serious wear of the support shoes and guiding shoes of a high-power low-mining-height thin or extremely thin coal seam shearer in the way of a suspended body.

[0005] The main technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A support structure for a thin coal seam shearer, comprising a body frame and a main support shoe assembly, an auxiliary support shoe assembly and a guiding shoe that are connected to the body frame and support the body frame. The main support shoe assembly supports at the middle in the front-back direction of the body frame. The auxiliary support shoe assembly and the guiding shoe are respectively located in front of and behind the main support shoe assembly. The auxiliary support shoe assembly is floatingly supported at a position on the body frame close to the coal wall side, and the guiding shoe is supported at a position on the body frame close to the goaf side.

[0007] There are two support surfaces, a second support surface and a first support surface, provided on the main support shoe assembly, one in front and one behind.

[0008] The main support shoe assembly includes a main shoe, a bushing and a main shoe pin shaft. A hinge seat is provided at the lower part of the body frame. The seat hole of the hinge seat extends in the front-back direction. The bushing is installed in the seat hole, and the main shoe is hinged to the hinge seat through the main shoe pin shaft.

[0009] The first supporting surface and the second supporting surface are located at the bottom of the main sliding shoe. The first supporting surface is higher than the second supporting surface, and wear-resistant layers are provided on both the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface.

[0010] The guiding sliding shoe includes a base and an ear seat located above the base. The base includes a front side wall, a rear side wall, and a top plate connected between the tops of the front and rear side walls. A barb is provided at the bottom of the front side wall or the rear side wall. At the left and right ends of the base, a guiding groove extending left and right is formed by the front side wall, the top plate, the rear side wall, and the barb respectively. The guiding sliding shoe is hinged to the lower part of the fuselage frame and realizes its swinging connection with the fuselage frame through an ear hole on its ear seat. The hinge axis extends front and rear. There are concave surfaces recessed into the interior of the base on both the left and right sides of the guiding sliding shoe. The concave surfaces are located at least at one of the positions among the left and right side surfaces of the ear seat, the left and right top surfaces of the base separated by the ear seat, and the transition joints between the left and right sides of the ear seat and the top surface of the base.

[0011] Lower wear-resistant layers, front wear-resistant layers, upper wear-resistant layers, and rear wear-resistant layers are respectively provided on the top surface of the barb, the rear surface of the front side wall, the bottom surface of the top plate, and the front surface of the rear side wall. The lower wear-resistant layers, front wear-resistant layers, upper wear-resistant layers, and rear wear-resistant layers are all structures elongated in the left-right direction.

[0012] The auxiliary supporting sliding shoe assembly includes a single-rod piston cylinder and an auxiliary sliding shoe. The single-rod piston cylinder is vertically installed in the fuselage frame and is located directly above the auxiliary sliding shoe. The downward extending outer end of the piston rod is hinged to the upper part of the auxiliary sliding shoe, and the hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction.

[0013] The single-rod piston cylinder includes a cylinder barrel, a piston, a piston rod, and a flanged support sleeve. A vertically downward opening oil cylinder mounting hole is provided on the fuselage frame. The cylinder barrel is vertically installed in the upper part of the oil cylinder mounting hole with its opening downward and is hinged to the fuselage frame through an upper oil cylinder pin. The upper oil cylinder pin extends in the front-rear direction. The cylinder barrel is in fit with the column hole of the fuselage frame. The upper part of the flanged support sleeve is inserted into and fixed in the cylinder barrel to block the opening of the cylinder barrel. The piston rod passes downward through the flanged support sleeve. Static seals and dynamic seals are respectively provided between the flanged support sleeve and the cylinder barrel and between the flanged support sleeve and the piston rod. A left-right extending through groove with a downward opening is provided at the lower part of the flanged support sleeve. The lower end of the piston rod is hinged to the upper ear seat of the auxiliary sliding shoe through a lower oil cylinder pin. The lower oil cylinder pin extends in the front-rear direction, and the hinge structure is limited within the through groove.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] According to the structural layout characteristics of the suspended fuselage method, the present invention respectively arranges fixed main supports, fixed auxiliary supports and floating supports at several different specific positions in the direction of the fuselage center of gravity offset, which can not only cooperate with each other, but also maximize the structural advantages of each structure, thereby significantly improving the overall stability of the coal mining machine.

[0016] The present invention uses the auxiliary support shoe assembly to maintain a certain hydraulic pressure in real time through hydraulic oil supply. When the bottom plate fluctuates, coal gangue and other situations that affect stability occur, the hydraulic pressure is supplemented or released by controlling the piston rod to automatically extend and retract according to the detected actual hydraulic pressure changes, so that the hydraulic pressure returns to the set value and keeps the supporting force basically constant. Since a certain auxiliary support force can be provided in real time, the force on the main support shoe assembly can be reduced, especially when the drum rotates inward, the machine body is subjected to the additional force of the downward cutting reaction force. Adding the auxiliary support structure of the present invention to the coal mining machine can greatly improve the force on the main support shoe assembly, reduce its wear, and increase its service life.

[0017] The present invention adopts a main support shoe assembly with double support surfaces, which not only increases the contact surface exponentially, but also the second support surface can move the support position toward the coal wall, greatly improving the stability of the suspended body coal mining machine.

[0018] By setting the concave surface on the guide shoe, the installation positions of the driving wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft can be closer, and accordingly the height difference between the driving wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft can be set very small, which is conducive to reducing the machine surface height, which is in line with the structural design direction of the thin coal seam coal mining machine. If the height of the coal mining machine body surface remains unchanged, the coal passing height below the body and above the scraper conveyor can be greatly increased, and large pieces of coal, gangue, etc. can be passed, avoiding problems such as the scraper chain jamming, increased resistance of the coal mining machine, and insufficient effective traction.

[0019] By providing each wear-resistant layer of the guide groove of the extended structure, the overall strength and service life of the guide shoe can be improved, thereby further improving the stability of the entire coal mining machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the arrangement position of an embodiment of the present invention (from the left side of the whole machine);

[0021] Figure 2 A partial view (main viewing direction) of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial cross-sectional view (top view) of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1An enlarged view of the main support slider assembly described in

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The front view of the main slider described in

[0025] Figure 6 is Figure 5 The longitudinal sectional view of

[0026] Figure 7 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of the auxiliary support slider assembly described in

[0027] Figure 8 is Figure 7 The A - A sectional view of

[0028] Figure 9 is Figure 8 The B - B sectional view of

[0029] Figure 10 is Figure 1 The front view of the guiding slider described in

[0030] Figure 11 is Figure 10 The top view of

[0031] Figure 12 is Figure 1 The partial enlarged view of the guiding slider described in

[0032] Figure 13 is the partial structural schematic diagram of the traveling system where the guiding slider is located;

[0033] Figure 14 This is the schematic diagram of the layout position of the present invention relative to the fuselage frame of the whole shearer.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Fuselage frame;

[0036] 2. Main support slider assembly; 21. Main slider; 211. Main slider ear seat; 214. First support surface; 215. Second support surface; 22. Bushing; 23. Main slider pin shaft;

[0037] 3. Auxiliary support slider assembly; 310. Piston rod; 311. Cylinder barrel; 312. Anti - rotation pin; 313. Flange support sleeve; 3131. Groove wall; 314. Fastening screw; 315. Piston; 32. Auxiliary slider; 321. Outer end face of the ear seat; 33. Upper cylinder pin; 34. Lower cylinder pin; 35. Hydraulic fluid connector;

[0038] 4. Guide shoe; 41. Base; 42. Ear seat; 43. Concave surface; 411. Front wear-resistant layer; 412. Rear wear-resistant layer; 413. Upper wear-resistant layer; 414. Lower wear-resistant layer.

[0039] 5. Driving wheel shaft

[0040] 6. Traveling wheel shaft Detailed implementation manner

[0041] The present invention discloses a support structure for a thin coal seam shearer, as Figure 1-14 shown, including a fuselage frame 1 and a main support shoe assembly 2, an auxiliary support shoe assembly 3 and a guide shoe 4 that are connected to the fuselage frame and support the fuselage frame. The main support shoe assembly supports the middle part of the fuselage frame in the front-rear direction and mainly bears the gravity of the shearer. The auxiliary support shoe assembly and the guide shoe are respectively located in front of and behind the main support shoe assembly. The auxiliary support shoe assembly floats and supports at a position close to the coal wall side of the fuselage frame and assists in bearing the gravity of the shearer. The guide shoe supports at a position close to the gob side of the fuselage frame, is used to balance the gravity of the shearer and the walking output force, and guides the shearer to travel along the track. The main support shoe assembly 2, the auxiliary support shoe assembly 3 and the guide shoe 4 respectively provide a fixed main support, a floating support and a fixed auxiliary support, and they cooperate with each other, significantly improving the overall stability of the shearer.

[0042] There are two support surfaces, a front one and a rear one, on the main support shoe assembly 2, namely the second support surface 215 and the first support surface 214. During use, the first support surface supports on the scraper of the scraper conveyor, and the second support surface supports on the floor. Compared with the existing support shoe that only has one support surface for supporting on the scraper, it can not only increase the contact area, reduce the specific pressure and extend the service life of the support shoe, but also, due to the setting of the second support surface, it is equivalent to being able to move the support position towards the coal wall side, so the stability of the thin coal seam shearer adopting the suspended fuselage method can be greatly improved.

[0043] In this embodiment, the main support shoe assembly 2 includes a main shoe 21, a bushing 22 and a main shoe pin 23. There is a hinge seat at the lower part of the fuselage frame. The seat hole of the hinge seat extends in the front-rear direction. The bushing is installed in the seat hole to protect the seat hole from wear. The main shoe is hinged to the hinge seat through the main shoe pin. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the main shoe ear seat 211 of the main shoe participating in the hinge with the hinge seat is a double-ear seat.

[0044] The first support surface and the second support surface are located at the bottom of the main shoe. In order to adapt to the height difference between the scraper and the floor, the first support surface is higher than the second support surface. Wear-resistant layers are provided on both the first support surface and the second support surface.

[0045] The guiding sliding shoe 4 includes a base 41 and an ear seat 42 located above the base. The base includes a front side wall, a rear side wall, and a top plate connected between the tops of the front and rear side walls. Hooks are provided at the bottom of the front side wall or the rear side wall. At the left and right ends of the base, a guiding groove extending left and right is respectively formed by the front side wall, the top plate, the rear side wall, and the hook. The guiding sliding shoe is hinged to the lower part of the fuselage frame, and its swinging connection with the fuselage frame is realized through the ear holes on its ear seat, and the hinge axis extends front and back. At least one concave surface 43 recessed towards the inside of the base is provided on the guiding sliding shoe. The concave surface is located at least at one of the following three positions: the left and right side surfaces of the ear seat, the left and right top surfaces of the base separated by the ear seat, and the transition connection between the left and right sides of the ear seat and the top surface of the base.

[0046] Setting the concave surface can leave space for the driving wheel shaft 5 to be installed closer to the traveling wheel shaft 6 in the radial direction. The advantage of the driving wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft being closer to each other is that the height difference between the driving wheel shaft and the traveling wheel shaft in the height direction can be set very small, so it is beneficial to reduce the height of the machine surface, which conforms to the structural design direction of the thin coal seam shearer. If the height of the machine surface of the shearer body remains unchanged, the coal passing height under the fuselage and above the scraper conveyor can be increased a lot, and large coal lumps, gangue, etc. can pass through, avoiding problems such as chain jamming of the scraper conveyor, increased resistance of the shearer, and insufficient effective traction force.

[0047] At least one concave surface is provided on the concave surface, on the left or right side of the ear seat, but preferably one is provided on each of the left and right sides, so that the same guiding sliding shoe can be used for both the left walking system and the right walking system of the shearer. Further, the guiding sliding shoe is generally a left-right symmetric structure and can be interchangeably installed when used on the left and right walking boxes of the shearer.

[0048] The concave surface is preferably a straight cylindrical surface, and the generatrix of the straight cylindrical surface extends front and back. The driving wheel shaft is arranged close to the concave surface during assembly. The radius of curvature of the concave surface is determined according to the diameter of the driving wheel shaft and generally should not be less than the radius of the driving wheel shaft.

[0049] The top surface of the barbs, the rear surface of the front side wall, the bottom surface of the top plate, and the front surface of the rear side wall are respectively provided with a lower wear-resistant layer 414, a front wear-resistant layer 411, an upper wear-resistant layer 413, and a rear wear-resistant layer 412. The setting of the concave surface makes one side of the top plate or the guide groove close to the drive wheel shaft in the left-right direction located outside the left or right of the drive wheel shaft, and there is enough adjustment space for the size of the top plate and the guide groove, which can be not restricted by the drive wheel shaft. For example, the length of the guide groove can be appropriately lengthened, that is, the lower wear-resistant layer, the front wear-resistant layer, the upper wear-resistant layer, and the rear wear-resistant layer are all preferably structured with an extension in the left-right direction, so that the surface participating in the guiding and contacting the track can be extended, which can improve the overall strength and service life of the guiding slide shoe, and further improve the stability of the whole coal shearer. In particular, the thickness of the top plate can be appropriately thickened upward, which can improve the overall strength of the guiding slide shoe.

[0050] The ear hole is a waist-shaped hole that is wider in the left-right direction and narrower in the up-down direction, which is beneficial to providing the space required for the horizontal swing of the guiding slide shoe relative to the walking box housing.

[0051] The auxiliary support slide shoe assembly 3 includes a single-rod piston cylinder and an auxiliary slide shoe 32. The single-rod piston cylinder is vertically and fixedly installed in the fuselage frame and is located directly above the auxiliary slide shoe. The downward extending end of the piston rod 310 is hinged to the upper part of the auxiliary slide shoe, and the hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction.

[0052] By using the auxiliary support slide shoe assembly, it is artificially controlled to always maintain at the set hydraulic pressure value. Specifically, when situations such as floor undulation and coal gangue affecting the stability occur, the actual pressure value deviates from the set pressure value for a short time, and the piston rod automatically expands and contracts to make up or release the hydraulic pressure until the hydraulic pressure returns to the set value. This auxiliary support slide shoe assembly can provide a certain auxiliary support force in real time, reducing the force on the main support slide shoe assembly. Especially when the drum rotates inward, the fuselage is subjected to an additional downward cutting reaction force. Setting the auxiliary support structure can greatly improve the force on the main support slide shoe assembly, reduce its wear, and improve its service life.

[0053] The single-rod piston cylinder includes a cylinder barrel 311, a piston 315, a piston rod 310, and a flanged support sleeve 313. A vertical oil cylinder mounting hole with a downward opening is provided on the fuselage frame. The cylinder barrel is vertically installed downward at the upper part of the oil cylinder mounting hole and is hinged to the fuselage frame through an upper oil cylinder pin 33. The upper oil cylinder pin extends in the front-rear direction. The cylinder barrel is in fit with the column hole of the fuselage frame and bears the longitudinal force. The upper part of the flanged support sleeve is inserted into and fixed in the cylinder barrel to block the opening of the cylinder barrel. Specifically, an anti-rotation pin 312 can be installed at the joint of the end faces of the flanged support sleeve and the cylinder barrel, and an axial fixation is carried out with a fastening screw 314. The piston rod passes downward through the flanged support sleeve, and static seals and dynamic seals are respectively arranged between the flanged support sleeve and the cylinder barrel and between the flanged support sleeve and the piston rod. The lower part of the flanged support sleeve is provided with a through groove extending left and right with a downward notch. The lower end of the piston rod is hinged to the upper ear seat of the auxiliary sliding shoe through a lower oil cylinder pin 34. The lower oil cylinder pin extends in the front-rear direction. The outer end face 321 of the upper ear seat of the auxiliary sliding shoe is parallel to the groove wall 3131 of the through groove, so that the hinged structure formed by the lower end of the piston rod and the upper ear seat of the auxiliary sliding shoe is circumferentially limited within the through groove to prevent the auxiliary sliding shoe from side-rotating. The force of side-rotation from the auxiliary sliding shoe received by the flanged support sleeve is transmitted to the cylinder barrel 311 through the anti-rotation pin 312, and then transmitted to the fuselage frame through the upper oil cylinder pin 33.

[0054] The hinged axis of the piston rod and the auxiliary sliding shoe extends in the front-rear direction, that is, perpendicular to the coal wall, which can enable the auxiliary sliding shoe to adapt to the ups and downs of the left and right longitudinal directions of the shearer fuselage, and can maintain a certain auxiliary support force at all times through a constant hydraulic pressure, reducing the wear of the main support sliding shoe assembly 2.

[0055] The oil circuits respectively communicating with the upper and lower chambers of the single-rod piston cylinder can be arranged in the solid structure of the cylinder barrel. This oil circuit can be connected with external oil pipes or joints, etc. through an oil fluid connector 35. The oil fluid connector 35 passes through the top solid structure of the cylinder barrel and the adjacent fuselage frame.

[0056] One set of the main support sliding shoe assembly, the auxiliary support sliding shoe assembly, and the guiding sliding shoe is arranged on the left and right sides of the shearer respectively. In this way, a cantilevered-fuselage shearer has four fixed support positions and two floating support positions, and the stability performance of the shearer can be better guaranteed.

[0057] Each of the above support structures allows a certain amount of swing relative to the fuselage frame. Therefore, while realizing the support, the support structure of the entire shearer has strong adaptability to different working face conditions that the shearer may be in.

Claims

1. A support structure for a thin coal seam shearer, characterized in that: It includes a fuselage frame and a main support slider assembly, an auxiliary support slider assembly and a guiding slider that are connected to the fuselage frame and support the fuselage frame. One set of the main support slider assembly, the auxiliary support slider assembly and the guiding slider are arranged on the left and right respectively. In each set, the main support slider assembly supports the middle part of the fuselage frame in the front-back direction. The auxiliary support slider assembly and the guiding slider are respectively located in front of and behind the main support slider assembly. The auxiliary support slider assembly is floatingly supported at a position close to the coal wall side of the fuselage frame, and the guiding slider is supported at a position close to the goaf side of the fuselage frame. There are two support surfaces, one in front and one behind, on the main support slider assembly, namely the second support surface and the first support surface. The main support slider assembly includes a main slider, a bushing and a main slider pin shaft. The first support surface and the second support surface are located at the bottom of the main slider. The first support surface is higher than the second support surface, and wear-resistant layers are provided on both the first support surface and the second support surface.

2. The support structure for a thin coal seam shearer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hinge seat is provided at the lower part of the fuselage frame. The seat hole of the hinge seat extends in the front-back direction. The bushing is installed in the seat hole, and the main slider is hinged to the hinge seat through the main slider pin shaft.

3. The support structure for a thin coal seam shearer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guiding slider includes a base and an ear seat located above the base. The base includes a front side wall, a rear side wall and a top plate connected between the tops of the front and rear side walls. A barb is provided at the bottom of the front side wall or the rear side wall. At the left and right ends of the base, a guiding groove extending left and right is formed by the front side wall, the top plate, the rear side wall and the barb respectively. The guiding slider is hinged to the lower part of the fuselage frame and realizes its swing connection with the fuselage frame through the ear hole on its ear seat. The hinge axis extends in the front-back direction. There are concave surfaces recessed towards the inside of the base on the left and right sides of the guiding slider. The concave surfaces are located at least at one of the positions of the left and right side surfaces of the ear seat, the left and right top surfaces of the base separated by the ear seat, and the transition joints between the left and right sides of the ear seat and the top surface of the base.

4. The support structure for a thin coal seam shearer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Lower wear-resistant layers, front wear-resistant layers, upper wear-resistant layers and rear wear-resistant layers are respectively provided on the top surface of the barb, the rear surface of the front side wall, the bottom surface of the top plate and the front surface of the rear side wall. The lower wear-resistant layers, front wear-resistant layers, upper wear-resistant layers and rear wear-resistant layers are all structures lengthened in the left-right direction.

5. The support structure for a thin coal seam shearer according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary support slider assembly includes a single-rod piston cylinder and an auxiliary slider. The single-rod piston cylinder is vertically installed in the fuselage frame and is located directly above the auxiliary slider. The downward extending outer end of the piston rod is hinged to the upper part of the auxiliary slider, and the hinge axis extends in the front-back direction.

6. The support structure for a thin coal seam shearer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The single-rod piston cylinder includes a cylinder barrel, a piston, a piston rod and a flanged support sleeve. A vertically downward-opening oil cylinder mounting hole is provided on the fuselage frame. The cylinder barrel is vertically installed downward with an opening facing downwards at the upper part of the oil cylinder mounting hole and is hinged to the fuselage frame through an upper oil cylinder pin. The upper oil cylinder pin extends in the front-back direction. The cylinder barrel is in fit with the column hole of the fuselage frame. The upper part of the flanged support sleeve is inserted and fixed in the cylinder barrel to block the opening of the cylinder barrel. The piston rod passes downward through the flanged support sleeve. Static seals and dynamic seals are respectively provided between the flanged support sleeve and the cylinder barrel and between the flanged support sleeve and the piston rod. A through groove extending left and right with a downward-facing notch is provided at the lower part of the flanged support sleeve. The lower end of the piston rod is hinged to the upper ear seat of the auxiliary sliding shoe through a lower oil cylinder pin. The lower oil cylinder pin extends in the front-back direction, and the hinge structure is limited within the through groove.

7. The support structure of the thin coal seam shearer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oil circuits respectively communicating with the upper and lower chambers of the single-rod piston cylinder are arranged in the solid structure of the cylinder barrel. This oil circuit is connected to an external oil pipe or joint through an oil fluid connector. The oil fluid connector penetrates the top solid structure of the cylinder barrel and the adjacent fuselage frame.

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