Sample preparation device and method for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sample preparation device and method for chemical composition analysis of aluminum wire of overhead conductors, and relates to the technical field of chemical composition analysis of aluminum wire of overhead conductors. The main structure includes a driving mechanism, a winding mechanism and a driven mechanism; the winding mechanism is detachably arranged between the driving mechanism and the driven mechanism. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of aluminum wire of overhead conductors in the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the excitation cross-sectional size of small-section aluminum wire does not meet the requirements, the excitation is insufficient, and the direct reading spectrometer cannot be used for accurate testing, avoids the problem of large errors caused by insufficient excitation of small-section aluminum wire, avoids the deviation of chemical composition index data of aluminum wire and affects the judgment of test index, and avoids the problems of large workload, low efficiency and long time consumption caused by using chemical analysis methods and high-temperature melting of aluminum wire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wires, and in particular to a sample preparation device and method for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wires. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the transmission line, overhead conductors play the role of conducting current and transmitting electric energy, such as steel core aluminum stranded wire. Conductors are the main carriers of power transmission. Conductors are the most basic and indispensable main components for current information transmission. They are generally made of non-ferrous metal wires with excellent conductive properties such as aluminum. The quality of overhead conductor aluminum wires directly affects the quality of the project and the safety of life and property of consumers.

[0003] Chemical composition is the main factor that determines the performance and quality of metal materials. The chemical composition of aluminum and other wires is clearly defined in standards such as "Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Drawn Round Wire (GB / T 3195-2016)". At the same time, chemical composition analysis is also a necessary test method when performing failure analysis on overhead wires. At present, chemical analysis and spectral analysis are commonly used to analyze the chemical composition of metal materials. The chemical analysis method determines the composition of the metal based on chemical reactions. This method has high accuracy, but the workload is large and the step operation requirements are strict. The spectral analysis method excites the sample with the help of external energy sources such as electric arcs, electric sparks, and lasers, so that the measured elements emit characteristic spectra, and the chemical composition and content of the metal are determined based on the characteristic spectra generated after the elements are excited. At present, spectral analysis is the main means of detecting metal raw materials in factories and enterprises. When using a direct-reading spectrometer for testing, for small-section aluminum wires with a diameter of less than 5 mm, the excitation cross-sectional size of the sample does not meet the requirements, the excitation is insufficient, and the error is large. As a result, the aluminum wire cannot be accurately tested using a direct-reading spectrometer, and even causes deviations in the data of the chemical composition indicators of the aluminum wire, affecting the evaluation of the test indicators.

[0004] At present, there are two methods for dealing with the above problems: one is to use chemical analysis methods to mill the aluminum wire into fragments and use chemical reagents for chemical reactions; the other is to melt the aluminum wire at high temperature into an aluminum block with a larger cross-section, and then use a direct reading spectrometer for chemical composition analysis. The above two methods are complicated and dangerous, and have a large workload, low efficiency, and long time consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a convenient and effective processing method to overcome the shortcomings of the above problems in the chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wires. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire, which is easy to operate and has significant effects.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The invention provides a sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire, comprising a driving mechanism, a winding mechanism and a driven mechanism; the winding mechanism is detachably arranged between the driving mechanism and the driven mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the winding mechanism includes a winding body, a first connecting portion is provided at one end of the winding body, and a second connecting portion is provided at the other end, the first connecting portion is used to connect to the driving mechanism, and the second connecting portion is used to connect to the driven mechanism.

[0009] Optionally, the winding body is a cone-shaped body, the first connecting portion is arranged at the top end of the cone-shaped body, and the second connecting portion is arranged at the bottom end of the cone-shaped body.

[0010] Optionally, the first connecting portion is provided with a sample fixing hole.

[0011] Optionally, both the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are prismatic structures.

[0012] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes an electric motor, a reducer, a driving bracket, a rotating shaft and a first plug; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the driving bracket, the power output end of the electric motor is drivingly connected to the reducer, the reducer and the rotating shaft are drivingly connected, and the first plug is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Optionally, the first plug includes a first plug body, and a third connecting portion is provided at one end of the first plug body, and the third connecting portion is used to connect to one end of the winding mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the driven mechanism includes a screw rod, a hand wheel, a driven bracket and a second plug; the hand wheel is arranged at one end of the screw rod, the second plug is arranged at the other end of the screw rod, and the screw rod is movably arranged on the driven bracket.

[0015] Optionally, the second plug includes a second plug body, and a fourth connecting portion is provided at one end of the second plug body, and the fourth connecting portion is used to connect to the other end of the winding mechanism.

[0016] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a sample device based on the chemical composition analysis of the overhead conductor aluminum wire, comprising the following steps:

[0017] (1) Sampling: Cut a certain length of aluminum wire sample and straighten it. Clean the surface of the aluminum wire sample with sandpaper and wipe it clean with anhydrous ethanol.

[0018] (2) Fixing the sample: Pass one end of the aluminum wire sample through the sample fixing hole of the winding body and fix it, then insert the first connection part of the winding body into the third connection part of the first plug, rotate the hand wheel, and move the moving device to the left through the spiral rod, so that the second connection part of the winding body is inserted into the fourth connection part of the second plug;

[0019] (3) Sample preparation: Start the driving mechanism to drive the winding body to rotate at a speed of 5-6 r / min. Pull the aluminum wire sample hard to perform regular winding. Determine the number of winding turns according to the required cross-sectional area.

[0020] (4) Removing the wound sample: After the winding is completed, cut off the fixed end and the remaining end of the aluminum wire sample, rotate the hand wheel in the reverse direction, remove the wound metal wire, and obtain the aluminum wire sample;

[0021] (5) Extrusion: Clean the contact surface between the wire pressing pad and the aluminum wire sample with anhydrous ethanol, place the wound aluminum wire sample with the small section on top and the large section on the bottom between the two wire pressing pads, and then extrude it through a press;

[0022] (6) Polishing: Select a dense and flat area on the surface of the extruded aluminum wire sample and polish it with sandpaper or a grinder, and then clean the polished surface with anhydrous ethanol;

[0023] (7) Test: A direct reading spectrometer was used to analyze the chemical composition of the polished area.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0025] The main structure of the sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire in the present invention includes a driving mechanism, a winding mechanism and a driven mechanism; the winding mechanism is detachably arranged between the driving mechanism and the driven mechanism. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire in the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the excitation cross-sectional size of small-section aluminum wire does not meet the requirements, the excitation is insufficient, and the direct reading spectrometer cannot be used for accurate testing, avoid the problem of large errors caused by insufficient excitation of small-section aluminum wire, avoid the deviation of the chemical composition index data of the aluminum wire and affect the judgment of the test index, and avoid the problems of large workload, low efficiency and long time consumption caused by the use of chemical analysis methods and high-temperature melting of the aluminum wire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the winding body provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic top view of the winding body provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the winding body plug provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the wire pressing pad provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support in the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum wire winding provided by the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aluminum wire after winding provided by the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Winding body; 2. Sample fixing hole; 3. Driving mechanism; 31. Motor; 32. Reducer; 33. Gear; 34. Transmission chain; 35. Bearing; 36. First plug; 37. Second plug; 38. Rotating shaft; 4. Driven mechanism; 41. Screw rod; 42. Handwheel; 5. Support; 6. Wire pressing pad; 7. Aluminum wire sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1:

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire, including a driving mechanism 3, a winding mechanism and a driven mechanism 4; the winding mechanism is detachably arranged between the driving mechanism 3 and the driven mechanism 4.

[0041] In this specific embodiment, Figure 1-10 As shown, the winding mechanism includes a winding body 1, which is a cone-shaped body. The quadrangular prism structure arranged at the top of the cone is the first connecting part, and the quadrangular prism structure arranged at the bottom of the cone is the second connecting part.

[0042] The first connecting portion is provided with a sample fixing hole 2 .

[0043] The driving mechanism 3 includes an electric motor 31, a reducer 32, a driving bracket, a rotating shaft 38 and a first plug 36; the rotating shaft 38 is rotatably arranged on the driving bracket, the power output end of the electric motor 31 is drivingly connected to the reducer 32, the reducer 32 and the rotating shaft 38 are connected by a chain transmission, and the first plug 36 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 38.

[0044] The first plug 36 includes a first plug 36 body, and a third connecting portion is provided at one end of the first plug 36 body. The third connecting portion is a multi-sided hole. In this embodiment, the third connecting portion is a quadrangular hole. The winding body 1 is driven and connected to the first plug 36 by inserting the first connecting portion into the third connecting portion.

[0045] The driven mechanism 4 includes a screw rod 41, a hand wheel 42, a driven bracket and a second plug 37; the hand wheel 42 is arranged at one end of the screw rod 41, the second plug 37 is arranged at the other end of the screw rod 41, and the screw rod 41 is movably arranged on the driven bracket.

[0046] Specifically, a bearing 35 is provided on the driven bracket, and a screw nut is provided on the inner ring of the bearing 35. The screw nut cooperates with the screw rod 41. The screw rod 41 is rotated by turning the hand wheel 42, thereby changing the distance between the first plug 36 and the second plug 37 to realize the installation and disassembly of the winding mechanism.

[0047] The second plug 37 includes a second plug 37 body, and a fourth connecting portion is provided at one end of the second plug 37 body. The fourth connecting portion is a polygonal hole. In this embodiment, the fourth connecting portion is a quadrangular hole. The winding body 1 is driven and connected to the second plug 37 by inserting the second connecting portion into the fourth connecting portion.

[0048] The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire in this embodiment further comprises a wire pressing pad 6 , which is composed of two identical plates.

[0049] When preparing the sample, a certain length of aluminum wire is cut and straightened, the surface of the aluminum wire is cleaned with sandpaper and wiped clean with anhydrous ethanol, one end of the aluminum wire is passed through the sample fixing hole 2 and fixed, the aluminum wire is tightly wound into the expected shape through axial rotation of the winding mechanism, the wound aluminum wire sample 7 is placed between two wire pressing pads 6, and placed in a press for extrusion, one end of the extruded aluminum wire sample 7 is polished with sandpaper or a grinder, and then the chemical composition is analyzed using a direct reading spectrometer.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] This embodiment provides a sample preparation method based on a sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of an overhead conductor aluminum wire, comprising the following steps:

[0052] 1. Sampling: Cut a certain length of aluminum wire sample 7 and straighten it. Clean the surface of the aluminum wire sample 7 with sandpaper and wipe it clean with anhydrous ethanol.

[0053] 2. Fixing the sample: Pass one end of the aluminum wire sample 7 through the sample fixing hole 2 of the winding body 1 and fix it, then insert the first connection part of the winding body 1 into the third connection part of the first plug 36, rotate the hand wheel 42, and move the moving device 4 to the left through the spiral rod 41, so that the second connection part of the winding body 1 is inserted into the fourth connection part of the second plug 37;

[0054] 3. Sample preparation: Start the driving mechanism 3 to drive the winding body 1 to rotate at a speed of 5-6r / min. Pull the aluminum wire sample 7 with force and follow the instructions. Fig. 9 Perform regular winding as shown, and determine the number of winding turns according to the required cross-sectional area;

[0055] 4. Remove the wound sample: After winding, cut off the fixed end and the remaining end of the aluminum wire sample 7, rotate the hand wheel 42 in the reverse direction, remove the wound metal wire 7, and obtain the attached Fig.10 Aluminum wire sample 7 shown;

[0056] 5. Extrusion: Clean the contact surface between the wire pressing pad 6 and the aluminum wire sample 7 with anhydrous ethanol, place the wound aluminum wire sample 7 with the small section on top and the large section on the bottom between the two wire pressing pads 6, and then extrude it through a press;

[0057] 6. Grinding: Select a dense and flat area on the surface of the extruded aluminum wire sample 7 and grind it with sandpaper or a grinder, and clean the polished surface with anhydrous ethanol;

[0058] 7. Test: Use direct reading spectrometer to analyze the chemical composition of the polished area.

[0059] By regularly winding, extruding, and polishing the aluminum wire sample in this embodiment, and then using a direct-reading spectrometer to perform chemical composition analysis, the problem that the excitation cross-sectional size of the small-section aluminum wire does not meet the requirements, the excitation is insufficient, and the direct-reading spectrometer cannot be used for accurate testing can be effectively solved, and the problem of large errors caused by insufficient excitation of small-section aluminum wires can be avoided. The data deviation of the chemical composition index of the aluminum wire can be avoided, which affects the evaluation of the test index, and the problems of large workload, low efficiency, and long time consumption caused by the use of chemical analysis methods and high-temperature melting of the aluminum wire can be avoided. At the same time, the sample preparation method based on the present invention is easy to operate, has significant effects, and improves safety.

[0060] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0061] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire, characterized in that: It comprises a driving mechanism, a winding mechanism and a driven mechanism; the winding mechanism is detachably arranged between the driving mechanism and the driven mechanism; The winding mechanism comprises a winding body, one end of the winding body is provided with a first connecting portion, and the other end is provided with a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion is used to connect with the driving mechanism, and the second connecting portion is used to connect with the driven mechanism; The winding body is a conical body, the first connecting portion is arranged at the top end of the conical body, and the second connecting portion is arranged at the bottom end of the conical body; It also includes a wire pressing pad, which is two identical plates; the aluminum wire sample is placed between the two wire pressing pads.

2. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting portion is provided with a sample fixing hole.

3. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are both prism structures.

4. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes an electric motor, a reducer, a driving bracket, a rotating shaft and a first plug; the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the driving bracket, the power output end of the electric motor is drivingly connected to the reducer, the reducer is drivingly connected to the rotating shaft, and the first plug is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft.

5. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first plug includes a first plug body. A third connecting portion is disposed at one end of the first plug body. The third connecting portion is used to connect to one end of the winding mechanism.

6. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven mechanism comprises a screw rod, a hand wheel, a driven bracket and a second plug; the hand wheel is arranged at one end of the screw rod, the second plug is arranged at the other end of the screw rod, and the screw rod is movably arranged on the driven bracket.

7. The sample preparation device for chemical composition analysis of overhead conductor aluminum wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second plug includes a second plug body. A fourth connecting portion is disposed at one end of the second plug body. The fourth connecting portion is used to connect to the other end of the winding mechanism.

8. A method for preparing a sample for chemical composition analysis of an overhead conductor aluminum wire according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: (1) Sampling: Cut a certain length of aluminum wire sample and straighten it. Clean the surface of the aluminum wire sample with sandpaper and wipe it clean with anhydrous ethanol. (2) Fixing the sample: Pass one end of the aluminum wire sample through the sample fixing hole of the winding body and fix it, then insert the first connection part of the winding body into the third connection part of the first plug, rotate the hand wheel, and move the moving device to the left through the spiral rod, so that the second connection part of the winding body is inserted into the fourth connection part of the second plug; (3) Sample preparation: Start the driving mechanism to drive the winding body to rotate at a speed of 5-6 r / min. Pull the aluminum wire sample hard to perform regular winding. Determine the number of winding turns according to the required cross-sectional area. (4) Removing the wound sample: After the winding is completed, cut off the fixed end and the remaining end of the aluminum wire sample, rotate the hand wheel in the reverse direction, remove the wound metal wire, and obtain the aluminum wire sample; (5) Extrusion: Clean the contact surface between the wire pressing pad and the aluminum wire sample with anhydrous ethanol, place the wound aluminum wire sample with the small section on top and the large section on the bottom between the two wire pressing pads, and then extrude it through a press; (6) Polishing: Select a dense and flat area on the surface of the extruded aluminum wire sample and polish it with sandpaper or a grinder, and then clean the polished surface with anhydrous ethanol; (7) Test: A direct reading spectrometer was used to analyze the chemical composition of the polished area.

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