A device and method for free forging of ring forgings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for free forging of annular forgings. By providing a contact plate which is driven by a lifting mechanism and keeps in contact with the lowest point of the annular forging, a distance detection mechanism located on the contact plate can detect in real time the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging in a state of varying height and the bottom of a supporting mechanism. In combination with the distance values ​​from an upper hammer anvil to the bottom of the supporting mechanism, the distance values ​​from a horse bar to the bottom of the supporting mechanism, and the distance values ​​from an upper hammer anvil to the bottom of the supporting mechanism, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the annular forging in a processing state are analyzed in real time. Therefore, the device provided by the present invention can detect the inner and outer diameters of the annular forging in real time when the annular forging is in a processing state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forging processing, and in particular relates to a device and a method for free forging of annular forgings. Background Art

[0002] Since the slewing bearing is a key component of engineering machinery such as tunnel boring machines and excavators, the quality of the slewing bearing also determines the product quality of the entire equipment. At present, the inner and outer rings of the slewing bearing are generally manufactured by the method of ring forging blanks, among which the ring forgings are generally formed by rolling. However, due to the limitation of the core roller strength of the rolling equipment, forgings with a large weight-to-diameter ratio require excessive rolling force. Therefore, when the rolling method cannot be used for forming, some small and large ring parts are formed by free forging in the blank stage.

[0003] Common free forging methods are divided into ordinary hammer forging and CNC press hammer forging. Among them, the equipment used in ordinary hammer forging still relies entirely on manual control. Due to the problems of difficult to control forging force, uneven deformation, and inability to ensure the stop forging temperature, it not only requires high experience and operating skills of the operator, but also easily leads to difficulty in ensuring the quality of forgings, which is not conducive to the realization of automation and unmanned production in forging workshops. Although forging by CNC press can achieve precise control of the distance between the upper and lower anvil surfaces, the inner and outer diameter dimensions and height dimensions of the ring forgings can only be controlled by workers through visual inspection or manual measurement. Therefore, the forging equipment needs to be suspended during manual measurement, which leads to problems such as affecting production efficiency, increasing production costs, and affecting product quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for free forging of annular forgings, which solves the problem that the inner and outer diameters of the annular forgings in the processed state cannot be detected.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention provides a device for free forging of annular forgings, comprising:

[0006] a support mechanism, including a horse bar for placing the ring forging;

[0007] A contact mechanism, comprising a contact plate disposed below the horse stick and a lifting mechanism connected to the contact plate, wherein the contact plate is driven by the lifting mechanism to keep in contact with the lowest point of the annular forging;

[0008] The distance detection mechanism is arranged on the contact plate and is used to detect the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging and the bottom of the supporting mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a sliding component and a rebound component.

[0010] The sliding assembly comprises a sliding groove vertically arranged on the supporting mechanism, and a sliding part arranged on the contact plate and slidably connected to the sliding groove;

[0011] The rebound assembly comprises a guide rod vertically arranged in the slide groove, and a spring sleeved on the outside of the guide rod, and one end of the spring is connected to the sliding part.

[0012] Furthermore, the supporting mechanism also includes a lower hammer anvil and a horse rack arranged on the lower hammer anvil, the horse rack is used to support the two ends of the horse stick, the slide groove is arranged on the side wall of the horse rack, and the contact plate is arranged parallel to the lower hammer anvil.

[0013] Furthermore, the horse rack is provided with a recess for connecting with the horse stick.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower hammer anvil is detachably connected to the horse frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance detection mechanism includes at least three distance sensors distributed on the contact plate, and a distance averaging unit, and the distance averaging unit is used to average the values ​​detected by at least three distance sensors to obtain the distance value between the lowest point of the annular forging and the bottom of the support mechanism.

[0016] Further, the distance detection mechanism is connected to a size detection module, and the size detection module includes:

[0017] A wall thickness analysis unit, used to analyze the wall thickness of the annular forging according to the distance value from the upper hammer anvil to the bottom of the support mechanism and the distance value from the horse stick to the bottom of the support mechanism;

[0018] An outer diameter analysis unit, used to analyze the outer diameter of the annular forging according to the distance value obtained by the distance detection mechanism and the distance value from the upper anvil to the bottom of the support mechanism;

[0019] The inner diameter analysis unit is used to analyze the inner diameter of the annular forging according to the outer diameter of the annular forging obtained by the outer diameter analysis unit and the wall thickness obtained by the wall thickness analysis unit.

[0020] Furthermore, at least three of the distance sensors are arranged on the sliding part.

[0021] Furthermore, the contact surface between the horse rod and the annular forging is a curved surface.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for free forging of an annular forging, comprising:

[0023] Placing the ring forging on the horse bar of the apparatus for free forging of the ring forging as described above, and making the lowest point of the ring forging contact with the contact plate;

[0024] Processing the annular forging by an upper hammer anvil, and analyzing the wall thickness of the annular forging according to the distance value from the upper hammer anvil to the bottom of the support mechanism and the distance value from the horse stick to the bottom of the support mechanism;

[0025] Performing real-time detection of the outer diameter of the annular forging according to the distance value detected by the distance detection mechanism and the distance value from the upper anvil to the bottom of the support mechanism;

[0026] The inner diameter of the annular forging is detected in real time according to the outer diameter of the annular forging and the wall thickness of the annular forging.

[0027] The present invention provides a device and method for free forging of annular forgings. By providing a contact plate that keeps in contact with the lowest point of the annular forging under the drive of a lifting mechanism, a distance detection mechanism located on the contact plate can perform real-time detection of the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging in a state of changing height and the bottom of a supporting mechanism. In combination with the distance value from the upper hammer anvil to the bottom of the supporting mechanism, the distance value from the horse rod to the bottom of the supporting mechanism, and the distance value from the upper hammer anvil to the bottom of the supporting mechanism, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the annular forging in a processing state are analyzed in real time. Therefore, the device provided by the present invention can realize real-time detection of the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the annular forging even when the annular forging is in a processing state.

[0028] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description, claims, and drawings.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a device for free forging of an annular forging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2A front view of a device for free forging of an annular forging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of section AA of a device for free forging of an annular forging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A sectional view of section BB of a device for free forging of an annular forging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 A connection diagram of a size detection module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for free forging a ring forging according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure:

[0039] 1-support mechanism, 101-horse stick, 102-lower hammer anvil, 103-horse frame, 1011-arc surface, 1031-recess;

[0040] 2-contact mechanism, 201-contact plate, 202-lifting mechanism, 2021-slideway, 2022-sliding part, 2023-guide rod, 2024-spring;

[0041] 3- Ring forgings;

[0042] 4- Distance sensor;

[0043] 5- Upper hammer anvil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0048] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the inner and outer diameters of a ring forging in a processing state cannot be detected in real time, the present invention provides a device and method for free forging of a ring forging.

[0049] A first aspect of the present invention provides a device for free forging of annular forgings, see Figures 1 to 4 , including a supporting mechanism 1, a contact mechanism 2 and a distance detecting mechanism, the supporting mechanism 1 includes a horse rod 101 for placing the annular forging 3; the contact mechanism 2 includes a contact plate 201 arranged below the horse rod 101, and a lifting mechanism 202 connected to the contact plate 201, and the contact plate 201 keeps in contact with the lowest point of the annular forging 3 under the drive of the lifting mechanism 202; the distance detecting mechanism is arranged on the contact plate 201, and is used to detect the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the supporting mechanism 1.

[0050] Among them, the distance detection mechanism detects the distance between it and the bottom of the support mechanism 1, and records this distance as H. The distance detection mechanism then detects the distance between it and the tangent between the annular forging 3 and the contact plate 201, and records this distance as C. Then the distance B between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 detected by the distance detection mechanism and the bottom of the support mechanism 1 is H+C.

[0051] The present invention is provided with a contact plate 201 which is driven by a lifting mechanism 202 and keeps in contact with the lowest point of the annular forging 3, so that the distance detection mechanism located on the contact plate 201 can perform real-time detection of the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 in a state of changing height and the bottom of the supporting mechanism 1, and then combine the distance value from the upper hammer anvil 5 to the bottom of the supporting mechanism 1, the distance value from the horse rod 101 to the bottom of the supporting mechanism 1, and the distance value from the upper hammer anvil 5 to the bottom of the supporting mechanism 1 to perform real-time analysis of the inner diameter and outer diameter of the annular forging 3 in a processing state. Therefore, the device provided by the present invention can realize real-time detection of the inner and outer diameter dimensions of the annular forging 3 when the annular forging 3 is in a processing state.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, see Figure 5 The lifting mechanism 202 includes a sliding assembly and a rebound assembly. The sliding assembly includes a slide groove 2021 vertically arranged on the supporting mechanism 1, and a sliding part 2022 arranged on the contact plate 201 and slidably connected to the slide groove 2021; the rebound assembly includes a guide rod 2023 vertically arranged in the slide groove 2021, and a spring 2024 sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 2023, and one end of the spring 2024 is connected to the sliding part 2022. In this embodiment, after the annular forging 3 is placed on the horse stick 101, the lowest point of the annular forging 3 falls on the contact plate 201, and the sliding portion 2022 of the contact plate 201 presses down the spring 2024, and when the upper hammer anvil 5 processes the annular forging 3, with the rebound effect of the spring 2024, the sliding portion 2022 drives the contact plate 201 to move, thereby ensuring that the height of the contact plate 201 changes with the rise and fall of the lowest point of the annular forging 3, thereby achieving that the contact plate 201 maintains contact with the lowest point of the annular forging 3 under the drive of the lifting mechanism 202.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the support mechanism 1 further includes a lower hammer anvil 102, and a horse frame 103 disposed on the lower hammer anvil 102, the horse frame 103 is used to support both ends of the horse stick 101, the slide groove 2021 is disposed on the side wall of the horse frame 103, and the contact plate 201 is disposed parallel to the lower hammer anvil 102. In this embodiment, two slide grooves 2021 are disposed on the opposite surfaces of the two oppositely disposed horse frames 103, and a sliding portion 2022 is disposed at each of the four corners of the contact plate 201, and the contact plate 201 is slidably connected to the horse frame 103 through the cooperation of the sliding portion 2022 and the slide groove 2021, and when the sliding portion 2022 is in contact with the slide groove 2021, the contact plate 201 is kept parallel to the lower hammer anvil 102, so as to facilitate the distance detection mechanism to detect the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, a recess 1031 for connecting with the horse stick 101 is formed on the horse frame 103 .

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the lower anvil 102 and the horse frame 103 are detachably connected.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the distance detection mechanism includes at least three distance sensors 4 distributed on the contact plate 201, and a distance averaging unit, and the distance averaging unit is used to average the values ​​detected by the at least three distance sensors 4 to obtain the distance value between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1. In this embodiment, by providing at least three distance sensors 4 and averaging the values ​​detected by the at least three distance sensors 4, the distance value between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1 can be obtained more accurately, avoiding the error in the detection of the distance value between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1 when the contact plate 20 cannot remain parallel to the bottom of the support mechanism 1.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, see Figure 6 The distance detection mechanism is connected to the size detection module, and the size detection module includes a wall thickness analysis unit, an outer diameter analysis unit and an inner diameter analysis unit. The wall thickness analysis unit is used to analyze the wall thickness of the annular forging 3 according to the distance value from the upper hammer anvil 5 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1 and the distance value from the horse rod 101 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1; the outer diameter analysis unit is used to analyze the outer diameter of the annular forging 3 according to the distance value obtained by the distance detection mechanism and the distance value from the upper hammer anvil 5 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1; the inner diameter analysis unit is used to analyze the inner diameter of the annular forging 3 according to the outer diameter of the annular forging 3 obtained by the outer diameter analysis unit and the wall thickness obtained by the wall thickness analysis unit. In this embodiment, the distance value from the upper anvil 5 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1 is the value (L0) input on the CNC hydraulic press, that is, the CNC hydraulic press controls the upper anvil 5 to move downward until L0 is equal to the input value, and the distance value from the horse rod 101 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1 is L1, so the wall thickness analysis unit calculates the thickness of the annular forging 3 as L0-L1; after the annular forging 3 is placed on the horse rod 101, the distance detection mechanism detects that the distance between the tangent line between the annular forging 3 and the contact plate 201 is C; the four distance sensors arranged on the contact plate 201 detect that the distance values ​​from the bottom of the support mechanism 1 are: H1, H2, H3, H4, and the calculated average H is obtained by the distance average unit, so that the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1 can be obtained as B=H+C, so the outer diameter D of the annular forging 3 analyzed by the outer diameter analysis unit is D=L0-B, and the inner diameter d analyzed by the inner diameter analysis unit is d=D-2A=D-2(L0-L1).

[0058] As a preferred embodiment, at least three distance sensors 4 are disposed on the sliding portion 2022 .

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the contact surface between the horse rod 101 and the annular forging 3 is a curved surface 1011 .

[0060] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for free forging of annular forgings, see Figure 7 ,include:

[0061] S100, placing the annular forging on the horse bar 101 of the apparatus for free forging of annular forgings as described above, and making the lowest point of the annular forging 3 contact with the contact plate 201;

[0062] S200, processing the annular forging 3 by the upper anvil 5, and analyzing the wall thickness of the annular forging 3 according to the distance value from the upper anvil 3 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1 and the distance value from the horse rod 101 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1;

[0063] S300, performing real-time detection of the outer diameter of the annular forging 3 according to the distance value detected by the distance detection mechanism and the distance value from the upper hammer anvil 5 to the bottom of the support mechanism 3;

[0064] S400 , performing real-time detection of the inner diameter of the annular forging 3 according to the outer diameter of the annular forging 3 and the wall thickness of the annular forging 3 .

[0065] When the annular forging 3 is forged by the CNC hydraulic press, in the process of the upper hammer anvil 5 striking the forging to deform the annular forging 3, the wall thickness direction of the annular forging 3 is reduced and the diameter direction is enlarged, thereby realizing the hole expansion process. Since the height L1 of the horse stick 101 is a fixed value, and the distance value from the upper hammer anvil 5 to the bottom of the support mechanism 1 is the value L0 input on the CNC hydraulic press, which is also a fixed value, the wall thickness A of the annular forging 3 can be calculated to be L0-L1; and since the outer diameter and inner diameter of the annular forging 3 change during the forging process, the distance B between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1 also changes accordingly, so the outer diameter and inner diameter of the annular forging 3 can be detected by real-time detection of the distance B between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the support mechanism 1, wherein the outer diameter D of the annular forging 3 is L0-B, and the inner diameter d is D-2A=D-2(L0-L1). Therefore, by using this method to detect the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging 3 and the bottom of the supporting mechanism 1 in real time, it is possible to detect the inner and outer diameters of the annular forging 3 in real time when the annular forging 3 is in a processed state.

[0066] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A device for free forging of annular forgings, characterized in that: include: A support mechanism (1) comprises a horse bar (101) for placing an annular forging (3), the support mechanism (1) further comprising a lower hammer anvil (102) and a horse rack (103) arranged on the lower hammer anvil (102), the horse rack (103) being used to support both ends of the horse bar (101); A contact mechanism (2) comprising a contact plate (201) disposed below the horse bar (101) and a lifting mechanism (202) connected to the contact plate (201), wherein the contact plate (201) is driven by the lifting mechanism (202) to maintain contact with the lowest point of the annular forging (3); a distance detection mechanism, arranged on the contact plate (201), for detecting the distance between the lowest point of the annular forging (3) and the bottom of the support mechanism (1); The distance detection mechanism is connected to a size detection module, and the size detection module includes: A wall thickness analysis unit, used for analyzing the wall thickness of the annular forging (3) according to the distance value from the upper hammer anvil (5) to the bottom of the support mechanism (1), and the distance value from the horse rod (101) to the bottom of the support mechanism (1); an outer diameter analysis unit, used for analyzing the outer diameter of the annular forging (3) according to the distance value obtained by the distance detection mechanism and the distance value from the upper anvil (5) to the bottom of the support mechanism (1); The inner diameter analysis unit is used to analyze the inner diameter of the annular forging (3) based on the outer diameter of the annular forging (3) obtained by the outer diameter analysis unit and the wall thickness obtained by the wall thickness analysis unit.

2. A device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (202) comprises a sliding component and a rebound component. The sliding assembly comprises a sliding groove (2021) vertically arranged on the supporting mechanism (1), and a sliding portion (2022) arranged on the contact plate (201) and slidably connected to the sliding groove (2021); The rebound component comprises a guide rod (2023) vertically arranged in the slide groove (2021), and a spring (2024) sleeved on the outside of the guide rod (2023), and one end of the spring (2024) is connected to the sliding part (2022).

3. A device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide groove (2021) is arranged on the side wall of the horse frame (103), and the contact plate (201) is arranged parallel to the lower hammer anvil (102).

4. A device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The horse frame (103) is provided with a recess (1031) for connecting with the horse stick (101).

5. The device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower hammer anvil (102) is detachably connected to the horse frame (103).

6. The device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance detection mechanism comprises at least three distance sensors (4) distributed on the contact plate, and a distance averaging unit, wherein the distance averaging unit is used to average the values ​​detected by the at least three distance sensors (4) to obtain the distance value between the lowest point of the annular forging (3) and the bottom of the support mechanism (1).

7. A device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least three of the distance sensors (4) are arranged on the sliding part (2022).

8. The device for free forging of annular forgings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the horse rod (101) and the annular forging (3) is a cambered surface (1011).

9. A method for free forging of a ring forging, characterized in that: include: Placing the annular forging (3) on the horse bar (101) of the device for free forging of annular forgings as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and making the lowest point of the annular forging (3) contact the contact plate (201); The annular forging (3) is processed by an upper hammer anvil (5), and the wall thickness of the annular forging (3) is analyzed according to the distance value from the upper hammer anvil (5) to the bottom of the support mechanism (1) and the distance value from the horse bar (101) to the bottom of the support mechanism (1); Performing real-time detection of the outer diameter of the annular forging (3) based on the distance value detected by the distance detection mechanism and the distance value from the upper anvil (5) to the bottom of the support mechanism (1); The inner diameter of the annular forging (3) is detected in real time according to the outer diameter of the annular forging (3) and the wall thickness of the annular forging (3).

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