Special brake wheel system for automobile anti-skid

Abstract

The invention relates to a special brake wheel system for anti-skid of automobiles, which is characterized in that: a piston sleeve rotating shaft is fixed on a vehicle body and is located above and behind the rear wheel of the vehicle; a shaft sleeve is provided on the top of the piston sleeve and matched with the piston sleeve rotating shaft; three parallel holes are provided at the bottom as piston body cavities; the piston sleeve rotates around the piston sleeve rotating shaft; the piston body is connected with three parallel electromagnet columns at the bottom; a brake wheel bracket is matched with the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft, the piston body shaft and the brake wheel shaft; a pair of brake calipers are provided on the brake wheel bracket, and the brake caliper electromagnet coil is located in the brake wheel bracket crossbeam of the brake wheel bracket; when the vehicle brakes and the ABS is started, the brake wheel and the ground are in a sliding state, and the downward pressure is increased at the same time, and the small spikes on the brake wheel pierce into the ground ice, which can brake in time and effectively, and effectively prevent the ice surface from sliding and causing accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a special brake wheel system for automobile anti-skid, belonging to automobile protection (safety) devices. Background Art

[0002] At present, automobile brakes are applied to rolling tires. When the tires slip against the ground, ABS is activated to help brake. When the ice and snow road surface is particularly slippery, ABS is not effective. Especially in winter, when the road surface is icy, dangerous situations such as vehicle skidding and uncontrolled movement often occur. This solution is proposed to address this situation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special brake wheel system for automobile anti-skid, which can brake timely and effectively in the state of particularly slippery road surface. A set of special brake wheels is added to the existing vehicle for braking, and the vehicle sliding on the ice surface is braked timely and effectively. The brake wheel is only used for braking and does not play the role of supporting the vehicle. There is one (or two) brake wheels on the left and right sides, and the width of the brake wheel is equivalent to the tire of the vehicle. The brake wheel contacts the ground when braking and lifts off the ground when driving normally. If the ABS is not activated when the vehicle brakes, the brake wheel is just lowered to the ground and rolls in contact with the ground, and does not play the role of braking; when the ABS is activated at the same time as the vehicle brakes, the brake wheel brakes - that is, the brake wheel is not in rolling contact with the ground, but in a sliding state, and the downward pressure is increased at the same time, and the small spikes on the brake wheel pierce into the ground ice, braking the vehicle in time and effectively. When the vehicle starts the ABS, it means that the tire of the vehicle is sliding with the ground, and effective braking needs to be performed immediately, and then the system will play a role. The system is automatically normally open. If it is not used for a long time, the main switch is inside the front hood of the vehicle, and only this switch can be completely turned off, and it can be turned off in non-winter.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a special anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles, which is composed of multiple brackets, brake wheels, brake calipers, electromagnetic pistons and electromagnetic coils, and a control panel, and is characterized in that: the system is divided into four functional blocks: a piston body, a piston sleeve frame, and a piston electromagnetic coil constitute a power functional block; a brake wheel bracket, a brake wheel, a brake caliper, and a brake caliper electromagnetic coil constitute a braking functional block; a parking electromagnetic coil, a parking latch, and a parking latch hole constitute a parking functional block; a parking latch return contact switch, a piston body state infrared detector, a brake caliper state infrared detector, and an electric control panel constitute a self-checking control functional block; The piston sleeve frame rotating shaft in the power function block is fixed on the vehicle body and is located above the rear wheel of the vehicle, and the outer end of the piston sleeve frame rotating shaft does not exceed the outer side of the vehicle body; there is a shaft sleeve on the top of the piston sleeve frame, which cooperates with the piston sleeve frame rotating shaft, and there are three parallel holes at the bottom as the piston body cavity, which correspond to the three piston electromagnet columns of the piston body respectively, and the piston sleeve frame rotates around the piston sleeve frame rotating shaft; the piston body is three parallel electromagnet columns connected at the bottom, and the connected parts form the piston body axis. The three electromagnet columns correspond to three electromagnet coils respectively, and move in the piston body cavity; the three piston electromagnet coils are in the solid wall of the piston sleeve frame, and the middle one is the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil. The piston electromagnet reciprocating coil is responsible for lifting or lowering the electromagnet, and the piston electromagnet power coils on both sides are responsible for increasing the downward force of the piston body; the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil has a small number of coils, and the piston electromagnet power coils on both sides have a large number of coils. After the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil and the piston electromagnet power coil are energized, the piston body is driven to move in the piston body cavity, and the piston vent is used to ventilate the piston inside and outside to balance the air pressure;

[0005] The brake wheel bracket in the braking function block has three rotating sleeves, which respectively cooperate with the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft fixed on the vehicle body, the piston body shaft connected to the bottom of the piston body, and the brake wheel shaft; the piston sleeve bracket rotating shaft and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft are fixed on the vehicle body, and the brake wheel rotates around the brake wheel shaft. When the piston body moves downward, the brake wheel bracket is pushed to rotate around the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft through the piston body shaft, and the brake wheel bracket drives the brake wheel to contact the ground through the brake wheel shaft, and the upward movement of the piston body drives the brake wheel to lift off the ground; a pair of brake calipers are provided on the brake wheel bracket, and the brake caliper electromagnet coil is located in the brake wheel bracket crossbeam of the brake wheel bracket. The empty space in the middle of the brake caliper electromagnet coil is the brake caliper operating space, and a convex-concave structure is provided at the position where the brake caliper contacts the brake wheel in the direction of the brake wheel, a brake caliper ridge is designed on the brake caliper, and a groove matching the brake caliper ridge, namely the brake wheel groove, is provided on the brake wheel. A parking latch hole is provided at the end of the electromagnet column in the middle of the piston body in the parking function block, and a parking electromagnet coil and a parking latch are provided at the bottom of the middle cavity of the piston body cavity of the piston sleeve corresponding to the parking latch hole, and the parking electromagnet coil is surrounded outside the parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity;

[0006] The electric control board in the self-check control function block is located on the piston sleeve frame and is protected by a protective cover on the outside. The power line of the electric control board is connected to the vehicle battery. The four signals from the vehicle, namely the brake signal A signal, the ABS signal B signal, the reverse signal C signal, and the parking signal D signal, are connected to the electric control board through signal lines. One of the signal lines feeds back the signal of the self-check status of the brake wheel system to the vehicle instrument panel; the power line of the parking solenoid coil runs along with the signal line of the parking latch return contact switch, and the parking latch return contact switch is located at the bottom of the parking latch solenoid coil cavity. The parking latch electromagnetic coil chamber is located at the bottom of the middle chamber of the piston body chamber of the piston sleeve and at a position corresponding to the parking latch hole. It is a push-type switch. It is connected by pressing and disconnected by releasing. When the parking latch is retracted, the parking latch return contact switch is pressed and connected. The electronic control board detects that the circuit is unobstructed and feeds back to the vehicle instrument panel, indicating that the brake system is unlocked and can continue self-checking or normal use; if the parking electromagnetic coil is reversely energized during self-checking and the parking latch return contact switch is not pressed, it indicates that the parking latch has not been retracted and is still stuck in the piston body and has not been released. The brake system cannot work normally, the parking latch return contact switch is not pressed, and the electronic control board feeds back to the instrument panel to show that the brake system (left or right) is not unlocked; the piston electromagnet power line is accompanied by the piston body status infrared detector power line and signal line, and they are separated after entering the piston body cavity, one to power the piston electromagnet coil, and the other to power and feedback the piston body status infrared detector; the piston body status infrared detector is located in the middle cavity of the piston body cavity, below the parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity, and is symmetrically arranged on the circumference, one is the transmitting end, and the other is the transmitting end. The first is the receiving end. When the piston body rises to a high position, it blocks the infrared detector of the piston body status. The piston electromagnet reciprocating coil is energized in the forward direction, and the piston body moves downward, exposing the infrared detector of the piston body status. The emitted signal is detected by the symmetrical end. During the self-test, the other party's signal can be detected, indicating that the piston body can be driven to be lowered by the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil, and can work, and the self-test continues; otherwise, it is fed back to the electronic control board, and the electronic control board displays to the vehicle instrument panel that the left or right piston electromagnet reciprocating coil cannot normally lower the piston body, and the self-test on this side is terminated, and the self-test on the other side continues;

[0007] The power line of the brake caliper electromagnet coil is accompanied by the power line and signal line of the brake caliper status infrared detector. The brake caliper status infrared detector is located in the brake wheel bracket crossbeam of the brake wheel bracket. The brake caliper electromagnet coil is energized in the positive direction, and the brake caliper is tightened toward the middle to clamp the brake wheel. There is one detector on the inside and one on the outside, which are responsible for the status detection of the brake caliper on this side. The brake caliper is tightened to block the detector, and the detector is exposed when it is separated. The electric control board receives the blocked signal indicating that the brake caliper can be driven to work by the electromagnet coil. Otherwise, it will be fed back to the vehicle dashboard through the electric control board to show that the left or right inner or outer brake caliper cannot work normally and continue self-testing. After all parking latches, piston bodies, and brake calipers are tested, a test report is generated and displayed on the vehicle dashboard.

[0008] The brake wheel brake has three main actions. The first action is to put the brake wheel down and contact the ground, that is, the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil is energized in the positive direction to push the piston body downward to put the brake wheel on the ground. At this time, the brake wheel is rotating and cannot help braking; the second action is to stop the brake wheel from rotating. The brake caliper relies on the brake caliper electromagnet coil to provide power movement. The brake caliper tightens inward to clamp the brake wheel and prevent it from rotating; the third action is to increase the pressure between the brake wheel and the ground. When ABS is started, the piston electromagnet power coils on both sides drive the piston body to increase the downward force, so that the pressure between the brake wheel and the ground is greater; there are many small spikes on the surface of the brake wheel, about 2.5 mm, which can penetrate into the ice on the ground without damaging the road surface, so as to help braking.

[0009] The height between the bottom edge of the brake wheel in high position and the ground is the movement distance of the piston body, which is 100 mm-300 mm (the appropriate model is selected according to the height of the vehicle body).

[0010] The gap between the brake caliper and the brake wheel, that is, the gap between the ridge of the brake caliper and the brake wheel, is the movement distance of the brake caliper, which is about 10 mm.

[0011] The self-test of the electromagnet power coils on both sides of the piston is the same as that of the reciprocating coil of the middle piston electromagnet.

[0012] The signal lines are divided into inner signal lines and outer signal lines.

[0013] The brake caliper state infrared detector is divided into an inner brake caliper state infrared detector and an outer brake caliper state infrared detector.

[0014] The brake caliper is divided into a left side and a right side.

[0015] The brake caliper electromagnet coil is divided into a left side and a right side.

[0016] The brake caliper is in an inverted "L" shape.

[0017] The brake signal A signal, ABS signal B signal, reverse signal C signal, and parking signal D signal are original vehicle signals. The brake signal A signal is the signal of pressing the brake pedal and the signal of lifting the brake pedal; the ABS signal B signal is the signal of ABS taking effect and the signal of ABS canceling effect; the reverse signal C signal is the reverse signal (engaging in reverse gear) and the signal of canceling reverse (canceling reverse gear), and the parking signal D signal is the parking shutdown signal and the ignition start signal.

[0018] The positive effects of the present invention are: timely and effective braking can be achieved, and sliding accidents can be effectively prevented; using electromagnets as power can make the power uniform and not be affected by uneven road surfaces, and can keep the brake wheel in effective contact with the ground at all times; using electromagnets as power to drive the brake caliper is not restricted by dirt on the surface of the brake caliper, and the strip grooves are meshed with the strip protrusions to achieve the purpose of effective braking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention (high position state, parking state).

[0020] Figure 2 is the high state of the present invention ( Figure 1 ).

[0021] Figure 3 It is the low state of the present invention (the braking state, the braking assistance state).

[0022] Figure 4 It is a side view of the brake function block of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a front view of the brake function block of the present invention (released state. The gap 19 between the brake caliper and the brake wheel exists. The brake caliper state infrared detector 29 is exposed).

[0024] Figure 6 It is a front view of the brake function block of the present invention (in the clamped state, the gap 19 between the brake caliper and the brake wheel does not exist, the brake caliper 12 clamps the brake wheel 7, and the brake caliper state infrared detector 29 is blocked).

[0025] Figure 7 This is a front view of the brake function block of the present invention ( Figure 5 The partial enlargement mainly shows the state of the brake caliper infrared detector 29: exposed).

[0026] Figure 8 This is a front view of the brake function block of the present invention ( Figure 6 The partial enlargement mainly shows the state of the brake caliper infrared detector 29: blocked by the brake caliper 12).

[0027] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the power functional block of the present invention (in the parking state, the parking latch 18 clamps the piston body 6, and the vent 22 is shown as such for the sake of convenience. In fact, the vent 22 is opened to the outside through a pipe inside the protective cover to prevent sludge, and there is a protective net at the entrance).

[0028] Fig.10It is a schematic diagram of the power function block of the present invention (lowered state. The parking latch 18 is retracted, the piston body 6 is free, and the piston body state infrared detector 28 is exposed).

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the electromagnet coils 14-1 and 14-2 of the present invention.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the shape of the piston body 6 of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the position and wiring of the electric control board 17 of the present invention.

[0032] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the power function block and the parking function block of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7 of the present invention.

[0034] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the brake wheel bracket 3 and the brake caliper 12 of the present invention.

[0035] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the brake wheel bracket 3, the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7 of the present invention.

[0036] Fig.18 It is a three-dimensional overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0037] Fig.19 This is a signal action flow chart of the common brake signal A of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 20 This is a signal action flow chart of the ABS signal B of the present invention.

[0039] Fig.21 This is a signal action flow chart of the ABS signal B of the present invention.

[0040] Fig. 22 This is a flow chart of the reverse signal C signal action of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.23 This is a flow chart of the parking signal D signal action of the present invention.

[0042] Fig.24 It is a self-check flow chart of the present invention.

[0043] Wherein: piston sleeve 1, piston body cavity 2, brake wheel bracket 3, brake wheel bracket crossbeam 3-1, piston sleeve rotating shaft 4, brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5, piston body 6, brake wheel 7, small spikes on the brake wheel surface 8, noodle grooves 9 at both ends of the brake wheel, brake wheel shaft 10, piston body shaft 11, brake caliper 12, inner brake caliper 12N, outer brake caliper 12W, brake caliper ridge 13, middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides, brake caliper electromagnet coil 15, inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N, outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W, parking electromagnet coil 16, electric control board 17, parking latch 18, parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity 18-1, gap between brake caliper and brake wheel 19, parking latch hole 20, parking latch return contact switch 21, parking latch return contact switch Close signal line 21-1, vent 22, four signal ABCD signal lines and feedback to instrument panel signal line 23, power supply line 24, piston solenoid coil power line 25, brake caliper solenoid coil power line 26, parking solenoid coil power line 27, piston body status infrared detector 28, piston body status infrared detector power line and signal line 28-1, brake caliper status infrared detector 29, inner brake caliper status infrared detector 29N, outer brake caliper status infrared detector 29W, brake caliper status infrared detector power line and signal line 29-1, brake caliper status infrared detector power line and inner signal line 29-1N, brake caliper status infrared detector power line and outer signal line 29-1W, bracket upper protective cover 30-1, bracket lower protective cover 30-2, piston sleeve frame protective cover 30-3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1-24 As shown, a special brake wheel system for automobile anti-skid is composed of multiple brackets, brake wheels, brake calipers, electromagnetic pistons and electromagnetic coils, and a control board. The system is characterized in that: the system is divided into four functional blocks: the piston body 6, the piston sleeve frame 1, the middle piston electromagnetic reciprocating coil 14-1 and the piston electromagnetic power coils 14-2 on both sides constitute the power functional block; the brake wheel bracket 3, the brake wheel 7, the brake caliper 12 (inner brake caliper 12N, outer brake caliper 12W), the brake caliper electromagnetic coil 15 (inner brake caliper electromagnetic coil 15N, outer brake caliper electromagnetic coil 15W) constitute the braking functional block; the parking electromagnetic coil 16, the parking latch 18, and the parking latch hole 20 constitute the parking functional block; the parking latch return contact switch 21, the piston body state infrared detector 28, the brake caliper state infrared detector 29 (inner brake caliper state infrared detector 29N, outer brake caliper state infrared detector 29W), and the electric control board 17 constitute the self-checking control functional block;

[0045] The piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 in the power function block is fixed on the vehicle body and is located above and behind the rear wheel of the vehicle. The outer end of the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 does not exceed the outer side of the vehicle body; there is a shaft sleeve on the top of the piston sleeve 1, which cooperates with the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4, and there are three parallel holes at the bottom as the piston body cavity 2, which correspond to the three piston electromagnet columns of the piston body 6 respectively. The piston sleeve 1 rotates around the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4; the piston body 6 is three parallel electromagnet columns connected at the bottom, and the connected part forms a piston body axis 11. The three electromagnet columns correspond to three electromagnet coils, namely the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, and the two side piston electromagnets on both sides. The iron power coil is 14-2, which moves in the piston body cavity 2; the three piston electromagnet coils are in the solid wall of the piston sleeve 1, the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is responsible for lifting or lowering the electromagnet 6, and the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides are responsible for increasing the downward force of the piston body 6; the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 has a small number of coils, and the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides have a large number of coils. After the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 and the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides are energized, the piston body 6 is driven to move in the piston body cavity 2, and the piston vent 22 is used to ventilate the inside and outside of the piston to balance the air pressure;

[0046] The brake wheel bracket 3 in the brake function block has three rotating shaft sleeves respectively matched with the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 fixed on the vehicle body, the piston body shaft 11 connected to the bottom of the piston body 6, and the brake wheel shaft 10; the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 are fixed on the vehicle body, and the brake wheel 7 rotates around the brake wheel shaft 10. When the piston body 6 moves downward, the brake wheel bracket 3 is pushed to rotate around the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 through the piston body shaft 11, and the brake wheel bracket 3 drives the brake wheel 7 to contact the ground through the brake wheel shaft 10. The upward movement of the piston body 6 drives the brake wheel 7 to lift off the ground; a pair of brake calipers 12 are provided on the brake wheel bracket 3, and the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 is located in the brake wheel bracket cross beam 3-1 of the brake wheel bracket 3. The empty space in the middle of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 is the operating space of the brake caliper 12, and a convex-concave structure is provided at the contact portion between the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7. A brake caliper ridge 13 is designed in the direction of the brake caliper 12 toward the brake wheel 7, and a groove matching the brake caliper ridge 13 is provided on the brake wheel 7-a brake wheel groove 9.

[0047] The braking of the brake wheel 7 mainly has three actions. The first action is to put the brake wheel 7 down and contact the ground, that is, the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is energized in the positive direction to push the piston body 6 to move downward and put the brake wheel 7 on the ground. At this time, the brake wheel 7 is rotating and cannot help braking; the second action is to stop the brake wheel 7 from rotating, and the brake caliper 12 is powered by the thrust of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15. The brake caliper 12 is tightened inward to clamp the brake wheel 7 and prevent it from rotating; the third action is to increase the pressure between the brake wheel 7 and the ground. When the ABS is started, the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides act to increase the pressure between the brake wheel 7 and the ground; there are many small spikes 8 on the surface of the brake wheel 7, about 2.5 mm, which can penetrate into the ice on the ground without damaging the road surface, so as to help braking.

[0048] The height between the bottom edge of the brake wheel 7 when in high position and the ground is the movement distance of the piston body 6, which is 100 mm-300 mm, and different models can be set according to the height of the vehicle body.

[0049] The gap 19 between the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7 is the movement distance of the brake caliper 12, that is, 10 mm.

[0050] A parking latch hole 20 is provided at the end of an electromagnet column in the middle of the piston body 6 in the parking function block, and a parking electromagnet coil 16 and a parking latch 18 are provided at the bottom of the middle cavity of the piston body cavity 2 of the piston sleeve 1 at a position corresponding to the parking latch hole 20, and the hollow part of the parking electromagnet coil 16 is the parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity 18-1.

[0051] The electric control board 17 in the self-check control function block is located on the piston sleeve frame 1 and is protected by a protective cover on the outside. The power line 24 of the electric control board 17 is connected to the vehicle battery. The four signals from the vehicle, namely the brake signal A signal, the ABS signal B signal, the reversing signal C signal, and the parking signal D signal, are connected to the electric control board 17 through the signal line 23. There is a signal line in the signal line 23 that feeds back the signal of the self-check status of the brake wheel system to the vehicle instrument panel; the parking solenoid coil power line 27 is accompanied by the parking latch return contact switch signal line 21-1, and the parking latch return contact switch 21 is located at the bottom of the parking latch solenoid coil cavity 18-1, and the parking latch solenoid coil cavity 18-1 is located in the piston body cavity 2 of the piston sleeve frame 1. The position at the bottom of the middle cavity corresponding to the parking latch hole 20 is a push-type switch, which is connected by pressing and disconnected by releasing. When the parking latch 18 is retracted, the parking latch return contact switch 21 is pressed and connected. The electronic control board 17 detects that the circuit is unobstructed and feeds back to the vehicle instrument panel, indicating that the brake system is unlocked and can continue self-inspection or normal use; if during self-inspection, the parking electromagnet coil 16 is reversely energized, and the parking latch return contact switch 21 is not pressed, it indicates that the parking latch 18 has not been retracted and is still stuck on the piston body 6 and has not been released, and the brake system cannot work normally, the parking latch return contact switch 21 is not pressed, and the electronic control board 17 feeds back to the instrument panel to indicate that the brake system (left or right) is not unlocked.

[0052] The piston electromagnet power line 25 is accompanied by the piston body state infrared detector power line and signal line 28-1, and they are separated after entering the piston body cavity 2, one for powering the piston electromagnet coil, and the other for powering and feedback signaling the piston body state infrared detector 28; the piston body state infrared detector 28 is located in the middle cavity of the piston body cavity 2, at a suitable position below the parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity 18-1 - that is, it can be exposed when the piston body 6 is extended, and is symmetrically arranged around the circumference, one is the transmitting end, and the other is the receiving end. When the piston body 6 rises to a high position, it blocks the piston body state. Infrared detector 28, the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is energized in the forward direction, the piston body 6 moves downward, and the piston body state infrared detector 28, the emitted signal is detected by the symmetrical end, and the other party's signal can be detected during self-test, indicating that the piston body 6 can be driven to lower by the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, can work, and self-test continues; otherwise, it is fed back to the electronic control board 17, and the electronic control board 17 displays to the vehicle instrument panel (left or right) that the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 cannot lower the piston body 6 normally, the self-test on this side is terminated, and the self-test on the other side continues.

[0053] The self-test of the electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides of the pistons is the same as that of the reciprocating coil 14-1 of the middle piston electromagnet.

[0054] The brake caliper electromagnet coil power line 26 is accompanied by the inner brake caliper state infrared detector power line and signal line 29-1N, and the brake caliper state infrared detector power line and signal line 29-1W. The brake caliper state infrared detector 29 (inner and outer sides, i.e., 29N and 29W) is located in the brake wheel bracket crossbeam 3-1 of the brake wheel bracket 3. When the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 is energized in the positive direction, the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W in the brake caliper 12 are tightened toward the middle, so as to clamp the brake wheel 7. The inner brake caliper state infrared detector 29N and the outer brake caliper state infrared detector 29W are connected to the brake wheel 7. There is one state infrared detector 29W each, which is responsible for the state detection of the brake caliper 12 on this side. When the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W in the brake caliper 12 are tightened, the detector is blocked. When the detector is separated, the electric control board 17 receives the blocked signal, indicating that the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W in the brake caliper 12 can be driven to work by the inner electromagnet coil 15N and the outer electromagnet coil 15W in the electromagnet coil 15. Otherwise, the electric control board 17 will feedback to the vehicle instrument panel to display (the inner or outer side of the left or right side) that the brake caliper cannot work normally and continue self-checking. After all parking latches, piston bodies, and brake calipers are detected, a test report is generated and displayed on the vehicle instrument panel (when the parking latch 18 on a certain side is not unlocked, the self-check on this side is terminated; otherwise, the self-checking continues).

[0055] The brake caliper is in an inverted "L" shape.

[0056] The brake signal A signal, ABS signal B signal, reverse signal C signal, and parking signal D signal are original vehicle signals. The brake signal A signal is the signal of pressing the brake pedal and the signal of lifting the brake pedal; the ABS signal B signal is the signal of ABS taking effect and the signal of ABS canceling effect; the reverse signal C signal is the reverse signal (engaging the reverse gear) and the reverse cancellation signal (canceling the reverse gear), and the parking signal D signal is the parking shutdown signal and the ignition start signal.

[0057] like Figure 1 The system shown is located at the rear of the rear wheel, with the upper end placed obliquely forward, the fixed axle in front, and the brake wheel in the back. This is called the rear-drag type. If the upper end is placed obliquely backward, the fixed axle is in the back, and the brake wheel is in the front, this is called the front-push type. The rear-drag type does not damage the system. When the system is put down and there is a protruding object, due to the electromagnetic force, the system components are naturally lifted up behind. If the front-push type is used, the system components may be damaged by the protruding objects on the road.

[0058] Figure 2The figure shows the normal high position state of the system (also the parking state), the piston body 6 is retracted into the piston body cavity 2, and the brake wheel 7 is lifted off the ground. The piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 are fixed on the vehicle body. The upper end of the piston sleeve 1 is connected to the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 and rotates around it, and the piston body 6 is installed at the lower end. The piston body 6 moves in and out of the piston body cavity 2 of the piston sleeve 1 under the drive of the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 or the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides. The bottoms of the three piston body columns of the piston body 6 are connected to form a piston body axis 11 connected to the brake wheel bracket 3. The brake wheel bracket 3 has a total of three shaft sleeves, one connected to the piston body axis 11 to connect the piston body 6, one connected to the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 and rotates around it, and one connected to the brake wheel shaft 10 to connect the brake wheel 7. In this way, the piston body 6 moves downward, driving the brake wheel 7 to press against the ground (by Figure 2 becomes Figure 3 As shown, the piston body 6 moves upward, driving the brake wheel 7 to lift off the ground (by Figure 3 becomes Figure 2 This is the main action of the system. The protective cover 30-1 in the figure is the upper protective cover of the bracket, which forms an upper and lower protection with the lower protective cover 30-3 of the bracket to block the dirt from the wheel. Figure 2 As shown, when the brake wheel 7 is lifted to a high position, 30-1 will come out more than 30-3, just so that the mud from the wheel cannot pollute the piston body and the connecting shaft. The lower protective cover 30-2 just blocks the mud from the wheel from polluting the brake caliper, etc.

[0059] Figure 3 The figure shows the low position state of the system when in use, i.e. the braking state, with the piston body 6 extending from the piston body cavity 2 and the brake wheel 7 contacting the ground. As shown in the figure, if there is a protrusion coming from the wheel direction, the brake wheel 7 is lifted and "rolls" along, because it is electromagnetic power, not hard power, and is relatively flexible. When there is a protrusion, the piston body shaft 11 can instantly press the piston body 6 back along the direction of the piston sleeve 1 without damaging the components. This is the advantage of the rear-drag type. If the forward push type is used (reverse the direction of the vehicle), when the height of the protrusion is less than the height of T (T is the point where the extension line from the rotating axis 5 of the brake wheel bracket to the brake wheel axis 10 intersects the circular edge of the brake wheel 7), the brake wheel 7 rotates, and the brake wheel bracket 3 may also rotate around the axis 5, and the system can pass; when the height of the protrusion is greater than the height of T and less than the radius of the brake wheel 7, the brake wheel 7 may rotate, but the brake wheel bracket 3 may not rotate. At this time, if the speed is fast, it may damage the components of the system; when the height of the protrusion is greater than the radius of the brake wheel 7, the brake wheel 7 does not rotate, and the brake wheel bracket 3 does not rotate even more. If the hardness of this protrusion is large, it will definitely damage the components of the system, so the forward push type cannot be used. There is a vent 22 at the bottom of the piston body cavity 2. In fact, the outer opening of this vent is opened inside the protective cover 30-3 to prevent mud. Figure 3The parking latch hole 20 is separated from the parking latch 18 in space as the piston body 6 moves. Figure 2 The two positions are aligned, and when parking, the latch 18 enters the latch hole 20 to lock the piston body 6 so that it does not slide down. Figure 3 The upper protective cover 30-1 does not touch the piston body 6. When braking, the sludge may contaminate the piston body 6, but the degree is very small. It only contaminates the rod of the piston body 6, and does not contaminate the connecting parts or rotating parts. There is no contamination to the brake caliper 12. The sludge may enter between the brake wheel 7 and the lower protective cover 30-2. However, when the ABS is canceled, the brake wheel 7 rotates in the clockwise direction, which will rotate and bring out some of the sludge. Figure 2 The condition will be fine.

[0060] Figure 4 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the braking function block of the system. The braking function block is to brake the brake wheel 7 so that it does not rotate. The brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 is located in the brake wheel bracket cross beam 3-1 of the brake wheel bracket 3. The horizontal part of the brake caliper 12 is in the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15, and the vertical part is located at both ends of the brake wheel 7. The brake caliper ridge 13 is located in the vertical part of the brake caliper 12 and faces the brake wheel 7. The brake wheel groove 9 is opposite to the brake caliper ridge 13. When the brake caliper ridge 13 is clamped, it is pressed into the brake wheel groove 9. There are small spikes 8 on the surface of the brake wheel 7.

[0061] Figure 5 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the braking function block of the system (in the released state, there is a gap 19 between the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7). The brake wheel bracket 3 is a triangular bracket with two sides and a brake wheel bracket crossbeam 3-1 in the middle (such as Fig.16 ), the brake wheel bracket crossbeam 3-1 is close to the brake wheel bracket rotation axis 5, and the distance between the crossbeam 3-1 and the brake wheel axle 10 is slightly larger than the radius of the brake wheel 7. The inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 are built into the crossbeam, and the two brake calipers 12, namely the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W, are built into the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W respectively. When the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 (the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W) are energized in the forward direction, the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W of the brake caliper 12 are tightened toward the middle ( Figure 6 ) state, clamping the brake wheel 7 to prevent it from rotating. In order to better brake the brake wheel 7, a convex and concave structure (such as Figure 4 , Fig.15 as shown).

[0062] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the braking function block of the system (clamping state), and there is no gap 19 between the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7.

[0063] Figure 7 The following is a schematic diagram of the braking function block of this system (release state, Figure 5 The brake caliper state infrared detector 29 is exposed and can detect each other).

[0064] Figure 8 The following is a schematic diagram of the braking function block of this system (clamping state, Figure 6 The brake caliper status infrared detector 29 is blocked and cannot detect each other).

[0065] Fig. 9 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the power function block and the parking function block of the system (parking state, high position state). The piston body 6 is located in the piston body cavity 2 of the piston sleeve frame 1, and the end of the middle column of the piston body 6 has a parking pin hole 20 (such as Fig.12 , Fig.14 As shown), there is a parking solenoid coil 16 at the bottom of the piston sleeve 1, and the parking latch 18 is built into the coil 16 and extends or retracts into the parking latch hole 20 under the drive of the coil 16. When parking, in order to prevent the brake wheel and other components from sliding down under the action of gravity, a parking function block is designed in this solution. As shown in the figure, the piston body 6 is hung by the parking latch 18, so it will not slide freely. The intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is built into the middle piston body cavity 2 of the piston sleeve 1. The number of coils of the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is small ( Fig.11 ), the power is small, the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is only responsible for lowering or lifting the brake wheel 7, and the power provided is limited. The electromagnet piston power coils 14-2 on both sides are built into the piston body cavities 2 on both sides, and the number of coils is large ( Fig.11 ), which is powerful and is responsible for increasing the force that presses the brake wheel 7 downward toward the ground. The piston body state infrared detector 28 is located in the middle of the middle piston body cavity 2 of the piston body sleeve 1, that is, when the piston body 6 is retracted, the piston body state infrared detector 28 can be blocked, and the two sensors 28 cannot receive signals from each other; when the piston body 6 is extended, the piston body state infrared detector 28 can be exposed (such as Fig.10 ), the two sensors 28 can receive signals from each other, indicating that the piston body 6 can be extended under the drive of the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 or the electromagnet piston power coils 14-2 on both sides. If it cannot be extended, it cannot assist braking and a fault will be prompted.

[0066] Fig.10The figure shows a schematic diagram of the power function block and the parking function block of the system (extended state, lowered state). In the figure, the parking latch 18 is retracted, the parking latch hole 20 is unblocked, the piston body 6 can move downward, and the piston body state infrared detector 28 is exposed, indicating that the piston body 6 can be extended for braking.

[0067] Fig.11 The schematic diagram of the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 and the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides is shown. The middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 has a small number of coils and a small power, and is only responsible for lowering or lifting the brake wheel 7; the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides have a large number of coils and a large power, and are responsible for increasing the pressure of the brake wheel 7 on the ground so that the small spikes 8 can penetrate the ground.

[0068] Fig.12 The schematic diagram of the piston body 6 is a form in which three piston bodies are connected together at the bottom, with piston body shafts 11 at both ends of the bottom, and a parking latch hole 20 at the end of the middle piston body, which is actually a groove. The middle one of the three piston bodies corresponds to the middle electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, and the two sides correspond to the two side piston electromagnet power coils 14-2. No matter which one of the middle electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 or the two side piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 can make the piston body 6 extend or retract, the only difference is the strength. The middle electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 has a smaller strength, and the two side piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 have a larger strength.

[0069] Fig.13 The figure shows the electric control board 17 and the wiring diagram. The electric control board 17 is located on the piston sleeve frame 1, and the surface is protected by a protective cover. The power supply line 24 comes from the vehicle battery. The four signal lines 23 of A, B, C, and D come from the vehicle's ordinary brake (normal brake if ABS brake is not activated) signal A, ABS brake signal B, reverse signal C, and parking signal D. The four signals are input into the electric control board 17 through the signal line 23 and judged and processed by the electric control board 17. When the parking bolt 18 is retracted, the parking bolt return contact switch 21 is pressed, and the parking bolt return contact switch signal line 21-1 is connected. The electric control board 17 judges whether the parking bolt 18 is retracted into the parking bolt electromagnetic coil chamber 18-1 according to the on or off of the signal. If it is on, it is retracted, and if it is not on, it is not retracted, and the fault will be reported to the electric control board 17. The piston state infrared detector power line and signal line 28-1 run along the piston electromagnet coil power line 25, and the piston state infrared detector power line and signal line 28-1 supply power to the piston state infrared detector 28 ( Fig. 9), the piston body state infrared detector 28 is located in the middle of the piston body cavity 2 of the three middle ones, that is, when the piston body 6 is extended, it is ensured that the detector 28 can be exposed to detect the signal. The signal line 28-1 detects a signal that indicates that the piston body 6 is extended. Otherwise, the vehicle dashboard will be fed back through the electronic control board 17 to report the fault. The brake caliper state infrared detector power line and signal line 29-1 are accompanied by the brake caliper electromagnet coil power line 26. Figure 7 Not blocked, indicating that the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W are not retracted; Figure 8 Being blocked indicates that the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W are retracted. The brake caliper state infrared detector 29 is located in the middle of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 inside the crossbeam 3-1 of the brake parking wheel bracket 3. The inner brake caliper state infrared detector 29N and the outer brake caliper state infrared detector 29W are responsible for detecting whether the inner and outer brake calipers 12 can be retracted normally. Being blocked indicates that they can be retracted. If they are not blocked, it indicates that the brake caliper 12 on this side cannot be retracted to electrically clamp the brake wheel 7 to achieve the purpose of braking. The piston electromagnet coil power line 25 has four wires, two of which supply the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, and two supply the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides. Changing the power supply direction changes the direction of the electromagnetic force, which can control the extension or retraction of the piston body 6. There are four brake caliper solenoid coil power lines 26 to supply power to the brake caliper solenoid coil 15, of which two lines supply power to the inner brake caliper solenoid coil 15N and two lines supply power to the outer brake caliper solenoid coil 15W; there are two parking solenoid coil power lines 27 to supply power to the parking solenoid coil 16.

[0070] Fig.14 The figure shows the power function block and the parking function block diagram. The piston sleeve 1 rotates around the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4, and the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 is fixed on the vehicle body. The piston body 6 has three bottom edges together, and the two ends of the bottom are the piston body axis 11. There is a parking latch hole 20 at the inner end of the middle piston body, and a parking electromagnet coil 16 is at the inner end of the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1. In the middle is the parking latch 18, which moves vertically to the paper surface under the drive of the parking electromagnet coil 16. When the piston body 6 runs to the bottom, the parking latch 18 is just inserted into the parking latch hole 20, and the piston body 6 is hung so that it does not slide down. The middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 has a small number of turns and a small power, and is responsible for lowering or retracting the piston body 6; the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides have a large number of turns and a large power, and are responsible for increasing the pressure on the ground. The inner opening of the vent 22 is opened in the piston body cavity 2, and the outer opening is opened in the protective cover 30-3, which is used to balance the internal and external air pressures.

[0071] Fig.15The figure shows the relationship between the brake caliper 12 and the brake wheel 7. The brake caliper 12 is in an inverted "L" shape, wherein the horizontal part is located in the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15, and the vertical part is located on both sides of the brake wheel 7. The vertical part of the brake caliper 12 has a brake caliper ridge 13 in the direction of the brake wheel 7, which is just opposite and matched with the noodle grooves 9 at both ends of the brake wheel to achieve effective braking. There are several small spikes 8 on the surface of the brake wheel 7, with a length of about 2.5 mm, which can penetrate into the ice on the ground without damaging the road surface, and can effectively brake.

[0072] Fig.16 The positional relationship between the brake wheel bracket 3 and the brake caliper 12 is shown. The brake wheel bracket 3 is a triangular bracket with two sides, and is connected by a brake wheel bracket cross beam 3-1 in the middle. The middle of the brake wheel bracket cross beam 3-1 is empty, and the lateral part of the brake caliper 12 is accommodated inside. The brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 surrounds the outer periphery of the lateral part of the brake caliper 12. The two brake calipers 12 move left and right under the drive of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 - the vertical part clamps or releases the brake wheel 7.

[0073] Fig.17 Shown is Fig.15 and Fig.16 combination.

[0074] Fig.18 The figure shows a three-dimensional overall schematic diagram of the present invention. The piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 are fixed on the vehicle body, and the components of the present invention rotate around these two shafts. The electric control board 17 is located on the surface of the piston sleeve 1 (actually protected by a protective cover), the power supply line 24 is drawn from the vehicle body battery, the four signals ABCD come from the vehicle body, and the signal fed back to the instrument panel is also in the signal line 23. The piston electromagnet coil power line 25 and the piston body status infrared detector power line and signal line 28-1 are accompanied by the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, the two side piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 and the piston body status infrared detector 28 in the piston sleeve 1, and the signal of the detection result is fed back to the electric control board 17 through 28-1. The parking electromagnet coil power line 27 and the parking pin return contact switch signal line 21-1 are accompanied by the piston body cavity 2 in the middle of the piston sleeve 1 ( Fig.10), supply power to the parking electromagnet coil 16 and feedback the parking latch return contact switch 21 status signal to the electric control board 17. The brake caliper electromagnet coil power line 26 is accompanied by the brake caliper state infrared detector power line and signal line 29-1. This bundle of lines must pass through a soft shell to be connected to the brake wheel bracket 3, enter the brake wheel bracket crossbeam 3-1 to provide power to the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 and the brake caliper state infrared detector 29 and feedback signal 29-1 to the electric control board 17. The piston sleeve 1 rotates around the piston sleeve rotating shaft 4, and the brake wheel bracket 3 rotates around the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5. The piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 are both fixed on the vehicle body. The piston body 6 is extended or retracted under the push of the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, driving the brake wheel bracket 3 to rotate around the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5, so that the brake wheel 7 is pressed against the ground or lifted off the ground. During the process, when the brake caliper 12 is tightened inward or relaxed outward under the push of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15, the brake wheel 7 is clamped or released, even if the brake wheel 7 rotates or does not rotate; in order to achieve the braking effect, a small spike 8 with a length of about 2.5 mm is arranged on the surface of the brake wheel 7, and noodle-shaped grooves 9 at both ends of the brake wheel 7 are arranged at both ends of the brake wheel 7, and a brake caliper ridge 13 is arranged in the direction of the brake caliper 12 toward the brake wheel 7, so that the noodle-shaped grooves 9 at both ends of the brake wheel just match the brake caliper ridge 13, thereby increasing the braking effect; at the same time, the piston electromagnet power coil 14-2 pushes the piston body 6 to increase the downward force, so that the small spike 8 on the brake wheel 7 penetrates into the ice on the ground, thereby effectively braking.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] Fig.19 The following are the conditions of the four types of signal A of the system: when normal braking (normal braking means braking without activating ABS), the normal braking signal A is input into the electric control board 17 via the signal line 23, and the electric control board 17 issues a command for the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 to be energized in the forward direction, and the piston body 6 moves downward under the action of the electromagnetic force (the electromagnetic force generated by the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is not large, which is enough to make the brake wheel 7 contact the ground) (the piston body moves upward when the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is reversely energized, and the direction of the piston body movement changes when the energization direction is changed), pushing the brake wheel 7 to contact the ground. Because the brake wheel 7 is not braked, the brake wheel 7 is in a rotatable state. At this time, the brake wheel 7 is in rolling contact with the ground (i.e., the Figure 2 becomes Figure 3 If the braking purpose is achieved at this time, that is, the braking is completed without activating the ABS (if the ABS is activated, it will enter Fig. 20When the brake pedal is lifted, that is, the brake signal A is canceled, the electric control board 17 receives the brake cancellation signal, and issues a command to reversely energize the intermediate piston body reciprocating coil 14-1, driving the piston body 6 to move upward, driving the brake wheel 7 to lift off the ground and return to the high position (i.e., by Figure 3 becomes Figure 2 State). In plain words: step on the brake (without ABS), the brake wheel 7 is lowered to touch the ground, and the brake pedal is lifted, and the brake wheel 7 returns to the high position. In this process, the system does not help with braking, which means that the vehicle is fully controlled - safe.

[0077] Fig. 20 The figure shows the braking conditions of ABS activated by the four types of signals B in this system: Although it is an ABS process, it is actually still based on ordinary braking. Because ABS must be activated when ordinary braking fails to achieve the expected purpose, ABS activation must be later than (but definitely not earlier than) ordinary braking, that is, B signal must be generated later than A signal (even if the interval is very short, there is an interval). When the electronic control board 17 receives the brake signal A, it sends out the first instruction: the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is energized in the forward direction, and the piston body 6 moves downward, driving the brake wheel 7 to contact the ground. This is the extension action to be completed by this instruction. ABS is immediately activated during ordinary braking (if ABS is not activated, it is Fig.19 Flow), the electronic control board 17 receives the ABS start signal B, and then issues the second instruction: the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 is energized in the forward direction (the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N drives the inner brake caliper 12N, and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W drives the outer brake caliper 12W), driving the brake caliper 12 (inner brake caliper 12N, outer brake caliper 12W) to tighten the brake wheel 7 inwards so that it does not rotate (such as Figure 6 In order to better brake the brake wheel 7, a brake caliper ridge 13 is designed at the portion where the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W of the brake caliper 12 contact the brake wheel 7 ( Figure 5 , Figure 6 ), a strip groove 9 is designed at the corresponding part of the brake wheel 7 ( Figure 4 , Fig.15 ), the convex and concave mesh together to achieve effective braking. The first instruction is to lower the brake wheel 7 to make contact with the ground, and the second instruction is to prevent the brake wheel 7 from rotating. However, if it does not rotate, it cannot brake effectively because the brake wheel 7 is not pressed against the ground and can be said to be floating lightly on the ground. The third instruction issued: the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides are energized in the forward direction. The function of this coil is to increase the electromagnetic force so that the piston body 6 drives the brake wheel 7 to press against the ground with great force. The brake wheel 7 does not rotate and is pressed against the ground with great force. However, if the brake wheel 7 is smooth, it cannot brake effectively. Therefore, this scheme designs small spikes 8 ( Figure 4, Fig.15 ), the length of the small spike 8 is about 2.5 mm, which can penetrate the ice surface (most of the slippery roads are ice surfaces) without damaging the road surface. So far, effective braking is completed. At this time, the state is: ABS signal B signal and brake signal A signal exist at the same time. Next, there are two situations: the first situation is that the ABS signal B signal and A signal are cancelled at the same time; the second situation is: the ABS signal B signal is cancelled, but the ordinary brake signal A signal still exists. In the first case, the electric control board 17 issues three instructions: the first instruction reverses the power supply of the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 (the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W), and the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W of the brake caliper 12 separate, and the brake on the brake wheel 7 is released, so that it can rotate. At this time, the brake wheel 7 is in rolling contact with the ground; the second instruction cancels the power supply of the piston electromagnet power coil 14-2 on both sides, and the large downward force on the piston body 6 is canceled. The small spikes 8 on the brake wheel 7 cannot penetrate the ice surface and keep in light contact with the ground. Because the first instruction is to release the rotation brake on the brake wheel 7, after the two instructions, the brake wheel 7 can rotate and is not pressed against the ground. The third instruction reverses the power supply of the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, and the piston body 6 moves upward, driving the brake wheel 7 to lift off the ground and return to a high position. This is the first situation, that is, the ABS signal B signal and the A signal are cancelled at the same time, the brake wheel 7 is lifted off the ground and returns to the high position, completing an auxiliary braking cycle. The second situation is: the ABS signal B signal is cancelled, but the ordinary brake signal A signal still exists. This situation turns into Fig.21 .

[0078] Fig.21 The following is a diagram showing the braking situation of the four types of signals in this system: B signal ABS is activated. Fig. 20), the electronic control board 17 also sends out three instructions: the first instruction reversely energizes the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 (the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil 15W), and the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W of the brake caliper 12 separate to release the brake on the brake wheel 7, so that it can rotate. At this time, the brake wheel 7 is in rolling contact with the ground; the second instruction cancels the power supply of the piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides, and the large downward force on the piston body 6 is canceled. The small spikes 8 on the brake wheel 7 cannot penetrate the ice surface and maintain a light contact with the ground. Because the first instruction is to release the rotation brake on the brake wheel 7, after the two instructions, the brake wheel 7 can rotate and is no longer pressed against the ground. The third instruction keeps the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 energized (because the brake pedal is not lifted), and the brake wheel 7 maintains rolling contact with the ground (the difference between the second situation and the first situation is that in the second situation, the brake wheel 7 rolls on the ground and is not lifted off the ground, while in the first situation, the brake wheel 7 is lifted off the ground). The reason for this state is that the brake pedal is not lifted. If the brake pedal is not lifted, the brake wheel 7 will always be dragged on the ground. When the brake pedal is lifted, the brake signal A signal is canceled, and the electronic control board 17 receives it and issues an instruction to reverse the power supply of the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, and the piston body 6 is retracted upward, driving the brake wheel 7 to lift off the ground and return to a high position, completing an auxiliary brake.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] Fig. 22The four signal reversing signal C signals of this system are shown. When the vehicle is in reverse gear, the reversing signal C signal is generated. The electronic control board 17 issues a command after receiving it. There are three situations in total. The first situation: it is a simple reversing (without braking). In this case, the electronic control board 17 does not issue any command and does not produce any action. In fact, there are very few times when you do not step on the brake when reversing, or even no time. The second situation: when you step on the brake when reversing, that is, the ordinary brake signal A signal appears during the process of the C signal. The electronic control board 17 does not issue any command after receiving it. That is, you step on the brake during the reversing process. As long as the ABS signal B signal is not activated, the electronic control board 17 will not issue any command. The third situation: when you step on the brake when reversing, and at the same time activate the ABS brake, the electronic control board 17 will issue two commands at the same time after receiving it. One instruction is that the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 (the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil) is energized in the forward direction, and the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W of the brake caliper 12 tighten and clamp the brake wheel 7 so that it does not rotate; the other instruction is to directly start the piston electromagnet power coil 14-2 on both sides to energize in the forward direction, increase the downward force, drive the brake wheel 7 to press against the ground, and at the same time, the small spikes 8 on the brake wheel 7 pierce into the ice on the ground, the brake wheel 7 does not rotate, and then presses against the ground with great force, thus forming an effective brake. If the ABS signal B signal is cancelled when reversing, the ordinary brake signal A signal is forced to be cancelled, and the electric control board 17 sends two instructions after receiving it: one instruction is that the brake caliper electromagnet coil 15 (the inner brake caliper electromagnet coil 15N and the outer brake caliper electromagnet coil) is energized in the reverse direction, and the inner brake caliper 12N and the outer brake caliper 12W of the brake caliper 12 release the brake wheel 7 so that it can rotate freely. Another instruction is that the power coils 14-2 of the piston electromagnets on both sides are de-energized while the reciprocating coils 14-1 of the middle piston electromagnets are energized in the reverse direction, and the piston body 6 moves upward, driving the brake wheel 7 to lift up and return to the high position. At this time, the reverse signal C signal still exists, and the reverse is continued. When the reverse is stopped, that is, the reverse gear is exited, the electric control board 17 does not issue any instructions.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Fig.23The four signal parking signal D signal situations of this system are shown. When parking (after the car key is dialed out or the ignition key is pressed, the vehicle returns each system to its original position, that is, closing the windows, turning off the lights, etc.), the electronic control board 17 receives this signal and issues the first instruction to reversely energize the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1, driving the piston body 6 to move upward, so that the latch hole 20 is aligned with the latch 18. After an interval of 3 seconds, the electronic control board 17 issues the second instruction to forwardly energize the parking electromagnet coil 16, and the parking latch 18 extends into the parking latch hole 20 to hook the piston body 6 and prevent it from sliding down, that is, to keep the brake wheel 7 at a high position and prevent it from sliding down. After the vehicle dials out the key (presses the ignition key), the vehicle still has a short time to shut down each system, and the D signal processing flow of this system is completed using this time window. When the vehicle is ignited and started, the electronic control board 17 receives the ignition start signal, that is, the parking signal D is cancelled, and then issues an instruction to enter the self-test program. After the self-check is normal, the electronic control board 17 issues a command to reversely energize the parking solenoid coil 16, and the parking latch 18 is retracted into the parking latch solenoid coil chamber 18-1, so as to prepare for the system to assist in braking.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] Fig.24 The self-test process of this system is shown. Only when this system works normally can it help brake, so the self-test procedure is necessary. When the vehicle is ignited and started, the electric control board 17 issues a command to reversely energize the parking electromagnet 16, and the parking latch 18 is retracted into the parking latch electromagnetic coil chamber 18-1. The parking latch 18 presses the parking latch return contact switch 21, and the switch 21 is pressed and turned on. After receiving it, the electric control board 17 determines that the piston body 6 can be extended. If it is not pressed and turned on, the electric control board 17 terminates the self-test after receiving it, and returns to the vehicle instrument panel to display the corresponding fault. After the self-test passes here, the electric control board 17 issues four commands. Command 1: The intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is energized in the forward direction, and the piston body 6 moves downward, exposing the piston body status infrared detector 28. The detection passes, otherwise it is returned to the vehicle instrument panel through the electric control board 17 to display the corresponding fault. Instruction 2: The middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 is energized in the reverse direction, the piston body 6 moves upward, and the piston body 6 is retracted to the high position, blocking the piston body status infrared detector 28. Instruction 3: The piston electromagnet power coils 14-2 on both sides are energized in the forward direction, the piston body 6 moves downward, and the piston body status infrared detector 28 is exposed. If the detection is passed, otherwise, it will be returned to the vehicle instrument panel through the electronic control board 17 to display the corresponding fault. Instruction 4: The coil 15 is energized in the forward direction, the brake caliper 12 is tightened inward, and the brake caliper status infrared detector 29 (inner brake caliper status infrared detector 29N, outer brake caliper status infrared detector 29W) is blocked. If the self-test procedure fails, it will not affect the vehicle's driving, but the auxiliary braking function cannot be used.

[0085] This system helps with braking, and the brake wheel 7 and the like do not bear the task of supporting the vehicle, but simply bear the task of assisting the vehicle in braking. This system is an independent and dedicated brake wheel, which does not participate in the original braking system of the vehicle, but uses the original four signals of the vehicle (A, B, C, and D signals). The width is divided into narrow body (120 mm) and wide body (210 mm), and the length is divided into large, medium, and small models, with a total of 6 models. Select the appropriate model according to the vehicle situation, and the number of installations is consistent with the number of tires on the rear vehicle. This device is installed on the body structure above the rear wheel of the vehicle body, and the outer side does not exceed the width of the vehicle body. The piston sleeve rotating shaft 4 and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft 5 are fixed to the body structure, and this device rotates around these two axes. After the vehicle is ignited and started, a self-test procedure is performed, and it can be used after passing it. When the brake is pressed during driving, the brake wheel 7 is placed on the ground without applying downward force, but just lightly touching the ground; when the ABS is activated, the brake wheel 7 does not rotate but applies downward force to pierce the small spike 8 into the ice on the ground to effectively brake; when the ABS disappears, the brake pedal may not be lifted up at this time, so the system cancels the downward force, and the brake wheel 7 can rotate but is not lifted off the ground; when the brake pedal is lifted, the brake wheel 7 is lifted off the ground to a high position, thus completing an assisted braking process.

[0086] When reversing, if the reverse gear is engaged and the brake is not applied, the system will not have any action. It is very rare that the car does not brake when reversing. The car will stop after reversing and braking. If the car brakes normally when reversing and the ABS is not activated when braking, the system will not have any action. If the ABS is activated when braking, the brake wheel 7 will be lowered without rotating and pushed down with great force (this process omits the process of lowering the car to the ground without increasing the downward force), so that the small spike 8 will pierce the ice on the ground to help brake. When the ABS signal is cancelled, even if the brake is still applied at this time, the brake wheel 7 will be directly lifted off the ground to a high position. That is to say, when the brake is applied when reversing, the brake wheel 7 will be lowered and help brake when the ABS is activated, and the brake wheel will be lifted to a high position when the ABS is cancelled.

[0087] When parking, the electric control board 17 instructs the intermediate piston electromagnet reciprocating coil 14-1 to retract the piston body 6 and lift the brake wheel 7 to a high position; the electric control board 17 instructs the parking electromagnet coil 16 to push out the parking latch 18 to clamp the piston body 6 so that it does not slide down, that is, the brake wheel 7 is clamped in a high position.

[0088] When the vehicle is ignited and started, a self-check procedure is first performed. After the self-check is passed, the electronic control board 17 instructs the parking solenoid coil 16 to retract the parking latch 18, release the piston body 6, cancel the lock on the brake wheel 7, and be ready to brake at any time.

[0089] Check whether the system status is normal through the self-test program.

Claims

1. A special anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles, consisting of multiple brackets, brake wheels, brake calipers, electromagnetic pistons and electromagnetic coils, and a control panel, characterized in that: The system is divided into four functional blocks: the piston body, piston sleeve, and piston electromagnet coil constitute the power functional block; the brake wheel bracket, brake wheel, brake caliper, and brake caliper electromagnet coil constitute the braking functional block; the parking electromagnet coil, parking latch, and parking latch hole constitute the parking functional block; the parking latch return contact switch, piston body status infrared detector, brake caliper status infrared detector, and electronic control board constitute the self-check control functional block; The piston sleeve frame rotating shaft in the functional block is fixed on the vehicle body and is located above the rear wheel of the vehicle, and the outer end of the piston sleeve frame rotating shaft does not exceed the outer side of the vehicle body; there is a shaft sleeve on the top of the piston sleeve frame, which cooperates with the piston sleeve frame rotating shaft, and there are three parallel holes at the bottom as the piston body cavity, which correspond to the three piston electromagnet columns of the piston body respectively, and the piston sleeve frame rotates around the piston sleeve frame rotating shaft; the piston body is three parallel electromagnet columns connected at the bottom, and the connected parts form the piston body axis. The three electromagnet columns correspond to three electromagnet coils respectively, and move in the piston body cavity; the three piston electromagnet coils are in the solid wall of the piston sleeve frame, and the middle one is the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil. The piston electromagnet reciprocating coil is responsible for lifting or lowering the electromagnet, and the piston electromagnet power coils on both sides are responsible for increasing the downward force of the piston body; the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil has a small number of coils, and the piston electromagnet power coils on both sides have a large number of coils. After the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil and the piston electromagnet power coil are energized, the piston body is driven to move in the piston body cavity, and the piston vent is used to ventilate the piston inside and outside to balance the air pressure; The brake wheel bracket in the brake function block has three rotating shaft sleeves, which respectively cooperate with the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft fixed on the vehicle body, the piston body shaft connected to the bottom of the piston body, and the brake wheel shaft; the piston sleeve bracket rotating shaft and the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft are fixed on the vehicle body, and the brake wheel rotates around the brake wheel shaft. When the piston body moves downward, the brake wheel bracket is pushed to rotate around the brake wheel bracket rotating shaft through the piston body shaft, and the brake wheel bracket drives the brake wheel to contact the ground through the brake wheel shaft, and the upward movement of the piston body drives the brake wheel to lift off the ground; a pair of brake calipers are provided on the brake wheel bracket, and the brake caliper electromagnet coil is located in the brake wheel bracket crossbeam of the brake wheel bracket. The empty space in the middle of the brake caliper electromagnet coil is the brake caliper operating space, and a convex-concave structure is provided at the position where the brake caliper contacts the brake wheel in the direction of the brake wheel, a brake caliper ridge is designed on the brake caliper, and a groove matching the brake caliper ridge, i.e., a brake wheel groove, is provided on the brake wheel; A parking latch hole is provided at the end of the electromagnet column in the middle of the piston body in the parking function block, and a parking electromagnet coil and a parking latch are provided at the bottom of the middle cavity of the piston body cavity of the piston sleeve corresponding to the parking latch hole, and the parking electromagnet coil is surrounded outside the parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity; The electric control board in the self-check control function block is located on the piston sleeve frame and is protected by a protective cover on the outside. The power line of the electric control board is connected to the vehicle battery. The four signals from the vehicle, namely the brake signal A signal, the ABS signal B signal, the reversing signal C signal, and the parking signal D signal, are connected to the electric control board through signal lines. One of the signal lines feeds back the signal of the self-check status of the brake wheel system to the vehicle instrument panel; the power line of the parking solenoid coil runs along with the signal line of the parking latch return contact switch. The parking latch return contact switch is located at the bottom of the parking latch solenoid coil cavity, and the parking latch solenoid coil cavity is located in the middle of the piston body cavity of the piston sleeve frame. The position at the bottom of the cavity corresponding to the parking latch hole is a push-type switch, which is connected by pressing and disconnected by releasing. When the parking latch is retracted, the parking latch return contact switch is pressed and connected. The electronic control board detects that the circuit is unobstructed and feeds back to the vehicle instrument panel, indicating that the brake system is unlocked and can continue self-checking or normal use; if the parking solenoid coil is reversely energized during the self-check, and the parking latch return contact switch is not pressed, it means that the parking latch has not been retracted and is still stuck on the piston body and has not been released. The brake system cannot work normally. The parking latch return contact switch is not pressed, and the electronic control board feeds back to the instrument panel to indicate that the brake system is not unlocked; The piston electromagnet power line runs along with the piston body status infrared detector power line and signal line, and separates after entering the piston body cavity, one to power the piston electromagnet coil, and the other to power and feedback the piston body status infrared detector; the piston body status infrared detector is located in the middle cavity of the piston body cavity and below the parking latch electromagnetic coil cavity, and is symmetrically arranged around the circumference, one is the transmitting end and the other is the receiving end, when the piston body rises to a high position, it blocks the piston body status infrared detector, the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil is energized in the forward direction, the piston body moves downward, and the piston body status infrared detector is exposed, and the emitted signal is detected by the symmetrical end, and the other party's signal can be detected during self-test, indicating that the piston body can be driven down by the piston electromagnet reciprocating coil, can work, and the self-test continues; otherwise, it is fed back to the electronic control board, and the electronic control board displays the left or right on the vehicle dashboard. If the reciprocating coil of the piston electromagnet cannot lower the piston body normally, the self-inspection on this side will be terminated and the self-inspection on the other side will continue; the power line of the brake caliper electromagnet coil is accompanied by the power line and signal line of the brake caliper status infrared detector. The brake caliper status infrared detector is located in the brake wheel bracket crossbeam of the brake wheel bracket. When the brake caliper electromagnet coil is energized in the forward direction and the brake caliper is tightened toward the middle, the brake wheel can be clamped. There is one detector on the inside and one on the outside, which are responsible for the status detection of the brake caliper on this side respectively. When the brake caliper is tightened, the detector is blocked, and when it is separated, the detector is exposed. The electronic control board receives the blocked signal indicating that the brake caliper can be driven to work by the electromagnet coil. Otherwise, it will be fed back to the vehicle instrument panel through the electronic control board to show that the left or right inner or outer brake caliper cannot work normally and continue self-inspection; all parking pins, piston bodies, and brake calipers are inspected and a test report is generated to be displayed on the vehicle instrument panel.

2. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake wheel brake has three main actions. The first action is to put the brake wheel down and contact the ground, that is, the middle piston electromagnet reciprocating coil is energized in the positive direction to push the piston body downward to put the brake wheel on the ground. At this time, the brake wheel is rotating and cannot help braking; the second action is to stop the brake wheel from rotating. The brake caliper relies on the brake caliper electromagnet coil to provide power movement. The brake caliper tightens inward to clamp the brake wheel and prevent it from rotating; the third action is to increase the pressure between the brake wheel and the ground. When ABS is started, the piston electromagnet power coils on both sides drive the piston body to increase the downward force, so that the pressure between the brake wheel and the ground is greater; there are many small spikes on the surface of the brake wheel, about 2.5 mm, which can penetrate into the ice on the ground without damaging the road surface, so as to help braking.

3. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The height between the bottom edge of the brake wheel in the high position and the ground is the movement distance of the piston body, which is 100 mm to 300 mm.

4. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The gap between the brake caliper and the brake wheel, that is, the gap between the ridge of the brake caliper and the brake wheel, is the movement distance of the brake caliper, that is, 10 mm.

5. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The self-test of the power coils of the piston electromagnets on both sides is the same as that of the reciprocating coil of the middle piston electromagnet.

6. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal line is divided into an inner signal line and an outer signal line; the brake caliper state infrared detector is divided into an inner brake caliper state infrared detector and an outer brake caliper state infrared detector.

7. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake caliper is divided into a left side and a right side.

8. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake caliper electromagnet coil is divided into a left side and a right side.

9. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake caliper is in an inverted "L" shape.

10. The anti-skid brake wheel system for automobiles according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake signal A signal, ABS signal B signal, reversing signal C signal, and parking signal D signal are original vehicle signals. The brake signal A signal is the signal of pressing the brake pedal and the signal of lifting the brake pedal; the ABS signal B signal is the signal of ABS taking effect and the signal of ABS canceling effect; the reversing signal C signal is the reversing signal and the reversing cancellation signal, and the parking signal D signal is the parking shutdown signal and the ignition start signal.

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