A patch antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a patch antenna, which belongs to the field of communication technology. The patch antenna of the present invention comprises a dielectric substrate and a feeding component, wherein the feeding component runs through the dielectric substrate, and one end of the feeding component extends to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric substrate is provided with: a first radiating plate, wherein the first radiating plate is arranged on the first surface of the dielectric substrate; and a second radiating plate, wherein the second radiating plate is arranged on the second surface of the dielectric substrate; wherein the first radiating plate and the second radiating plate are electrically connected through a first conductive component, and the first radiating plate or the second radiating plate is electrically connected to the feeding component. The patch antenna of the present invention can meet the requirements of low profile, low cost and light weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a patch antenna. Background Art

[0002] Common measurement antennas include patch antennas, helical antennas and vibrator antennas. Compared with helical antennas and vibrator antennas, patch antennas have the advantages of low profile, easy manufacturing and high processing precision, and are therefore widely used.

[0003] Most existing patch antennas are single-frequency antennas, including a dielectric substrate, a radiating plate, and a feeding probe, wherein the radiating plate is arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the feeding probe passes through the dielectric substrate and extends to the surface of the radiating plate. With the rapid development of antennas, the requirements for antennas are getting higher and higher, requiring not only patch antennas to be able to meet different frequency bands, but also patch antennas to have the characteristics of low profile, low cost, and light weight.

[0004] At present, in order to meet the requirements of different frequency bands, patch antennas generally add another radiator on the radiator. The two radiators are used to generate different resonant frequencies. Correspondingly, each radiator is independently equipped with accessories such as feeding probes and feeding networks. However, although this implementation method meets the requirements of different frequency bands, it is difficult to meet the requirements of low profile, low cost and light weight of patch antennas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a patch antenna that meets two different frequency bands, which has the advantages of low profile, low cost and light weight.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides a patch antenna, including a dielectric substrate and a feeding component, wherein the feeding component penetrates the dielectric substrate, one end of the feeding component extends to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric substrate is provided with:

[0007] a first radiation sheet, the first radiation sheet being arranged on a first surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0008] a second radiation sheet, the second radiation sheet being arranged on the second surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0009] The first radiation plate is electrically connected to the second radiation plate through a first conductive component, and the first radiation plate or the second radiation plate is electrically connected to the feeding component.

[0010] Optionally, if the second radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component, then:

[0011] The first surface is provided with a first insulating area, the insulating area is provided inside the first radiation plate, the feeding component is located in the first insulating area, a conductive area covering the feeding component is also provided in the first insulating area, a second conductive component is provided in the conductive area, and the second conductive component electrically connects the conductive area with the second radiation plate.

[0012] Optionally, there are multiple first conductive components, and the multiple first conductive components are respectively arranged along the circumference of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate, so that the second radiation plate and the first radiation plate located on the inner side of the multiple first conductive components constitute a first radiation unit, and the second radiation plate and the first radiation plate located on the outer side of the multiple first conductive components constitute a second radiation unit, wherein the first radiation unit generates a resonant frequency of a first frequency band, and the second radiation unit generates a resonant frequency of a second frequency band.

[0013] Optionally, a first tuning branch is provided on a side of the first radiation sheet facing the feeding component, and the first tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation unit;

[0014] A second tuning branch is provided on a side of the first radiation plate away from the feeding component, and the second tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation unit.

[0015] Optionally, if the first radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component, then:

[0016] On the first surface, the feeding component is located in the area where the first radiation sheet is located, and is electrically connected to the first radiation sheet;

[0017] The second surface has a second insulating region, the second insulating region is arranged inside the second radiation plate, and the feeding component is located in the second insulating region.

[0018] Optionally, there are multiple first conductive components, and the multiple first conductive components are respectively arranged along the circumferential direction of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate, so that the parts of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate located on the inner sides of the multiple first conductive components constitute a first radiation unit, and the parts of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate located on the outer sides of the multiple first conductive components constitute a second radiation unit, wherein the first radiation unit generates a resonant frequency of a first frequency band, and the second radiation unit generates a resonant frequency of a second frequency band.

[0019] Optionally, a first tuning branch is provided on a side of the second radiation sheet facing the feeding component, and the first tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation unit;

[0020] A second tuning branch is provided on a side of the second radiation plate away from the feeding component, and the second tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation unit.

[0021] Optionally, a plurality of choke strips are further provided on the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the plurality of choke strips are circumferentially arranged around the first radiation plate and maintain a preset distance between the choke strips and the first radiation plate.

[0022] Optionally, a plurality of metal columns corresponding to the plurality of choke strips are further provided on the dielectric substrate, the metal columns penetrate the dielectric substrate, and one end of the metal column is located in the area where the choke strips are located.

[0023] Optionally, the metal column is located in the front half of the corresponding choke strip in the clockwise direction.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The present invention provides a patch antenna, wherein a first radiating plate and a second radiating plate are respectively arranged on a first surface and a second surface of the same dielectric substrate, and the first radiating plate and the second radiating plate are electrically connected through a first conductive component, and a feeding signal is fed into the first radiating plate and the second radiating plate through a feeding component to generate resonant frequencies of different frequency bands. The patch antenna of the present invention uses the same dielectric substrate and feeding component to generate multiple frequency bands. Compared with a single-frequency patch antenna, the size of the antenna does not need to be increased, and the number of components does not increase significantly. Therefore, the requirements of low profile, low cost and light weight can be met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The advantages of the above and / or additional aspects of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 is a top view of a patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a bottom view of a patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a side view of a patch antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a top view of a patch antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a bottom view of a patch antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-frequency patch antenna commonly used in the prior art.

[0033] in Figures 1 to 6 The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0034] 1. Dielectric substrate; 2. Feed component; 3. First radiation plate; 4. Second radiation plate; 5. First conductive component; 6. Second conductive component; 7. Choke strip; 8. Metal column; 10. First surface; 11. Second surface; 12. First insulating region; 13. Conductive region; 14. Second insulating region; 30. First tuning branch; 31. Second tuning branch; 900. Dielectric substrate; 910. First radiation unit; 920. First feeding component; 930. Second radiation unit; 940. Second feeding component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 An embodiment of the present invention provides a patch antenna, including a dielectric substrate 1 and a feeding component 2. The feeding component 2 passes through the dielectric substrate 1 and extends to the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. A first radiating plate 3 and a second radiating plate 4 are arranged on the dielectric substrate 1. The first radiating plate 3 is arranged on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1, and the second radiating plate 4 is arranged on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1. The first radiating plate 3 or the second radiating plate 4 is electrically connected to the feeding component 2, and the first radiating plate 3 and the second radiating plate 4 are connected via a first conductive component 5.

[0037] The patch antenna of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the first radiating plate 3 and the second radiating plate 4 to generate resonant frequencies of two different frequency bands to meet the demand for multi-frequency. At the same time, the patch antenna as a whole realizes two different frequency bands through the same dielectric substrate and feeding component support. The size of the patch antenna can basically remain unchanged compared to the single-frequency patch antenna. Therefore, it can meet the requirements of low profile, low cost and light weight.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the patch antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 3In the first embodiment, the feeding component 2 is electrically connected to the second radiation sheet 4. In this embodiment, the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1 has a first insulating region 12, and the first insulating region 12 is arranged inside the first radiation sheet 3, so that the inner region of the first radiation sheet 3 is an insulating region. The feeding component 2 is located in the first insulating region 12, and a conductive region 13 covering the feeding component 2 is also arranged in the first insulating region 12. A second conductive component 6 is arranged at the edge of the conductive region 13, and the second conductive component 6 is used to electrically connect the feeding component 2 and the second radiation sheet 4.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present invention, one end of the feeding component 2 away from the dielectric substrate 1 serves as a signal feeding end, and the fed signal is fed into one end of the feeding component 2 located on the first surface 10 along the feeding component 2, and then transmitted to the second radiating plate 4 through the conductive area 13 and the second conductive component 6 in sequence, and then transmitted to the first radiating plate 3 through the first conductive component 5. On the first radiating plate 3, the signal forms a shunt node at the position of the first conductive component 5, a part of the signal flows to the outside of the first radiating plate 3 away from the feeding component 2, and is radiated through the part of the first radiating plate 3, and another part of the signal flows to the inside of the first radiating plate 3 toward the feeding component 2, and is radiated through the part of the first radiating plate 3. At this time, the second radiating plate 4 and the part of the first radiating plate 3 located on the inner side of the first conductive component 5 constitute a first radiating unit, and the second radiating plate 4 and the part of the first radiating plate 3 located on the outer side of the first conductive component 5 constitute a second radiating unit, wherein the first radiating unit is used to generate a resonant frequency in the first frequency band, and the second radiating unit is used to generate a resonant frequency in the second frequency band. From the antenna signal flow, it can be found that the patch antenna of the embodiment of the present invention does not simply provide the first radiation plate 3 on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1 and the second radiation plate 4 on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1 to meet the requirements of generating resonant frequencies of different frequency bands, but also uses the same feeding component 2 to feed signals to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit at the same time. Those skilled in the art should know that when applied, the feeding component 2 is used as a transmission component for feeding signals, and the signal feeding end of the feeding component 2 will also be connected to the feeding network, low-noise amplifier circuit and other structures. In order to make the first radiation plate 3 and the second radiation plate 4 generate resonant frequencies of different frequency bands respectively, the conventional technical means is to respectively equip the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit with a set of low-noise amplifier circuits, feeding networks, and feeding components 2, while in the embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit can generate resonant frequencies of different frequency bands through the same feeding component 2. Therefore, only one set of feeding networks, low-noise amplifier circuits and feeding components 2 are needed to meet the requirements. It can be seen that the patch antenna of the embodiment of the present invention is simpler in structure, lower in cost and lighter in weight than the traditional patch antenna with multiple frequency bands.

[0041] The patch antenna has the characteristic of high resonant Q value when radiating, which causes the disadvantage of narrow working frequency band. Thickening the dielectric substrate can be used to increase the working bandwidth, but the thicker dielectric substrate will excite the dielectric surface wave, reduce the radiation efficiency of the patch antenna, and greatly increase the material cost of the antenna. The patch antenna using air dielectric can eliminate the influence of dielectric surface wave while expanding the antenna bandwidth. As in this embodiment, the natural air under the dielectric substrate 1 is used as the medium of the antenna, one end of the feeding component 2 is connected to the feeding network, passes through the natural air to reach the dielectric substrate 1 and extends through the dielectric substrate 1 to the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. The dielectric substrate 1 can be selected as a substrate material with insulating properties. In this embodiment, the first insulating area 12 can be formed by the surface material of the dielectric substrate 1 itself, and the conductive area 13 can be selected to be formed by copper plating on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0042] The feeding component 2 can be selected as a metal probe, which is used to transmit the feeding signal, and one end of the metal probe is connected to the conductive area 13 on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. Optionally, the conductive area 13 is formed by copper cladding on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. The feeding component 2 is welded to the conductive area 13, and the other end of the feeding component 2 is used to connect the feeding network. In this embodiment, the number of the feeding components 2 can be selected as 4 or a multiple of 4, and the multiple feeding components 2 are evenly arranged around the center of the patch antenna, and the feeding network connected to the multiple feeding components 2 can be selected as a 90-degree phase-shifted feeding network. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, a plurality of feeding components 2 feed the signal into the conductive area 13, and the signal therefore flows through the second conductive component 6, the second radiation plate 4, and the first conductive component 5, and finally flows into the first radiation plate 3, and forms a shunt node on the first radiation plate 3 and radiates to generate resonant frequencies of two different frequency bands. It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a group of feeding components 2 are used to feed the signal, and finally form signals of two frequency bands. Compared with the traditional patch antenna forming multi-frequency method, the number of feeding components 2 is significantly reduced, and therefore the cost is lower and the weight is lighter.

[0043] The first radiation sheet 3 may be formed by copper coating on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. Of course, the first radiation sheet 3 may also be formed by coating other conductive materials on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1, or may be a metal conductive material or a non-metal conductive material pasted on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. In this embodiment, the first radiation sheet 3 may be selected to be an annular structure, the feeding component 2 is located within the inner circle of the annular structure of the first radiation sheet 3, and the first insulating region 12 is formed by the material of the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 2. Of course, the annular structure selected by the first radiation sheet 3 is not limited to a circular ring, and it may also be a structure with an outer contour or an inner contour in a rectangular or other shape. Overall, it has the characteristics of an annular structure.

[0044] The second radiation sheet 4 can be made of the same material as the first radiation sheet 3. In this embodiment, on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1, the second radiation sheet 4 is not directly electrically connected to the feeding component 2, that is, on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1, the second radiation sheet 4 is insulated from the feeding component 2. Figure 2 A second insulating region 14 covering the position of the feeding component 2 is provided on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1, and the second insulating region 14 is located within the range of the second radiation plate 4, so as to isolate the feeding component 2 from the second radiation plate 4 on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1. Isolating the feeding component 2 from the second radiation plate 4 on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1 can ensure that the feeding signal is transmitted in the feeding component 2.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the signal flows through the feeding component 2, the conductive area 13, the second radiation plate 4, and the first radiation plate 3 in sequence, wherein the conductive area 13 and the second radiation plate 4 are electrically connected through the second conductive component 6, and the second radiation plate 4 and the first radiation plate 3 are electrically connected through the first conductive component 5. In this embodiment, the first conductive component 5 and the second conductive component 6 can be selected as metallized vias. Although the structures of the first conductive component 5 and the second conductive component 6 can be selected as metallized vias, there are certain differences between the two configurations. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the second conductive component 6 is used to transmit the signal flowing through the conductive area 13 to the second radiation plate 4. In addition, it is also necessary to prevent the conductive area 13 from radiating. Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the conductive area 13 is circular, and the second conductive component 6 is a plurality of metallized vias arranged in the conductive area 13 and densely arranged circumferentially along the edge of the conductive area 13. In this case, the energy radiation of the conductive area 13 can be limited to the maximum extent to ensure that the signal is transmitted to the second radiation plate 4. As for the first conductive component 5, it electrically connects the second radiation plate 4 and the first radiation plate 3. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , there are four first conductive components 5, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the second radiation plate 4 and the first radiation plate 3. In this embodiment, sufficient spacing needs to be maintained between the first conductive components 5 to avoid mutual interference between the resonant frequencies generated by the first radiation unit due to the close distance between the first conductive components 5. It can be understood that although part of the energy on the second radiation plate 4 will be radiated through the second radiation plate 4, due to the existence of the first conductive component 5, the radiated energy is only a small amount, which can be almost ignored for the overall signal transmission. In different embodiments, the conductive area 13, the first radiation plate 3, and the second radiation plate 4 can have different structures and forms.

[0046] On the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1, a first tuning branch 30 is connected to the inner side of the first radiation plate 3 facing the feeding component 2, and a second tuning branch 31 is connected to the outer side of the first radiation plate 3 away from the feeding component 2. The first tuning branch 30 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation unit, and the second tuning branch 31 is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation unit, wherein the first tuning branch 30 and the second tuning branch 31 are used to slightly change the size of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, thereby fine-tuning the resonant frequency of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit.

[0047] Optionally, the number of the feeding component 2, the first conductive component 5, the first tuning branch 30, and the second tuning branch 31 corresponds, wherein the first tuning branch 30 and the feeding component 2 are alternately arranged in sequence, and the positions of the first conductive component 5 and the second tuning branch 31 are respectively located on a straight line passing through the center of the patch antenna with the corresponding feeding component 2. Specifically, the feeding component 2, the first conductive component 5, the first tuning branch 30, and the second tuning branch 31 can be selected to be four in number, wherein the four feeding components 2 are arranged in the central circumferential direction of the patch antenna, and two adjacent feeding components 2 are separated by an angle of 90 degrees. The first conductive component 5 and the first tuning branch 30 are arranged in the central circumferential direction of the patch antenna, and adjacent first conductive components 5 and adjacent first tuning branch 30 are separated by an angle of 90 degrees. The relative first conductive components 5, the first tuning branch 30, and the feeding component 2 are located in the same straight line and the straight line passes through the center of the patch antenna. The first tuning branch 30 is arranged in the central circumferential direction of the patch antenna, and the first tuning branch 30 and the feeding component 2 are alternately arranged in sequence. Specifically, the first tuning branch 30 and the adjacent feeding component 2 are separated by an angle of 45 degrees to reasonably utilize the area of ​​the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1 and reduce the size of the patch antenna.

[0048] A plurality of choke strips 7 and a plurality of metal columns 8 are also provided on the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1. The plurality of choke strips 7 are arranged circumferentially around the first radiation plate 3, and a preset spacing is maintained between the choke strips 7 and the first radiation plate 3. The plurality of metal columns 8 correspond to the plurality of choke strips 7 one by one, and one end of the metal column 8 is provided in the area where the choke strips 7 are located. The metal column 8 penetrates the dielectric substrate 1, and the end of the metal column 8 away from the choke strip 7 is used to connect to the floor. The current of the first radiation plate 3 is coupled to the choke strip 7, and the current is converted from the slot radiation mode to the dipole radiation mode. There are more clearance areas, which can effectively reduce the radiation Q value of the patch antenna and increase the bandwidth. In addition, the current on a part of the floor is affected by the choke strip 7 and the metal column 8, and is converted from the surface wave radiation mode to the dipole radiation mode, thereby improving the total gain front-to-back ratio of the patch antenna. Optionally, the metal column 8 is connected to the choke strip 7 by screws or welding to play a role in supporting and fixing the dielectric substrate 1. Optionally, in the clockwise direction, the metal column 8 is arranged at the front half of the choke strip 7. This position selection can make the floor current on the choke strip 7 radiate right-hand circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. In this embodiment, the length of the choke strip 7 can be selected to be a quarter of the waveguide wavelength of the working frequency of the second radiation unit.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the patch antenna of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the first embodiment, the feeding component 2 is electrically connected to the first radiation plate 3. In this embodiment, the feeding component 2 is located in the area where the first radiation plate 3 is located, and is electrically connected to the first radiation plate 3. The first radiation plate 3 is electrically connected to the second radiation plate 4 through the first conductive component 5.

[0051] In this embodiment, the flow direction of the feeding signal is that it first flows through the feeding component 2 to the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 1, and then the feeding signal is transmitted to the first radiating plate 3 through the feeding component 2, and then transmitted to the second radiating plate 4 through the first radiating plate 3 and the first conductive component 5. A signal shunt node is formed at the position of the first conductive component 5 on the second radiating plate 4. A part of the signal flows to the second radiating plate 4 located on the inner side of the first conductive component 5 and radiates out, and another part of the signal flows to the second radiating plate 4 located on the outer side of the first conductive component 5 and radiates out. Therefore, the first radiating plate 3 and the second radiating plate 4 located on the inner side of the first conductive component 5 constitute a first radiating unit to generate a resonant frequency of the first frequency band, and the first radiating plate 3 and the second radiating plate 4 located on the outer side of the first conductive component 5 constitute a second radiating unit to generate a resonant frequency of the second frequency band.

[0052] The first conductive component 5 is located at the outer edge of the first radiation plate 3 to ensure that the entire first radiation plate 3 constitutes a part of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit.

[0053] In this embodiment, on the second surface 11 of the dielectric substrate 1, the second radiating plate 4 can be selected to be an annular structure, and a third insulating area is provided within the inner circle of the second radiating plate 4. The feeding component 2 is located in the third insulating area on the second surface 11. Its function can refer to that of the first embodiment, which is to ensure that the feeding signal transmitted by the feeding component 2 can flow smoothly to the first surface 10 of the dielectric substrate 2. The second radiating plate 4 can also be selected as a circular ring or a rectangular outline or other shapes as described in the first embodiment, but the shape has the characteristics of an annular structure as a whole.

[0054] Compared with the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the first tuning branch 30 is arranged on the inner side of the second radiation plate 4 facing the feeding component 2, and the second tuning branch 31 is arranged on the outer side of the second radiation plate 4 away from the feeding component 2. The functions of the first tuning branch 30 and the second tuning branch 31 are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the description of the first tuning branch 30 and the second tuning branch 31 in the above first embodiment can be referred to.

[0055] In addition, in this embodiment, the patch antenna may further include a choke strip 7 and a metal column 8, and the structure and function thereof are the same as those of the choke strip 7 and the metal column 8 in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Reference Figure 6 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure commonly used in multi-frequency patch antennas in the prior art. Figure 6 The multi-frequency patch antenna commonly used in the prior art includes a dielectric substrate 900, a first radiation unit 910, a first feeding component 920, a second radiation unit 930 and a second feeding component 940. Among them, the first radiation unit 910 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 900, and the second radiation unit 930 is arranged on the first radiation unit 910. The sizes of the dielectric substrate 900, the first radiation unit 910 and the second radiation unit 930 are reduced successively. The first feeding component 920 passes through the dielectric substrate 900 and extends to the surface of the first radiation unit 910 to feed the signal to the first radiation unit 910. The second feeding component 940 passes through the dielectric substrate 900 and extends to the surface of the second radiation unit 930 to feed the signal to the second radiation unit 930. The first radiation unit 910 is used to generate a resonant frequency of the first frequency band, and the second radiation unit 930 is used to generate a resonant frequency of the second frequency band. From Figure 6It can be found that the commonly used multi-frequency patch antenna in the prior art requires two radiating units to be stacked on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate 1, while in the embodiment of the present invention, the two radiating plates are respectively arranged on the first surface and the second surface of the dielectric substrate, and the space of the air medium outside the second surface of the dielectric substrate is reasonably utilized, thereby reducing the cross-sectional height of the patch antenna. Figure 6 It can be found that the multi-frequency patch antenna commonly used in the prior art needs to be equipped with two sets of feeding components to realize signals in two frequency bands. It can be foreseen that the two sets of feeding components must respectively require corresponding feeding networks and low-noise amplifier circuits, which undoubtedly increases the complexity of the circuit and increases the processing cost. Moreover, the increase in functional components will obviously increase the weight of the antenna. In summary, compared with the multi-frequency patch antenna commonly used in the prior art, it can be seen that the patch antenna of the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of low profile, low cost and light weight of the patch antenna while meeting different frequency bands.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the inside of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A patch antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dielectric substrate and a feeding component, wherein the feeding component penetrates the dielectric substrate, one end of the feeding component extends to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric substrate is provided with: a first radiation sheet, the first radiation sheet being arranged on a first surface of the dielectric substrate; a second radiation sheet, the second radiation sheet being arranged on the second surface of the dielectric substrate; Wherein, the first radiation sheet is electrically connected to the second radiation sheet through a first conductive component, and the first radiation sheet or the second radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component; The feeding component is a metal probe; the natural air below the dielectric substrate is used as the medium of the antenna, one end of the feeding component is connected to the feeding network, passes through the natural air to reach the dielectric substrate and extends through the dielectric substrate to the first surface of the dielectric substrate; If the second radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component, then: The first surface is provided with a first insulating area, the insulating area is provided inside the first radiation sheet, the feeding component is located in the first insulating area, a conductive area covering the feeding component is also provided in the first insulating area, the conductive area is circular, the second conductive component is provided in the conductive area, and a plurality of metallized vias are densely arranged along the circumferential direction of the edge of the conductive area, the second conductive component electrically connects the conductive area with the second radiation sheet; the first radiation sheet is a ring structure; There are a plurality of the first conductive components, and the plurality of the first conductive components are arranged along the circumferential direction of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate, respectively, so that the second radiation plate and the first radiation plate located inside the plurality of the first conductive components constitute a first radiation unit, and the second radiation plate and the first radiation plate located outside the plurality of the first conductive components constitute a second radiation unit, wherein the first radiation unit generates a resonant frequency in a first frequency band, and the second radiation unit generates a resonant frequency in a second frequency band; If the first radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component, then: On the first surface, the feeding component is located in the area where the first radiation sheet is located, and is electrically connected to the first radiation sheet; The second surface has a second insulating area, the second insulating area is arranged inside the second radiation plate, and the feeding component is located in the second insulating area; the second radiation plate is a ring structure; There are multiple first conductive components, and the multiple first conductive components are respectively arranged along the circumferential direction of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate, so that the parts of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate located on the inner sides of the multiple first conductive components constitute a first radiation unit, and the parts of the first radiation plate and the second radiation plate located on the outer sides of the multiple first conductive components constitute a second radiation unit, wherein the first radiation unit generates a resonant frequency in a first frequency band, and the second radiation unit generates a resonant frequency in a second frequency band.

2. The patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the second radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component, then: A first tuning branch is provided on a side of the first radiation sheet facing the feeding component, and the first tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation unit; A second tuning branch is provided on a side of the first radiation plate away from the feeding component, and the second tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation unit.

3. The patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the first radiation sheet is electrically connected to the feeding component, then: A first tuning branch is provided on a side of the second radiation sheet facing the feeding component, and the first tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the first radiation unit; A second tuning branch is provided on a side of the second radiation plate away from the feeding component, and the second tuning branch is used to adjust the resonant frequency of the second radiation unit.

4. The patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of choke strips are further disposed on the first surface of the dielectric substrate. The plurality of choke strips are circumferentially arranged around the first radiation plate and maintain a preset distance between the choke strips and the first radiation plate.

5. The patch antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of metal columns corresponding to the plurality of choke strips are also arranged on the dielectric substrate. The metal columns penetrate the dielectric substrate, and one end of the metal column is located in the area where the choke strips are located.

6. The patch antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal column is located at the front half of the corresponding choke strip in the clockwise direction.

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