A soft soil layer foundation model preparation device and preparation method

Abstract

The present application provides a soft soil foundation model preparation device and a preparation method, which relate to the technical field of indoor geotechnical tests. The soft soil foundation model preparation device includes a model box, a soil permeable plate and an angle adjustment mechanism. The soil permeable plate is arranged inside the model box, and a plurality of soil permeable holes are provided on the soil permeable plate. The angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the model box, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the inclination angle and height of the soil permeable plate. By adjusting the inclination angle of the soil permeable plate through the angle adjustment mechanism, an inclined soft soil foundation model can be obtained by using this soft soil foundation model preparation device, which can be used for indoor model tests or centrifuge tests, etc. to study the failure mechanism and deformation law of the inclined soft soil foundation, etc., and is convenient for carrying out multiple tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of indoor geotechnical tests. Specifically, it relates to a soft soil layer foundation model preparation device and a preparation method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] At present, the construction of transportation infrastructure such as expressways and high-speed railways continues to extend to mountainous and hilly areas, and it is often encountered that embankments are built on inclined soft soil foundations. Compared with horizontal soft soil foundations, it is easier for embankments built on inclined soft soil foundations to slide and become unstable.

[0003] As basic methods for theoretical research, centrifuge tests, indoor model tests, etc. first require the preparation of large model boxes for corresponding tests. At present, the preparation of horizontal soft soil foundation model boxes has been relatively perfect. A small number of scholars have also prepared model boxes with a horizontal surface and an inclined bottom of the soft soil layer and achieved certain results through tests. However, in the actual geological environment, most of the surfaces of soft soil layers are inclined. Using existing model boxes for tests is difficult to deeply understand the deformation characteristics and instability mechanisms of inclined soft soil foundations, and it is also difficult to meet the application requirements of technicians in this field for the design, construction, etc. of inclined soft soil foundation projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a soft soil layer foundation model preparation device and a preparation method thereof to improve the problem that it is currently difficult to conduct simulation research on inclined soft soil layer foundation projects.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a soft soil layer foundation model preparation device, including a model box, a soil permeable plate, and an angle adjustment mechanism. The soil permeable plate is arranged in the model box, and a plurality of soil permeable holes are provided on the soil permeable plate. The angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the model box, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the inclination angle of the soil permeable plate.

[0006] In the above technical solution, by adjusting the inclination angle of the soil permeable plate through the angle adjustment mechanism, an inclined soft soil foundation model can be obtained through this soft soil layer foundation model preparation device, which can be used for indoor model tests or centrifuge tests, etc. to study the failure mechanism and deformation law of inclined soft soil foundations, etc., and is convenient for carrying out multiple tests.

[0007] In addition, the soft soil layer foundation model preparation device according to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application also has the following additional technical features:

[0008] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the angle adjustment mechanism includes two angle adjustment components, and both of the two angle adjustment components are connected to the model box; the two angle adjustment components are respectively used to adjust the height and inclination angle of both ends of the soil permeable plate.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the two angle adjustment components are respectively used to adjust the heights of both ends of the soil-penetrating plate. Not only can the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate be adjusted to obtain inclined soft soil layer foundations with different inclination angles, but also the distance between the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate and the inner bottom wall of the model box can be adjusted to obtain soft soil layer foundation models with different thicknesses, which is convenient for indoor research on inclined soft soil layer foundations, so as to obtain more accurate and practical failure mechanisms and deformation laws of inclined soft soil foundations, etc.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, each angle adjustment component includes a bearing platform, a fixing component, and a driving component; the bearing platform is used to support one end of the soil-penetrating plate, the fixing component is connected to the model box, and the fixing component is hinged to the bearing platform; the driving component is used to drive the bearing platform to rotate relative to the fixing component.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by driving the bearing platform to rotate relative to the fixing component through the driving component, the inclination angle of the bearing platform is changed. Since the bearing platform supports one end of the soil-penetrating plate, the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate is also changed, that is, the adjustment of the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate is realized.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the driving component includes a moving rod and a connecting rod. The moving rod is vertically movably arranged on the fixing component. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the moving rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bearing platform.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the vertical movement of the moving rod can drive the bearing platform to rotate relative to the fixing component through the connecting rod, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the bearing platform, facilitating the adjustment of the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate, and facilitating the development of simulation tests.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the fixing component includes a fixing platform and a fixing rod; the fixing platform is connected to the model box, the fixing rod is vertically movably arranged on the fixing platform, and the moving rod is vertically movably arranged on the fixing platform; the fixing rod is hinged to the bearing platform, and the vertical movement of the fixing rod relative to the fixing platform can adjust the height of the bearing platform.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the vertical movement of the fixing rod can drive the entire bearing platform to move in the vertical direction, thereby changing the height position of the bearing platform. While ensuring the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate, the height of the soil-penetrating plate can be adjusted as a whole to obtain soft soil layer foundation models with the same inclination angle but different thicknesses, which is convenient for the development of simulation tests and can obtain more test data.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple rows of fixing holes are provided on the fixing platform. Each row of fixing holes includes a first positioning hole for inserting the fixing rod and a second positioning hole for inserting the moving rod; each row of fixing holes corresponds to an inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate.

[0017] In the above technical solution, since different tilting angles will cause changes in the area of the projection of the soil-penetrating plate on the horizontal plane and the distance between the projections of both ends of the soil-penetrating plate on the horizontal plane, it is necessary to adjust the setting positions of the moving rods and fixed rods of the two angle adjustment components on the fixed platform so that the distance between the bearing platforms of the two angle adjustment components can ensure that the soil-penetrating plate is supported by the bearing platforms. At the same time, a row of fixing holes corresponds to one tilting angle of the soil-penetrating plate, which is convenient for the test personnel to adjust the tilting angle of the soil-penetrating plate.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, a first limiting structure is provided on the fixed rod, and the first limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement of the fixed rod; a second limiting structure is provided on the moving rod, and the second limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement of the moving rod.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the setting of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure can keep the fixed rod and the moving rod at a certain height position, avoid the downward movement of the fixed rod and the moving rod, and facilitate the formation of an inclined soft soil layer foundation.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, a first connecting portion is provided on the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate, and a second connecting portion for connecting with the first connecting portion is provided on the upper surface of the bearing platform; when the soil-penetrating plate is supported on the bearing platform, the first connecting portion is connected to the second connecting portion.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the connection of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion can enable the soil-penetrating plate to be stably supported on the bearing platform, which is beneficial to the formation of a stable inclined surface of the soft soil layer.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the first connecting portion is a tenon provided on the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate, and the second connecting portion is a mortise provided on the upper surface of the bearing platform.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the first connecting portion is a tenon and the second connecting portion is a mortise. The tenon and the mortise form a tenon-mortise connection, and its connection method is simple and reliable, which will not increase the structural complexity of the soil-penetrating plate and the angle adjustment component, and is also convenient for the installation and disassembly between the soil-penetrating plate and the bearing platform.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, a receiving groove is provided at the end of the soil-penetrating plate, and the receiving groove penetrates through the upper and lower sides of the soil-penetrating plate; a mounting plate is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving groove, the mounting plate is received in the receiving groove, and the tenon is provided on the lower surface of the mounting plate; when the soil-penetrating plate is supported on the bearing platform, the bearing platform is received in the receiving groove.

[0025] In the above technical solution, when the soil-penetrating plate is supported on the bearing platform, the bearing platform is received in the receiving groove, that is, the elevation of the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate is lower than the elevation of the lower surface of the bearing platform. When making the soft soil layer, the surface of the soft soil layer is attached to the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate, avoiding the lower surface of the bearing platform from affecting the inclined surface of the soft soil layer.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a soft soil foundation model using the soft soil foundation model preparation device according to the embodiment of the first aspect, including:

[0027] Adjust the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate through the angle adjustment mechanism;

[0028] Add soft soil into the model box. The soft soil falls through the soil-penetrating holes on the soil-penetrating plate to the space below the soil-penetrating plate and always fills the space below the soil-penetrating plate during the preparation process. After the soft soil meets the preparation requirements, remove the soil-penetrating plate and the angle adjustment mechanism from the model box.

[0029] In the above technical solution, the angle adjustment mechanism can adjust the soil-penetrating plate to the required inclination angle. Through the soil-penetrating holes on the soil-penetrating plate, it can ensure that the soft soil layer always maintains a fixed thickness during the preparation process such as consolidation, and an inclined soft soil foundation model can be obtained, which can be used for indoor model tests or centrifuge tests, etc. to study the failure mechanism and deformation law of the inclined soft soil foundation, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soft soil foundation model preparation device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of part II in

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the model box with only one angle adjustment component connected;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed platform;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram after the fixed rod, the moving rod, the connecting rod and the bearing platform are assembled;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil-penetrating plate from the bottom view perspective;

[0037] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of part VII in

[0038] Figure 8Schematic diagram of a device for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model with a soft soil layer and a hard soil layer.

[0039] Icons: 100 - Device for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model; 10 - Model box; 11 - Top opening; 12 - First side box wall; 13 - Second side box wall; 20 - Soil permeable plate; 21 - Soil permeable holes; 22 - Accommodation groove; 23 - Mounting plate; 231 - First connecting part; 30 - Angle adjustment component; 31 - Bearing platform; 311 - Second connecting part; 32 - Moving rod; 33 - Link rod; 34 - Fixed platform; 341 - First connecting plate; 342 - Second connecting plate; 343 - First positioning hole; 344 - Second positioning hole; 35 - Fixed rod; A - Length direction; B - Width direction; C - Height direction; 200 - Hard soil layer; 300 - Soft soil layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and illustrated herein can generally be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0043] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] Embodiment

[0046] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, an apparatus 100 for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model is provided in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application. The apparatus 100 for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model includes a model box 10, a soil-penetrating plate 20, and an angle adjustment mechanism. The soil-penetrating plate 20 is disposed inside the model box 10, and a plurality of soil-penetrating holes 21 are provided on the soil-penetrating plate 20. The angle adjustment mechanism is connected to the model box 10 and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20. By adjusting the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20 through the angle adjustment mechanism and obtaining an inclined soft soil foundation model by means of the apparatus 100 for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model, it can be used for indoor model tests or centrifuge tests, etc. to study the failure mechanism and deformation law of the inclined soft soil foundation, etc., and is convenient for carrying out multiple tests.

[0047] In this embodiment, the model box 10 is a closed steel plate frame and is a rectangular box. The model box 10 has a top opening 11. The model box 10 has a first side box wall 12 and a second side box wall 13 in the length direction A. The internal dimensions of the model box 10 in length (the dimension in the length direction A), width (the dimension in the width direction B), and height (the dimension in the height direction C) are 825 mm, 300 mm, and 450 mm respectively. The wall thickness of the model box 10 is 15 mm. Among them, one side formed by the long side and the high side of the model box 10 is a transparent organic glass plate (not shown in the figure). A cover plate (not shown in the figure) is provided at the top opening 11 of the organic glass plate and the model box 10. The cover plate can be connected to the steel plate frame by bolts, screws, etc., and the cover plate can open or close the top opening 11 of the model box 10. The connection part is sealed with glue, and stiffening angle steels are welded at the corner connection parts.

[0048] In other embodiments, the model box 10 may also be in other structural forms, such as cylindrical, etc.

[0049] The soil-penetrating plate 20 is an aluminum plate with the same length and width as those of the model box 10. The thickness of the soil-penetrating plate 20 is 10 mm. The soil-penetrating plate 20 is fixed in the model box 10 at a certain specified inclination angle and a certain specified height through an angle adjustment mechanism.

[0050] Furthermore, the angle adjustment mechanism includes two angle adjustment components 30. Both of the two angle adjustment components 30 are connected to the model box 10. Among them, one angle adjustment component 30 is arranged on the first side box wall 12, and the other angle adjustment component 30 is arranged on the second side box wall 13; the two angle adjustment components 30 are respectively used to adjust the heights of both ends of the soil-penetrating plate 20. Therefore, the angle adjustment mechanism can not only adjust the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20 to obtain an inclined soft soil layer foundation with different inclination angles, but also adjust the distance between the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20 and the inner bottom wall of the model box 10 to obtain a soft soil layer foundation model with different thicknesses, which is convenient for indoor research on the inclined soft soil layer geology to obtain more accurate and actual geological failure mechanisms and deformation laws of the inclined soft soil foundation, etc.

[0051] In other embodiments, the angle adjustment mechanism may also only include one angle adjustment component 30. One end of the soil-penetrating plate 20 is hinged to the box wall of the model box 10, and the other end is connected to the angle adjustment component 30.

[0052] Each angle adjustment component 30 includes a bearing platform 31, a fixing component, and a driving component; the bearing platform 31 is used to support one end of the soil-penetrating plate 20, the fixing component is connected to the model box 10, and the fixing component is hinged to the bearing platform 31; the driving component is used to drive the bearing platform 31 to rotate relative to the fixing component. By driving the bearing platform 31 to rotate relative to the fixing component through the driving component, the inclination angle of the bearing platform 31 is changed. The bearing platform 31 supports one end of the soil-penetrating plate 20, so the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20 is also changed, that is, the adjustment of the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20 is realized.

[0053] Among them, the driving component includes a moving rod 32 and a connecting rod 33, and the fixing component includes a fixing platform 34 and a fixing rod 35. The fixing platform 34 is connected to the model box 10, the fixing rod 35 is vertically movably arranged on the fixing platform 34, and the fixing rod 35 is hinged to the bearing platform 31; the moving rod 32 is vertically movably arranged on the fixing platform 34, one end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to the moving rod 32, and the other end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to the bearing platform 31. The vertical movement of the fixing rod 35 relative to the fixing platform 34 can adjust the height of the bearing platform 31, and the vertical movement of the moving rod 32 along the fixing platform 34 can drive the bearing platform 31 to rotate relative to the fixing rod 35.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, the fixing table 34 includes a first connecting plate 341 and a second connecting plate 342. The first connecting plate 341 is connected to the second connecting plate 342 and they are perpendicular to each other. The first connecting plate 341 and the second connecting plate 342 together form the L-shaped fixing table 34. The fixing table 34 is made of steel plate. The first connecting plate 341 and the second connecting plate 342 are connected to the side box wall of the model box 10 by bolts, screws, etc. The first connecting plate 341 is located outside the model box 10, and the second connecting plate 342 extends from the first connecting plate 341 into the model box 10.

[0055] Multiple rows of fixing holes are provided on the fixing table 34. Each row of fixing holes includes a first positioning hole 343 for inserting the fixing rod 35 and a second positioning hole 344 for inserting the moving rod 32; each row of fixing holes corresponds to an inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20. Each row of fixing holes has two first positioning holes 343 and one second positioning hole 344. Correspondingly, each angle adjusting assembly 30 includes two fixing rods 35. The central axes of the second positioning hole 344 and the two first positioning holes 343 are in the same plane. The second positioning hole 344 is located between the two first positioning holes 343, and one fixing rod 35 is inserted into one first positioning hole 343.

[0056] The moving rod 32 is inserted into the second positioning hole 344. One end of the two fixing rods 35 is hinged to the edge of the bearing platform 31, one end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to the moving rod 32, and the other end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to the middle of the bearing platform 31 (the middle of the bearing platform 31 refers to the part on the bearing platform 31 that is at a certain distance from the edge of the bearing platform 31). The fixing rod 35 and the moving rod 32 are both cylindrical threaded steel bars with a hinge interface at one end, and the connecting rod 33 is a square columnar steel rod with hinge interfaces at both ends. The length of the connecting rod 33 (the vertical distance between the centers of the hinge interfaces at both ends) is 40 mm. The bearing platform 31 is a rectangular steel plate with hinge interfaces at the middle and one edge, and the plate thickness of the bearing platform 31 is 6 mm. The vertical movement of the moving rod 32 (consistent with the height direction C of the model box 10) can drive the bearing platform 31 to rotate relative to the fixing rod 35 through the connecting rod 33, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the bearing platform 31, facilitating the adjustment of the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and facilitating the development of the simulation test. The vertical movement of the fixing rod 35 can drive the entire bearing platform 31 to move in the vertical direction, thereby changing the height position of the bearing platform 31. While ensuring the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20, the height of the soil-penetrating plate 20 can be adjusted as a whole to obtain a soft soil layer foundation model with the same inclination angle but different thicknesses, facilitating the development of the simulation test and obtaining more test data.

[0057] To facilitate the control of the vertical movement distance of the fixed rod 35 and the moving rod 32, a scale with the bottom surface as the zero point is engraved on the inner surface of the side box wall of the model box 10 connected with the angle adjustment component 30. In this embodiment, the scale on the model box 10 is provided on the first side box wall 12 and the second side box wall 13. Moreover, scales are also respectively provided on the fixed rod 35 and the moving rod 32, and the zero points of the scales on the fixed rod 35 and the moving rod 32 are both located at the centers of the hinge interfaces of their own.

[0058] Furthermore, a first limiting structure is provided on the fixed rod 35, and the first limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement of the fixed rod 35; a second limiting structure is provided on the moving rod 32, and the second limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement of the moving rod 32. The settings of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure can keep the fixed rod 35 and the moving rod 32 at a certain height position, avoiding the downward movement of the fixed rod 35 and the moving rod 32, and facilitating the formation of an inclined soft soil foundation.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first limiting structure includes a first external thread provided on the fixed rod 35 and a first nut screwed with the first external thread. The first nut is screwed on the outside of the fixed rod 35, and the lower surface of the first nut can abut against the upper surface of the second connecting plate 342 of the fixed table 34 to limit the downward movement of the fixed rod 35. The second limiting structure includes a second external thread provided on the moving rod 32 and a second nut screwed with the second external thread. The second nut is screwed on the outside of the moving rod 32, and the lower surface of the second nut can abut against the upper surface of the second connecting plate 342 of the fixed table 34 to limit the downward movement of the moving rod 32.

[0060] Of course, in other embodiments, the first limiting structure can also be other structural forms. For example, the first limiting structure includes a first external thread provided on the fixed rod 35 and a first internal thread provided in the first positioning hole 343 and matching with the first external thread; the second limiting structure can also be other structural forms. For example, the second limiting structure includes a second external thread provided on the moving rod 32 and a second internal thread provided in the second positioning hole 344 and matching with the second external thread.

[0061] In order to enable the soil-penetrating plate 20 to be stably supported by the bearing platform 31, in this embodiment, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, a first connecting portion 231 is provided on the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and a second connecting portion 311 for connecting with the first connecting portion 231 is provided on the upper surface of the bearing platform 31; when the soil-penetrating plate 20 is supported on the bearing platform 31, the first connecting portion 231 is connected with the second connecting portion 311. The connection between the first connecting portion 231 and the second connecting portion 311 can enable the soil-penetrating plate 20 to be stably supported on the bearing platform 31, which is beneficial to the formation of a stable inclined surface of the soft soil layer.

[0062] Among them, the first connecting portion 231 is a tenon provided on the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and the second connecting portion 311 is a mortise provided on the upper surface of the bearing platform 31. The tenon and the mortise form a tenon-and-mortise connection, and the connection method is simple and reliable, without increasing the structural complexity of the soil-penetrating plate 20 and the angle adjustment assembly 30, and also facilitating the installation and disassembly between the soil-penetrating plate 20 and the bearing platform 31.

[0063] In other embodiments, the first connecting portion 231 may also be a mortise provided on the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and the second connecting portion 311 is a tenon provided on the upper surface of the bearing platform 31.

[0064] In this embodiment, a receiving groove 22 is provided at the end of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and the receiving groove 22 penetrates through the upper and lower sides of the soil-penetrating plate 20; an installation plate 23 is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 22, the installation plate 23 is received in the receiving groove 22, the upper surface of the installation plate 23 is flush with the upper surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and the tenon is provided on the lower surface of the installation plate 23; when the soil-penetrating plate 20 is supported on the bearing platform 31, the bearing platform 31 is received in the receiving groove 22, that is, the elevation of the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20 is lower than the elevation of the lower surface of the bearing platform 31. When making the soft soil layer, the surface of the soft soil layer is attached to the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate 20, avoiding the lower surface of the bearing platform 31 from affecting the inclined surface of the soft soil layer.

[0065] It should be noted that the arrangement position of each row of fixing holes on the second connecting plate 342 satisfies the following formula (1): where x is the distance from the center of the circle of each row of fixing holes to the edge of the second connecting plate 342 close to the first connecting plate 341, θ is the acute angle between the bearing platform 31 and the horizontal plane (i.e., the inclination angle of the soft soil layer surface and also the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20), M l 、M t are the internal length of the model box 10 and the wall thickness of the model box 10 respectively, G t is the thickness of the first connecting plate 341, and a is the difference between the depth m of the receiving groove 22 of the soil-penetrating plate 20 and the length of the bearing platform 31 (the length of the bearing platform 31 is the distance from the center of the side hinge interface to the other side).

[0066] It should be noted that the vertical distance from the zero scale point of the moving rod 32 to the zero scale point of the fixed rod 35 satisfies the following formula (2): where y u is the vertical distance from the zero scale point of the moving rod 32 to the zero scale point of the fixed rod 35 on the side with a higher elevation of the soft soil layer surface when the soft soil layer surface is inclined, y d is the vertical distance from the zero scale point of the moving rod 32 to the zero scale point of the fixed rod 35 on the side with a lower elevation of the soft soil layer surface when the soft soil layer surface is inclined, θ is the acute angle between the bearing platform 31 and the horizontal plane (i.e., the inclination angle of the soft soil layer surface), L lLet \(a\) be the length of the connecting rod 33 (the distance between the centers of the hinge joints at both ends, that is, the length of the connecting rod 33 itself), and \(b\) be the distance between the center of the hinge joint in the middle of the bearing platform 31 and the center of the hinge joint at the edge.

[0067] In this embodiment, for the measurement directions of the length of the soil-penetrating plate 20, the length of the bearing platform 31, the length of the mounting plate 23, and the depth of the receiving groove 22, reference can be made to the length direction of the model box 10 after the soil-penetrating plate 20, the bearing platform 31, and the mounting plate 23 are installed on the model box.

[0068] As Figure 8 shown, a soft soil layer 300 and a hard soil layer 200 are formed in the soft soil layer foundation model preparation device 100. In the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model of a soft soil layer foundation model preparation device according to the first aspect of the embodiments is provided, including the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Fabrication of the hard soil layer 200.

[0070] Apply silicone oil to the side box wall of the model box 10 to reduce the friction between the side box wall of the model box 10 and the soil body. Fill the prepared silty clay into the model box 10 in several times, and use a heavy hammer to compact it layer by layer, with "roughening" treatment between layers. Then, cut the compacted hard soil layer 200 into a hard soil layer 200 with a central height of 50 mm and a surface inclination angle of 5° as Figure 8 shown. The inclination angle of the surface of the hard soil layer 200 is also the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the subsequent soft soil layer 300 to be fabricated.

[0071] Step 2: Installation of the fixing platform 34.

[0072] Install fixing platforms 34 on two opposite side box walls (the first side box wall 12 and the second side box wall 13) in the length direction A of the model box 10. Connect the first connecting plate 341 of the fixing platform 34 to the outside of the side wall of the model box 10 through bolts, screws, etc., and connect the second connecting plate 342 of the fixing platform 34 to the top of the side wall of the model box 10. The second connecting plate 342 of the fixing platform 34 extends into the model box 10.

[0073] Step 3: Installation of the fixing rod 35, the moving rod 32, the connecting rod 33, and the bearing platform 31.

[0074] Insert the fixing rod 35 into the first positioning hole 343, insert the moving rod 32 into the second positioning hole 344. One end of the fixing rod 35 is hinged to the edge of the bearing platform 31, one end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to one end of the moving rod 32, and the other end of the connecting rod 33 is hinged to the middle of the bearing platform 31.

[0075] In this embodiment, there are five rows of fixing holes on the fixing table 34 when the surface inclination angles θ of the soft soil layer 300 are 5°, 10°, 15°, 20° and 25° respectively, and the following table is satisfied:

[0076] θ (°) 5° 10° 15° 20° 25° x (mm) 34.04 38.65 46.3 56.93 70.45

[0077] Step Four: Adjust the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20 through the angle adjustment mechanism.

[0078] Debugging of the fixing rod 35: According to the thickness of the hard soil layer 200, the thickness of the soft soil layer 300, and the surface and bottom inclination angles in the model box 10 to be prepared, calculate the top surface elevations on both sides of the soft soil layer 300 respectively. For this embodiment, the central thickness of the hard soil layer 200 is 50 mm, the central thickness of the soft soil layer 300 is 100 mm, and the surface and bottom inclination angles of the soft soil layer 300 are 10° and 5° respectively. After calculation, the top surface elevations on both sides of the soft soil layer 300 are 77.27 mm (the elevation of the lower side of the soft soil layer 300) and 222.74 mm (the elevation of the higher side of the soft soil layer 300) respectively. According to the scales on the first side box wall 12 and the second side box wall 13 in the length direction A of the model box 10, adjust the fixing rod 35 up and down to the corresponding scale positions and tighten and fix it with the first nut.

[0079] Debugging of the moving rod 32: The vertical distance from the zero scale point of the moving rod 32 to the zero scale point of the fixing rod 35 satisfies Formula Two. In this embodiment, after calculation, the vertical distances from the zero scale points of the moving rods 32 on both sides of the model box 10 to the zero scale point of the fixing rod 35 are 18 mm and 14.33 mm respectively. According to the scales on the moving rod 32 and the fixing rod 35, adjust the moving rod 32 up and down to the corresponding scale positions and tighten and fix it with the second nut.

[0080] After the moving rod 32 and the fixing rod 35 are adjusted, the inclination angle of the bearing platform 31 is also determined. Fit the tenon on the soil-penetrating plate 20 with the mortise on the bearing platform 31, and place the soil-penetrating plate 20 on the bearing platform 31. Then the inclination angle of the bearing platform 31 is the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20, and the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate 20 is the surface inclination angle of the soft soil layer 300.

[0081] Step Five: Fabrication of the soft soil layer 300

[0082] Prepare about 30% more by ratio (considering the consolidation settlement of soft soil and subsequent cutting of excess soft soil). Put the prepared soft soil into the model box 10 after the hard soil layer is made and level it preliminarily. Then cover a layer of permeable geotextile on the surface of the soft soil. After it has a certain strength, press the load plate and put it into the consolidation loading device for consolidation. During the consolidation process, use a pocket static cone penetrometer to measure the undrained shear strength of the soft soil. After consolidation to the required strength (12 kPa in this embodiment), take out the model box 10 and cut the soft soil layer 300 along the permeable plate 20 to obtain the soft soil layer 300 with a specified strength, specified surface, and specified bottom inclination angle after consolidation.

[0083] Step Six: Dismantle the angle adjustment mechanism and the permeable plate 20

[0084] Dismantle the permeable plate 20 and the angle adjustment mechanism respectively, and install the organic glass side plate and the upper cover plate of the model box 10. Thus, a large-scale inclined soft soil foundation model box 10 with an undrained shear strength of 12 kPa for the soft soil layer 300 after consolidation, and surface and bottom inclination angles of 10° and 5° respectively is obtained.

[0085] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A soft soil foundation model preparation device, characterized in that, Comprising: Model box; Soil-penetrating plate, which is arranged inside the model box, and a plurality of soil-penetrating holes are provided on the soil-penetrating plate; And Angle adjustment mechanism, which is connected to the model box and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate; The angle adjustment mechanism includes two angle adjustment components, and both of the two angle adjustment components are connected to the model box; The two angle adjustment components are respectively used to adjust the height and inclination angle of both ends of the soil-penetrating plate; Each angle adjustment component includes a bearing platform, a fixing component and a driving component; The bearing platform is used to support one end of the soil-penetrating plate, the fixing component is connected to the model box, and the fixing component is hinged to the bearing platform; The driving component is used to drive the bearing platform to rotate relative to the fixing component; The driving component includes a moving rod and a connecting rod. The moving rod is vertically movably arranged in the fixing component. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the moving rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bearing platform; The fixing component includes a fixing table and a fixing rod; The fixing table is connected to the model box. The fixing rod is vertically movably arranged on the fixing table, and the moving rod is vertically movably arranged on the fixing table; The fixing rod is hinged to the bearing platform. The vertical movement of the fixing rod relative to the fixing table can adjust the height of the bearing platform; A plurality of rows of fixing holes are provided on the fixing table. Each row of fixing holes includes a first positioning hole for inserting the fixing rod and a second positioning hole for inserting the moving rod; each row of fixing holes corresponds to an inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate; A first limiting structure is provided on the fixing rod, and the first limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement of the fixing rod; A second limiting structure is provided on the moving rod, and the second limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement of the moving rod; A first connecting part is provided on the lower surface of the soil-penetrating plate, and a second connecting part for connecting with the first connecting part is provided on the upper surface of the bearing platform; When the soil-penetrating plate is supported on the bearing platform, the first connecting part is connected to the second connecting part; A receiving groove is provided at the end of the soil-penetrating plate, and the receiving groove penetrates through the upper and lower sides of the soil-penetrating plate; A mounting plate is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving groove. The mounting plate is received in the receiving groove, and the first connecting part is provided on the lower surface of the mounting plate; When the soil-penetrating plate is supported on the bearing platform, the bearing platform is received in the receiving groove.

2. A method for preparing a soft soil layer foundation model of the soft soil layer foundation model preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising: Adjust the inclination angle of the soil-penetrating plate through the angle adjustment mechanism; Add soft soil into the model box. The soft soil falls through the soil-penetrating holes on the soil-penetrating plate to the space below the soil-penetrating plate and always fills the space below the soil-penetrating plate during the preparation process; After the soft soil meets the preparation requirements, take out the soil-penetrating plate and the angle adjustment mechanism from the model box.

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