Single screw feeding structure and planetary screw extruder

Abstract

The application discloses a single-screw feeding structure and a planetary screw extruder. When the single-screw feeding structure works, the feeding section forwards material feeding, after entering a mixing section, a forward screw section generates a forward pumping effect, and a reverse screw section generates a pumping effect opposite to that of the forward screw section, the forward and reverse thrust generated by the forward screw section and the reverse screw section can shear, tear, knead and extrude the material, so that the dispersion mixing and plasticization of the material are realized. When the single-screw feeding structure is connected with a feeding structure or a planetary structure, the pre-plasticization of the material can be realized, and after the pre-plasticized material enters the planetary screw extruder, the abrasion of the material to the feeding structure or the planetary structure of the planetary screw extruder can be greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plastic extrusion equipment, in particular to a single-screw feeding structure and a planetary screw extruder. BACKGROUND

[0002] The screw is prone to wear and tear and has a short service life when the planetary extruder produces high-calcium high-filler materials and rubber products. The existing feeding mechanism of the planetary machine is composed of a feeding screw and a sleeve, which only has a feeding function and cannot plasticize and mix the materials. The materials begin to plasticize only when they enter the mixing section of the planetary machine, which inevitably causes dry friction. When the plastics are not heated enough and melt unevenly, the wear and tear of the inner wall of the barrel and the surface of the screw are easily increased. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a single-screw feeding structure and a planetary screw extruder to solve the problems existing in the prior art, so that the materials are plasticized before entering the mixing section of the planetary screw extruder, dry friction is avoided, and the wear and tear of the inner wall of the barrel and the surface of the screw are reduced.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a single-screw feeding structure, which comprises a feeding screw and a screw sleeve sleeved outside the feeding screw. The rear end of the feeding screw is connected with a first power mechanism. A feeding section, a forward screw thread section and a reverse screw thread section are sequentially arranged on the feeding screw from rear to front. The screw thread directions of the feeding section and the forward screw thread section are the same, and the screw thread directions of the forward screw thread section and the reverse screw thread section are opposite. The forward screw thread section and the reverse screw thread section are mixing sections. An inlet is formed in the corresponding position of the screw sleeve corresponding to the feeding section.

[0006] Preferably, a spiral oil groove is arranged around the axial direction of the screw sleeve in the screw sleeve. An oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole are arranged on the screw sleeve, and the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole are in communication with the oil groove. High-temperature oil is introduced into the oil groove through the oil inlet hole.

[0007] Preferably, a spiral heating wire is wound around the axial direction of the screw sleeve in the screw sleeve. The heating wire is electrically connected with an external power source.

[0008] Preferably, a hot oil channel is arranged along the axial direction of the feeding screw in the feeding screw. The hot oil channel comprises parallel arranged oil inlet flow channels and oil return flow channels. The oil inlet flow channels and the oil return flow channels are in communication at the front end of the feeding screw.

[0009] Preferably, the first power mechanism comprises a motor and a speed reducer, an output end of the motor is in transmission connection with an input end of the speed reducer, and an output end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the rear end of the feeding screw rod through a key.

[0010] Preferably, the shape of the cross section of the forward screw rib section and the reverse screw rib section is a shape formed by sequentially connecting a first straight section, a first curved section, a second straight section and a second curved section, the first straight section is opposite to the second straight section, and the first curved section is opposite to the second curved section.

[0011] The application further provides a planetary screw rod extruder comprising the single screw rod feeding structure, and further comprising a second power mechanism, a feeding structure and a plurality of planetary structures connected in sequence, and the front end of the screw sleeve is connected with the feeding structure or a first feeding opening on any of the planetary structures.

[0012] Preferably, the feeding structure comprises a feeding screw rod and a feeding cylinder sleeved outside the feeding screw rod, each of the planetary structures comprises a main screw rod, a plurality of planetary screw rods meshing with the main screw rod, and a planetary cylinder sleeved outside the main screw rod and the planetary screw rods, the first feeding opening is arranged on the feeding cylinder or the planetary cylinder, the main screw rod is in transmission connection with the feeding screw rod, the main screw rods of adjacent planetary structures are in transmission connection, and one end of the planetary cylinder of the outermost planetary structure is a discharging opening.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding cylinder and the planetary cylinder and each of the planetary cylinders are connected through flanges, and the inner sides of the connection positions of adjacent two flanges are each provided with a partition ring, and the partition ring is provided with a liquid injection opening.

[0014] Preferably, the feeding cylinder is further provided with a second feeding opening.

[0015] The application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0016] When the single screw rod feeding structure works, the feeding section feeds forward, after entering the mixing section, the forward screw rib section generates a forward pumping effect, the reverse screw rib section generates a pumping effect opposite to that of the forward screw rib section, and the forward and reverse thrusts formed by the forward screw rib section and the reverse screw rib section can shear, tear, knead, and extrude the material, so that the dispersion mixing and plasticization of the material are realized. When the single screw rod feeding structure is connected with the feeding structure or the planetary structure, the pre-plasticization of the material can be realized, and the material after pre-plasticization can greatly reduce the abrasion of the feeding structure or the planetary structure of the planetary screw rod extruder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below only illustrate some of the embodiments of the present application, and all other drawings obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these drawings also belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front view of the single-screw feeding structure of the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a top view of the single-screw feeding structure of the present application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding screw of the present application.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of the forward screw flight section and the reverse screw flight section of the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a top view of the planetary screw extruder of the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of Figure 5 the present application.

[0024] Wherein: 1 - feeding screw, 2 - screw sleeve, 3 - feeding section, 4 - forward screw flight section, 5 - reverse screw flight section, 6 - feeding inlet, 7 - oil groove, 8 - oil inlet hole, 9 - motor, 10 - speed reducer, 11 - outlet flange, 12 - feeding structure, 13 - planetary structure, 14 - first feeding inlet, 15 - discharging outlet, 16 - spacer ring, 17 - oil outlet hole, 18 - single-screw feeding structure, 19 - liquid injection port, 20 - second feeding inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] The purpose of the present application is to provide a single-screw feeding structure and a planetary screw extruder to solve the problems in the prior art, so that the material is plasticized before entering the mixing section of the planetary extruder, avoiding dry friction and reducing the wear of the inner wall of the barrel and the surface of the screw.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] Embodiment one

[0029] The embodiment provides a single screw feeding structure, which comprises a feeding screw 1 and a screw sleeve 2 sleeved outside the feeding screw 1, the rear end of the feeding screw 1 is connected with a first power mechanism, the feeding screw 1 is sequentially provided with a feeding section 3, a forward thread section 4, a reverse thread section 5 and a sealing thread section from rear to front, the thread directions of the feeding section 3, the forward thread section 4 and the sealing thread section are the same, the thread directions of the forward thread section 4 and the reverse thread section 5 are opposite, the sealing thread section plays a sealing role, the forward thread section 4 and the reverse thread section 5 are mixing sections, and the screw sleeve 2 is provided with a feeding opening 6 at a position corresponding to the feeding section 3.

[0030] In the embodiment, the shapes of the cross sections of the forward thread section 4 and the reverse thread section 5 are all formed by sequentially connecting a first straight section, a first curved section, a second straight section and a second curved section, the first straight section is opposite to the second straight section, and the first curved section is opposite to the second curved section. In the embodiment, the cross section of the forward thread section 4 and the reverse thread section 5 refers to a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the feeding screw 1. In the embodiment, the front end refers to the feeding end, and the rear end is opposite to the front end.

[0031] In the embodiment, the screw sleeve 2 is provided with a heating structure, the screw sleeve 2 is provided with a spiral oil groove 7 around the axial direction of the screw sleeve 2, the screw sleeve 2 is provided with an oil inlet hole 8 and an oil outlet hole 17, the oil inlet hole 8 and the oil outlet hole 17 are both communicated with the oil groove 7, and high-temperature oil is introduced into the oil groove 7 through the oil inlet hole 8. The heating structure in the screw sleeve 2 can also be a spiral heating wire wound around the axial direction of the screw sleeve 2, and the heating wire is electrically connected with an external power supply. The screw sleeve 2 can be heated by introducing high-temperature oil or the spiral heating wire.

[0032] In the embodiment, the feeding screw 1 is provided with a heating structure, the feeding screw 1 is provided with a hot oil channel along the axial direction of the feeding screw 1, the hot oil channel comprises parallel arranged oil inlet flow channels and oil return flow channels, and the oil inlet flow channels and the oil return flow channels are communicated at the front end of the feeding screw 1. High-temperature oil is introduced into the feeding screw 1 through the oil inlet flow channels and flows out of the feeding screw 1 through the oil return flow channels, so that the feeding screw 1 is heated.

[0033] In the embodiment, the heating structure is arranged in the screw sleeve 2 and the feeding screw 1, so that the material in the single screw feeding structure 18 is heated.

[0034] In the embodiment, the first power mechanism comprises a motor 9 and a speed reducer 10, the output end of the motor 9 is in transmission connection with the input end of the speed reducer 10, and the output end of the speed reducer 10 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the feeding screw 1 through a key. The first power mechanism realizes power input of the feeding screw 1, and the rotating speed of the feeding screw 1 is 60-1000r / min.

[0035] In this embodiment, the front end of the screw 2 is provided with an outlet flange 11 for connecting with other structures.

[0036] When the single-screw feeding structure 18 of this embodiment is in operation, the material enters the feeding section 3 through the inlet 6, and is fed forward in the feeding section 3. After entering the mixing section, the forward screw flight section 4 generates a forward pumping effect, and the reverse screw flight section 5 generates a pumping effect opposite to that of the forward screw flight section 4. The forward and reverse thrust generated by the forward screw flight section 4 and the reverse screw flight section 5 can shear, tear, knead and extrude the material, thereby realizing the dispersion mixing and plasticization of the material. When the single-screw feeding structure 18 is connected with the planetary screw extruder, the pre-plasticization of the material can be realized. After the pre-plasticized material enters the planetary screw extruder, the wear of the feeding structure 12 or the planetary structure 13 of the planetary screw extruder by the material can be greatly reduced.

[0037] Embodiment Two

[0038] As shown in Figures 5-6 , this embodiment provides a planetary screw extruder, which comprises the single-screw feeding structure 18 in Embodiment One, further comprises a second power mechanism, a feeding structure 12 and a plurality of planetary structures 13 connected in sequence, and the feeding screw 1 is connected with the feeding structure 12 or the first feeding port 14 of any planetary structure 13 through the outlet flange 11.

[0039] Specifically, the feeding structure 12 in this embodiment comprises a feeding screw and a feeding barrel sleeved outside the feeding screw, each planetary structure 13 comprises a main screw, a plurality of planetary screws meshing with the main screw, and a planetary barrel sleeved outside the main screw and the planetary screws, the first feeding port 14 is arranged on the side wall of the feeding barrel or the planetary barrel, each first feeding port 14 is provided with an inlet flange, the main screw is in driving connection with the feeding screw, the main screws of adjacent planetary structures 13 are in driving connection, and one end of the planetary barrel of the outermost planetary structure 13 is a discharge port 15.

[0040] The second power mechanism in this embodiment has the same structure as the first power mechanism in Embodiment One, comprising a motor 9 and a speed reducer 10, the output end of the motor 9 is in driving connection with the input end of the speed reducer 10, and the output end of the speed reducer 10 in this embodiment is fixedly connected with the rear end of the feeding screw through a key.

[0041] In the embodiment, the feeding barrel and each planetary barrel are provided with the same heating structure as the screw sleeve 2 in the first embodiment. The heating structure can be a spiral oil groove 7 arranged around the axial direction of the feeding barrel and each planetary barrel. The feeding barrel and each planetary barrel are provided with an oil inlet hole 8 and an oil outlet hole 17, which are in communication with the oil groove 7. High-temperature oil is introduced into the oil groove 7 through the oil inlet hole 8. The heating structure in the feeding barrel and each planetary barrel can also be a spiral heating wire wound around the axial direction of the feeding barrel and each planetary barrel. The heating wire is electrically connected to an external power source. The feeding barrel and each planetary barrel can be heated by introducing high-temperature oil or heating the spiral heating wire.

[0042] In the embodiment, the feeding screw and each main screw are provided with the same heating structure as the feeding screw 1 in the first embodiment. The feeding screw and each main screw are provided with a hot oil channel along the axial direction thereof. The hot oil channel includes parallel arranged oil inlet flow channels and oil return flow channels. The oil inlet flow channels and the oil return flow channels are in communication at the front end of the feeding screw and each main screw. High-temperature oil is introduced into the feeding screw and each main screw through the oil inlet flow channels and flows out of the feeding screw and each main screw through the oil return flow channels, thereby achieving heating of the feeding screw and each main screw.

[0043] In the embodiment, the feeding barrel and the planetary barrels are connected through flanges, and the inner side of the connection between the adjacent two flanges is provided with a partition ring 16. The partition ring 16 is provided with a liquid injection port 19. According to the process requirements of the material, a plasticizer or other plastic additive can be injected through the liquid injection port 19.

[0044] In the embodiment, the side wall of the feeding barrel is further provided with a second feeding port 20. The second feeding port 20 is provided with an inlet flange.

[0045] When the planetary screw extruder of the embodiment is used, the following working modes can be used: 1. The single screw feeding structure 18 and the first feeding port 14 on the feeding barrel can be connected through the outlet flange 11 and the inlet flange. The material one is pre-plasticized through the single screw feeding structure 18, and then enters the feeding structure 12 and each planetary structure 13. 2. While the material one is pre-plasticized through the single screw feeding structure 18, the material two can be added through the second feeding port 20. The material two is mixed with the material one, and then passes through each planetary structure 13. 3. The single screw feeding structure 18 can be connected with the first feeding port 14 on any planetary barrel. At this time, the feeding structure 12 can not be added with any material, so that the single screw feeding structure 18 replaces the feeding structure 12. Alternatively, the feeding structure 12 can be added with material, so as to mix with the material in the single screw feeding structure 18. The planetary screw extruder of the embodiment can connect the single screw feeding structure 18 with different positions to achieve different functions.

[0046] The principles and implementation manners of the present application are described in the specification by using specific examples, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation manners and application ranges will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A planetary screw extruder, characterized by: The single screw feeding structure comprises a feeding screw and a sleeve set outside the feeding screw, the rear end of the feeding screw is connected with a first power mechanism, the feeding screw is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a forward screw thread section and a reverse screw thread section and a sealing screw thread section from rear to front, the feeding section, the forward screw thread section and the sealing screw thread section have the same screw thread rotation direction, the forward screw thread section and the reverse screw thread section have opposite screw thread rotation directions, the sealing screw thread section has a sealing function, the forward screw thread section and the reverse screw thread section are mixing sections, and the sleeve is provided with a feeding opening at a position corresponding to the feeding section. The cross section of the forward screw thread section and the reverse screw thread section has a shape formed by sequentially connecting a first straight section, a first curved section, a second straight section and a second curved section, the first straight section is opposite to the second straight section, and the first curved section is opposite to the second curved section. The single screw feeding structure further comprises a second power mechanism, a feeding structure and a plurality of planetary structures which are sequentially connected, and the front end of the sleeve is connected with the feeding structure or a first feeding opening on any of the planetary structures.

2. The planetary screw extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is provided with a spiral oil groove around the axial direction of the sleeve, the sleeve is provided with an oil inlet hole and an oil outlet hole, the oil inlet hole and the oil outlet hole are in communication with the oil groove, and high-temperature oil is introduced into the oil groove through the oil inlet hole.

3. The planetary screw extruder of claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve is provided with a spiral heating wire wound around the axial direction of the sleeve, and the heating wire is electrically connected with an external power supply.

4. The planetary-screw extruder of claim 1, wherein: The feeding screw is provided with a hot oil channel along the axial direction of the feeding screw, the hot oil channel comprises parallel arranged oil inlet flow channels and oil return flow channels, and the oil inlet flow channels and the oil return flow channels are in communication at the front end of the feeding screw.

5. The planetary-screw extruder of claim 1, wherein: The first power mechanism comprises a motor and a speed reducer, the output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is fixedly connected with the rear end of the feeding screw through a key, and the front end of the sleeve is provided with an outlet flange.

6. The planetary-screw extruder of claim 1, wherein: The feeding structure comprises a feeding screw and a feeding cylinder set outside the feeding screw, each of the planetary structures comprises a main screw, a plurality of planetary screws meshing with the main screw, and a planetary cylinder set outside the main screw and the planetary screws, the first feeding opening is arranged on the feeding cylinder or the planetary cylinder, the main screw is in transmission connection with the feeding screw, the main screws of adjacent planetary structures are in transmission connection, and one end of the planetary cylinder of the outermost planetary structure is a discharge opening.

7. The planetary screw extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The feeding cylinder and the planetary cylinder and each of the planetary cylinders are connected through flanges, the inner side of the connection position of adjacent two flanges is provided with a partition ring, and the partition ring is provided with a liquid injection opening.

8. The planetary screw extruder of claim 6, characterized in that: The feeding cylinder is further provided with a second feeding opening.

Images