Dynamically bendable car interior display system

Abstract

An embodiment of a dynamically bendable automotive interior display system is disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the system includes a display, a dynamically bendable cover substrate assembly disposed above the display, and a reversible support, wherein the cover substrate assembly includes a cover substrate having a bending axis, and the reversible support is attached to at least a portion of the cover substrate to dynamically bend the cover substrate along the bending axis in a cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the system includes one or more frames, one or more frame portions accommodating the display and attached to the cover substrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority under patent law to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 789,888 filed on January 8, 2019, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 789,513 filed on January 7, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 777,236 filed on December 10, 2018, relies on the contents of these applications, and is incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to a dynamically bendable cover substrate and an automotive interior display system, and more specifically to a dynamically bendable automotive interior display system having a reversible support member, which dynamically bends the cover substrate at least sequentially from a first curvature radius to a second curvature radius and then to the first curvature radius. Background Art

[0003] An automotive interior system may include a surface incorporating a display and / or touch panel and a cover substrate disposed above the display and / or touch panel. It is desirable to change the shape of the surface, and more specifically to dynamically change the shape of the surface according to the needs or preferences of the viewer. This dynamic movement should still allow the automotive interior system to meet stringent head impact test (HIT) requirements. In some cases, the cover substrate should not break after the impact of the HIT. Therefore, a dynamically bendable cover substrate and an automotive interior display system that exhibit improved head impact performance are needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] A first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a dynamically bendable cover substrate. In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate includes a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, the width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width, wherein the cover substrate can be dynamically bent around the bending axis in a repeated cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0005] A second aspect of the present disclosure relates to a display system, comprising: a display; a dynamically bendable covering substrate assembly disposed above the display; wherein the covering substrate assembly comprises a covering substrate, the covering substrate having a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, the thickness being defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, the width being defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length being defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width; and a reversible support member, the reversible support member being attached to at least a portion of the second main surface of the covering substrate, and dynamically bending the covering substrate along the bending axis in a cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0006] A third aspect of the present disclosure relates to a display system, comprising: a first frame, the first frame comprising a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite to the first frame surface, and a frame edge, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, the frame width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and the frame length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an inner surface connecting the first frame surface and the second frame surface; a display disposed in the frame opening within the inner surface; a dynamically bendable cover substrate disposed on the first frame surface; On the surface of the frame and arranged above the display, the covering substrate has a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, the thickness is defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, the width is defined as the first dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as the second dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness and the width; and a reversible support member, the reversible support member is attached to at least a portion of the second main surface, and the covering substrate is dynamically bent along the bending axis in a cycle from the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the display system includes a second frame, the second frame including a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite the first frame surface, and a frame edge, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, the frame width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and the frame length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an interior surface connecting the first frame surface and the second frame surface; and a second display disposed in the frame opening within the interior surface of the second frame, wherein a reversible support is attached to the second frame surface of the first frame and the second frame surface of the second frame and is positioned between the first frame and the second frame. In one or more embodiments, the bending axis is positioned between the first frame and the second frame.

[0008] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, in instances where a display is used throughout this disclosure, a touch panel may be used instead of or in addition to the display.

[0009] Additional features and advantages will be described in the detailed description that follows, and those skilled in the art may understand the additional features and advantages in part from that description, or may learn the additional features and advantages by practicing the embodiments described herein, including the detailed description that follows, the claims, and the accompanying drawings.

[0010] It should be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and character of the scope of the claims. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate one or more embodiments and together with the description explain the principles and operation of the various embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a known dynamically bendable automotive interior display system, wherein a cover substrate has a first radius of curvature.

[0012] Figure 2A yes Figure 1 A perspective view of a system wherein the cover substrate has a second radius of curvature.

[0013] Figure 2B yes Figure 2A A magnified view of the system.

[0014] Figure 3A is a front view of a dynamically bendable automotive interior display system with reversible supports according to one or more embodiments.

[0015] Figure 3B yes Figure 3A Rear view of the system.

[0016] FIG. 4A to FIG. 4B yes FIG. 3A to FIG. 3B Top view of the system.

[0017] FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C An embodiment of a reversible support is shown.

[0018] FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D An embodiment of a reversible support is shown.

[0019] FIG. 7A to FIG. 7B A two-piece reversible support is shown in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 8A to FIG. 8B A two-piece reversible support is shown in accordance with one or more embodiments.

[0021] Fig.9A A perspective front view of a dynamic automotive interior display system is shown, wherein a cover substrate has a cold-bent portion and dynamically bends from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature toward a passenger.

[0022] Fig. 9B A perspective front view of a dynamic automotive interior display system is shown, wherein a cover substrate has a cold-bent portion and dynamically bends from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature toward a driver.

[0023] FIG. 10A is a front view of a cover substrate of a cold-bent glass article having a plurality of bending portions having convex portions and at least one bending axis, wherein the cover substrate can be dynamically bent about the at least one bending axis.

[0024] FIG. 10B is a perspective front view of the cold-bent glass article cover substrate shown in FIG. 10A.

[0025] FIG. 10C is a top view of the cold-bent glass article cover substrate shown in FIG. 10A .

[0026] 11A and 11B are side views of a foldable cover substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In known display systems (e.g., Figure 1 In the system 10 shown in FIG. 1 , the cover substrate in the dynamically bendable display system is not supported when the cover substrate is bent. Figure 1As shown, the cover substrate is partially attached to the frame to allow local dynamic bending in the unattached area 20, such as Figure 2A and Figure 2B shown. Figure 2A is a cover substrate having a first radius of curvature, and Figure 2B The cover substrate is shown dynamically bent to have a second radius of curvature. The term "radius of curvature" as used herein refers to the radius of curvature of the first major surface, the second major surface, or both the first major surface and the second major surface of the cover substrate adjacent to the bending axis (rather than the local radius of curvature). The radius of curvature is the minimum radius of curvature in a given configuration. Without sufficient support, there is an increased risk of local stress or local bending of the cover substrate during use (or when the cover substrate is dynamically bent) due to the structural integrity provided by the cover substrate alone. The lack of support at the bending axis results in low stiffness, which reduces resistance during HIT.

[0029] A first aspect of the present disclosure is directed to a dynamically bendable display system including a reversible support. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support is easily bendable, provides local support to a cover substrate at a bend axis, and does not damage the cover substrate.

[0030] In one or more embodiments, a dynamically bendable automotive interior display system 100 includes a display 150, a dynamically bendable cover substrate assembly (120, 130, and 140) disposed above the display. In an embodiment, the display herein may be replaced by a touch panel, or may have a touch function. In one or more embodiments, the system 100 includes an adhesive between the cover substrate assembly and the display. The cover substrate assembly of one or more embodiments includes a cover substrate 120, which has a first major surface 121, a second major surface 122 opposite to the first major surface, a secondary surface 126 connecting the first major surface and the second major surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis 125. The thickness is defined as the distance between the first major surface and the second major surface, the width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width, and the bending axis 125 defines the bending axis. The thickness (t) used herein refers to the maximum thickness of the cover substrate. In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate includes a plurality of bending axes. The bending axes may extend across the entire width, the entire length, or a diagonal of the cover substrate.

[0031] The cover substrate may include an inorganic material, and may include an amorphous substrate, a crystalline substrate, or a combination thereof. The cover substrate may be formed of an artificial material and / or a naturally occurring material (e.g., quartz and a polymer). For example, in some cases, the cover substrate may be characterized as an organic substance, and may be specifically a polymer. Examples of suitable polymers include, but are not limited to, thermoplastics (including polystyrene (PS) (including styrene copolymers and blends)), polycarbonate (PC) (including copolymers and blends), polyesters (including copolymers and blends, and including polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate copolymers), polyolefins (PO) and cyclic polyolefins (cyclic PO), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylic polymers (including polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (including copolymers and blends)), thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), polyetherimides (PEI), and blends of these polymers. Other exemplary polymers include epoxy resins, styrene resins, phenolic resins, melamine resins, and silicone resins.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cover substrate may specifically exclude polymer, plastic, and / or metal substrates. In one or more embodiments, the refractive index presented by the substrate ranges from about 1.45 to about 1.55. In embodiments, the average failure strain of the cover substrate presented at the surface on one or more opposing major surfaces using at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, or at least 20 samples measured using a ball ring test may be 0.5% or greater, 0.6% or greater, 0.7% or greater, 0.8% or greater, 0.9% or greater, 1% or greater, 1.1% or greater, 1.2% or greater, 1.3% or greater, 1.4% or greater, 1.5% or greater, or even 2% or greater. In specific embodiments, the average failure strain of the covering substrate presented at the surface on one or more opposing major surfaces is about 1.2%, about 1.4%, about 1.6%, about 1.8%, about 2.2%, about 2.4%, about 2.6%, about 2.8%, or about 3% or greater.

[0033] Suitable cover substrates exhibit an elastic modulus (or Young's modulus) in the range of about 30 GPa to about 120 GPa. In some cases, the elastic modulus of the substrate can range from about 30 GPa to about 110 GPa, about 30 GPa to about 100 GPa, about 30 GPa to about 90 GPa, about 30 GPa to about 80 GPa, about 30 GPa to about 70 GPa, about 40 GPa to about 120 GPa, about 50 GPa to about 120 GPa, about 60 GPa to about 120 GPa, about 70 GPa to about 120 GPa, and all ranges and sub-ranges therebetween.

[0034] In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate may include an amorphous substrate, and the amorphous substrate may include a glass product. The glass product may be strengthened or unstrengthened. Examples of suitable glass composition series for forming glass products include soda-lime glass, alkali aluminosilicate glass, alkali-containing borosilicate glass, and alkali aluminoborosilicate glass. In one or more alternative embodiments, the cover substrate may include a crystalline substrate (e.g., a glass ceramic product (which may be strengthened or unstrengthened)), or may include a single crystal structure (e.g., sapphire). In one or more specific embodiments, the cover substrate includes an amorphous substrate (e.g., glass) and a crystalline coating (e.g., a sapphire layer, a polycrystalline alumina layer, and / or a spinel (MgAl2O4) layer).

[0035] The covering substrate can be substantially sheet-like, but other embodiments can utilize a substrate that is curved or otherwise shaped or engraved. The covering substrate can be substantially optically clear, transparent, and free of light scattering. In such an embodiment, in the optical wavelength interval, the average light transmittance presented by the covering substrate can be about 85% or higher, about 86% or higher, about 87% or higher, about 88% or higher, about 89% or higher, about 90% or higher, about 91% or higher, or about 92% or higher. In one or more alternative embodiments, in the optical wavelength interval, the covering substrate can be opaque, or the average light transmittance presented is less than about 10%, less than about 9%, less than about 8%, less than about 7%, less than about 6%, less than about 5%, less than about 4%, less than about 3%, less than about 2%, less than about 1%, or less than about 0%. In some embodiments, these light transmittance values ​​are total light transmittance values ​​(considering the transmittance through the two main surfaces of the substrate). The substrate 110 may present a color (eg, white, black, red, blue, green, yellow, orange, etc.) as appropriate.

[0036] The cover substrate assembly also includes a reversible support member that is attached to at least a portion of the second main surface of the cover substrate. The reversible support member is capable of dynamically bending, or dynamically bending the cover substrate along a bending axis in a cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature. This sequence described herein is a cycle. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support member is capable of dynamically bending, or dynamically bending the cover substrate from a flat shape to a concave shape and then back to a flat shape (from the perspective of the first main surface) along the bending axis. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support member is capable of dynamically bending, or dynamically bending the cover substrate from a flat shape to a convex shape and then back to a flat shape (from the perspective of the first main surface) along the bending axis. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support member is capable of dynamically bending, or dynamically bending the cover substrate from a concave shape to a convex shape and then back to a concave shape (from the perspective of the first main surface) along the bending axis. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support is capable of dynamically bending, or dynamically bending, the cover substrate from a convex shape to a concave shape and then back to a convex shape (from the perspective of the first major surface) along a bending axis.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is greater than the second radius of curvature. In one or more embodiments, the first radius of curvature is 2 times, 3 times, 4 times, or 5 times greater than the second radius of curvature. In one or more specific embodiments, the first radius of curvature is in the range of about 2500 mm to infinity (or the radius of curvature of the covering substrate in a flat configuration), or in the range of about 10000 mm to infinity. In one or more embodiments, the second radius of curvature is about 20 mm to about 10000 mm, about 20 mm to about 9000 mm, about 20 mm to about 8000 mm, about 20 mm to about 7000 mm, about 20 mm to about 6000 mm, about 20 mm to about 5000 mm, about 20 mm to about 4000 mm, about 20 mm to about 3000 mm, about 20 mm to about 2000 mm, about 20 mm to about 1000, about 20 mm to about 750 mm, about 20 mm to about 500 mm, about 20 mm to about 1000 mm, about 20 mm to about 750 mm, about 20 mm to about 500 mm, about 20 mm to about 1000 mm, about 20 mm to about 15 ... about 250mm, about 50mm to about 10000mm, about 75mm to about 10000mm, about 100mm to about 10000mm, about 200mm to about 10000mm, about 300mm to about 10000mm, about 400mm to about 10000mm, about 500mm to about 10000mm, about 600mm to about 10000mm, about 700mm to about 10000mm, about 800mm to about 10000mm, about 900mm to about 10000mm, about 1000mm to about 10000mm, about 1100mm to about 10000mm, about 1200mm to about 10000mm, about 1300mm to about 10000mm, about 1400mm to about 10000mm, about 1500mm to about 10000mm, about 1600mm to about 10000mm, about 1700mm to about 10000mm, about 1800mm to about 10000mm, about 1900mm to about 10000mm, about 2000mm to about 10000mm, about 2100mm to about 10 10000mm, about 2200mm to about 10000mm, about 2300mm to about 10000mm, about 2400mm to about 10000mm, about 2500mm to about 10000mm, about 3000mm to about 10000mm, about 3500mm to about 10000mm, about 4000mm to about 10000mm, about 5000mm to about 10000mm, about 7500mm to about 10000mm, about 20mm to about 1000mm, or about 400mm to about 10000mm.

[0038] In one or more embodiments in which the first radius of curvature is about 10000 mm or less, the cover substrate has a curvature and is then dynamically bent along the bending axis. In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate comprises a cold-bent cover substrate. The term "cold-bent" or "cold-bent" as used herein refers to bending the cover substrate at a cold-bending temperature less than the softening point of the glass. Typically, the cold-bending temperature is room temperature. The term "cold-bendable" refers to the ability of the cover substrate to be cold-bent. In one or more embodiments, the cold-bent cover substrate may include a glass article or a glass-ceramic article, which may be strengthened as appropriate. In more embodiments, the cold-bent cover substrate is characterized by an asymmetric surface compressive stress between the first main surface 121 and the second main surface 122. In one or more embodiments, before the cold-bending process or cold-bending, the respective compressive stresses in the first main surface 121 and the second main surface 122 of the cover substrate are substantially equal. In one or more embodiments in which the cover substrate is not strengthened, before cold-bending, the first main surface 121 and the second main surface 122 do not present a perceptible compressive stress (CS). In one or more embodiments in which the cover substrate has been strengthened (as described herein), before cold bending, the first major surface 121 and the second major surface 122 present substantially equal compressive stresses relative to each other. In one or more embodiments, after cold bending, the CS on the surface having a concave shape after cold bending increases, while the CS on the surface having a convex shape after cold bending decreases. In other words, the CS on the concave surface is greater after cold bending than before cold bending. Without being bound by theory, the cold bending process increases the CS of the formed cover substrate to compensate for the tensile stress applied during cold bending. In one or more embodiments, the cold bending process causes the concave surface to experience compressive stress, while the surface forming the convex shape after cold bending experiences tensile stress. The tensile stress experienced by the convex surface after cold bending results in a net reduction in surface compressive stress, so that the compressive stress in the convex surface of the strengthened cover substrate after cold bending is less than the compressive stress on the same surface when the cover substrate is flat.

[0039] In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate can be a heat-formed glass article that is permanently curved and has a first major surface and a second major surface with the same CS.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate has a thickness (t) of about 1.5 mm or less. In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate has a thickness (t) greater than about 0.125 mm (e.g., about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more, about 0.13 mm or more).For example, the thickness can range from about 0.01 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.02 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.03 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.04 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.05 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.06 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.07 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.08 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.09 mm to about 1.5 mm, 0.1 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.15 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.2 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.25 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.3 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.35 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.4 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.45 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.5 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.55 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.6 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.65 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.7 mm to about 1.5 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 1.4 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 1.3 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 1.2 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 1.1 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 1.05 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 1 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.95 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.9 mm, about 0.01 mm to about mm to about 0.85 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.8 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.75 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.7 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.65 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.6 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.55 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.5 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.4 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.3 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.2 mm, about 0.01 mm to about 0.1 mm, about 0.04 mm to about 0.07 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 1.4 mm, about 0.1 mm to about 1.3 mm, about 0. .1mm to about 1.2mm, about 0.1mm to about 1.1mm, about 0.1mm to about 1.05mm, about 0.1mm to about 1mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.95mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.9mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.85mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.8mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.75mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.7mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.65mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.6mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.55mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.5mm, about 0.1mm to about 0.4mm, or about 0.3mm to about 0.7mm.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, the thickness of the cover substrate is substantially uniform in that the bending axis has substantially the same thickness as the rest of the cover substrate. For example, the thickness of the cover substrate over the first major surface, the second major surface, or the total surface area of ​​the first and second major surfaces does not vary by more than ±10%, 5%, or 2%. In one or more embodiments, 90%, 95%, or 99% of the total surface area of ​​the first major surface, the second major surface, or the first and second major surfaces is substantially constant in thickness (within ±1% of the average thickness).

[0042] In one or more embodiments, the width (W) of the cover substrate ranges from about 5 cm to about 250 cm, about 10 cm to about 250 cm, about 15 cm to about 250 cm, about 20 cm to about 250 cm, about 25 cm to about 250 cm, about 30 cm to about 250 cm, about 35 cm to about 250 cm, about 40 cm to about 250 cm, about 45 cm to about 250 cm, about 50 cm to about 250 cm, about 55 cm to about 250 cm, about 60 cm to about 250 cm, about 65 cm to about 250 cm, about 70 cm to about 250 cm, about 75 cm to about 250 cm, about 80 cm to about 250 cm, about 85 cm to about 250 cm, about 90 cm to about 250 cm, about 95 cm to about 250 cm, about 100 cm to about 250 cm, about 110 cm to about 250 cm, about 120 cm to about 250 cm, about 130 cm to about 250 cm, about 140 cm to about 250 cm, about 150 cm to about 250 cm, about 160 cm to about 250 cm, about 170 cm to about 250 cm, about 180 cm to about 250 cm, about 190 cm to about 250 cm, about 195 cm to about 250 cm, about 200 cm to about 250 cm, about 210 cm to about 250 cm, about 2 m to about 250cm, about 120cm to about 250cm, about 130cm to about 250cm, about 140cm to about 250cm, about 150cm to about 250cm, about 5cm to about 240cm, about 5cm to about 230cm, about 5cm to about 220cm, about 5cm to about 210cm, about 5cm to about 200cm, about 5cm to about 190cm, about 5cm to about 180cm, about 5cm to about 170cm, about 5cm to about 160cm, about 5cm to about 150cm, about 5cm to about 140cm, about 5cm to about 130cm, about 5cm to about 120cm, about 5cm to about 110cm, about 5cm to about 110cm, about 5cm to about 100cm, about 5cm to about 90cm, about 5cm to about 80cm, or about 5cm to about 75cm.

[0043] In one or more embodiments, the length (L) of the cover substrate ranges from about 5 cm to about 250 cm, about 10 cm to about 250 cm, about 15 cm to about 250 cm, about 20 cm to about 250 cm, about 25 cm to about 250 cm, about 30 cm to about 250 cm, about 35 cm to about 250 cm, about 40 cm to about 250 cm, about 45 cm to about 250 cm, about 50 cm to about 250 cm, about 55 cm to about 250 cm, about 60 cm to about 250 cm, about 65 cm to about 250 cm, about 70 cm to about 250 cm, about 75 cm to about 250 cm, about 80 cm to about 250 cm, about 85 cm to about 250 cm, about 90 cm to about 250 cm, about 95 cm to about 250 cm, about 100 cm to about 250 cm, about 110 cm to about 250 cm, about 120 cm to about 250 cm, about 130 cm to about 250 cm, about 140 cm to about 250 cm, about 150 cm to about 250 cm, about 160 cm to about 250 cm, about 170 cm to about 250 cm, about 180 cm to about 250 cm, about 190 cm to about 250 cm, about 195 cm to about 250 cm, about 100 cm to about 250 cm, about 110 cm to about 250 cm, about 110 cm to about 250 cm, about 120 cm to about 250 cm, about 130 cm to about 250 cm, about 150 cm to about 250 cm m to about 250cm, about 120cm to about 250cm, about 130cm to about 250cm, about 140cm to about 250cm, about 150cm to about 250cm, about 5cm to about 240cm, about 5cm to about 230cm, about 5cm to about 220cm, about 5cm to about 210cm, about 5cm to about 200cm, about 5cm to about 190cm, about 5cm to about 180cm, about 5cm to about 170cm, about 5cm to about 160cm, about 5cm to about 150cm, about 5cm to about 140cm, about 5cm to about 130cm, about 5cm to about 120cm, about 5cm to about 110cm, about 5cm to about 110cm, about 5cm to about 100cm, about 5cm to about 90cm, about 5cm to about 80cm, or about 5cm to about 75cm.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate comprises a glass article or a glass ceramic article, and the glass article or the glass ceramic article can be strengthened. In one or more embodiments, the cover glass has a compressive stress (CS) region extending from one or both of the major surfaces 121, 122 to a first depth of compression (DOC). The CS region includes a maximum CS magnitude (CS max ). The glass product or glass ceramic has a CT region, which is arranged in a central region extending from the DOC to the opposite CS region. The CT region defines the maximum CT value (CT max ). The CS region and the CT region define a stress distribution curve extending along the thickness of the glass article or glass ceramic.

[0045] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass-ceramic article can be mechanically strengthened by taking advantage of the mismatch in thermal expansion coefficients between portions of the article to produce regions of compressive stress and a central region exhibiting tensile stress. In some embodiments, the cover glass can be thermally strengthened by heating the glass to a temperature above the glass transition point and then rapidly quenching.

[0046] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article can be chemically strengthened by ion exchange. In the ion exchange process, the ions at or near the surface of the glass article or glass ceramic article are replaced or exchanged by larger ions with the same valence or oxidation state. In those embodiments where the glass article or glass ceramic article comprises alkali metal aluminosilicate glass, the ions in the surface layer of the article and the larger ions are monovalent alkali metal cations (e.g., Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+). Alternatively, the monovalent cations in the surface layer can be replaced with monovalent cations other than alkali metal cations (e.g., Ag+ or the like). In such embodiments, the monovalent ions (or cations) exchanged into the glass article or glass ceramic article produce stress.

[0047] Ion exchange treatment is usually performed by immersing the glass article or glass ceramic article in one or more molten salt baths containing larger ions to exchange with smaller ions in the glass article or glass ceramic article. It should be noted that aqueous salt baths can also be used. In addition, the composition of the bath can include more than one type of larger ions (e.g., Na+ and K+) or a single larger ion. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the parameters used for ion exchange treatment include, but are not limited to, the composition and temperature of the bath, the immersion time, the number of times the glass article or glass ceramic article is immersed in the salt bath (or bath), the use of multiple salt baths, additional steps (such as annealing, cleaning, and the like), and are generally determined by the composition of the glass article or glass ceramic article (including the structure of the article and any crystalline phases present) and the CS, DOC and CT values ​​of the desired glass article or glass ceramic article produced by strengthening. Exemplary molten bath compositions can include nitrates, sulfates, chlorides of larger alkali metal ions. Typical nitrates include KNO 3 、NaNO 3 、LiNO 3 、NaSO 4 , and combinations thereof. Depending on the thickness of the glass article or glass ceramic article, the temperature of the bath, and the diffusivity of the glass (or monovalent ions), the temperature of the molten salt bath is generally in the range of about 380° C. to about 450° C., and the immersion time is in the range of about 15 minutes to about 100 hours. However, temperatures and immersion times different from those described above may also be used.

[0048] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article may be immersed in 100% NaNO having a temperature of about 370° C. to about 480° C. 3 , 100% KNO 3 , or NaNO 3 With KNO 3In some embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article may be immersed in a molten salt bath comprising about 1% to about 99% KNO 3 and about 1% to about 99% NaNO 3 In one or more embodiments, after being immersed in the first bath, the glass article or glass ceramic article can be immersed in a second bath. The first and second baths can have different compositions and / or temperatures from each other. The immersion times in the first and second baths can be different. For example, the time of immersion in the first bath can be longer than the time of immersion in the second bath.

[0049] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article may be immersed in a solution including NaNO having a temperature of less than about 420° C. (eg, about 400° C. or about 380° C.). 3 With KNO 3 In one or more embodiments, the cover glass is immersed in a first mixed molten salt bath (e.g., 49% / 51%, 50% / 50%, 51% / 49%) having a temperature of 430° C. for less than about 5 hours, or even about 4 hours or less. 3 / 25% NaNO 3 ) for 8 hours, and then immersed in a KNO having a lower temperature than the first mixed molten salt bath. 3 A second pure molten salt bath of a shorter duration (e.g., about 4 hours) may be used. In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article may be immersed in a 75% KNO 3 With 25% NaNO 3 The composition was immersed in a first bath with a bath temperature of 430°C for 8 hours and then in a 100% KNO 3 The composition is chemically strengthened by a second bath having a bath temperature of 390° C. for 4 hours.

[0050] The ion exchange conditions can be tailored to provide a "spike" or increase the slope of the stress profile at or near the surface of the resulting glass article or glass ceramic article. The spike can result in a greater surface CS value. Due to the unique properties of the glass compositions used in the glass articles or glass ceramic articles described herein, this spike can be achieved by a single bath or multiple baths, where the baths have a single composition or a mixed composition.

[0051] In one or more embodiments, when more than one monovalent ion is exchanged into a glass article or glass-ceramic article, different monovalent ions can be exchanged to different depths within the glass article or glass-ceramic article (and produce different amounts of stress at different depths within the glass article or glass-ceramic article). The relative depths of the stress-producing ions produced can be determined and result in different characteristics of the stress distribution curve.

[0052] In one or more embodiments, the CS of the glass article or glass ceramic article max is about 900 MPa or more, about 920 MPa or more, about 940 MPa or more, about 950 MPa or more, about 960 MPa or more, about 980 MPa or more, about 1000 MPa or more, about 1020 MPa or more, about 1040 MPa or more, about 1050 MPa or more, about 1060 MPa or more, about 1080 MPa or more, about 1100 MPa or more, about 1120 MPa or more, about 1140 MPa or more, about 1150 MPa or more, about 1160 MPa or more, about 1180 MPa or more, about 1200 MPa or more, about 1220 MPa or more, about 1240 MPa or more, about 1250 MPa or more, about 1260 MPa or more, 1280 MPa or more, or about 1300 MPa or more. In one or more embodiments, CS maxThe range is about 900 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 920 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 940 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 950 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 960 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 980 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1000 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1020 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1040 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1050 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1060 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1080 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1100 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1120 MPa to about 1500 MPa. The present invention relates to a thermal conductivity of at least 1,500 MPa, ... a, about 900 MPa to about 1450 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1440 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1420 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1400 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1380 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1360 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1350 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1340 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1320 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1300 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1280 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1260 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1250 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1240 MPa, CS may be measured at a major surface. CS may be measured at a major surface. max, or the CS can be found in the CS region at a depth from the main surface max .

[0053] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass-ceramic article has a stress profile having a CS magnitude (CS10) of 800 MPa or greater at a depth within the glass article or glass-ceramic article of about 10 microns from the first major surface 102. In one or more embodiments, CS10 is about 810 MPa or greater, about 820 MPa or greater, about 830 MPa or greater, about 840 MPa or greater, about 850 MPa or greater, about 860 MPa or greater, about 870 MPa or greater, about 880 MPa or greater, about 890 MPa or greater, or about 900 MPa or greater. In one or more embodiments, CS10 ranges from about 800 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 825 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 850 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 875 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 925 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 950 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 975 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 950 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 925 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 875 MPa, or about 800 MPa to about 850 MPa.

[0054] In one or more embodiments, the stress distribution curve of the glass article or glass-ceramic article has a CS magnitude (CS) of 700 MPa or greater or about 750 MPa or greater at a depth of about 5 microns within the glass article from the first major surface 102. 5 ). In one or more embodiments, CS 5 is about 760 MPa or greater, about 770 MPa or greater, about 775 MPa or greater, about 780 MPa or greater, about 790 MPa or greater, about 800 MPa or greater, about 810 MPa or greater, about 820 MPa or greater, about 825 MPa or greater, or about 830 MPa or greater. In one or more embodiments, CS 5The range is about 700 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 725 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 750 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 775 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 825 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 850 MPa to about 900 MPa, about 700 MPa to about 875 MPa, about 700 MPa to about 850 MPa, about 700 MPa to about 825 MPa, about 700 MPa to about 800 MPa, about 700 MPa to about 775 MPa, about 750 MPa to about 800 MPa, about 750 MPa to about 850 MPa, or about 700 MPa to about 750 MPa.

[0055] In one or more embodiments, the CT of the stress distribution curve of the glass article or glass ceramic article is max is present or located within the glass article or glass ceramic article at a depth ranging from about 0.25t to about 0.75t from the first major surface. In one or more embodiments, CT max The depth range of the present or located is about 0.25t to about 0.74t, about 0.25t to about 0.72t, about 0.25t to about 0.70t, about 0.25t to about 0.68t, about 0.25t to about 0.66t, about 0.25t to about 0.65t, about 0.25t to about 0.62t, about 0.25t to about 0.60t, about 0.25t to about 0.58t, about 0.25t to about 0.56t, about 0.25t to about 0.55t, about 0.25t to about 0.54t, about 0.25t to about 0.52t, about 0.25t to about 0.50t, about 0.26t to about 0.75t, about 0.28t to about about 0.75t, about 0.30t to about 0.75t, about 0.32t to about 0.75t, about 0.34t to about 0.75t, about 0.35t to about 0.75t, about 0.36t to about 0.75t, about 0.38t to about 0.75t, about 0.40t to about 0.75t, about 0.42t to about 0.75t, about 0.44t to about 0.75t, about 0.45t to about 0.75tt, about 0.46t to about 0.75t, about 0.48t to about 0.50t, about 0.30t to about 0.70t, about 0.35t to about 0.65t, about 0.4t to about 0.6t, or about 0.45t to about 0.55t. In one or more embodiments, when the glass article or glass-ceramic article is in a substantially flat configuration (eg, the radius of curvature of the cover glass is greater than about 5000 mm or greater than about 10000 mm), the CT max The position exists in the aforementioned range.

[0056] In one or more embodiments, CT maxThe amount is about 80 MPa or less, about 78 MPa or less, about 76 MPa or less, about 75 MPa or less, about 74 MPa or less, about 72 MPa or less, about 70 MPa or less, about 68 MPa or less, about 66 MPa or less, about 65 MPa or less, about 64 MPa or less, about 62 MPa or less, about 60 MPa or less, about 58 MPa or less, about 56 MPa or less, about 55 MPa or less, about 54 MPa or less, about 52 MPa or less, or about 50 MPa or less. In one or more embodiments, CT max The range of values ​​is about 40 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 45 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 50 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 55 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 60 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 65 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 70 MPa to about 80 MPa, about 40 MPa to about 75 MPa, about 40 MPa to about 70 MPa, about 40 MPa to about 65 MPa, about 40 MPa to about 60 MPa, about 40 MPa to about 55 MPa, or about 40 MPa to about 50 MPa. In one or more embodiments, when the glass article or glass ceramic article is in a substantially flat configuration (e.g., the radius of curvature of the glass article or glass ceramic article is greater than about 5000 mm or greater than about 10000 mm), CT max The value of exists in the aforementioned range.

[0057] In one or more embodiments, a portion of the stress distribution curve has a parabolic shape. In some embodiments, the stress distribution curve has no flat stress (i.e., compression or tension) portion or a portion that presents a substantially constant stress (i.e., compression or tension). In some embodiments, the stress distribution curve presented by the CT region has substantially no flat stress or substantially constant stress. In one or more embodiments, the stress distribution curve has substantially no straight line segments extending along the depth direction or along at least a portion of the thickness t of the cover glass. In other words, the stress distribution curve increases or decreases substantially continuously along the thickness t. In some embodiments, the stress distribution curve has substantially no straight line segments along the depth direction, and the length of the straight line segment is about 10 microns or greater, about 50 microns or greater, or about 100 microns or greater, or about 200 microns or greater. The term "straight line" as used herein refers to a slope having a magnitude of less than about 5 MPa / micron or less than about 2 MPa / micron along a straight line segment. In some embodiments, one or more portions of the stress profile present at a depth of about 5 microns or greater (e.g., 10 microns or greater, or 15 microns or greater) from one or both of the first surface or the second surface within the cover glass are substantially free of any straight segments along the depth direction. For example, the stress profile along a depth of about 0 microns to less than about 5 microns from the first surface may include straight segments, but the stress profile at a depth of about 5 microns or greater from the first surface may be substantially free of straight segments.

[0058] In one or more embodiments, at a distance CT max All points of the CT region within a depth of 0.1t, 0.15t, 0.2t, or 0.25t of the CT region may contain tangents having non-zero slopes. In one or more embodiments, all such points may contain tangents having slopes having magnitudes greater than about 0.5 MPa / micrometer, greater than about 0.75 MPa / micrometer, greater than about 1 MPa / micrometer, greater than about 1.5 MPa / micrometer, greater than about 2 MPa / micrometer, or greater than about 0.5 MPa / micrometer.

[0059] In one or more embodiments, all points of the stress distribution curve at a depth of about 0.12t or greater (e.g., about 0.12t to about 0.24t, about 0.14t to about 0.24t, about 0.15t to about 0.24t, about 0.16t to about 0.24t, about 0.18t to about 0.24t, about 0.12t to about 0.22t, about 0.12t to about 0.2t, about 0.12t to about 0.18t, about 0.12t to about 0.16t, about 0.12t to about 0.15t, about 0.12t to about 0.14t, or about 0.15t to about 0.2t) include a tangent having a non-zero slope.

[0060] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article can be described according to the shape of the stress distribution curve along at least a portion of the CT region (112 in FIG. 2). For example, in some embodiments, the stress distribution curve along most or all of the CT region can be approximated by an equation. In some embodiments, the stress distribution along the CT region can be approximated by equation (1):

[0061] Stress(x)=CT max –(((CT max (n+1)) / 0.5 n )·|(x / t)-0.5| n )(1)

[0062] In equation (1), stress(x) is the stress value at location x. The stress here is positive (tension). CT max is the maximum central tension expressed in MPa as a positive value. The value x is the position along the thickness (t) expressed in micrometers, ranging from 0 to t; x=0 is a surface (102 in Figure 2), x=0.5t is the center of the glass or glass ceramic article, where stress (x) = CT max , and x=t is the opposite surface (104 in FIG. 2). CT for equation (1) max The range of can be about 40 MPa to about 80 MPa, and n is a fitting parameter of 1.5 to 5 (e.g., 2 to 4, 2 to 3, or 1.8 to 2.2), where n=2 can provide a parabolic stress distribution curve, and an exponential deviation from n=2 provides a stress distribution curve having a close to parabolic stress distribution curve.

[0063] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article has a DOC of about 0.2t or less. For example, the DOC may be about 0.18t or less, about 0.18t or less, about 0.16t or less, about 0.15t or less, about 0.14t or less, about 0.12t or less, about 0.1t or less, about 0.08t or less, about 0.06t or less, about 0.05t or less, about 0.04t or less, or about 0.03t or less. In one or more embodiments, the range of DOC is about 0.02t to about 0.2t, about 0.04t to about 0.2t, about 0.05t to about 0.2t, about 0.06t to about 0.2t, about 0.08t to about 0.2t, about 0.1t to about 0.2t, about 0.12t to about 0.2t, about 0.14t to about 0.2t, about 0.15t to about 0.2t, about 0.16t to about 0.2t, about 0.02t to about 0.18t, about 0.02t to about 0.16t, about 0.02t to about 0.15t, about 0.02t to about 0.14t, about 0.02t to about 0.12t, about 0.02t to about 0.1t, about 0.02t to about 0.08, about 0.02t to about 0.06t, about 0.02t to about 0.05t, about 0.1t to about 0.8t, about 0.12t to about 0.16t, or about 0.14t to about 0.17t.

[0064] In one or more embodiments, the glass article or glass ceramic article has a DOL in a range of about 10 microns to about 50 microns, about 12 microns to about 50 microns, about 14 microns to about 50 microns, about 15 microns to about 50 microns, about 16 microns to about 50 microns, about 18 microns to about 50 microns, about 20 microns to about 50 microns, about 22 microns to about 50 microns, about 24 microns to about 50 microns, about 25 microns to about 50 microns, about 26 microns to about 50 microns, about 28 microns to about 50 microns, about 30 microns to about 50 microns, about 10 microns to about 48 microns, about 10 microns to about 46 microns, or about 15 microns to about 50 microns. 3. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of the stress distribution curve includes a peak region 120 extending from the first major surface, a tail region 124, and a knee region 122 between the peak region and the tail region. The peak region 120 is within the CS region of the stress distribution curve.In one or more embodiments, the magnitude of the slope of the tangent included in all points of the stress distribution curve in the peak region ranges from about 15 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 20 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 25 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 30 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 35 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 40 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 45 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 100 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 150 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, about 15 MPa / micrometer to about 190 MPa / micrometer, and about 200 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer. The present invention relates to a method for treating a catalytically effective amount of pyrogenic acid in an aqueous solution of at least about 15 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 180 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 170 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 160 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 150 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 140 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 130 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 120 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 100 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 750 MPa / micron, about 15 MPa / micron to about 50 MPa / micron, about 50 MPa / micron to about 150 MPa / micron, or about 75 MPa / micron to about 125 MPa / micron.

[0065] In one or more embodiments, the magnitude of the slope of the tangent line included in all points in the tail region ranges from about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 0.05 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 0.1 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 0.25 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 0.5 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 0.75 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 1 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, , about 1.25 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 1.5 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 1.75 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 2 MPa / micron to about 3 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.9 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.8 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.75 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.7 MPa / micron, about 0. 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.6 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.5 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.4 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.2 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.1 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.7 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 1.8 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2.9 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 3.5 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 3.6 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 3.7 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 1.8 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 1.9 MPa / micron, about 0.01 MPa / micron to about 2. micrometer, about 0.01 MPa / micrometer to about 1.25 MPa / micrometer, about 0.01 MPa / micrometer to about 1 MPa / micrometer, about 0.01 MPa / micrometer to about 0.75 MPa / micrometer, about 0.01 MPa / micrometer to about 0.5 MPa / micrometer, about 0.01 MPa / micrometer to about 0.25 MPa / micrometer, about 0.1 MPa / micrometer to about 2 MPa / micrometer, about 0.5 MPa / micrometer to about 2 MPa / micrometer, or about 1 MPa / micrometer to about 3 MPa / micrometer.

[0066] In one or more embodiments, the CS magnitude in the peak region ranges from about greater than 200 MPa to about 1500 MPa. For example, the CS magnitude in the peak region can range from about 250 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 300 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 350 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 400 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 450 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 500 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 550 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 600 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 750 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1000 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1200 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1400 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1500 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1600 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1700 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1800 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1900 MPa to about 1900 MPa, about 2000 MPa to about 2000 MPa, about 2500 MPa to about 25 ... about 1500 MPa, about 850 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 950 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1000 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1050 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1100 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 1200 MPa to about 1500 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1450 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1400 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1350 MPa , about 250 MPa to about 1300 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1250 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1200 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1150 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1100 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1050 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 1000 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 950 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 90 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 850 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 800 MPa , about 250 MPa to about 750 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 700 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 650 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 600 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 550 MPa, about 250 MPa to about 500 MPa, about 800 MPa to about 1400 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1300 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1200 MPa, about 900 MPa to about 1100 MPa, or about 900 MPa to about 1050 MPa.

[0067] In one or more embodiments, the CS magnitude in the knee region ranges from about 5 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 10 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 15 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 20 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 25 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 30 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 35 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 40 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 45 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 50 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 55 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 60 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 65 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 75 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 80 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 90 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 10 In some embodiments, the present invention relates to a molecular weight distribution of the present invention. The molecular weight distribution of the present invention is 0 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 125 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 150 MPa to about 200 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 190 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 180 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 175 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 170 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 160 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 150 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 140 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 130 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 125 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 120 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 110 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 100 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 75 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 50 MPa, about 5 MPa to about 25 MPa, or about 10 MPa to about 100 MPa.

[0068] In one or more embodiments, the knee region of the stress distribution curve extends from about 10 microns to about 50 microns from the first major surface. For example, the knee region of the stress distribution curve extends from about 12 microns to about 50 microns, about 14 microns to about 50 microns, about 15 microns to about 50 microns, about 16 microns to about 50 microns, about 18 microns to about 50 microns, about 20 microns to about 50 microns, about 22 microns to about 50 microns, about 24 microns to about 50 microns, about 25 microns to about 50 microns, about 26 microns to about 50 microns, about 28 microns to about 50 microns, about 30 microns to about 50 microns, about 32 microns to about 50 microns, about 34 microns to about 50 microns, about 35 microns to about 50 microns, about 36 microns to about 50 microns, about 38 microns to about 50 microns, about 39 microns to about 50 microns, about 40 microns to about 50 microns, about 41 microns to about 50 microns, about 42 microns to about 50 microns, about 43 microns to about 50 microns, about 44 microns to about 50 microns, about 45 microns to about 50 microns, about 46 microns to about 50 microns, about 47 microns to about 50 microns, about 48 microns to about 50 microns, about 49 microns to about 50 microns, about 51 microns to about 51 microns, about 52 microns to about 51 microns, about 53 microns to about 51 microns, about 54 microns to about 51 microns, about 55 microns to about 51 microns, about From about 40 microns to about 50 microns, from about 10 microns to about 48 microns, from about 10 microns to about 46 microns, from about 10 microns to about 45 microns, from about 10 microns to about 44 microns, from about 10 microns to about 42 microns, from about 10 microns to about 40 microns, from about 10 microns to about 38 microns, from about 10 microns to about 36 microns, from about 10 microns to about 35 microns, from about 10 microns to about 34 microns, from about 10 microns to about 32 microns, from about 10 microns to about 30 microns, from about 10 microns to about 28 microns, from about 10 microns to about 26 microns, from about 10 microns to about 25 microns, from about 10 microns to about 24 microns, from about 10 microns to about 22 microns, or from about 10 microns to about 20 microns.

[0069] In one or more embodiments, the caudal region extends from about the knee region to the CT max In one or more embodiments, the tail region includes one or both of a compressive stress tail region and a tensile stress tail region.

[0070] In one or more embodiments, any one or both of the first major surface 121 and the second major surface 122 of the cover substrate include surface treatment. The surface treatment may cover at least a portion of the first major surface 121 and the second major surface 122. Exemplary surface treatments include easy-to-clean surfaces, anti-glare surfaces, anti-reflection surfaces, tactile surfaces, and decorative surfaces. In one or more embodiments, at least a portion of the first major surface 121 and / or the second major surface 122 may include any one, any two, or all three of the anti-glare surface, anti-reflection surface, tactile surface, and decorative surface. For example, the first major surface 121 may include an anti-glare surface, and the second major surface 122 may include an anti-reflection surface. In another example, the first major surface 121 includes an anti-reflection surface, and the second major surface 122 includes an anti-glare surface. In yet another example, the first major surface 121 includes one or both of the anti-glare surface and the anti-reflection surface, and the second major surface 122 includes a decorative surface.

[0071] The anti-glare surface can be formed using an etching process and can exhibit a transmission haze of 20% or less (e.g., about 15% or less, about 10% or less). In one or more embodiments, the anti-glare surface can have a clarity of image (DOI) of about 80 or less. The terms "transmission haze" and "haze" used herein refer to the percentage of transmitted light scattered outside the angle cone at about ±2.5° according to ASTM procedure D1003. For optically smooth surfaces, the transmission haze is generally close to zero. The term "clarity of image" used herein is defined by Method A of ASTM Procedure D5767 (ASTM 5767), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, entitled "Standard Test Methods for Instrumental Measurements of Distinctness-of-Image Gloss of Coating Surfaces". According to Method A of ASTM 5767, substrate reflection factor measurements are performed on the anti-glare surface at a mirror viewing angle and at an angle slightly deviating from the mirror viewing angle. The values ​​obtained from these measurements are combined to provide a DOI value. More specifically, DOI is calculated according to equation (2):

[0072]

[0073] Where Ros is the average relative reflection intensity between 0.2° and 0.4 away from the specular reflection direction, and Rs is the average relative reflection intensity in the specular reflection direction (between +0.05° and -0.05° centered on the specular reflection direction). If the input light source angle is +20° (throughout this disclosure) with respect to the sample surface normal, and the surface perpendicular to the sample is considered to be 0°, the measurement of the specular reflected light Rs is considered to be the average value in the range of about -19.95° to -20.05°, and Ros is considered to be the average reflection intensity in the range of about -20.2° to -20.4° (or -19.6° to -19.8°, or the average of both ranges). The DOI value used herein should be directly interpreted as specifying a target ratio of Ros / Rs as defined herein. In some embodiments, the anti-glare surface has a reflective scattering profile such that >95% of the reflected optical power is contained within a cone of + / -10°, wherein the cone is centered on the specular reflection direction for any input angle.

[0074] The surface roughness (Ra) of the anti-glare surface can be about 10 nm to about 70 nm (e.g., about 10 nm to about 68 nm, about 10 nm to about 66 nm, about 10 nm to about 65 nm, about 10 nm to about 64 nm, about 10 nm to about 62 nm, about 10 nm to about 60 nm, about 10 nm to about 55 nm, about 10 nm to about 50 nm, about 10 nm to about 45 nm, about 10 nm to about 40 nm, about 12 nm to about 70 nm, about 14 nm to about 70 nm, about 15 nm to about 70 nm, about 16 nm to about 70 nm, about 18 nm to about 70 nm, about 20 nm to about 70 nm, about 22 nm to about 70 nm, about 24 nm to about 70 nm, about 25 nm to about 70 nm, about 26 nm to about 70 nm, about 28 nm to about 70 nm, or about 30 nm to about 70 nm). The anti-glare surface may include a textured surface with a plurality of concave features, and the concave features have an opening from the surface outward. The average cross-sectional size of the opening may be about 30 microns or less (e.g., about 2 microns to about 30 microns, about 4 microns to about 30 microns, about 5 microns to about 30 microns, about 6 microns to about 30 microns, about 8 microns to about 30 microns, about 10 microns to about 30 microns, about 12 microns to about 30 microns, about 15 microns to about 30 microns, about 2 microns to about 25 microns, about 2 microns to about 20 microns, about 2 microns to about 18 microns, about 2 microns to about 16 microns, about 2 microns to about 15 microns, about 2 microns to about 14 microns, about 2 microns to about 12 microns, or about 8 microns to about 15 microns). In one or more embodiments, the anti-glare surface presents low flash (for low pixel power deviation reference or PPDr) (e.g., PPDr is about 6% or less, 4% or less, 3% or less, 2% or less, or about 1% or less). As used herein, the terms "pixel power deviation reference" and "PPDr" refer to a quantitative measurement of display flicker. Unless otherwise specified, PPDr is measured using a display arrangement comprising an edge-lit liquid crystal display screen (twisted nematic liquid crystal display) having a native sub-pixel pitch of 60 μm×180 μm and a sub-pixel opening window size of about 44 μm×about 142 μm. The front surface of the liquid crystal display screen has a smooth anti-reflective linear polarizing film. In order to determine the PPDr of a display system or an anti-glare surface forming part of a display system, the screen is placed in the focus area of ​​an "eye simulator" camera with parameters that approximate the eyes of a human observer. In this way, the camera system includes an aperture (or "pupil aperture") inserted into the optical path to adjust the collection angle of light and thereby approximate the aperture of the pupil of the human eye. In the PPDr measurements described herein, the iris aperture subtends an angle of 18 milliradians.

[0075] The anti-reflective surface may be formed by a multi-layer coating stack formed by alternating layers of high refractive index material and low refractive index material. Such a coating stack may include 6 or more layers. In one or more embodiments, the anti-reflective surface may exhibit a single-sided average light reflectivity of about 2% or less (e.g., about 1.5% or less, about 1% or less, about 0.75% or less, about 0.5% or less, or about 0.25% or less) in an optical wavelength region in the range of about 400 nm to about 800 nm. The average reflectivity is measured at an incident illumination angle of greater than about 0 degrees to less than about 10 degrees.

[0076] The decorative surface may include any aesthetic design formed by a pigment (e.g., ink, paint, and the like), and may include a wood grain design, a brushed metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, or a logo. In one or more embodiments, the decorative surface presents an air joint effect, wherein the decorative surface hides or covers the underlying display when the display is turned off, but allows viewing of the display when the display is turned on. The decorative surface may be printed onto a glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the anti-glare surface includes an etched surface. In one or more embodiments, the anti-reflective surface includes a multi-layer coating. In one or more embodiments, the easy-to-clean surface includes an oleophobic coating that imparts anti-fingerprint properties. In one or more embodiments, the tactile surface includes a raised or recessed surface formed by depositing a polymer or glass material on the surface to provide tactile feedback to the user when touched.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, a surface treatment (i.e., an easy-to-clean surface, an anti-glare surface, an anti-reflective surface, a tactile surface, and / or a decorative surface) is disposed on at least a portion of the periphery of the first and / or second major surfaces, while an interior portion of such surfaces is substantially free of surface treatment.

[0078] FIG. 3A to FIG. 3B An embodiment of dynamically bending an automotive interior display system 100 is shown, wherein the automotive interior display system 100 has a cover substrate 120 disposed above a display (not shown), the cover substrate 120 having a first major surface and a second major surface opposite the first major surface. The system 100 includes a reversible support 140 attached to the second major surface. The second major surface of the cover substrate is adjacent to the display. The reversible support 140 moves the cover substrate from a first radius of curvature (e.g., Figure 3A As shown) dynamically bends to a second radius of curvature (as shown Figure 3B ), and then bend to a first radius of curvature.

[0079] Figure 4A and Figure 4B Respectively illustrated Figure 3A and Figure 3B A top view of the system 100 is shown. Figure 4BAs shown, when dynamically bent, the reversible support 140 is at least partially in contact with the cover substrate. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support can be attached to the cover substrate by adhesion or partial contact.

[0080] In one or more embodiments, the reversible support is a single component. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support can be articulated or corrugated. In one or more specific embodiments, the reversible support can be an articulated support or a segmented support (e.g., FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C 140A, 140B, and 140C). Reversible support 140A is a metal segmented support having a tubular configuration. Reversible support 140B is a continuous track in which a continuous tread band or track shoe is driven by two or more wheels. Reversible support 140C is a bendable material having sections that allow for localized bending along the length of the support.

[0081] In one or more specific embodiments, the reversible support member can be a corrugated support member (e.g., FIG. 6A to FIG. 6D 140D, 140E, 140F, and 140G). Such corrugated supports are not hinged, but include geometric undulations. The material used for the reversible supports can be metal or polymer (e.g., plastic and / or rubber) or a combination thereof. Reversible support 140D is a corrugated panel. Reversible support 140E is a bellows. Reversible support 140F is an accordion rubber material. Reversible support 140G utilizes a metal support rod to reinforce the rubber.

[0082] In one or more embodiments, the reversible support member includes more than one component. Fig. 7A and Figure 7B As shown, the reversible support member includes two interfaces. Fig. 7A A reversible support 140 is shown having a support member 142 and an articulation member 144 defining two interfaces 146 , 148 . Fig. 7A The reversible support is shown when the cover substrate has a first radius of curvature. Figure 7B The illustration shows a reversible support member when the cover substrate is dynamically bent to have a second radius of curvature. The materials at the two interfaces may be adhered to each other, or may be separate components (e.g., Fig. 8A and Figure 8B ). Fig. 8A In the embodiment, the hinge member 144 is adhered to the support member 142. Figure 8BIn one embodiment, the hinge member 144 is adhered to the cover substrate 120. The reversible support member shown in these embodiments can be made of metal or polymer (e.g., plastic and / or rubber) material. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support member can be a spring (which can be a steel spring). In one or more embodiments, the reversible support member can be a corrugated or accordion-shaped material (e.g., a mesh polymer).

[0083] As described herein, a reversible support can provide continuous or regular support to a cover substrate as the cover substrate is dynamically bent in a cycle. An automotive interior display system including such a reversible support can meet HIT requirements at any point in the cycle (including when the bending axis of the cover substrate is affected during HIT).

[0084] In one or more embodiments, the reversible support is in contact with the entire second major surface of the cover substrate. The material of the reversible support is not limited as long as the cover substrate can be dynamically bent along the cycle. In some embodiments, the material can be described as elastic.

[0085] In one or more embodiments, the bending axis is positioned along the first and second major surfaces of the covering substrate at a position along a width in the range of about 0.1*width to about 0.9*width (e.g., 0.2*width to about 0.9*width, 0.25*width to about 0.9*width, 0.3*width to about 0.9*width, 0.*width to about 0.9*width, 0.5*width to about 0.9*width, 0.6*width to about 0.9*width, 0.75*width to about 0.9*width, 0.1*width to about 0.8*width, 0.1*width to about 0.75*width, 0.1*width to about 0.6*width, 0.1*width to about 0.5*width, 0.25*width to about 0.75*width, or 0.4*width to about 0.6*width).

[0086] In one or more embodiments, the bending axis is positioned along the first and second major surfaces of the covering substrate at a position along a length in the range of about 0.1*length to about 0.9*length (e.g., 0.2*length to about 0.9*length, 0.25*length to about 0.9*length, 0.3*length to about 0.9*length, 0.*length to about 0.9*length, 0.5*length to about 0.9*length, 0.6*length to about 0.9*length, 0.75*length to about 0.9*length, 0.1*length to about 0.8*length, 0.1*length to about 0.75*length, 0.1*length to about 0.6*length, 0.1*length to about 0.5*length, 0.25*length to about 0.75*length, or 0.4*length to about 0.6*length).

[0087] In one or more embodiments, the automotive interior display system can meet the HIT requirements. For example, when an impactor having a mass of 6.8 kg impacts the first major surface of the cover substrate at an impact speed of 5.35 m / s to 6.69 m / s, the deceleration of the impactor is 120 g (gravity) or less. In one or more embodiments, within the impact time, for any 3 ms interval, the deceleration of the impactor is no greater than 80 g.

[0088] In one or more embodiments, after the impactor impacts the first major surface at the impact location, the cover substrate is substantially free of local bending at the impact location. In one or more specific embodiments, after the impactor impacts the first major surface at the impact location, the cover substrate bends at the bending axis. In some embodiments, after the impactor impacts the first major surface at the impact location, the cover substrate is substantially free of anticlastic effect.

[0089] In one or more embodiments, the covering substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles (e.g., about 500 cycles or more, about 1000 cycles or more, about 2000 cycles or more, about 5000 cycles or more, about 10,000 cycles or more, about 20,000 cycles or more, about 30,000 cycles or more, about 40,000 cycles or more, about 50,000 cycles or more, about 60,000 cycles or more, about 70,000 cycles or more, about 80,000 cycles or more, about 90,000 cycles or more, about 100,000 cycles or more, about 150,000 cycles or more, about 200,000 cycles or more, or about 500,000 cycles or more) without breaking (e.g., cracking or breaking). In one or more specific embodiments, the cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles (e.g., about 500 cycles or more, about 1000 cycles or more, about 2000 cycles or more, about 5000 cycles or more, about 10,000 cycles or more, about 20,000 cycles or more, about 30,000 cycles or more, about 40,000 cycles or more, about 50,000 cycles or more, about 60,000 cycles or more, about 70,000 cycles or more, about 80,000 cycles or more, about 90,000 cycles or more, about 100,000 cycles or more, about 150,000 cycles or more, about 200,000 cycles or more, or about 500,000 cycles or more) without delamination between the cover substrate system and the display.

[0090] In one or more embodiments, the display is dynamically bendable. In such embodiments, when the reversible support dynamically bends the cover substrate along the bending axis in a cycle, the reversible support dynamically bends the display. In one or more embodiments, the display is dynamically bent along the cycle. In one or more embodiments, the display can be a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, a transmissive display, or other display. In one or more embodiments, the display is curved in an initial state and has a first radius of curvature, and can be dynamically bent to have a radius of curvature that is smaller than the first radius of curvature or a radius of curvature that is larger. In one or more embodiments, the cover substrate presents the same curvature in the initial state and can be dynamically bent with the display. In one or more embodiments, the display is permanently bent, and the cover substrate can be dynamically bent in an area that is not disposed above the display.

[0091] In one or more embodiments, a dynamically bendable automotive interior display system includes: a first frame including a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite to the first frame surface, and a frame edge, a thickness defined as the distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, a frame width defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and a frame length defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an inner surface connecting the first frame surface and the second frame surface. The display 150 is disposed in the frame opening within the inner surface. In one or more embodiments, the dynamically bendable cover substrate described herein is disposed on the first frame surface and above the display. In such an embodiment, a reversible support is attached to at least a portion of the second frame surface and dynamically bends the cover substrate along a bending axis in a cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0092] In one or more embodiments, the display system may include more than one frame. For example, the system may include a second frame (e.g., Figure 3A), the second frame has a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite to the first frame surface, and a frame edge, the thickness is defined as the distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, the frame width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and the frame length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; the frame opening extends from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and is surrounded by an inner surface connecting the first frame surface and the second frame surface. The second display can be disposed in the frame opening within the inner surface of the second frame. In one or more embodiments, the reversible support is attached to the second frame surface of the first frame and the second frame surface of the second frame and is positioned between the first frame and the second frame.

[0093] In one or more embodiments, the bending axis is positioned between the first frame and the second frame.

[0094] Fig.9A and Fig. 9B A perspective front view of a dynamic automotive interior display system is shown, wherein a cover substrate has a cold-bent portion and is dynamically bent from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature toward a passenger and toward a driver, respectively. Fig.9A As shown, system 200 includes a cover substrate that is dynamically bent from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature along a bending axis 201. Display 202 is disposed below a portion of the cover substrate that is not dynamically bent, and a display (not shown) may be disposed on the portion of the cover substrate that is dynamically bent. Fig. 9B In the present invention, system 210 includes a cover substrate that is dynamically bent from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature along a bend axis 211. A display 212 is disposed below the portion of the cover substrate that is dynamically bent, while an optional display (not shown) may be disposed on the portion of the cover substrate that is not dynamically bent.

[0095] FIGS. 10A to 10C illustrate different views of a cover substrate 300 having a first major surface 301, an opposing second major surface 302, and more than one curved portion (e.g., 310, 312, 314, 316, and 318). From the perspective of the first major surface 301, the curved portions form concave surfaces and convex surfaces. Specifically, curved portions 310, 314, and 316 form concave surface shapes, while curved portions 312 and 318 form convex surface shapes. Without being bound by theory, the number of curved portions and / or shapes (convex or concave) formed, as well as the combination and order of the curved portions and shapes are not limited.

[0096] In one or more embodiments, the curved portions are separated by substantially uncurved (or flat) 320. In one or more embodiments, the flat portions manage competing local stresses caused by adjacent curvatures (particularly when the adjacent curvatures are in opposite directions). In one or more embodiments, the length of the flat portions ranges from about 10 mm to about 100 mm, about 20 mm to about 100 mm, about 30 mm to about 100 mm, about 40 mm to about 100 mm, about 50 mm to about 100 mm, about 60 mm to about 100 mm, about 10 mm to about 90 mm, about 10 mm to about 80 mm, about 10 mm to about 70 mm, about 10 mm to about 60 mm, about 10 mm to about 50 mm, or about 25 mm to about 75 mm. In one or more embodiments, the curved substrate has more than one bending axis (e.g., two or more or three or more bending axes). For example, FIGS. 10A to 10C have two bending axes 330, 340. In the illustrated embodiment, the bending axes 330, 340 are embodiments where a portion of the cover substrate is dynamically bent and are substantially vertical; however, they may be horizontal, diagonal, or any other orientation. In one or more embodiments, the subsurface 326 at the portion of the cover substrate that is dynamically bent (indicated by the dashed circle) is located outside the area of ​​the cover substrate that is subjected to the type of impact measured by the HIT. In one or more embodiments, the subsurface 326 at the portion of the cover substrate that is dynamically bent (indicated by the dashed circle) is located within the area of ​​the cover substrate that is subjected to the type of impact measured by the HIT; however, the reversible support may fold when subjected to the impact. In one or more embodiments, one or more bending axes are positioned to reduce stress on the subsurface of the dynamically bent cover substrate. In one or more embodiments, one or more bending axes may be positioned along the shortest length or width dimension of the cover substrate to minimize stress applied to the cover substrate.

[0097] In one or more embodiments, the curved substrate 300 can be dynamically bent from a flat shape to a convex shape and then back to a flat shape, from a flat shape to a concave shape and then back to a flat shape, from a concave shape to a convex shape and then back to a concave shape, from a convex shape to a concave shape and then back to a convex shape, from a concave shape to a flat shape and then back to a concave shape, from a convex shape to a flat shape and then back to a concave shape, from a convex shape to a flat shape and then back to a convex shape, from a concave shape to a flat shape and then back to a convex shape, or from a convex shape to a flat shape and then to a concave shape in a single cycle around a bending axis. As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B , in one or more embodiments, the cover substrate can be folded and can be dynamically bent about a bend axis 350 such that a first radius of curvature when measured from one of the first or second major surfaces is flat and a second radius of curvature (measured from the same first or second major surface where the first radius of curvature is measured) is less than 500 mm, less than 400 mm, less than 300 mm, less than 200 mm, less than 100 mm, or less than 50 mm. In one or more embodiments, as the cover substrate is bent, the underlying display is dynamically bent. The first and second radii of curvature can vary depending on a desired distance 360 ​​between the folded portions of the cover substrate. As shown in FIG. 11A , the second radius of curvature can be minimized, but the distance 360 ​​can be increased. As shown in FIG. 11B , the second radius of curvature can be reduced, but the distance 360 ​​can be increased.

[0098] In one or more embodiments, the covering substrate can be dynamically bent into such a shape along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles (e.g., about 500 cycles or more, about 1000 cycles or more, about 2000 cycles or more, about 5000 cycles or more, about 10000 cycles or more, about 20000 cycles or more, about 30000 cycles or more, about 40000 cycles or more, about 50000 cycles or more, about 60000 cycles or more, about 70000 cycles or more, about 80000 cycles or more, about 90000 cycles or more, about 100000 cycles or more, about 150000 cycles or more, about 200000 cycles or more, or about 500000 cycles or more) without breaking (e.g., cracking or breaking). In one or more specific embodiments, the cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles (e.g., about 500 cycles or more, about 1000 cycles or more, about 2000 cycles or more, about 5000 cycles or more, about 10,000 cycles or more, about 20,000 cycles or more, about 30,000 cycles or more, about 40,000 cycles or more, about 50,000 cycles or more, about 60,000 cycles or more, about 70,000 cycles or more, about 80,000 cycles or more, about 90,000 cycles or more, about 100,000 cycles or more, about 150,000 cycles or more, about 200,000 cycles or more, or about 500,000 cycles or more) without delamination between the cover substrate system and the display.

[0099] One or more displays can be positioned adjacent to the second major surface 302. In one or more embodiments, the display can be dynamically bent as the cover substrate is dynamically bent. In other words, dynamically bending the cover substrate causes the underlying display to dynamically bend around a bending axis that the cover system is bent at.

[0100] In one or more embodiments, the bent and unbent portions of the cover glass can be the same in size and shape, or can be different in size and / or shape from one another. In one or more embodiments, the dynamically bent portion of the cover substrate can have larger length and width dimensions than the portion of the cover substrate that is not dynamically bent.

[0101] In one or more embodiments, the subsurface 326 may have a non-planar profile. For example, the subsurface may have a 2.5D shape, a "C" shape, or a 0.65D shape, or may include one or more chamfers.

[0102] Aspect (1) relates to a dynamically bendable covering substrate, comprising: a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, the width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width, wherein the covering substrate can be dynamically bent around the bending axis in a repeated cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0103] Aspect (2) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (1), wherein the cover substrate comprises a strengthened glass article.

[0104] Aspect (3) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (2), further comprising: a compressive stress (CS) region extending from the first major surface to a depth of compression (DOC), the CS region comprising a maximum CS magnitude (CS) of about 900 MPa or greater. max ) and a CS magnitude of 750 MPa or greater at a depth of about 5 microns; and a central tension (CT) region having a maximum CT magnitude (CT max ) and is disposed at a depth within a range of about 0.25t to about 0.75t from the first major surface, wherein the CS region and the CT region define a stress distribution curve along the thickness.

[0105] Aspect (4) relates to the covering substrate of aspect (3), wherein CT max The magnitude is about 80 MPa or less.

[0106] Aspect (5) relates to the covering substrate of aspect (3) or aspect (4), wherein the distance CT max All points of the CT region within a depth of 0.1t contain a tangent line with a non-zero slope.

[0107] Aspect (6) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (3) to (5), wherein the DOC is about 0.2t or less.

[0108] Aspect (7) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (6), wherein the DOC is about 0.1t or less.

[0109] Aspect (8) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (3) to (7), wherein CT max Disposed at a depth in a range of about 0.4t to about 0.6t from the first major surface.

[0110] Aspect (9) relates to a covering substrate of any one of aspects (3) to (8), wherein at least a portion of the stress distribution curve includes a peak region, a tail region, and a knee region between the peak region and the tail region extending from the first major surface, wherein all points of the stress distribution curve in the peak region include a tangent line having a slope with a magnitude in the range of about 15 MPa / micrometer to about 200 MPa / micrometer, and all points in the tail region include a tangent line having a slope with a magnitude in the range of about 0.01 MPa / micrometer to about 3 MPa / micrometer.

[0111] Aspect (10) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (9), wherein the CS magnitude in the peak region is in the range of greater than 200 MPa to about 1500 MPa.

[0112] Aspect (11) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (9) or aspect (10), wherein the knee region comprises a CS value in the range of about 5 MPa to about 200 MPa.

[0113] Aspect (12) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (9) or aspect (10), wherein the knee region extends from about 10 microns to about 50 microns from the first major surface.

[0114] Aspect (13) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (9) to (12), wherein the tail region extends from about the knee region to the CT max Depth.

[0115] Aspect (14) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (9) to (13), wherein the tail region includes one or both of a compressive stress tail region and a tensile stress tail region.

[0116] Aspect (15) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (1) to (14), wherein t is in the range of about 0.05 mm to about 2 mm.

[0117] Aspect (16) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (1) to (15), wherein one or both of the first major surface and the second major surface comprises a surface treatment.

[0118] Aspect (17) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (16), wherein the surface treatment covers at least a portion of the first major surface and the second major surface.

[0119] Aspect (18) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (16) or aspect (17), wherein the surface treatment comprises any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an anti-glare surface, an anti-reflection surface, a tactile surface, and a decorative surface.

[0120] Aspect (19) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (18), wherein the surface treatment comprises at least two of any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an anti-glare surface, an anti-reflection surface, a tactile surface, and a decorative surface.

[0121] Aspect (20) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (19), wherein one of the first major surface and the second major surface includes an anti-glare surface, and the other of the first major surface and the second major surface includes an anti-reflection surface.

[0122] Aspect (21) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (19), wherein the first major surface includes one or both of an anti-glare surface and an anti-reflection surface, and the second major surface includes a decorative surface.

[0123] Aspect (22) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (19), wherein the first major surface comprises an anti-reflection surface, and the second major surface comprises one or both of an anti-glare surface and a decorative surface.

[0124] Aspect (23) relates to the cover substrate of aspect (19), wherein the decorative surface is provided on at least a portion of the periphery, and the inner portion is substantially free of the decorative surface.

[0125] Aspect (24) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (19) to (23), wherein the decorative surface comprises any one of a wood grain design, a brushed metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo.

[0126] Aspect (25) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (19) to (24), wherein the anti-glare surface comprises an etched surface, and wherein the anti-reflection surface comprises a multi-layer coating.

[0127] Aspect (26) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (1) to (25), wherein the cover substrate substantially does not include an anti-crack film.

[0128] Aspect (27) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (2) to (26), wherein when the glass article is bent from the first position to the second position, the CS at the first major surface max An increase of more than about 8%.

[0129] Aspect (28) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (2) to (27), wherein when the glass article is bent from a first position to a second position comprising a radius of curvature of about 500 mm, the DOC increases by more than about 300%, and a second compression depth (DOC) measured from the second major surface is less than about 10%. 2 ) decreased by less than 15%.

[0130] Aspect (29) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (2) to (28), wherein when the glass article is bent from the first position to the second position comprising a radius of curvature of about 250 mm, the DOC increases by more than about 600%, and the second compression depth (DOC) measured from the second major surface is less than about 10%. 2 ) is reduced by less than about 25%.

[0131] Aspect (30) relates to the covering substrate of aspect (29), wherein CT max Increase by 250% or less.

[0132] Aspect (31) relates to the covering substrate of aspect (29), wherein CT max An increase of 400% or less.

[0133] Aspect (32) relates to the cover substrate of any one of aspects (1) to (31), wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than the second radius of curvature.

[0134] Aspect (33) relates to a display system comprising: a display; a dynamically bendable covering substrate assembly disposed above the display; wherein the covering substrate assembly comprises a covering substrate, the covering substrate having a first major surface, a second major surface opposite to the first major surface, a secondary surface connecting the first major surface and the second major surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, the thickness being defined as the distance between the first major surface and the second major surface, the width being defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length being defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width; and a reversible support member, the reversible support member being attached to at least a portion of the second major surface of the covering substrate to dynamically bend the covering substrate around the bending axis in a repeated cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0135] Aspect (34) relates to the display system of aspect (33), wherein when an impactor having a mass of 6.8 kg impacts the first major surface at an impact speed of 5.35 m / s to 6.69 m / s, a deceleration of the impactor is 120 g (gravity) or less.

[0136] Aspect (35) relates to the display system of aspect (34), wherein during the impact time, for any 3 ms interval, the deceleration of the impactor is no greater than 80 g.

[0137] Aspect (36) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (35), wherein the first radius of curvature is approximately 10,000 mm or less.

[0138] Aspect (37) relates to the display system of aspect (36), wherein the cover substrate comprises a cold-bent glass product.

[0139] Aspect (38) relates to the display system of aspect (36), wherein the cover substrate comprises a thermoformed glass article.

[0140] Aspect (39) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (35), wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than about 10,000 mm.

[0141] Aspect (40) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (39), wherein the reversible support is in contact with the second major surface along the bending axis.

[0142] Aspect (41) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (40), wherein the reversible support comprises an elastic material.

[0143] Aspect (42) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (41), further comprising an adhesive covering between the substrate assembly and the display.

[0144] Aspect (43) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to aspect (42), wherein the bending axis is positioned along the first and second major surfaces using about 0.1*width to about 0.9*width.

[0145] Aspect (44) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to aspect (43), wherein the bending axis is positioned along the first and second major surfaces using about 0.1*length to about 0.9*length.

[0146] Aspect (45) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (44), wherein after the first major surface is impacted at the impact location by the impactor, the cover substrate has substantially no local bending at the impact location.

[0147] Aspect (46) relates to the display system of aspect (45), wherein after the first major surface is impacted at the impact position by the impactor, the cover substrate is bent at the bending axis.

[0148] Aspect (47) relates to the display system of aspect (45) or aspect (46), wherein after the first major surface is impacted by the impactor at the impact location, the cover substrate has substantially no anticlastic effect.

[0149] Aspect (48) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to aspect (47), wherein the cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles.

[0150] Aspect (49) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (42) to (48), wherein the cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles without delamination occurring between the cover substrate system and the display.

[0151] Aspect (50) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to (49), wherein the thickness is 1.5 mm or less.

[0152] Aspect (51) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (33) to aspect (50), wherein the display is dynamically bendable.

[0153] Aspect (52) relates to the display system of aspect (51), wherein the reversible support dynamically bends the display as the reversible support dynamically bends the cover substrate along the bending axis in a cycle.

[0154] Aspect (53) relates to the display system of aspect (52), wherein the display is dynamically bent along a loop.

[0155] Aspect (54) relates to a display system comprising: a first frame, the first frame comprising a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite to the first frame surface, and a frame edge, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, the frame width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and the frame length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an internal surface connecting the first frame surface and the second frame surface; a display disposed in the frame opening within the internal surface; and a dynamically bendable cover substrate disposed on the first frame. On the surface, and arranged above the display, the covering substrate has a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, the thickness is defined as the distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, the width is defined as the first dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as the second dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness and the width; and a reversible support member, the reversible support member is attached to at least a portion of the second frame surface, and the covering substrate is dynamically bent along the bending axis in a cycle from the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature.

[0156] Aspect (55) relates to the display system of aspect (54), further comprising a second frame, the second frame comprising a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite to the first frame surface, and a frame edge, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, the frame width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces that is orthogonal to the frame thickness, and the frame length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces that is orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an inner surface connecting the first frame surface and the second frame surface; and a second display disposed in the frame opening within the inner surface of the second frame, wherein a reversible support is attached to the second frame surface of the first frame and the second frame surface of the second frame, and positioned between the first frame and the second frame.

[0157] Aspect (56) relates to the display system of aspect (55), wherein the bending axis is positioned between the first frame and the second frame.

[0158] Aspect (57) relates to the display system of aspect (55), wherein the cover substrate comprises a plurality of bending axes.

[0159] Aspect (58) relates to a display system of any one of aspects (54) to (57), wherein when an impactor having a mass of 6.8 kg impacts the first major surface at an impact velocity of 5.35 m / s to 6.69 m / s, a deceleration of the impactor is 120 g (gravity) or less.

[0160] Aspect (59) relates to the display system of aspect (58), wherein during the impact time, for any 3 ms interval, the deceleration of the impactor is no greater than 80 g.

[0161] Aspect (60) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (59), wherein the first radius of curvature is approximately 10,000 mm or less.

[0162] Aspect (61) relates to the display system of aspect (60), wherein the cover substrate comprises a cold-bent glass product.

[0163] Aspect (62) relates to the display system of aspect (61), wherein the cover substrate comprises a thermoformed glass article.

[0164] Aspect (63) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (62), wherein the first radius of curvature is greater than about 10,000 mm.

[0165] Aspect (64) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (63), wherein the reversible support includes a contact surface, and 50% or more of the contact surface is in contact with the second major surface.

[0166] Aspect (65) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (64), wherein the reversible support comprises an elastic material.

[0167] Aspect (66) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to (65), further comprising an adhesive covering the substrate and the first frame surface.

[0168] Aspect (67) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to (66), further comprising an adhesive covering between the substrate and the display.

[0169] Aspect (68) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (67), wherein the bending axis is located along the first and second major surfaces using about 0.1*width to about 0.9*width of the cover substrate.

[0170] Aspect (69) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (68), wherein the bending axis is positioned along the first and second major surfaces using about 0.1*length to about 0.9*length of the cover substrate.

[0171] Aspect (70) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to (69), wherein after the first major surface is impacted at the impact location by the impactor, the cover substrate has substantially no local bending at the impact location.

[0172] Aspect (71) relates to the display system of aspect (70), wherein after the first major surface is impacted at the impact position by the impactor, the cover substrate is bent at the bending axis.

[0173] Aspect (72) relates to the display system of aspect (70) or aspect (71), wherein after the first major surface is impacted by the impactor at the impact location, the cover substrate has substantially no anticlastic effect.

[0174] Aspect (73) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (72), wherein the cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles.

[0175] Aspect (74) relates to a display system of any one of aspects (54) to (73), wherein the cover substrate is capable of being dynamically bent along a bending axis for more than 100 cycles without delamination occurring between the cover substrate and the display or between the cover substrate and the frame.

[0176] Aspect (75) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to (74), wherein the thickness of the cover substrate is 1.5 mm or less.

[0177] Aspect (76) relates to the display system of any one of aspects (54) to aspect (75), wherein the display is dynamically bendable.

[0178] Aspect (77) relates to the display system of aspect (76), wherein the reversible support dynamically bends the display as the reversible support dynamically bends the cover substrate along the bending axis in a cycle.

[0179] Aspect (78) relates to the display system of aspect (77), wherein the display is dynamically bent along a loop.

[0180] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A dynamically bendable cover substrate, comprising: a first major surface, a second major surface opposite the first major surface, a minor surface connecting the first major surface and the second major surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, wherein the thickness is defined as the distance between the first major surface and the second major surface, the width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width, wherein the cover substrate is dynamically bendable about the bending axis in repeated cycles from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature, When an impactor having a mass of 6.8 kg impacts the first main surface at an impact speed of 5.35 m / s to 6.69 m / s, a deceleration of the impactor is 120 g (gravity) or less. 2 . The cover substrate according to claim 1 , wherein the cover substrate comprises a strengthened glass article.

3. The cover substrate according to claim 2, further comprising a compressive stress (CS) region extending from the first major surface to a depth of compression (DOC), the compressive stress (CS) region comprising a maximum CS magnitude (CS) of 900 MPa or more. max ) and a CS value of 750 MPa or more at a depth of 5 microns; and The central tension (CT) area has the largest CT value (CT max ), and is disposed at a depth in a range of 0.25t to 0.75t from the first main surface, The compressive stress (CS) region and the central tension (CT) region define a stress distribution curve along the thickness.

4. The cover substrate according to claim 3, wherein the maximum CT magnitude (CT max ) value is 80MPa or less.

5. The cover substrate according to claim 3, wherein the distance from the maximum CT magnitude (CT max ) all points of the central tension (CT) region within the depth 0.1t of the CT region contain a tangent with a non-zero slope. The cover substrate according to claim 3 , wherein the depth of compression (DOC) is 0.2t or less. 7 . The cover substrate according to claim 6 , wherein the depth of compression (DOC) is 0.1t or less.

8. The cover substrate according to claim 3, wherein the maximum CT magnitude (CT max ) is arranged at a depth within a range of 0.4t to 0.6t from the first major surface.

9. The cover substrate according to claim 3, wherein: At least a portion of the stress distribution includes a peak region, a tail region, and a knee region between the peak region and the tail region extending from the first major surface, wherein all points of the stress distribution in the peak region include tangents having a slope ranging from 15 MPa / micrometer to 200 MPa / micrometer, and all points in the tail region include tangents having a slope ranging from 0.01 MPa / micrometer to 3 MPa / micrometer.

10. The cover substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The CS amplitude in the peak region is in the range of greater than 200 MPa to 1500 MPa.

11. The cover substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The knee region includes a CS value in the range of 5 MPa to 200 MPa.

12. The cover substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The knee region extends from 10 microns to 50 microns from the first major surface.

13. The cover substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The caudal region extends from the knee region to the maximum CT value (CT max )’s depth.

14. The cover substrate according to claim 9, wherein: The tail region includes one or both of a compressive stress tail region and a tensile stress tail region.

15. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: t is in the range of 0.05 mm to 2 mm.

16. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: One or both of the first major surface and the second major surface include a surface treatment.

17. The cover substrate according to claim 16, wherein: The surface treatment covers at least a portion of the first major surface and the second major surface.

18. The cover substrate according to claim 16, wherein: The surface treatment includes any one of an easy-to-clean surface, an anti-glare surface, an anti-reflective surface, a tactile surface, and a decorative surface.

19. The cover substrate according to claim 18, wherein: The surface treatment includes at least two of an easy to clean surface, an anti-glare surface, an anti-reflective surface, a tactile surface, and a decorative surface.

20. The cover substrate according to claim 19, wherein One of the first major surface and the second major surface includes an anti-glare surface, and the other of the first major surface and the second major surface includes the anti-reflection surface.

21. The cover substrate according to claim 19, wherein The first major surface includes one or both of the anti-glare surface and the anti-reflection surface, and the second major surface includes the decorative surface.

22. The cover substrate according to claim 19, wherein The first major surface includes the anti-reflection surface, and the second major surface includes one or both of the anti-glare surface and the decorative surface.

23. The cover substrate according to claim 19, wherein The decorative surface is disposed on at least a portion of the periphery, and the interior is substantially free of the decorative surface.

24. The cover substrate according to claim 19, wherein The decorative surface includes any one of a wood grain design, a brushed metal design, a graphic design, a portrait, and a logo.

25. The cover substrate according to claim 19, wherein The anti-glare surface comprises an etched surface, and wherein the anti-reflective surface comprises a multi-layer coating.

26. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The cover substrate is substantially free of the anti-debris film.

27. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 2 to 14, wherein When the glass article is bent from the first position to the second position, the CS at the first major surface max An increase of more than 8%.

28. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 3 to 14, wherein When the glass article is bent from the first position to a second position comprising a radius of curvature of 500 mm, the depth of compression (DOC) increases by more than 300%, and a second depth of compression (DOC2) measured from the second major surface decreases by less than 15%.

29. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 3 to 14, wherein When the glass article is bent from a first position to a second position including a radius of curvature of 250 mm, the depth of compression (DOC) increases by more than 600% and a second depth of compression (DOC2) measured from the second major surface decreases by less than 25%.

30. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 29, wherein: The maximum CT value (CT max ) increased by 250% or less.

31. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 29, wherein The maximum CT value (CT max ) increased by 400% or less.

32. The cover substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The first radius of curvature is greater than the second radius of curvature.

33. A display system comprising: monitor; A dynamically bendable cover substrate assembly disposed above the display; The covering substrate assembly includes A cover substrate having a first major surface, a second major surface opposite to the first major surface, a minor surface connecting the first major surface and the second major surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, wherein the thickness is defined as a distance between the first major surface and the second major surface, the width is defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length is defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second major surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width; as well as a reversible support attached to at least a portion of the second major surface of the cover substrate and configured to dynamically bend the cover substrate about the bending axis in a repeating cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature, When an impactor having a mass of 6.8 kg impacts the first main surface at an impact speed of 5.35 m / s to 6.69 m / s, a deceleration of the impactor is 120 g (gravity) or less.

34. The display system according to claim 33, wherein: During the impact time, for any 3ms interval, the deceleration of the impactor is no greater than 80g.

35. The display system according to claim 33, wherein: The first radius of curvature may be 10,000 mm or less.

36. The display system according to claim 35, wherein: The cover substrate comprises cold-bent glass.

37. The display system according to claim 35, wherein: The cover substrate includes a thermoformed glass article.

38. The display system according to claim 33, wherein: The first radius of curvature is greater than 10,000 mm.

39. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: The reversible support is in contact with the second major surface along the bending axis.

40. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: The reversible support comprises a resilient material.

41. The display system of any one of claims 33 to 38, further comprising an adhesive between the cover substrate assembly and the display.

42. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: The bending axis is located at 0.1*width to 0.9*width along the first and second major surfaces.

43. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: The bending axis is located at 0.1*length to 0.9*length along the first and second major surfaces.

44. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: After the first main surface is struck by the striker at the striking location, the cover substrate has substantially no local bending at the striking location.

45. The display system according to claim 44, wherein: After the first major surface is struck by a striker at an impact location, the cover substrate bends at a bending axis.

46. ​​The display system of claim 44, wherein: The cover substrate is substantially free of anti-plastic effects after the first major surface is impacted by an impactor at an impact location.

47. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: The cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles.

48. A display system according to any one of claims 33-38, wherein: The cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles without delamination between the cover substrate system and the display.

49. A display system according to any one of claims 33 to 38, wherein: The thickness is 1.5 mm or less.

50. A display system according to any one of claims 33-38, wherein: The display is dynamically bendable.

51. The display system of claim 50, wherein: The reversible support dynamically bends the display as the reversible support dynamically bends the cover substrate along the bend axis during the cycle.

52. The display system according to claim 51, wherein: The display dynamically bends along the loop.

53. A display system comprising: a first frame comprising a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite the first frame surface, and a frame edge, a thickness defined as a distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, a frame width defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and a frame length defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an inner surface connecting the first frame surface to the second frame surface; a display disposed in the frame opening within the interior surface; a dynamically bendable cover substrate disposed on the first frame surface and above the display, the cover substrate having a first main surface, a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, a secondary surface connecting the first main surface and the second main surface, a thickness, a width, a length, and a bending axis, the thickness being defined as a distance between the first main surface and the second main surface, the width being defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to the thickness, and the length being defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second main surfaces orthogonal to both the thickness and the width; as well as a reversible support attached to at least a portion of the second frame surface and configured to dynamically bend the cover substrate along the bending axis in a cycle from a first radius of curvature to a second radius of curvature and from the second radius of curvature to the first radius of curvature, When an impactor with a mass of 6.8 kg impacts the first main surface at an impact speed of 5.35 m / s to 6.69 m / s, the deceleration of the impactor is less than or equal to 120 grams (gravity).

54. The display system of claim 53, further comprising: a second frame comprising a first frame surface, a second frame surface opposite the first frame surface, and a frame edge, a thickness defined as a distance between the first frame surface and the second frame surface, a frame width defined as a first dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness, and a frame length defined as a second dimension of one of the first or second frame surfaces orthogonal to the frame thickness and the frame width; a frame opening extending from the first frame surface to the second frame surface and surrounded by an inner surface connecting the first frame surface to the second frame surface; as well as a second display disposed in the frame opening within the interior surface of the second frame, Wherein the reversible support is attached to the second frame surface of the first frame and the second frame surface of the second frame and is positioned between the first frame and the second frame.

55. The display system of claim 54, wherein: The bending axis is located between the first frame and the second frame.

56. The display system of claim 54, wherein: The cover substrate includes a plurality of bending axes.

57. The display system of claim 53, wherein: During the impact time, for any 3ms interval, the deceleration of the impactor is no greater than 80g.

58. The display system of claim 54, wherein: The first radius of curvature is 10,000 mm or less.

59. The display system of claim 58, wherein: The cover substrate comprises cold-bent glass.

60. The display system of claim 59, wherein: The cover substrate comprises a thermoformed glass article.

61. The display system of claim 54, wherein: The first radius of curvature is greater than 10,000 mm.

62. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The reversible support includes a contact surface, and 50% or more of the contact surface is in contact with the second major surface.

63. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The reversible support comprises a resilient material.

64. The display system of any one of claims 54 to 61 further comprising an adhesive between the cover substrate and the first frame surface.

65. The display system of any one of claims 54 to 61 further comprising an adhesive between the cover substrate and the display.

66. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The bending axis is located at a position between 0.1*width and 0.9*width of the cover substrate along the first and second major surfaces.

67. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The bending axis is located at a position between 0.1*length and 0.9*length of the cover substrate along the first and second major surfaces.

68. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: After the first main surface is struck by the striker at the striking location, the cover substrate has substantially no local bending at the striking location.

69. The display system of claim 68, wherein: After the first major surface is impacted by an impactor at an impact location, the cover substrate bends at a bending axis.

70. The display system of claim 68, wherein: The cover substrate is substantially free of anti-plastic effects after the first major surface is impacted by an impactor at an impact location.

71. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles.

72. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The cover substrate is capable of dynamically bending along the bending axis for more than 100 cycles without delamination between the cover substrate and the display or between the cover substrate and the display.

73. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The cover substrate has a thickness of 1.5 mm or less.

74. A display system according to any one of claims 54 to 61, wherein: The display is dynamically bendable.

75. The display system of claim 74, wherein: The reversible support dynamically bends the display as the reversible support dynamically bends the cover substrate along the bend axis during the cycle.

76. The display system of claim 75, wherein: The display dynamically bends along the loop.

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