Suction nozzle device, road sweeper and road sweeping method

Abstract

The present invention provides a nozzle device, a washing and sweeping vehicle, and a washing and sweeping method. The nozzle device includes: a substrate; a housing assembly; a pipe assembly. A first opening and a second opening on the pipe wall of the pipe assembly are both communicated with the inner cavity of the housing assembly, and a part of the inner hole of the pipe assembly and the inner cavity of the housing assembly form a suction channel; an opening and closing device is movably arranged in the suction channel, the opening and closing device passes through the second opening, and the opening and closing device has an open state for opening the pipe assembly and a closed state for closing the pipe assembly; a reset member is located in the suction channel and applies a reset force to the opening and closing device. When the suction force in the suction channel is less than or equal to the reset force, the opening and closing device is in the closed state. When the suction force in the suction channel is greater than the reset force, the opening and closing device switches from the closed state to the open state. The technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem that the negative pressure in the box in the related art is generated slowly and unstably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sanitation engineering machinery, and in particular, to a suction nozzle device, a washing and sweeping vehicle, and a washing and sweeping method. Background Art

[0002] The main work of a washing and sweeping vehicle is to perform road surface cleaning and suction operations, and the suction operation is an important part of the work of the washing and sweeping vehicle. The washing and sweeping vehicle in the related art includes a vehicle body, a box body arranged on the vehicle body, a fan arranged on the vehicle body, a suction cup arranged on the vehicle body, and a wind duct connecting the box body and the suction cup. The suction port of the fan is communicated with the box body, and the exhaust port of the fan is communicated with the atmosphere. The suction operation is realized by making the box body in a "vacuum state" to generate negative pressure. The speed of generating negative pressure and the magnitude of the negative pressure determine the suction capacity of the washing and sweeping vehicle.

[0003] In the related art, the negative pressure of the washing and sweeping vehicle is generated by the fan evacuating the air in the box body. Since the exhaust port is communicated with the outside atmosphere, a fan with a relatively large power needs to be matched to make the amount of gas extracted larger than the amount of gas entering the box body, so as to slowly form negative pressure in the box body and realize the suction capacity of the washing and sweeping vehicle. During the washing and sweeping process, the fan needs to operate at a high power to maintain the suction capacity. There are two problems here:

[0004] First, the negative pressure in the box body is generated slowly and unstably, resulting in poor suction capacity of the washing and sweeping vehicle;

[0005] Second, the box body of the large-tonnage (more than 18 tons) washing and sweeping vehicle is relatively large, and the fan selected has a high power and a large volume, which is easy to cause waste of electricity and difficult layout, and it is difficult to maintain generalization with the small-tonnage (8 tons - 12 tons) washing and sweeping vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main object of the present invention is to provide a suction nozzle device, a washing and sweeping vehicle, and a washing and sweeping method to solve the problem that the negative pressure in the box body in the related art is generated slowly and unstably.

[0007] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a nozzle device is provided, comprising: a substrate; a housing assembly disposed on the substrate; a pipe assembly passing through the substrate and the housing assembly, with a first opening and a second opening on the pipe wall of the pipe assembly both communicating with the inner cavity of the housing assembly, the first opening being above the second opening, and a part of the inner hole of the pipe assembly and the inner cavity of the housing assembly forming a suction channel; an opening and closing device movably disposed in the suction channel, the opening and closing device passing through the second opening, and the opening and closing device having an open state for opening the pipe assembly and a closed state for closing the pipe assembly; a reset member located in the suction channel and applying a reset force to the opening and closing device, wherein when the suction force in the suction channel is less than or equal to the reset force, the opening and closing device is in the closed state, and when the suction force in the suction channel is greater than the reset force, the opening and closing device switches from the closed state to the open state.

[0008] Further, the opening and closing device includes a sliding member, the reset member is an elastic reset member, the elastic reset member is connected to the sliding member, the sliding member passes through the second opening, and under the action of the elastic reset member, the sliding member can block the inner hole of the pipe assembly so that the opening and closing device is in the closed state.

[0009] Further, there are two sliding members, and the elastic reset member is connected between the two sliding members.

[0010] Further, the sliding member includes a sliding plate, a piston and a connecting member, the piston is disposed at the end of the sliding plate, the connecting member is disposed on the sliding plate, the elastic reset member is connected to the connecting member, and the sliding plate can pass through the second opening and extend into the pipe assembly.

[0011] Further, the housing assembly includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing is disposed on the substrate, the inner cavity of the first housing forms a first cavity, and the first cavity communicates with the second opening; a part of the second housing is disposed on the substrate, and the other part is disposed above the first housing, the inner cavity of the second housing forms a second cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are connected and jointly form a suction channel with a part of the inner hole of the pipe assembly, the opening and closing device is movably disposed in the first cavity, and the second cavity communicates with the first opening.

[0012] Further, the pipe assembly includes a first pipe body and a second pipe body, the first pipe body and the second pipe body are arranged in the up and down direction, the first pipe body passes through the first housing and the second housing, the second pipe body passes through the substrate, the first opening is disposed on the first pipe body, and the gap between the first pipe body and the second pipe body forms the second opening.

[0013] Further, the first housing includes a housing body and a third tube disposed within the housing body. The inner bore of the third tube forms a slideway. The first end of the opening and closing device is located within the slideway, and the second end of the opening and closing device can pass through the second opening. The nozzle device further includes a reinforcing rib, a part of the reinforcing rib is connected to the third tube, and the other part is connected to the substrate. The first housing further includes an end plate, the end plate is connected between the second housing and the housing body, and a communication port communicating the first cavity and the second cavity is provided on the end plate.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a road sweeper is provided, which includes a vehicle body, a box body, a blower tube, and a suction cup. The box body and the suction cup are both disposed on the vehicle body. The first end of the blower tube is communicated with the suction cup, and the second end of the blower tube is communicated with the box body. The road sweeper further includes a nozzle device, and the nozzle device is installed between the inlet of the blower tube and the outlet of the suction cup, and the nozzle device is the above-mentioned nozzle device.

[0015] Further, the road sweeper further includes a blower disposed on the vehicle body. The suction port of the blower is communicated with the box body, and the discharge port of the blower is communicated with the atmosphere. The inner diameter of the inner bore of the pipe assembly of the nozzle device is smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge port of the blower.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a road sweeping method is provided, which includes the following steps: sucking garbage through the pipe assembly. Wherein, when the suction force in the pipe assembly is less than or equal to the opening force of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device is in a closed state of closing the pipe assembly, and when the suction force in the pipe assembly is greater than the opening force of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device is in an open state of opening the pipe assembly.

[0017] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, the nozzle device includes: a substrate, a housing assembly, a pipe assembly, a reset member, and an opening and closing device. The housing assembly is disposed on the substrate. The pipe assembly passes through the substrate and the housing assembly. The first opening and the second opening on the pipe wall of the pipe assembly are both communicated with the inner cavity of the housing assembly. The first opening is located above the second opening. A partial inner hole of the pipe assembly and the inner cavity of the housing assembly form a suction channel. The opening and closing device is movably disposed in the suction channel. The setting of the suction channel enables a gas flow channel to be formed when the fan operates, so that the suction force generated by the fan directly acts on the opening and closing device. The opening and closing device passes through the second opening. The opening and closing device has an open state for opening the pipe assembly and a closed state for closing the pipe assembly. The reset member is located in the suction channel and applies a reset force to the opening and closing device. In the present application, when the suction force in the suction channel is less than or equal to the reset force, the opening and closing device is in the closed state. When the suction force in the suction channel is greater than the reset force, the opening and closing device switches from the closed state to the open state. The nozzle device can be installed between the air duct and the suction cup. When the fan of the road sweeper operates, when the suction force in the suction channel is less than or equal to the reset force, the opening and closing device is in the closed state. When the opening and closing device is in the closed state, the suction force generated by the fan can extract the air in the box body. At this time, the opening and closing device blocks the inner hole of the pipe assembly and forms a closed system with the box body. In this way, the inside of the box body can always be in a negative pressure state, and at the same time, the opening and closing device blocks the inner hole of the pipe assembly to prevent the garbage in the box body or the air duct from falling. When the fan continues to operate, the suction force in the suction channel increases. When the suction force in the suction channel is greater than the reset force, the opening and closing device switches from the closed state to the open state. After the opening and closing device is in the open state, the air discharge volume of the fan is greater than the air intake volume of the pipe assembly. At this time, the negative pressure in the box body can be quickly formed and maintained stably. The opening and closing device will always remain in the open state during the operation of the fan, so that the suction operation of the fan can be kept stable and the box body is in a negative pressure state. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can solve the problem that the negative pressure in the box body in the related art is generated slowly and unstably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 shows a front view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the nozzle device according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 shows Figure 1 a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the nozzle device;

[0021] Figure 3 shows Figure 2Partial schematic diagram of the nozzle device;

[0022] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 Schematic perspective view of the nozzle device after removing the first housing;

[0023] Figure 5 Shows Figure 1 Exploded view schematic diagram of the nozzle device;

[0024] Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 Exploded view schematic diagram of the opening and closing device of the nozzle device;

[0025] Figure 7 Shows Figure 5 Exploded view schematic diagram of the housing assembly of the nozzle device;

[0026] Figure 8 Shows Figure 5 Exploded view schematic diagram of the pipeline assembly of the nozzle device;

[0027] Figure 9 Shows the front view schematic diagram of an embodiment of the road sweeper according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 Shows Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram at position A of the road sweeper; and

[0029] Figure 11 Shows Figure 9 Workflow diagram of the nozzle device of the road sweeper.

[0030] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Nozzle device; 10. Substrate; 20. Housing assembly; 21. First housing; 211. Housing body; 212. Third pipe body; 213. End plate; 22. Second housing; 23. First cavity; 24. Second cavity; 30. Pipeline assembly; 31. First opening; 32. Second opening; 33. First pipe body; 34. Second pipe body; 35. Inner hole; 40. Opening and closing device; 41. Sliding member; 411. Slide plate; 412. Piston; 413. Connecting member; 42. Elastic reset member; 50. Reinforcing rib; 61. Vehicle body; 62. Box body; 63. Air duct; 64. Suction cup; 65. Fan; 651. Air exhaust port; 70. Sealing seat; 71. Ring plate; 72. Enclosing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The description of at least one exemplary embodiment below is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships. Technologies, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0035] Such as Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 9As shown in the figure, the nozzle device of this embodiment includes: a substrate 10, a housing assembly 20, a pipe assembly 30, a reset member, and an opening and closing device 40. The housing assembly 20 is disposed on the substrate 10. The pipe assembly 30 penetrates through the substrate 10 and the housing assembly 20. Both the first port 31 and the second port 32 on the pipe wall of the pipe assembly 30 communicate with the inner cavity of the housing assembly 20. The first port 31 is located above the second port 32. A partial inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 and the inner cavity of the housing assembly 20 form a suction channel. The opening and closing device 40 is movably disposed in the suction channel. The opening and closing device 40 penetrates through the second port 32. The opening and closing device 40 has an open state for opening the pipe assembly 30 and a closed state for closing the pipe assembly 30. The reset member is located in the suction channel and applies a reset force to the opening and closing device 40. In this embodiment, when the suction force F in the suction channel is less than or equal to the reset force, the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state. When the suction force F in the suction channel is greater than the reset force, the opening and closing device 40 switches from the closed state to the open state.

[0036] Applying the technical solution of this embodiment, a part of the inner hole 35 of the pipeline component 30 and the inner cavity of the housing component 20 form a suction channel. The opening and closing device 40 is movably arranged in the suction channel. In this way, the setting of the suction channel enables a gas flow channel to be formed when the fan works, so that the suction force F generated by the fan directly acts on the opening and closing device 40. The opening and closing device 40 penetrates through the second opening 32. The opening and closing device 40 has an open state for opening the pipeline component 30 and a closed state for closing the pipeline component 30. The resetting member is located in the suction channel and applies a resetting force to the opening and closing device 40. In this application, when the suction force F in the suction channel is less than or equal to the resetting force, the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state. When the suction force F in the suction channel is greater than the resetting force, the opening and closing device 40 switches from the closed state to the open state. The suction nozzle device can be installed between the air duct and the suction cup, and the setting of the pipeline component 30 can form a channel for garbage and gas to enter the box body. When the fan of the road sweeper works, when the suction force F in the suction channel is less than or equal to the resetting force, the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state. The opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state, and the suction force F generated by the fan can extract the air in the box body. At this time, the opening and closing device 40 blocks the inner hole 35 of the pipeline component 30 and forms a closed system with the box body. In this way, the inside of the box body can always be in a negative pressure state. At the same time, the opening and closing device 40 blocks the inner hole 35 of the pipeline component 30 to prevent the garbage in the box body or the air duct from falling. When the fan continues to work, the suction force F in the suction channel is increased to do work. When the suction force F in the suction channel is greater than the resetting force, the opening and closing device 40 switches from the closed state to the open state. After the opening and closing device 40 is in the open state, the air discharge volume of the fan is greater than the air intake volume of the pipeline component 30. At this time, the negative pressure in the box body can be quickly formed and maintained stably. The opening and closing device 40 will always remain in the open state during the operation of the fan, so that the suction operation of the fan can be kept stable and the box body is in a negative pressure state. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment can solve the problem that the negative pressure in the box body in the related art is generated slowly and unstably.

[0037] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, in this embodiment, the opening and closing device 40 includes a sliding member 41. The resetting member is an elastic resetting member 42, and the elastic resetting member 42 is connected to the sliding member 41. The sliding member 41 penetrates through the second opening 32. Under the action of the elastic resetting member 42, the sliding member 41 can block the inner hole 35 of the pipeline component 30 so that the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state. The elastic resetting member 42 has a simple structure and is convenient to process and use. The elastic resetting member 42 is connected to the sliding member 41, so that a resetting force can be directly applied to the sliding member 41, and the movement of the sliding member 41 can be accurately controlled to improve the movement speed of the sliding member 41. It should be noted that the resetting force applied by the resetting member of this embodiment to the opening and closing device 40 is the elastic force Fa applied by the elastic resetting member 42 to the sliding member 41.

[0038] As shown Figures 3 to 6 In this embodiment, there are two sliding members 41, and the elastic reset member 42 is connected between the two sliding members 41. In this way, when the suction force F in the suction channel is less than or equal to the elastic force Fa exerted by the elastic reset member 42, the two sliding members 41 are closed, the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state, and the two sliding members 41 block the inner hole 35; when the suction force F in the suction channel is greater than the elastic force Fa exerted by the elastic reset member 42, the two sliding members 41 are pulled apart, the opening and closing device 40 is in the open state, and the inner hole 35 can be unobstructed. There are two elastic reset members 42 in this embodiment, and the two elastic reset members 42 are respectively located on both sides of the pipeline assembly 30. Of course, in embodiments not shown in other figures, the number of sliding members is not limited to two, and can also be one, three or more. It should be noted that the number and elastic force of the elastic reset member can be selected according to the magnitude of the suction force, as long as it matches the negative pressure in the box body. The elastic reset member 42 in this embodiment is preferably a helical spring, a gas spring, a diaphragm spring, etc.

[0039] As shown Figures 3 to 6 In this embodiment, the sliding member 41 includes a slide plate 411, a piston 412 and a connecting member 413. The piston 412 is arranged at the end of the slide plate 411, the connecting member 413 is arranged on the slide plate 411, and the elastic reset member 42 is connected to the connecting member 413. The arrangement of the piston 412 can, on the one hand, reduce the friction with the wall of the suction channel cavity, and on the other hand, also ensure the sealing effect between the piston 412 and the suction channel. The slide plate 411 can pass through the second opening 32 and extend into the pipeline assembly 30. In this way, when the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state, the two end faces of the two slide plates 411 arranged opposite to each other can abut and contact, blocking the inner hole 35 of the pipeline assembly 30 on the one hand, and blocking the garbage in the air duct and the box body on the other hand to prevent it from falling or showing. The connecting member 413 in this embodiment is preferably a connecting plate. The connecting member 413 is perpendicular to the slide plate 411. The slide plate 411 in this embodiment is made of a light and high-strength material, such as an aluminum alloy plate, a glass fiber material, a carbon fiber material, etc.

[0040] As shown Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the housing assembly 20 includes a first housing 21 and a second housing 22. The first housing 21 is disposed on the substrate 10. The inner cavity of the first housing 21 forms a first cavity 23, and the first cavity 23 communicates with the second opening 32. A part of the second housing 22 is disposed on the substrate 10, and another part is disposed above the first housing 21. The inner cavity of the second housing 22 forms a second cavity 24. In this way, the first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24 can be communicated to ensure the normal flow of gas. The first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24 are connected and jointly form a suction channel with a part of the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30. The opening and closing device 40 is movably disposed in the first cavity 23. In this way, the first cavity 23 defines the movement range of the opening and closing device 40, so that the opening and closing device 40 moves between the first housing 21 and the substrate 10, preventing the opening and closing device 40 from moving in the up and down directions. The second cavity 24 communicates with the first opening 31. The elastic reset member 42 is located in the first housing 21. The housing assembly 20 of this embodiment is made of a lightweight and high-strength material, such as an aluminum alloy plate, a glass fiber material, a carbon fiber material, etc.

[0041] Such as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, the pipe assembly 30 includes a first pipe body 33 and a second pipe body 34. The first pipe body 33 and the second pipe body 34 are arranged in the up and down direction. The first pipe body 33 penetrates through the first housing 21 and the second housing 22, and the second pipe body 34 penetrates through the substrate 10. The first opening 31 is disposed on the first pipe body 33. The gap between the first pipe body 33 and the second pipe body 34 forms the second opening 32. The setting of the second opening 32 can avoid the opening and closing device 40, so that the opening and closing device 40 can smoothly penetrate into the inner hole of the pipe assembly 30. In addition, the opening and closing device 40 can separate the first pipe body 33 and the second pipe body 34 and block the inner holes of the first pipe body 33 and the second pipe body 34, so that a closed system can be formed inside the box.

[0042] It should be noted that the aperture of the inner hole of the first pipe body 33 in this embodiment is equal to the aperture of the inner hole of the second pipe body 34, both of which are equal to D1. The inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 in this embodiment is the inner hole of the first pipe body 33 or the inner hole of the second pipe body 34.

[0043] Such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the first housing 21 includes a housing body 211 and a third tube 212 disposed within the housing body 211. The inner bore of the third tube 212 forms a slideway, with the first end of the opening and closing device 40 located within the slideway, and the second end of the opening and closing device 40 capable of passing through the second opening 32. In this way, the slide plate 411, the connecting member 413, and the elastic reset member 42 are all located within the housing body 211. During the movement of the opening and closing device 40, the housing body 211 and the substrate 10 can block the slide plate 411 and the connecting member 413, preventing the slide plate 411 and the connecting member 413 from moving vertically. Specifically, the third tube 212 is an integrally formed structure, and the piston 412 is located within the slideway. The slideway can form a preset track to play a guiding role. The slideway is smooth-treated, allowing the piston 412 to slide left and right within the slideway.

[0044] As Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, the third tube 212 is connected to the substrate 10. The nozzle device further includes a reinforcing rib 50. A part of the reinforcing rib 50 is connected to the third tube 212, and the other part is connected to the substrate 10. The setting of the reinforcing rib 50 can improve the structural strength of the connection between the third tube 212 and the substrate 10. The first housing 21 further includes an end plate 213, which is connected between the second housing 22 and the housing body 211. A communication port for communicating the first cavity 23 and the second cavity 24 is provided on the end plate 213. The setting of the end plate 213 can seal the second housing 22 and the housing body 211.

[0045] The nozzle device further includes a sealing seat 70, which includes an annular plate 71 and a surrounding plate 72 surrounding the annular plate 71. The annular plate 71 is connected to the end of the pipe assembly 30. The sealing seat 70 is used for installing a circular rubber gasket, and the circular rubber gasket is placed on the annular plate 71. In this way, when the nozzle device is installed between the air duct and the suction cup, the circular rubber gasket can seal the gap between the pipe assembly 30 and the air duct.

[0046] This application also provides a road sweeper. As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the road sweeper of this embodiment includes a vehicle body 61, a box body 62, an air duct 63, and a suction cup 64. The box body 62 and the suction cup 64 are both arranged on the vehicle body 61. The first end of the air duct 63 is connected to the suction cup 64, and the second end of the air duct 63 is connected to the box body 62. The road sweeper further includes a nozzle device 1, which is installed between the inlet of the air duct 63 and the outlet of the suction cup 64, and the nozzle device is the above-mentioned nozzle device. The road sweeper of this embodiment can solve the problem of slow and unstable generation of negative pressure within the box body in the related art.

[0047] In the related art, the air outlet of the fan is communicated with the outside atmosphere. A fan with a relatively large power needs to be matched to achieve a larger amount of gas extracted than the amount of gas entering the box body, so as to slowly form a negative pressure in the box body. Since the inner diameter of the air outlet of the fan is smaller than the inner diameter of the first end of the air duct, a high-power fan needs to be selected, which increases the assembly cost of the washing and sweeping vehicle. As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, in this embodiment, the washing and sweeping vehicle further includes a fan 65 disposed on the vehicle body 61, and the air suction port of the fan 65 is communicated with the box body 62. The air outlet of the fan 65 is communicated with the atmosphere. To solve the problem of increasing the assembly cost of the washing and sweeping vehicle, the aperture D1 of the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 of the suction nozzle device 1 is smaller than the inner diameter D2 of the air outlet 651 of the fan 65. In this way, the above aperture relationship enables the washing and sweeping vehicle to achieve a larger amount of gas extracted from the air outlet 651 than the amount of gas entering the box body through the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 without selecting a high-power fan in the related art, reducing the assembly cost of the washing and sweeping vehicle. At the same time, the above aperture relationship enables the fan to be universal. On the one hand, it can solve the problems of high power consumption and difficult layout caused by the large box body matched by large-tonnage (above 18 tons) washing and sweeping vehicles, and on the other hand, it can solve the problem of difficulty in maintaining generalization with small-tonnage (8 tons to 12 tons) washing and sweeping vehicles.

[0048] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 11 shown, the working principle of the suction nozzle device of the washing and sweeping vehicle in this embodiment is as follows:

[0049] When the washing and sweeping vehicle starts to operate and the fan 65 starts to run, the air in the box body 62 is first extracted, and the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state. At this time, the opening and closing device 40 and the box body 62 form a closed system, and the negative pressure generated in the box body 62 is P1 ( Figure 2 the upward arrow above the housing assembly 20 shown), the outside atmospheric pressure is P ( Figure 2 the downward arrow below the housing assembly 20 shown), and the outside atmospheric pressure P is about 101.3 kPa. At this time, the atmospheric pressure difference generated in the suction channel is (P - P1), the cross-sectional area of the third pipe body 212 in the suction channel is S, and the suction force generated in the suction channel is F = (P - P1) / S. The initial set elastic coefficient of the elastic resetting member 42 is k(a), the radius of the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 is r. When the gas in the suction channel applies a suction force F to the opening and closing device 40, the opening and closing device 40 is in the open state, the deformation amount of the elastic resetting member 42 is r, and the elastic force of the elastic resetting member 42 is Fa = k(a)×r. Figure 3The left arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the force on F, and the right arrow indicates the direction of the force on Fa. When F > Fa, the pipe assembly 30 opens, and then the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 will be fully opened. The air discharge volume of the fan 65 (determined by the cross-sectional area of the air discharge port 651 of the fan 65) V1 > the air intake volume of the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 (determined by the cross-sectional area of the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30) V2. At this time, a negative pressure is formed and maintained stably in the box body 62, and the suction cup 64 starts to work. When F ≤ Fa, the opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state, and the pipe assembly 30 is closed. At this time, the opening and closing device 40 and the box body 62 form a closed system.

[0050] When the fan 65 of the road sweeper is turned off and stops working, no negative pressure is generated in the box body 62. At this time, the negative pressure in the box body 62 returns to the atmospheric pressure P, and no pressure difference is generated inside and outside the box body 62 (P - P1 = 0). The suction force F generated in the suction channel = 0 < Fa, and the elastic reset member 42 starts to do work against the elastic force. The opening and closing device 40 is in the closed state, and the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 is closed again to seal the box body 62 to prevent garbage from falling during the driving of the road sweeper, thereby improving the sweeping effect of the road sweeper.

[0051] From the above principle, it can be seen that during the process when the opening and closing device 40 is in the open state, the vacuum pumping process of the fan 65 is related to the cross-sectional area of the air discharge port 651 of the fan 65. When the opening and closing device 40 is in the open state, since the air intake cross-section of the inner hole 35 of the pipe assembly 30 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the air discharge port 651 of the air discharge port 651 of the fan 65, the air discharge volume is greater than the air intake volume, which is convenient for the fan 65 to have universality.

[0052] This application also provides a sweeping method. The sweeping method of this embodiment includes the following steps: sucking garbage through the pipe assembly. Among them, when the suction force in the pipe assembly is less than or equal to the opening force of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device is in the closed state of closing the pipe assembly. When the suction force in the pipe assembly is greater than the opening force of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device is in the open state of opening the pipe assembly. In this way, the sweeping method of this embodiment can solve the problem that the negative pressure in the box body in the related art is generated slowly and unstably. It should be noted that the opening force of the opening and closing device is the reset force applied by the reset member to the opening and closing device.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary instructions, these orientation words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0054] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "over", "on the upper surface", "upper" etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature shown in the drawings with other devices or features. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the drawings for the device. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will then be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both the orientations of "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations should be made for the spatial relative descriptions used here.

[0055] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first", "second", etc. to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above words have no special meanings. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

[0056] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nozzle device, characterized in that, Comprising: a substrate (10); a housing assembly (20) disposed on the substrate (10); a pipe assembly (30) passing through the substrate (10) and the housing assembly (20), a first opening (31) and a second opening (32) on the pipe wall of the pipe assembly (30) being in communication with the inner cavity of the housing assembly (20), the first opening (31) being above the second opening (32), and a part of the inner hole (35) of the pipe assembly (30) and the inner cavity of the housing assembly (20) forming a suction channel; an opening and closing device (40) movably disposed in the suction channel, the opening and closing device (40) passing through the second opening (32), the opening and closing device (40) having an open state for opening the pipe assembly (30) and a closed state for closing the pipe assembly (30); a reset member located in the suction channel and applying a reset force to the opening and closing device (40), wherein the reset member is an elastic reset member (42), and the elastic reset member (42) is a helical spring or a gas spring or a diaphragm spring; When the suction force in the suction channel is less than or equal to the reset force, the opening and closing device (40) is in the closed state, and when the suction force in the suction channel is greater than the reset force, the opening and closing device (40) switches from the closed state to the open state.

2. The nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening and closing device (40) includes a sliding member (41), the elastic reset member (42) is connected to the sliding member (41), the sliding member (41) passes through the second opening (32), and under the action of the elastic reset member (42), the sliding member (41) can block the inner hole (35) of the pipe assembly (30) so that the opening and closing device (40) is in the closed state.

3. The nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two sliding members (41), and the elastic reset member (42) is connected between the two sliding members (41).

4. The nozzle device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding member (41) includes a slide plate (411), a piston (412) and a connecting member (413), the piston (412) is disposed at the end of the slide plate (411), the connecting member (413) is disposed on the slide plate (411), the elastic reset member (42) is connected to the connecting member (413), and the slide plate (411) can pass through the second opening (32) and extend into the pipe assembly (30).

5. The nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the housing assembly (20) includes a first housing (21) and a second housing (22), the first housing (21) is disposed on the substrate (10), a first cavity (23) is formed in the inner cavity of the first housing (21), and the first cavity (23) is in communication with the second opening (32); A part of the second housing (22) is disposed on the substrate (10), and another part is disposed above the first housing (21). An inner cavity of the second housing (22) forms a second cavity (24). The first cavity (23) and the second cavity (24) communicate with each other and jointly form the suction channel with a part of the inner hole (35) of the pipe assembly (30). The opening and closing device (40) is movably disposed in the first cavity (23), and the second cavity (24) communicates with the first port (31).

6. The nozzle device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pipe assembly (30) includes a first pipe body (33) and a second pipe body (34). The first pipe body (33) and the second pipe body (34) are arranged in the up-and-down direction. The first pipe body (33) penetrates through the first housing (21) and the second housing (22), and the second pipe body (34) penetrates through the substrate (10). The first port (31) is disposed on the first pipe body (33), and a gap between the first pipe body (33) and the second pipe body (34) forms the second port (32).

7. The nozzle device according to claim 5, wherein The first housing (21) includes a housing body (211) and a third pipe body (212) disposed in the housing body (211). An inner hole of the third pipe body (212) forms a slideway. A first end of the opening and closing device (40) is located in the slideway, and a second end of the opening and closing device (40) can pass through the second port (32). The nozzle device further includes a reinforcing rib (50). A part of the reinforcing rib (50) is connected to the third pipe body (212), and another part is connected to the substrate (10). The first housing (21) further includes an end plate (213). The end plate (213) is connected between the second housing (22) and the housing body (211), and a communication port communicating the first cavity (23) and the second cavity (24) is disposed on the end plate (213).

8. A washing and sweeping vehicle, comprising a vehicle body (61), a box body (62), a blower tube (63) and a suction cup (64). The box body (62) and the suction cup (64) are both arranged on the vehicle body (61). A first end of the blower tube (63) is communicated with the suction cup (64), and a second end of the blower tube (63) is communicated with the box body (62), and is characterized in that, The road sweeper further includes a nozzle device (1). The nozzle device (1) is installed between an inlet of the air duct (63) and an outlet of the suction cup (64), and the nozzle device is the nozzle device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The road sweeper according to claim 8, wherein The road sweeper further includes a blower (65) disposed on the vehicle body (61). An air suction port of the blower (65) communicates with the box body (62), and an air discharge port of the blower (65) communicates with the atmosphere. An inner diameter (D1) of an inner hole (35) of the pipe assembly (30) of the nozzle device (1) is smaller than an inner diameter (D2) of the air discharge port (651) of the blower (65).

10. A washing and sweeping method, characterized in that, Sweeping and washing are achieved by the road sweeper according to claim 8 or 9. The sweeping and washing method includes the following steps: Suck garbage through a pipeline component. Among them, when the suction force in the pipeline component is less than or equal to the opening force of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device is in a closed state of closing the pipeline component, and when the suction force in the pipeline component is greater than the opening force of the opening and closing device, the opening and closing device is in an open state of opening the pipeline component.

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