Cutting arm of mining machine

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cutting arm of a mining machine. The boom of the cutting arm includes a straight arm portion, a motor mounting portion protruding rearward from the proximal end of the straight arm portion, and a drum mounting portion protruding forward from the distal end of the straight arm portion. A cutting motor, a transmission system, and a clutch mechanism are arranged in the inner cavity of the boom. The cutting motor is located in the motor mounting portion. The transmission system is arranged from near to far in the straight arm portion and the drum mounting portion according to the transmission direction. The final stage of the transmission system is located in the drum mounting portion. A small-diameter drum is coaxially fixed to the output end of the final stage of the transmission. Upper and lower inclined planes are respectively provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the middle and far sections of the straight arm portion. The inclination direction is such that the thickness of the straight arm portion becomes thinner from top to bottom as it gets closer to the distal end, so that the middle and far sections of the straight arm portion form a thin strip-like structure with a relatively thin thickness from top to bottom. The present invention can enable the mining machine to maintain sufficient down-cutting and roof-picking amounts, and is suitable for the mining of ore and rock working faces with a large mining range and complex geological conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a cutting arm of a mining machine, which is particularly suitable for mining thin ore layers and ore rock working faces with a large mining range and relatively complex geological conditions, and belongs to the technical field of well mining machinery. Background Art

[0002] For the mining of thin bauxite ore layers, the geological conditions are often complex. Not only do soil-like ore layers coexist with rock-like waste materials, but the thickness of the ore layers varies greatly. Therefore, not only a large cutting force is required, but also the mining machine needs to be short and adaptable to the mining of thick ore layers. According to conventional design rules, a larger cutting force usually means that a larger power cutting motor, a thicker cutting arm with thicker upper and lower arms, and a larger diameter roller are required. A short mining machine requires the cutting arm to have sufficient down-cutting amount relative to the conveying device and sufficient top-lifting amount relative to the support top beam. However, a thicker cutting arm often leads to insufficient down-cutting amount and top-lifting amount, which seriously affects mining. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the above-mentioned structural layout problems of heavy-duty, wide-mining-height thin-layer mining machines. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a cutting arm for a mining machine, which can provide a large cutting force while enabling the mining machine to maintain sufficient down-cutting and top-lifting amounts, so that a short-body, high-power mining machine is suitable for mining in ore and rock working faces with a large mining range and complex geological conditions.

[0004] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0005] A mining machine cutting arm, comprising an arm frame, a cutting motor, a transmission system, a clutch mechanism and a small-diameter roller, wherein the proximal end of the arm frame is provided with a mounting interface structure for connecting with a mining machine body, and when the arm frame is mounted on the mining machine body, the distal end of the arm frame is cantilevered and away from the body, the arm frame comprises a straight arm portion and a motor mounting portion protruding rearward from the proximal end of the straight arm portion, and a roller mounting portion protruding forward from the distal end of the straight arm portion, the cutting motor, the transmission system and the clutch mechanism are all arranged in an inner cavity of the arm frame, the cutting motor is located at the motor mounting portion, and the transmission system is arranged from near to far in the straight arm portion according to the transmission direction. An arm portion and a roller mounting portion, wherein the final transmission of the transmission system is located at the roller mounting portion, the small diameter roller is sleeved outside the roller mounting portion and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the final transmission, the first transmission of the transmission system is coaxially arranged in front of the cutting motor, and the input end of the first transmission is connected or disconnected from the cutting motor through the clutch mechanism, and the top surface and bottom surface of the middle and far ends of the straight arm portion are respectively provided with an upper inclined plane and a lower inclined plane, and the inclination direction is such that the closer the straight arm portion is to the far end, the thinner the upper and lower thickness is, so that the middle and far ends of the straight arm portion form a thin strip structure with thin upper and lower thicknesses.

[0006] The transmission system preferably includes a high-speed planetary mechanism, a fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism, a fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism and a low-speed planetary mechanism connected in sequence according to the transmission direction, the high-speed planetary mechanism and the low-speed planetary mechanism are respectively the first-stage transmission and the final-stage transmission of the transmission system, the high-speed planetary mechanism and the fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism are arranged in the proximal inner cavity of the straight arm part, and the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism is arranged in the middle and distal sections of the straight arm part.

[0007] The fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism may include a fixed-axis transition front gear, a fixed-axis transition intermediate gear and a fixed-axis transition rear gear which are connected in sequence by external meshing transmission. The fixed-axis transition front gear, the fixed-axis transition intermediate gear and the fixed-axis transition rear gear use gears with smaller diameters, and the diameter of the fixed-axis transition rear gear is not larger than that of the fixed-axis transition front gear and the fixed-axis transition intermediate gear.

[0008] The high-speed planetary mechanism may include a high-speed sun gear, a high-speed planetary gear, a high-speed planetary carrier and a high-speed inner gear ring. The high-speed inner gear ring is circumferentially fixed on the arm support. The high-speed sun gear and the high-speed planetary carrier are respectively the input end and the output end of the first-stage transmission.

[0009] The fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism may include a fixed-axis reduction pinion, a fixed-axis reduction intermediate gear and a fixed-axis reduction gear connected in sequence with external meshing transmission, the fixed-axis reduction pinion is rotatably supported on the arm, and the high-speed planetary carrier is coaxially spline-connected with the fixed-axis reduction pinion.

[0010] The transmission ratio of the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism is preferably between 0.8 and 1.2.

[0011] The cutting motor is preferably a multi-pole motor with 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 poles.

[0012] It is further preferred that the distal rear edges of the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane are chamfered to form an upper chamfered surface and a lower chamfered surface respectively, and the rear edge of the straight arm portion located at the end farther than the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane is arranged to be a tapered surface with a larger front and a smaller rear, called an inclined guide surface, and the distal ends of the upper chamfered surface and the lower chamfered surface are connected via the inclined guide surface.

[0013] The arm support may be a split structure, including a split arm and a split transition seat, the mounting interface structure is arranged on the split transition seat, and the split arm and the split transition seat are mounted and fixed via a connector.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The top and bottom surfaces of the middle and far sections of the straight arm part of the boom are respectively provided with an upper inclined plane and a lower inclined plane, so that the upper and lower thicknesses of the straight arm part become smaller closer to the distal end, and the middle and far sections of the boom have a thin strip-like structure with a relatively small upper and lower thickness, which provides a guarantee for the small-diameter drum to have a large roof cutting amount and a large undercut amount relative to the front beam of the support and the conveyor trough side respectively.

[0016] The present invention adopts a special transmission system with a large reduction ratio at the first and last sections and only power transmission at the middle section, creating conditions for setting the middle and far sections of the cutting boom, which have a greater impact on the mining state, into a thin strip-like structure as much as possible. At the same time, a small-diameter drum is equipped, providing a fundamental guarantee for obtaining a larger roof cutting amount and a larger undercut amount of the cutting boom relative to the support and the conveyor respectively.

[0017] The present invention adopts a multi-pole cutting motor and a special transmission system with a large reduction ratio at the first and last sections and only power transmission at the middle section, which can make the structural layout of the cutting boom more flexible.

[0018] The present invention adopts a far section boom with a thin strip-like structure, making it easier for ore to cross the boom from the top and enter the conveyor trough, improving the loading effect of the straight arm boom structure under the small-diameter drum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the front view (right cutting boom) of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the horizontal sectional view of;

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the lower swing state diagram of the shown embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the upper swing state diagram of the shown embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 is the partial sectional view of the high-speed planetary mechanism and the fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism;

[0024] Figure 6 is the partial sectional view of the high-speed planetary mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 is the partial sectional view of the fixed-axis intermediate transmission mechanism;

[0026] Figure 8 is the front view (right cutting boom) of the split arm of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 is the front view (right cutting boom) of the transition frame of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is the sectional view of the limit positions of the present invention with respect to the support and the conveyor;

[0029] Figure 11 This is the front view of the state where the cutting arm of the present invention is installed on the mining machine body;

[0030] Figure 12 This is the top view of the state where the cutting arm of the present invention is installed on the mining machine body.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Boom; 11. Upper inclined plane and lower inclined plane; 111. Upper chamfered surface and lower chamfered surface; 112. Inclined guiding surface; 191. Split arm; 192. Split transition seat; 193. Connecting member;

[0033] 21. High-speed planetary mechanism; 211. High-speed sun gear; 212. High-speed planet gear; 213. High-speed internal gear ring; 2131. Card slot; 214. High-speed bearing; 215. High-speed pin; 216. High-speed planet carrier; 22. Fixed-axis reduction drive mechanism; 221. Fixed-axis reduction pinion; 222. Fixed-axis reduction intermediate gear; 223. Fixed-axis reduction large gear; 224. Fixed-axis reduction bearing seat; 23. Fixed-axis transition drive mechanism; 231. Fixed-axis transition front gear; 232. Fixed-axis transition intermediate gear; 233. Fixed-axis transition rear gear; 24. Low-speed planetary mechanism;

[0034] 3. Cutting motor;

[0035] 4. Clutch mechanism; 41. Torque shaft;

[0036] 5. Small-diameter drum;

[0037] 7. Machine body; 71. Cutting arm connecting member; 72. Cutting arm oil cylinder;

[0038] 8. Support; 81. Support top surface; 82. Bottom surface of the front beam of the support;

[0039] 9. Conveyor; 91. Conveyor bottom surface; 92. Top surface of the conveyor trough side;

[0040] A. Undercutting amount; B. Roof cutting amount. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The present invention discloses a cutting arm of a mining machine, as Figures 1-12As shown in the figure, it includes a boom 1, a cutting motor 3, a transmission system, a clutch mechanism 4, and a small-diameter drum 5. The boom 1 is connected to the mining machine body 7 through a cutting boom connecting piece 71 and a cutting boom oil cylinder 72. In this article, each part of the boom is named according to the distance from the boom to the mining machine body 7 when the boom is installed on the mining machine body 7. The proximal end of the boom is provided with an installation interface structure for connecting to the mining machine body, such as a connecting ear seat. The distal end of the boom extends and is away from the body. The boom includes a straight arm part, a motor installation part protruding rearward from the proximal end of the straight arm part, and a drum installation part protruding forward from the distal end of the straight arm part. The cutting motor, the transmission system, and the clutch mechanism are all arranged in the inner cavity of the boom. The cutting motor 3 is located in the motor installation part. The transmission system is arranged from near to far in the straight arm part and the drum installation part according to the transmission direction. Among them, the final-stage transmission of the transmission system is located in the drum installation part. The small-diameter drum is sleeved outside the drum installation part and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the final-stage transmission. The primary transmission of the transmission system is coaxially arranged in front of the cutting motor. The input end of the primary transmission is connected or disconnected from the cutting motor through the clutch mechanism. The cutting motor 3 transmits power through the clutch mechanism 4 to the small-diameter drum 5 through the transmission system for output. The top surface and the bottom surface of the middle and far sections of the straight arm part are respectively provided with an upper inclined plane and a lower inclined plane 11 (the inclination here can be relative to the parallel top surface and bottom surface of the proximal section of the straight arm part, or relative to the plane where the axes of each stage of the transmission system are located). The inclination direction is such that the closer the straight arm part is to the distal end, the thinner the thickness from top to bottom, so that the middle and far sections of the straight arm part form a thin strip structure with a relatively thin thickness from top to bottom. In the mining of thin coal seams, when the straight arm part is in the extreme states of upward picking and downward cutting, the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane can respectively reach positions close to parallel to the bottom surface 82 of the front beam of the support 8 and the top surface 92 of the trough side of the conveyor 9, thereby respectively obtaining the maximum roof cutting amount B (the distance from the highest point of the drum to the top surface of the support 81) and the downward cutting amount A (the distance from the lowest point of the drum to the bottom surface of the conveyor 91) of the small-diameter drum 5.

[0042] The transmission system includes a high-speed planetary mechanism 21, a fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism 22, a fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism 23 and a low-speed planetary mechanism 24 connected in sequence according to the transmission direction. The high-speed planetary mechanism and the low-speed planetary mechanism are respectively the first-stage transmission and the final-stage transmission of the transmission system. The high-speed planetary mechanism and the fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism are arranged at the near section of the straight arm, and the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism is arranged at the middle and far section of the straight arm. The cutting motor 3 transmits the power through the clutch mechanism 4 through the first-stage transmission located at the near section of the boom, i.e., the high-speed planetary mechanism 21 or / and the fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism 22, and then transmits the power through the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism 23 located at the middle and far section of the boom, and finally transmits the power through the final stage transmission, i.e., the low-speed planetary mechanism 24 located at the far end of the boom, and transmits the power to the small-diameter roller 5 connected to the low-speed planetary mechanism 24 for output.

[0043] Since both the first-stage transmission and the final-stage transmission adopt planetary mechanisms, they are not only small in size and light in weight, but also have large bearing capacity and high speed ratio. Therefore, the sizes of other stages of transmission and rollers can be greatly reduced without changing the power output of the cutting arm. This is beneficial to the reduction of the overall size of the arm and the further reduction of the size of the far end of the arm compared to the near end. Therefore, the mining machine can provide a large cutting force while maintaining sufficient cutting and top picking amount, making the corresponding mining machine suitable for mining in ore and rock working faces with a large mining height range and complex geological conditions.

[0044] The fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism includes a fixed-axis transition front gear 231, a fixed-axis transition intermediate gear 232 and a fixed-axis transition rear gear 233 which are connected in sequence by external meshing transmission. Since the high-speed planetary mechanism bears a large load, and the high-speed planetary mechanism and the fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism have already undergone two-stage reduction, the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism mainly plays the role of power transmission, and there is no need to consider the reduction ratio, so each gear can use a gear with a smaller diameter, thereby allowing the upper and lower thicknesses of the middle and far sections of the straight arm portion to be thinner. The smaller diameter mentioned here refers to a smaller diameter than the conventional fixed-axis reduction transmission gear in the existing cutting arm. Since the middle and far sections of the straight arm portion are closer to the highest position and the lowest position than other parts of the straight arm portion when the cutting arm is in the upper and lower swing limit states, the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism uses a gear with a smaller diameter, which is beneficial to increase the amount of cutting and the amount of top picking. Furthermore, among the gears of the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism, it is preferred to use a fixed-axis transition rear gear with a smaller diameter, for example, the diameter of the fixed-axis transition rear gear is not larger than the fixed-axis transition front gear and the fixed-axis transition intermediate gear, so that the upper and lower thicknesses of the distal shell of the straight arm portion can be further reduced, and when a small-diameter roller is matched, a larger amount of undercutting and lifting can be obtained. There can be multiple fixed-axis transition intermediate gears.

[0045] The high-speed planetary mechanism includes a high-speed sun gear 211, a high-speed planetary gear 212, a high-speed planetary carrier 216 and a high-speed inner gear ring 213. The high-speed inner gear ring and the arm are circumferentially positioned by installing a plurality of high-speed pins 215, and the axis of the high-speed pin 215 is arranged along the axial extension of the high-speed inner gear ring. The high-speed sun gear and the high-speed planetary carrier are respectively the input end and the output end of the first-stage transmission. The power is transmitted to the high-speed sun gear 211 through the clutch mechanism 4, and the high-speed sun gear 211 transmits the power to the high-speed planetary carrier by meshing with the high-speed planetary gear 212. The clutch mechanism transmits the power to the high-speed sun gear through the positioning and push-pull connection between the torque shaft 41 at its front end and the high-speed sun gear 211.

[0046] The fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism includes a fixed-axis reduction pinion 221, a fixed-axis reduction intermediate gear 222, and a fixed-axis reduction large gear 223 which are connected in sequence by external meshing transmission. The fixed-axis reduction pinion is rotatably supported on a fixed-axis reduction bearing seat 224, and the fixed-axis reduction bearing seat is fixedly installed in the inner cavity of the arm frame. The high-speed planet carrier is coaxially spline-connected with the fixed-axis reduction pinion, and the fixed-axis reduction pinion receives power from the high-speed planet carrier. The high-speed inner gear ring 213 and the fixed-axis reduction bearing seat 224 are spaced apart in the axial direction by setting a slot 2131. The high-speed planet carrier is rotatably supported on the inner side of the high-speed inner gear ring through the high-speed bearing 214.

[0047] The transmission ratio of the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism is close to 1, for example, may be between 0.8 and 1.2.

[0048] The cutting motor is preferably a multi-pole motor, and the number of poles may be 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12.

[0049] The chamfers at the rear edges of the distal ends of the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane form an upper chamfered surface and a lower chamfered surface 111, respectively. The rear edges of the ends of the straight arm portion that are located farther than the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane are arranged to form a tapered curved surface that is larger in the front and smaller in the rear. The distal ends of the upper chamfered surface and the lower chamfered surface are connected via the tapered curved surface. The tapered curved surface is called an inclined guide surface 112. The arrangement of the upper chamfered surface, the lower chamfered surface 111 and the inclined guide surface 112 can, on the one hand, further reduce the thickness of the distal end of the straight arm portion, further increase the top-lifting amount and the bottom-cutting amount, and on the other hand, avoid possible interference between the arm and the support or the conveyor when the arm is swung up or down, thereby playing a guiding role. The thin strip structure and the upper chamfered surface, the lower chamfered surface and the inclined guide surface make it easier for the mineral material to cross the arm from the top and enter the conveyor trough, thereby improving the loading effect of the straight arm structure under the small-diameter roller.

[0050] The arm can be a split structure, such as Figure 8 , 9As shown, it includes a split arm 191 and a split transition seat 192. The installation interface structure is arranged on the split transition seat, and the split arm and the split transition seat can be installed and fixed through a connecting piece 193. For a double-drum mining machine, when the boom adopts a split structure, the split arms of the left and right cutting arms are symmetrical left and right, so that the split arms can be interchanged in the left and right cutting arms, making production simpler.

Claims

1. A cutting arm for a mining machine, Features: It includes a boom, a cutting motor, a transmission system, a clutch mechanism and a small-diameter roller. The proximal end of the boom is provided with a mounting interface structure for connecting to the body of the mining machine. When the boom is installed on the body of the mining machine, the distal end of the boom is cantilevered and away from the body. The boom includes a straight arm portion and a motor mounting portion protruding rearward from the proximal end of the straight arm portion and a roller mounting portion protruding forward from the distal end of the straight arm portion. The cutting motor, transmission system and clutch mechanism are all arranged in the inner cavity of the boom. The cutting motor is located at the motor mounting portion. The transmission system is arranged from near to far in the transmission direction at the straight arm portion and the roller mounting portion, wherein the final transmission of the transmission system is located at the roller mounting portion, the small-diameter roller is sleeved outside the roller mounting portion and is coaxially fixedly connected to the output end of the final transmission, and the first-stage transmission of the transmission system It is coaxially arranged in front of the cutting motor, and the input end of the first-stage transmission is connected or disconnected from the cutting motor through the clutch mechanism. The top surface and bottom surface of the middle and far sections of the straight arm are respectively provided with an upper inclined plane and a lower inclined plane, and the inclination direction is a direction in which the upper and lower thicknesses of the straight arm become thinner as it approaches the far end, so that the middle and far sections of the straight arm form a thin strip structure with thinner upper and lower thicknesses; the transmission system includes a high-speed planetary mechanism, a fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism, a fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism and a low-speed planetary mechanism connected in sequence according to the transmission direction, the high-speed planetary mechanism and the low-speed planetary mechanism are respectively the first-stage transmission and the final-stage transmission of the transmission system, the high-speed planetary mechanism and the fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism are arranged at the near section of the straight arm, and the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism is arranged at the middle and far section of the straight arm.

2. The mining machine cutting arm according to claim 1, Features: The fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism includes a fixed-axis transition front gear, a fixed-axis transition intermediate gear and a fixed-axis transition rear gear which are connected in sequence by external meshing transmission. The fixed-axis transition front gear, the fixed-axis transition intermediate gear and the fixed-axis transition rear gear use gears with smaller diameters, and the diameter of the fixed-axis transition rear gear is not larger than that of the fixed-axis transition front gear and the fixed-axis transition intermediate gear.

3. The mining machine cutting arm according to claim 2, Features: The high-speed planetary mechanism includes a high-speed sun gear, a high-speed planetary gear, a high-speed planetary carrier and a high-speed inner gear ring. The high-speed inner gear ring is circumferentially fixed on the arm support. The high-speed sun gear and the high-speed planetary carrier are respectively the input end and the output end of the first-stage transmission.

4. The mining machine cutting arm according to claim 3, Features: The fixed-axis reduction transmission mechanism comprises a fixed-axis reduction pinion, a fixed-axis reduction intermediate gear and a fixed-axis reduction gear which are connected in sequence with external meshing transmission. The fixed-axis reduction pinion is rotatably supported on the arm, and the high-speed planetary carrier is coaxially spline-connected with the fixed-axis reduction pinion.

5. The mining machine cutting arm according to claim 1, Features: The transmission ratio of the fixed-axis transition transmission mechanism is between 0.8 and 1.

2.

6. A mining machine cutting arm as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, Features: The cutting motor adopts a multi-pole motor, and the number of poles is 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12.

7. The cutting arm of the mining machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: Chamfers are respectively formed at the rear distal edges of the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane to form an upper chamfer surface and a lower chamfer surface. The straight arm portion is provided with a tapered curved surface with a larger front and a smaller rear at the rear edge of the end farther than the upper inclined plane and the lower inclined plane, which is called an inclined guiding surface. The distal ends of the upper chamfer surface and the lower chamfer surface are connected via the inclined guiding surface.

8. The cutting arm of the mining machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The boom is of a split structure, including a split boom and a split transition seat. The installation interface structure is arranged on the split transition seat, and the split boom and the split transition seat are fixedly installed through a connecting piece.

9. The cutting arm of the mining machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The boom is of a split structure, including a split boom and a split transition seat. The installation interface structure is arranged on the split transition seat, and the split boom and the split transition seat are fixedly installed through a connecting piece.

10. The cutting arm of the mining machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The boom is of a split structure, including a split boom and a split transition seat. The installation interface structure is arranged on the split transition seat, and the split boom and the split transition seat are fixedly installed through a connecting piece.

11. The cutting arm of the mining machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: For a double-drum mining machine, the split booms of the left and right cutting arms are symmetrical left and right.

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