A phase-changing cutting tool for machining deep inner cavity surfaces

Abstract

The present invention discloses a disguised cutting tool for machining a deeper inner cavity surface, wherein one end of the tool handle is fixedly connected to a rivet, and the other end is connected to a transmission rod through a threaded pair; the other end of the transmission rod is movably sleeved inside a sleeve, a spring is sleeved outside the transmission rod, a cylindrical rack is transversely connected to the inner end of the transmission rod, a gear is longitudinally arranged inside the middle section of the main body, the cylindrical rack meshes with the gear, a radially movable rack is vertically arranged in a rack slot inside the middle section of the main body and located on the right side of the gear, the radially movable rack meshes with the gear, and an organic clamping tool is fixedly connected in the hollow inner cavity of the radially movable rack. The cutting tool has a simple structure and is easy to assemble. It can convert traditional axial cutting work into radial cutting operation, and is more suitable for machining large flat parts with deeper inner cavities. The cutting efficiency is significantly improved compared with traditional equipment, and both machining flatness and roughness can meet machining requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of parts processing, and in particular to a variable phase cutting tool for processing a deeper inner cavity plane. Background Art

[0002] During the machining of the rear axle housing of a wheeled tractor, the plane machining of the small bevel gear bearing seat on the end face of the inner cavity is the difficulty in machining the entire part. The difficulty lies in the distance h between the machining part and the end face of the part, which is 273 mm. For details, see Figure 1 If the commonly used milling tool is extended for milling processing, the rigidity of the tool will be reduced, the tool will easily vibrate during cutting, the cutting speed, cutting depth and feed rate will be limited, and the roughness of the end face cannot be guaranteed.

[0003] In order to better process this end face, the commonly used processing method is to use an end milling cutter with a diameter of 80 mm and a length of 280 mm, and perform milling in three times with a processing allowance of 5 mm. The three processing times take up to 10 minutes, accounting for 15% of the entire rear axle housing finishing time. In addition, the tool wear is large, and a milling cutter needs to be replaced in one shift, which seriously affects the production capacity of the rear axle housing.

[0004] After carefully observing the rear axle housing parts and fixtures, I wondered whether it was possible to use a bracket to assist milling, just like the tailstock on a lathe. By supporting the boring cutter on the bracket to process the end face, the rigidity of the tool could be enhanced. However, the disadvantage of an axially moving boring cutter is that it cannot be used to process large planes, and there are still inconveniences in actual operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a phase-changing cutting tool for processing deeper inner cavity planes. The axial movement of the tool can be converted into radial cutting movement through the principle of gear transmission. The comprehensive processing of deeper inner cavity planes is carried out by rotation and movement, and the processing efficiency is high and the processing quality is guaranteed.

[0006] The present invention is realized through the following technical scheme: a disguised cutting tool for processing a deeper inner cavity plane, one end of the tool handle is fixedly connected to the pull nail, and the other end is connected to the transmission rod through a threaded pair; the other end of the transmission rod is movably inserted into the sleeve of the left section of the main body, a spring is sleeved outside the transmission rod and between the tool handle and the sleeve, a cylindrical rack is horizontally connected to the inner end of the transmission rod, a gear is longitudinally provided inside the middle section of the main body, the cylindrical rack is meshed with the gear, a radially movable rack is vertically provided in the rack slot inside the middle section of the main body and located on the right side of the gear, the radially movable rack is meshed with the gear, and a clamping tool is fixedly connected in the hollow inner cavity of the radially movable rack; a threaded connection section is provided on the right side section of the main body, nut one and nut two are threadedly connected to the threaded connection section from the inside to the outside in sequence, a bushing is connected to the column of the right side section of the main body, and the bushing is connected to the bracket through a cylindrical roller bearing.

[0007] Furthermore, the cylindrical rack is connected to the transmission rod by interference fit, the radially movable rack is connected to the rack slot by interference fit, and the rack slot is adapted in shape to the radially movable rack.

[0008] Furthermore, the shaft bodies at both ends of the gear are connected with the connecting grooves on the main body with clearance fit, and an axial limit block is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a limit device connecting groove is provided on the side of the transmission rod, and a long movable groove is provided on the main body. The limit block passes through the movable groove and is fixedly connected to the limit device connecting groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a concave copper key connection end face is provided on one end of the limit block close to the knife handle, the copper key is fixedly connected to the copper key connection end face, and the length of the copper key is adaptively adjusted according to the size of the initial pressure value of the spring.

[0011] Furthermore, a retaining ring connecting groove is provided on the inner end surface of the bracket, and a retaining ring is connected in the retaining ring connecting groove.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The modified cutting tool for deep inner cavity plane machining disclosed in the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to assemble. It can convert the traditional axial cutting work into radial cutting operation, and is more suitable for machining deep inner cavity large plane parts. The cutting efficiency is significantly improved compared with traditional equipment, and the machining flatness and roughness can meet the machining requirements.

[0014] 2. After setting a length-adjustable copper key on the limit block, the initial pressure of the spring can be adaptively adjusted to avoid the initial pressure being too small and affecting the processing quality of the plane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1It is a product drawing of a rear axle housing;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of a modified cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane;

[0017] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A sectional view schematic diagram along the E-E direction;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of a modified cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a modified cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane;

[0020] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the structure of a modified cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane;

[0021] Among them, 1 - tool shank, 2 - pull stud, 3 - transmission rod, 4 - main body, 5 - sleeve, 6 - spring, 7 - cylindrical rack, 8 - gear, 9 - radially movable rack, 10 - rack slot, 11 - hexagon socket head screw, 12 - locking screw, 13 - indexable cutting tool, 14 - threaded connection section, 15 - nut one, 16 - nut two, 17 - bushing, 18 - cylindrical roller bearing, 19 - bracket, 20 - connection groove, 21 - axial limit block, 22 - limit device connection groove, 23 - movable groove, 24 - limit block, 25 - copper key connection end face, 26 - copper key, 27 - snap ring connection groove, 28 - snap ring, 29 - press-fit type grease cup. Specific embodiments

[0022] The following will elaborate on the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making the protection scope of the present invention more clearly defined.

[0023] In order to perform efficient and high-quality cutting machining on the relatively deep inner cavity plane of a workpiece, a modified cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane is disclosed in this embodiment. One end of the tool shank 1 is fixedly connected to the pull stud 2, and the other end is connected to the transmission rod 3 through a thread pair. The pull stud 2 cooperates with the machine tool spindle to work. Since the transmission rod 3 and the tool shank 1 are connected through a thread pair, the rotational motion and axial motion of the tool shank 1 can be converted into the axial motion of the transmission rod 3.

[0024] The other end of the transmission rod 3 is movably sleeved inside the sleeve 5 on the left section of the main body 4. The outer diameter of the transmission rod 3 is adapted to the inner diameter of the sleeve 5. A spring 6 is sleeved outside the transmission rod 3 and between the tool handle 1 and the sleeve 5. A cylindrical rack 7 is transversely connected to the inner side end of the transmission rod 3. The cylindrical rack 7 is in interference fit with the transmission rod 3. A gear 8 is longitudinally arranged inside the middle section of the main body 4. The cylindrical rack 7 meshes with the gear 8. A radially movable rack 9 is vertically arranged inside the middle section of the main body 4 and on the right side of the gear 8. The radially movable rack 9 is in interference fit connection with the rack slot 10 inside the main body 4. The shape of the rack slot 10 is adapted to that of the radially movable rack 9. The radially movable rack 9 meshes with the gear 8. The interference fit method can not only ensure that the radially movable rack 9 can smoothly perform radial movement along the rack slot 10 when driven by the gear 8, but also prevent it from slipping off due to too loose connection with the main body 4. An indexable insert tool 13 is fixedly connected in the hollow inner cavity of the radially movable rack 9 through an internal hexagonal screw 11 and a locking screw 12. The radially movable rack 9 can drive the indexable insert tool 13 to perform radial cutting work during the radial movement process; A threaded connection section 14 is provided on the right section of the main body 4. A first nut 15 and a second nut 16 are sequentially threadedly connected to the threaded connection section 14 from inside to outside. A bushing 17 is connected to the column body on the right section of the main body 4. The bushing 17 is connected to the bracket 19 through a cylindrical roller bearing 18.

[0025] The shaft bodies at both ends of the gear 8 are in clearance fit connection with the connection slots 20 on the main body 4. The clearance fit method can not only enable the gear 8 to rotate normally, but also prevent it from moving randomly in the radial direction. An axial limit block 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the connection slot 20 to prevent the gear 8 from moving up and down during the movement process.

[0026] A limit device connection groove 22 is provided on the side surface of the transmission rod 3. A long strip-shaped movable groove 23 is provided on the main body 4. A limit block 24 passes through the movable groove 23 and is fixedly connected to the limit device connection groove 22. During the axial movement process of the transmission rod 3, the limit block 24 moves along the movable groove 23. When the transmission rod 3 axially moves to the right end limit position inside the sleeve 5 of the main body 4, the limit block 24 abuts against the right end face of the movable groove 23 to limit its further movement.

[0027] On one end of the limit block 24 close to the tool shank 1, there is a recessed copper key connection end face 25. The copper key 26 is fixedly connected to the copper key connection end face 25, and the length of the copper key 26 is adaptively adjusted according to the magnitude of the initial spring pressure value. The copper key 26 is mainly used to adjust the initial pressure of the spring 6. Because when the starting point of the tool arrives, the pressure of the spring 6 should be adjusted to the initial pressure end. However, if the tool participates in cutting when the pressure is lower than a certain value, it may affect the machining quality of the plane. Therefore, according to the actual operation needs, if the initial pressure is too large, the length of the copper key 26 can be reduced. At this time, the initial compression amount of the spring 6 becomes smaller, that is, the initial pressure value is reduced. If the initial pressure is too small, the length of the copper key 26 can be appropriately increased. At this time, the initial compression amount of the spring 6 becomes larger, that is, the initial pressure value is increased.

[0028] On the inner end face of the bracket 19, there is a retaining ring connection groove 27. A retaining ring 28 is connected in the retaining ring connection groove 27 to prevent the cylindrical roller bearing 18 from axially moving.

[0029] During use, first install and adjust the tool, then install the bracket 19 on the fixture for machining the rear axle housing, measure the distance between the left end face of the bracket and the part machining plane, adjust the distance between the second nut 16 and the cutting edge on the machine-clamped tool 13 according to the calculated data, calculate the axial stroke according to the maximum position of the machining plane in the drawing, and finally input the prepared NC program into the NC system of the horizontal machining center, and then perform cutting.

[0030] During cutting, the tool shank 1 rotates and axially moves. Through the action of the thread pair, the transmission rod 3 will axially move, and then drive the cylindrical rack 7 to axially move. Since the cylindrical rack 7 meshes with the gear 8, and the gear 8 meshes with the radially movable rack 9, the axial movement of the axis of the cylindrical rack 7 is finally converted into the radial movement of the radially movable rack 9, and then the machine-clamped tool 13 can be driven to perform cutting operations in the radial direction.

[0031] During cutting, closely observe. When using this tool to machine a deeper inner cavity plane, a 35-mm stroke can be cut in less than 1 minute. Through inspection, the flatness of the part reaches 0.05 mm, and the surface roughness reaches 3.2.

[0032] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent structural or equivalent process transformations made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable phase cutting tool for machining a deep inner cavity surface, characterized in that: One end of the tool shank is fixedly connected to the pull stud, and the other end is connected to the transmission rod through a thread pair; the other end of the transmission rod is movably sleeved inside the sleeve of the left section of the main body. A spring is sleeved outside the transmission rod and between the tool shank and the sleeve. A cylindrical rack is transversely connected to the inner end of the transmission rod. A gear is longitudinally arranged inside the middle section of the main body. The cylindrical rack meshes with the gear. A radial movable rack is vertically arranged in the rack slot on the right side of the gear inside the middle section of the main body. The radial movable rack meshes with the gear. A machine clamp tool is fixedly connected in the hollow inner cavity of the radial movable rack; a threaded connection section is provided on the right section of the main body. A first nut and a second nut are sequentially threadedly connected from the inside to the outside on the threaded connection section. A bushing is connected to the column body of the right section of the main body. The bushing is connected to the bracket through a cylindrical roller bearing; A limiting device connection groove is provided on the side surface of the transmission rod. A long strip-shaped movable groove is provided on the main body. A limiting block passes through the movable groove and is fixedly connected to the limiting device connection groove; A recessed copper key connection end face is provided at one end of the limiting block close to the tool shank. The copper key is fixedly connected to the copper key connection end face. The length of the copper key is adaptively adjusted according to the magnitude of the initial pressure value of the spring; The shaft bodies at both ends of the gear are in clearance fit connection with the connection grooves on the main body. An axial limiting block is fixedly connected to the top of the connection groove.

2. The variant cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical rack is in interference fit connection with the transmission rod. The radial movable rack is in interference fit connection with the rack slot, and the shape of the rack slot is adapted to that of the radial movable rack.

3. The variant cutting tool for machining a relatively deep inner cavity plane according to claim 1, characterized in that, A retaining ring connection groove is provided on the inner end face of the bracket. A retaining ring is connected in the retaining ring connection groove.

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