A counter-rotating seed drill

Abstract

The invention discloses a counter-rotating uniform seeding machine, comprising a frame; a reverse rotary tillage component, a rotary tillage blade shaft, a rotary tillage blade fixedly mounted on the rotary tillage blade shaft, and an opening on a machine cover; a soil covering box, the soil covering box is mounted on the machine cover, a soil conveying pipe is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the soil covering box, and a soil conveying spiral is mounted in the soil covering box; a uniform seeding assembly; an elastic soil pressing plate; the rotary tillage blade shaft, the end of the elastic soil pressing plate, the output end of the uniform seeding assembly, and the end of the soil conveying pipe are sequentially arranged at intervals. The rotary tillage blade shaft throws soil backward, part of which passes through the opening at the top of the machine cover, and part of which falls directly to the bottom of the rotary tillage ditch under the cover of the machine cover, forming a loose soil layer; the loose soil layer is then scraped and compacted by the elastic soil pressing plate to form a seed bed; the crushed soil thrown out of the machine cover from the opening is sent to the soil covering box, and the soil conveying spiral is arranged in the soil covering box to evenly discharge the crushed soil, thereby ensuring that the thickness of the soil covering layer is relatively consistent, and ensuring the uniformity and depth of the soil covering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and refers to a counter-rotating seeder used for rotary tillage and sowing of grains, which can complete soil rotary tillage, burying stubble, fertilizing and uniform sowing operations. Background Art

[0002] Uniform sowing refers to a new type of grain sowing technology that achieves uniform seed distribution in the general grain sowing layer space, ensures uniform distribution of the sowing soil plane, and achieves uniform sowing depth. It can be used for wheat, barley, highland barley and other grains, and evenly distributes them within a certain sowing width, making full use of soil space and soil water and fertilizer to achieve high crop yields. Existing dedicated three-dimensional uniform sowing machines use rotary tillage blades (usually forward rotation) to complete soil tillage operations. The forward rotating blades drive the soil on the surface to the back, and bring part of the broken soil from the top to the back through the conveyor belt to cover the sown seeds; the surface of the soil after rotary tillage is scraped and compacted by the front pressure roller, and the sowing components spread the seeds evenly on the surface according to the required sowing width through the equalizing plate, and then cover them with the broken soil brought from the top, and finally complete the surface suppression by the suppression roller.

[0003] In the above treatment methods, it is difficult to control the thickness of the soil covering the seeds, and it is difficult to match the operating speed with the rotary tillage speed. The rotary tillage depth affects the thickness of the soil covering, and it is not easy to ensure the uniformity and depth of the soil covering. There are also uniform seeders modified from general rotary seeders. The general row seeding furrow openers are replaced with seed spreaders (or seed guide plates) which are arranged side by side according to the designed sowing width. The seed covering relies on the broken soil thrown after rotary tillage, and the soil covering depth is affected by the amount of soil thrown and is difficult to control. The backward throwing of soil will also affect the uniformity of seed distribution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a counter-rotating seeding machine, which utilizes the reverse rotary tillage operation technology. The rotary tillage blade shaft cuts the soil in a downward cutting manner. The blade shaft has the characteristic of throwing the soil from bottom to front, then upward, and then backward. The backward thrown soil forms two parts when passing through the opening on the top of the machine cover. One part is thrown out from the opening on the machine cover, and the other part falls directly to the bottom of the rotary tillage ditch under the cover of the machine cover to form a loose soil layer. The loose soil layer is then scraped and compacted by an elastic soil pressing plate (made of an elastic rubber plate) to form a seed bed. The crushed soil thrown out from the outside of the machine cover through the opening is sent to a soil covering box. A soil conveying spiral is arranged in the soil covering box. The soil conveying spiral is rearward. The set pressure roller + chain drive rotates synchronously with the group operation to discharge the crushed soil evenly. The amount of soil discharge can be adjusted by the opening size of the soil conveying screw. The sowing and fertilization parts are synchronously driven by the motor to ensure the synchronization of the operation speed and the amount of sowing and fertilization. Fertilization adopts the tillage layer fertilization according to the agronomic requirements. The fertilizer to be applied is put in front of the rotary tillage blade shaft and evenly mixed into the tillage layer by the rotary tillage blade shaft. The sowing adopts the outer groove wheel seeding device, and the lower seed guide plates are arranged side by side, generally 10-12cm per group. The sowing width of the whole machine is determined according to the agronomic requirements, generally 150cm-200cm; an equalizing plate is set on the seed guide plate to ensure the uniformity of the seeds on the surface. The evenly sown seeds are covered by the crushed soil discharged by the upper covering box as needed, and finally compacted by the pressure roller to complete the entire fertilization and grain sowing operation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a counter-rotating seeding machine, comprising:

[0006] A frame, wherein the front end of the frame has a connecting portion for connecting the frame to a power input shaft;

[0007] A reverse rotary tillage component, comprising a machine cover and a reverse rotary tillage blade shaft covered by the machine cover, a rotary tillage blade being fixedly mounted on the rotary tillage blade shaft, and an opening for soil thrown up by the rotary tillage blade to pass through the machine cover;

[0008] A soil covering box is installed on the machine cover, and the opening is connected to the inner cavity of the soil covering box. A soil conveying pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the soil covering box, and a soil conveying screw is installed in the soil covering box for conveying soil in the soil covering box to the soil conveying pipe;

[0009] Uniform seeding component;

[0010] Elastic pressure plate;

[0011] In the direction from front to back of the frame, the rotary tillage blade shaft, the end of the elastic soil pressing plate, the output end of the uniform seeding and sowing assembly, and the end of the soil conveying pipe are arranged in sequence at intervals.

[0012] The rotary tillage blade cuts the soil in a downward-cutting manner, and the blade throws the soil from bottom to front, then upward, and then backward. The backward thrown soil part is formed into two parts through the opening on the top of the hood. The crushed soil inside the hood falls directly to the bottom of the rotary tillage ditch under the cover of the hood, forming a loose soil layer; the loose soil layer is then scraped and compacted by an elastic soil pressing plate (made of elastic rubber plates) to form a seed bed; the crushed soil outside the hood is thrown out from the opening and sent to the soil covering box, which is arranged with a soil conveying spiral to discharge the crushed soil evenly, ensuring that the thickness of the soil covering layer is relatively consistent, and ensuring the uniformity and depth of the soil covering.

[0013] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preference, the uniform sowing assembly includes a seed transport pipe, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the lower end of the seed transport pipe is fixedly connected to the seed guide part.

[0014] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preference, the inner end face of the seed guide plate is provided with a seed guide part, the seed guide part includes a conduit part fixedly connected to the seed transport pipe and a seed separation part fixedly connected to the conduit part, and from top to bottom, a first group of equalizing plates and a second group of equalizing plates are provided on the inner wall of the seed separation part, the number of the first group of equalizing plates is only one and the midline divides the conduit part equally, the number of the second group of equalizing plates is 2*N, N is at least 1, and the second group of equalizing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the midline of the first group of equalizing plates.

[0015] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preferred embodiment, a fertilizer guide trough is fixedly installed on the frame, and the output end of the fertilizer guide trough is located in front of the rotary tiller shaft in the direction from front to rear of the frame.

[0016] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preferred embodiment, the soil covering box is formed by a plurality of vertical plates, a top plate and a machine cover, and the machine cover has a slope surface for guiding the soil in the soil covering box to the soil conveying spiral.

[0017] On the basis of the above solution, preferably, the hood is provided with an opening adjustment plate which can partially cover the opening for adjusting the opening degree.

[0018] Based on the above solution, as a preferred embodiment, a grass fence is installed at the opening.

[0019] On the basis of the above solution, preferably, a soil transport adjusting plate for adjusting the soil discharge amount of the soil transport pipe is installed on the soil transport pipe.

[0020] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preferred embodiment, a seed fertilizer box is arranged on the frame, and a seed meter and a fertilizer meter are arranged in the seed fertilizer, the seed meter is connected to the seed transport pipe, and the fertilizer meter is connected to the fertilizer guide trough.

[0021] On the basis of the above scheme, as a preferred embodiment, the soil conveying screw and the pressing roller on the frame are driven synchronously.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0023] 1. The tilling blade shaft cuts the soil in a downward-cutting manner. The blade shaft throws the soil from bottom to front, then upward, and then backward. The backward-thrown part is formed into two parts through the opening on the top of the hood. The crushed soil inside the hood falls directly to the bottom of the rotary tillage ditch under the cover of the hood to form a loose soil layer; the loose soil layer is then scraped and compacted by an elastic soil pressing plate (made of elastic rubber plates) to form a seed bed; the crushed soil outside the hood is thrown out from the opening and sent to the soil covering box, which is arranged with a soil conveying spiral to discharge the crushed soil evenly, ensuring that the thickness of the soil covering layer is relatively consistent, and ensuring the uniformity and depth of the soil covering.

[0024] 2. The soil conveying screw and the pressing roller at the rear end of the frame are driven synchronously to ensure synchronization with the operating status and avoid situations such as excessive soil coverage.

[0025] 3. The seed meter and fertilizer meter are driven synchronously to ensure the uniformity of fertilizer and seeding amount. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seed guide plate.

[0028] Among them: reverse rotary tillage component 1, fertilizer guide trough 2, seed fertilizer box 3, opening adjustment plate 4, soil covering box; 5, seed transport pipe 6, soil transport spiral 7, soil transport adjustment plate 8, seed guide plate 9, soil guide plate 10, pressing roller 11, elastic soil pressing plate 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a counter-rotating seeding machine, comprising:

[0031] A frame, wherein the front end of the frame has a connecting portion for connecting the frame to a power input shaft;

[0032] A reverse rotary tillage component, comprising a machine cover and a reverse rotary tillage blade shaft covered by the machine cover, a rotary tillage blade being fixedly mounted on the rotary tillage blade shaft, and an opening for soil thrown up by the rotary tillage blade to pass through the machine cover;

[0033] A soil covering box is installed on the machine cover, and the opening is connected to the inner cavity of the soil covering box. A soil conveying pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the soil covering box, and a soil conveying screw is installed in the soil covering box for conveying soil in the soil covering box to the soil conveying pipe;

[0034] Uniform seeding component;

[0035] Elastic pressure plate;

[0036] In the direction from front to back of the frame, the rotary tillage blade shaft, the end of the elastic soil pressing plate, the output end of the uniform seeding and sowing assembly, and the end of the soil conveying pipe are arranged in sequence at intervals.

[0037] The uniform sowing assembly comprises a seed delivery pipe, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the lower end of the seed delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the seed guide part.

[0038] A seed guiding part is provided on the inner end surface of the seed guiding plate, and the seed guiding part includes a conduit part fixedly connected to the seed transport pipe and a seed dividing part fixedly connected to the conduit part. From top to bottom, a first group of equalizing plates and a second group of equalizing plates are provided on the inner wall of the seed dividing part. There is only one equalizing plate in the first group and the median perpendicular line divides the conduit part equally. The number of the second group of equalizing plates is 2*N, N is at least 1, and the second group of equalizing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the median perpendicular line of the first group of equalizing plates.

[0039] A fertilizer guide trough is fixedly installed on the frame, and an output end of the fertilizer guide trough is located in front of the rotary tillage blade shaft in a direction from front to rear of the frame.

[0040] The soil covering box is formed by a plurality of vertical plates, a top plate and a machine cover, and the machine cover has a slope surface for guiding the soil in the soil covering box to the soil conveying spiral.

[0041] The hood is provided with an opening adjustment plate which can partially cover the opening and is used to adjust the opening degree.

[0042] Install grass guard at the opening.

[0043] A soil conveying regulating plate for regulating the soil discharge amount of the soil conveying pipe is installed on the soil conveying pipe.

[0044] A seed fertilizer box is arranged on the frame, and a seed meter and a fertilizer meter are arranged in the seed fertilizer, the seed meter is connected with a seed transport pipe, and the fertilizer meter is connected with a fertilizer guide trough.

[0045] Working mechanism: The rotary tillage blades are reversed to cut the soil in the opposite direction. The cut soil moves from bottom to front and then upward to the opening on the top of the hood. The opening is equipped with evenly distributed grass fences to prevent vegetation (including weeds) from passing through. The amount of soil transported backward is controlled by the opening adjustment plate 4. The internal soil is directly dropped to the bottom of the rear ditch of the rotary tillage under the action of the rear hood to form a loose soil layer. The loose seed bed is scraped and compacted by the elastic soil pressing plate to form a seed bed. The external soil is thrown to the covering box. 5, output through the soil conveying screw 7 and the soil conveying regulating plate 8, and fall to the ground surface at the soil guide plate 10; fertilizer and seeds are output through the seed fertilizer box 3, through the seed dispensing device and the fertilizer dispensing device, and the fertilizer is spread in front of the rotary tillage blade shaft through the front fertilizer guide groove 2, and mixed into the tillage layer through the action of the rotary tillage blade shaft; seeds are evenly spread to the ground surface through the seed conveying tube 6 to the seed guide plate 9, and the seeds are covered by the broken soil falling from the upper soil guide plate 10. The amount of soil covering is adjusted by the speed of the soil conveying screw 7 and the opening of the soil conveying regulating plate 8. Finally, the covering soil is pressed by the pressing roller 11. The seed and fertilizer dispensing drive is driven by a speed regulating motor, and a synchronous system of operating speed and driving speed can be configured to ensure the uniformity of fertilizer application and sowing amount; the soil conveying screw and the pressing roller are driven synchronously to ensure synchronization with the operating state to avoid situations such as excessive soil covering.

[0046] More specifically, one end of the opening adjustment plate is fixed on a rotating shaft arranged on the hood, and the rotating shaft can be driven by a motor to realize intelligent adjustment, or by setting an arc plate on the hood, such as: one end of the opening adjustment plate is fixed on the rotating shaft, and arc plates are set on both sides of the other end. The arc plate takes the axis of the rotating shaft as the center, and a number of through holes are opened on the arc plate. The arc plate is fixed to the opening adjustment plate by locking bolts passing through the through holes, and the opening size is adjusted by adjusting the fixed position of the opening adjustment plate and the arc plate.

[0047] The soil transport regulating plate is designed as follows: the soil transport regulating plate is an upper end plate of a square tube soil transport pipe, and the interval between the upper end plate and the lower end plate of the soil transport pipe (the machine cover in this article) is adjustable.

[0048] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A counter-rotating seeding machine, characterized in that: include: A frame, wherein the front end of the frame has a connecting portion for connecting the frame to a power input shaft; A reverse rotary tillage component, comprising a machine cover and a reverse rotary tillage blade shaft covered by the machine cover, a rotary tillage blade being fixedly mounted on the rotary tillage blade shaft, and an opening for soil thrown up by the rotary tillage blade to pass through the machine cover; A soil covering box is installed on the machine cover, and the opening is connected to the inner cavity of the soil covering box. A soil conveying pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the soil covering box, and a soil conveying screw is installed in the soil covering box for conveying soil in the soil covering box to the soil conveying pipe; Uniform seeding component; Elastic pressure plate; In the direction from front to back of the frame, the rotary tillage blade shaft, the end of the elastic soil pressing plate, the output end of the uniform sowing assembly, and the end of the soil conveying pipe are sequentially arranged at intervals. The soil cover box is formed by a number of vertical plates, a top plate and a machine cover. The machine cover has a slope that guides the soil in the soil cover box to the soil conveying spiral. The hood is provided with an opening adjustment plate which can partially cover the opening and is used to adjust the opening degree.

2. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uniform sowing assembly comprises a seed delivery pipe, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and the lower end of the seed delivery pipe is fixedly connected to the seed guide part.

3. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A seed guiding part is provided on the inner end surface of the seed guiding plate, and the seed guiding part includes a conduit part fixedly connected to the seed transport pipe and a seed dividing part fixedly connected to the conduit part. From top to bottom, a first group of equalizing plates and a second group of equalizing plates are provided on the inner wall of the seed dividing part. There is only one equalizing plate in the first group and the median perpendicular line divides the conduit part equally. The number of the second group of equalizing plates is 2*N, N is at least 1, and the second group of equalizing plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the median perpendicular line of the first group of equalizing plates.

4. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fertilizer guide trough is fixedly installed on the frame, and an output end of the fertilizer guide trough is located in front of the rotary tillage blade shaft in a direction from front to rear of the frame.

5. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Install grass fences at the opening.

6. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soil conveying regulating plate for regulating the soil discharge amount of the soil conveying pipe is installed on the soil conveying pipe.

7. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A seed fertilizer box is arranged on the frame, and a seed meter and a fertilizer meter are arranged in the seed fertilizer, the seed meter is connected with a seed transport pipe, and the fertilizer meter is connected with a fertilizer guide trough.

8. The counter-rotating seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil conveying screw and the pressing roller on the frame are driven synchronously.

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