Aluminum casting processing tool and aluminum casting processing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tool for processing cast aluminum parts, which has four processing parts: a first spiral section, a second spiral section, a transition section, and an end face of the blade, and is capable of processing burrs on cast aluminum parts at different positions. The distance from the first spiral section to the axis of the tool rod body is greater than the distance from the second spiral section to the axis of the tool rod body, so that the cast aluminum parts have different aperture processing ranges, while at the same time being able to avoid the second spiral section from contacting the workpiece when processing the first spiral section, thereby increasing the force on the cast aluminum parts and preventing deformation of the cast aluminum parts. The spiral groove extending to the end face of the tool rod body makes it easier for the spiral cutting edge of the tool for processing cast aluminum parts to dissipate heat, which is conducive to the formation of strip-shaped aluminum chips, reduces the generation of fine particles, reduces the particle impact damage to the tool for cast aluminum parts, and is convenient for removing aluminum chips generated at any position of the spiral cutting edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a processing tool. Background Art

[0002] At present, the die-casting of the engine front cover is made of cast aluminum. During the production process, the die-casting of the engine front cover produced by the die-casting machine needs to be deburred to remove the burrs of the gate, overflow port and parting line, ejector pin burrs, date mark burrs, hole mouth burrs, and hole inner wall septum, so as to ensure that the appearance quality of the die-casting and the structure of the non-processed parts meet the requirements of the drawings and meet the conditions for subsequent processing. Figure 1 The burrs on the hole mouth, the inner hole septum, the gate, the parting line burrs, the ejector pin burrs, and the overflow port are shown. The inner hole septum is also generally classified as a type of burr. For aluminum die-cast parts, large areas are easily deformed by force or sharp impact or extrusion, but the raised edges and burrs are extremely hard, making cleaning extremely difficult. As can be seen from the die-cast engine front cover, aluminum castings usually have a large number of burrs (including inner hole septums) in a variety of locations. Most burrs are located on large, easily deformed surfaces, and some are located in areas prone to structural interference, making cleaning difficult.

[0003] At present, traditional manual tools such as pneumatic angle grinders, pneumatic sanding machines, files, scrapers, punches, auxiliary tools, etc. are commonly used at home and abroad to remove burrs from engine front cover die-castings. The above tools need to be manually operated reciprocatingly, and the consistency of cleaning of engine front cover die-castings cannot be guaranteed; engine front cover die-castings often have surface contusions, burrs on the hole, and leakage of the skin inside the hole, resulting in batch rework and quality risks; the cleaning efficiency is low; the number of cleaning personnel required is large and the cost is high; the above tools generate fine dust during use, which not only pollutes the environment but also endangers the health of the operator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a tool for machining aluminum castings to solve the problem of difficulty in cleaning burrs of aluminum castings after die-casting.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions:

[0006] A cast aluminum processing tool for processing cast aluminum parts, comprising a tool rod body, at least two spiral cutting edges being provided on the side of the tool rod body, the spiral cutting edge comprising a first spiral section and a second spiral section extending to the end face of the tool rod body, the second spiral section having an edge end face provided on the end face of the tool rod body; the distance from the first spiral section to the axial center line of the tool rod body is greater than the distance from the second spiral section to the axial center line of the tool rod body; the spiral cutting edge also comprises a transition section, the two ends of the transition section are respectively connected to the first spiral section and the second spiral section, the distance from the transition section to the axial center line of the tool rod body gradually increases in a direction away from the second spiral section; a spiral groove is provided between any two of the spiral cutting edges, the spiral groove extends along the spiral direction of the spiral cutting edge, and the spiral groove extends to the end face of the tool rod body.

[0007] Preferably, the blade end face extends along the radial direction of the shank body, and the blade end face is away from the end face of the shank body along the spiral direction of the spiral bevel blade.

[0008] Preferably, the blade end face includes a first blade face and a second blade face, the first blade face has a first angle with the cross section of the shank body, the second blade face has a second angle with the cross section of the guide rod, and the second angle is greater than the first angle.

[0009] Preferably, the ratio of the central angle of the two farthest circumferential points of the spiral groove on any cross section of the shank body to the central angle of the two farthest circumferential points of the spiral cutting edge on the cross section is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the first spiral segment is 13 to 15 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the second spiral segment is 5 to 7 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of the distance from the first spiral segment to the axial center line of the shank body to the distance from the second spiral segment to the axial center line of the shank body is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3.

[0013] Preferably, a cutting portion and an avoidance portion are respectively provided on both sides of the first spiral segment, and both the cutting portion and the avoidance portion extend along the spiral direction of the first spiral segment.

[0014] A method for processing cast aluminum parts includes the above-mentioned cast aluminum part processing tool, wherein the rotation speed of the cast aluminum part processing tool is set to 16,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute, and the feed rate of the cast aluminum part processing tool is set to 4,000 to 5,000 millimeters per minute.

[0015] Preferably, the side cutting depth of the first spiral segment is set to 2 to 6 mm and / or the side cutting depth of the second spiral segment is set to 8 to 12 mm and / or the back cutting depth of the blade end face is set to 2 to 4 mm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The aluminum casting processing tool has four processing parts: a first spiral section, a second spiral section, a transition section, and an end face of the blade, and can process burrs on aluminum castings at different positions. The distance from the first spiral section to the axis of the tool rod body is greater than the distance from the second spiral section to the axis of the tool rod body, so that the aluminum castings have different aperture processing ranges. At the same time, when processing the first spiral section, it can avoid the side of the second spiral section from contacting the workpiece and increasing the force on the aluminum castings, thereby preventing the aluminum castings from deforming. The spiral groove extending to the end face of the tool rod body makes it easier for the spiral cutting edge of the aluminum casting processing tool to dissipate heat, which is conducive to the formation of strip-shaped aluminum chips, reduces the generation of fine particles, reduces the particle impact damage to the aluminum casting tool, and facilitates the removal of aluminum chips generated at any position of the spiral cutting edge.

[0018] 2. By setting the rotation speed of the aluminum casting processing tool of the present invention to 16,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute and the feed rate to 4,000 to 5,000 millimeters per minute, damage to the aluminum casting processing tool during processing of the aluminum casting is avoided and the surface processing quality of the workpiece is effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the burr on the die-cast engine front cover (including the septum inside the hole).

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a tool for machining aluminum castings of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of position A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at position B.

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the aluminum casting processing method of the present invention.

[0025] in:

[0026] 1000-shank body, 1100-spiral cutting edge, 1110-first spiral section, 1120-second spiral section, 1121-blade end face, 1130-transition section, 1200-spiral groove, 1122-first blade surface, 1123-second blade surface, 1111-cutting portion, 1112-avoidance portion, 1300-connecting section, 1400-first angle, 1500-second angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to be able to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4A cast aluminum machining tool, used for machining cast aluminum parts, includes a shank body 1000, the shank body 1000 is made of a carbide-coated material, and at least two spiral cutting edges 1100 are provided on the side of the shank body 1000. In this embodiment, the shank body 1000 is a cylinder, and is provided with a total of four spiral cutting edges 1100. The spiral cutting edges 1100 include a first spiral segment 1110 and a second spiral segment 1120 extending to the end face of the shank body 1000. A cutting portion 1111 and an avoidance portion 1112 are provided on both sides of the first spiral segment 1110, respectively. The cutting portion 1111 and the avoidance portion 1112 both extend along the spiral direction of the first spiral segment 1110. The avoidance portion 1112 extending along the spiral direction enables the first spiral segment 1110 to effectively reduce dynamic contact with the workpiece, reduce the shear force on the cast aluminum machining tool, and increase the life of the cast aluminum machining tool. The second spiral segment 1120 includes a cutting edge 1121 disposed on the end face of the shank 1000. This cutting edge 1121 extends radially along the shank 1000 and points away from the end face of the shank 1000 along the spiral direction of the spiral bevel cutting edge. This effectively prevents previously processed portions of the die-cast aluminum part from colliding with the aluminum casting machining tool, reducing the risk of damage to the tool. The cutting edges of the first spiral segment 1110, the second spiral segment 1120, and the transition segment 1130 are all designed to be 45°, while the cutting edge of the cutting edge 1121 is designed to be 90°. Cutting edge 1121 includes a first cutting edge 1122 and a second cutting edge 1123. The first cutting edge 1122 forms a first angle 1400 with the cross section of the shank 1000, while the second cutting edge 1123 forms a second angle 1500 with the cross section of the guide rod. This second angle 1500 is greater than the first angle 1400. The arrangement of first angle 1400 and second angle 1500 not only protects the strength of the aluminum casting machining tool through the smaller first angle 1400, but also reduces the extrusion force exerted on the aluminum casting machining tool by the larger second angle 1500, thereby improving the tool life. The relief portion 1112 is configured as a depression in the first spiral segment 1110. The relief portion 1112 extends to the cutting portion 1111 and gradually narrows toward the cutting portion 1111. This further reduces the dynamic contact between the first spiral segment 1110 and the workpiece, thereby further improving the tool life.

[0031] The distance between the first spiral segment 1110 and the axis of the shank body 1000 is greater than the distance between the second spiral segment 1120 and the axis of the shank body 1000; the spiral cutting edge 1100 further includes a transition segment 1130, the ends of which are connected to the first spiral segment 1110 and the second spiral segment 1120 respectively, and the distance between the transition segment 1130 and the axis of the shank body 1000 gradually increases in the direction away from the second spiral segment 1120; a spiral groove 1200 is provided between any two spiral cutting edges 1100, and the spiral groove 1200 extends along the spiral direction of the spiral cutting edge 1100 and extends to the end face of the shank body 1000. Figure 4 As shown, the central angle of the spiral groove 1200 at the two circumferentially farthest points on any cross section of the tool holder 1000 is angle M, and the central angle of the spiral cutting edge 1100 at the two circumferentially farthest points on the cross section is angle N. The ratio of angle M to angle N is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4. As a result, the spiral cutting edge 1100 has sufficient strength to process burrs and inner-hole septa, and the tool holder 1000 also has a sufficiently large spiral groove 1200.

[0032] The ratio of the distance from the first spiral segment 1110 to the axis of the tool rod body 1000 to the distance from the second spiral segment 1120 to the axis of the tool rod body 1000 is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first spiral segment is 13 to 15 mm, and the diameter of the second spiral segment is 5 to 7 mm; this makes it easy for the aluminum casting processing tool to form strip-shaped aluminum chips when the skin is in the processing hole, and the aluminum casting processing tool 1120 can smoothly enter the spiral groove 1200 between the first spiral segments 1110, ensuring the smooth discharge of aluminum chips; at the same time, under the premise of ensuring the strength of the second spiral segment 1120, the extrusion between the blade end face 1121 and the workpiece is reduced, thereby improving the processing quality; in addition, the tool can well process thicker parts such as gates and overflow ports, and the use of aluminum casting processing tools can be quickly cleaned, with good quality and high efficiency. The tool shank body 1000 is provided with a connecting section 1300 for connecting to a machine tool, which reduces the connecting seam of the tool shank body 1000 and better prevents the aluminum casting machining tool from vibrating during operation.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A method for machining aluminum castings, comprising the aforementioned aluminum casting machining tool, includes setting the rotational speed of the aluminum casting machining tool to 16,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute, setting the feed rate of the aluminum casting machining tool to 4,000 to 5,000 millimeters per minute, setting the side cutting depth of the first spiral segment to 2 to 6 millimeters and / or setting the side cutting depth of the second spiral segment to 8 to 12 millimeters and / or setting the back cutting depth of the blade end face to 2 to 4 millimeters.

[0035] For the inner-hole partition, a rotation speed of 16,000 to 20,000 rpm, a feed rate of 4,000 to 5,000 mm / min and a transition section 1130 and a second spiral section 1120 are used to simultaneously process the hole mouth and the side wall of the aluminum casting, that is, the tool path of the aluminum casting processing tool is along the circumference of the side wall of the hole; at the same time, the inner-hole partition and the hole mouth burr are processed, which improves the processing efficiency while ensuring the processing quality.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, two aluminum casting cutting tools are used to simultaneously machine opposite sides of a casting, with their axes aligned and their rotational directions opposite each other. This relative positioning of the two cutting tools effectively reduces deformation of the casting along the tool axes. Combined with a rotational speed of 16,000 to 20,000 rpm and a feed rate of 4,000 to 5,000 mm, the opposite rotational directions offset the circumferential extrusion forces on the workpiece, effectively suppressing shear deformation and reducing internal shear stresses, thereby preventing shear deformation or lateral tearing.

[0037] Since the burrs on the gate, overflow, parting line, ejector pin and other parts, and the inner wall of the hole are extremely hard, combined with the structure of the aluminum casting processing tool in the present invention, the rotation speed of 16000 to 20000 rpm, and the processing parameters of the feed rate of 4000 to 5000 mm: the side cutting depth of the first spiral section is set to 2 to 6 mm, which can remove the burrs on the gate, overflow, parting line and other parts with one knife, and can achieve the burr height of less than or equal to 0.3 mm and the meat loss of less than or equal to 0.3 mm at the gate, overflow and parting line, ensuring the burr processing quality of the gate, overflow and parting line; the side cutting depth of the second spiral section is set to 8 to 12 mm, which can achieve the height of less than or equal to 0.3 mm after the inner wall of the hole is removed, ensuring the quality of the workpiece with the thickness of the inner wall removed; the back cutting depth of the blade end face is set to 2 to 4 mm, which can achieve the burr height of less than or equal to 0.3 mm on the ejector pin, ensuring the burr removal quality of the ejector pin. Among them, the back cutting depth refers to the chip layer size measured parallel to the milling cutter axis, and the side cutting depth refers to the cutting layer size measured perpendicular to the milling cutter axis. When the aluminum casting processing tool in this method is made of carbide coating material, the processing quality is better. In this embodiment, multiple aluminum casting processing tools can also be used for simultaneous processing, such as using two aluminum casting processing tools for simultaneous processing. Under the premise of adopting the above-mentioned aluminum casting processing tools and processing parameters, the use of multiple aluminum casting processing tools for simultaneous processing can greatly improve the processing efficiency. After adopting the solution of this embodiment, based on the annual program of 1,000,000 pieces, it is estimated that more than 2 million yuan in cost investment can be saved each year.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing aluminum castings, comprising an aluminum casting processing tool for processing aluminum castings, characterized in that: The cast aluminum processing tool includes a tool holder, and at least two spiral cutting edges are provided on the side of the tool holder, and the spiral cutting edge includes a first spiral section and a second spiral section extending to the end face of the tool holder, and the second spiral section has an edge end face provided on the end face of the tool holder; the distance from the first spiral section to the axis of the tool holder is greater than the distance from the second spiral section to the axis of the tool holder; the spiral cutting edge also includes a transition section, the two ends of the transition section are respectively connected to the first spiral section and the second spiral section, and the distance from the transition section to the axis of the tool holder is along the direction away from the second spiral section. The spiral groove is provided between any two of the spiral cutting edges, and the spiral groove extends along the spiral direction of the spiral cutting edge, and the spiral groove extends to the end face of the shank body; the blade end face extends along the radial direction of the shank body, and the blade end face is away from the end face of the shank body along the spiral direction of the spiral cutting edge; the blade end face includes a first blade face and a second blade face, the first blade face has a first angle with the cross section of the shank body, the second blade face has a second angle with the cross section of the shank, and the second angle is greater than the first angle; the spiral groove is at the farthest two circumferential directions on any cross section of the shank body The ratio of the central angle of a point to the central angle of the two farthest points of the spiral cutting edge on the cross section is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4; the ratio of the distance from the first spiral segment to the axial center line of the shank body to the distance from the second spiral segment to the axial center line of the shank body is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 3; the diameter of the first spiral segment is 13 to 15 mm; the diameter of the second spiral segment is 5 to 7 mm; a cutting portion and an avoidance portion are respectively provided on both sides of the first spiral segment, and the cutting portion and the avoidance portion both extend along the spiral direction of the first spiral segment, the avoidance portion is a depression provided on the first spiral segment, and the avoidance portion is a depression provided on the first spiral segment. The avoidance portion extends to the cutting portion, and the avoidance portion gradually shrinks in the direction toward the cutting portion; the cutting edges of the first spiral segment, the second spiral segment, and the transition segment are all 45°, and the cutting edge of the blade end face is 90°; when using the cast aluminum part processing tool, the rotation speed of the cast aluminum part processing tool is set to 16,000 to 20,000 revolutions per minute, and the feed rate of the cast aluminum part processing tool is set to 4,000 to 5,000 millimeters per minute; the side cutting depth of the first spiral segment is set to 2 to 6 mm and / or the side cutting depth of the second spiral segment is set to 8 to 12 mm and / or the back cutting depth of the blade end face is set to 2 to 4 mm.

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