An inspection door opening and closing mechanism and a locomotive nose cover

Abstract

The present invention provides an overhaul door opening and closing mechanism and a locomotive nose cover. The overhaul door opening and closing mechanism includes a hinge seat, a hinge leaf and an elastic member. The hinge leaf includes a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side which are sequentially bent. The first side, the second side and the third side form an n-shape, and the second side, the third side and the fourth side form a Z-shape. The first side is hinged to the hinge seat. One end of the elastic member is hinged to the hinge seat, and the other end of the elastic member is hinged to the first side. The elastic member can store elastic potential energy and release it to the hinge leaf, so that the hinge leaf rotates along the hinge seat. Compared with the related art, the overhaul door opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention can realize the anti-opening function of the overhaul door in the closed position and the anti-closing function in the open position, making the overhaul door stable in the open position and the closed position without affecting the overhaul operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high - speed trains and inter - city trains, and particularly to an opening and closing mechanism for a maintenance door and a train nose cover. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of high - speed trains and inter - city trains, etc., there are complex electrical equipment in the trains. Maintenance doors are left on both sides of the train nose cover to facilitate the maintenance and repair of related equipment. The opening and closing of the maintenance door are required to be convenient and easy to operate, and the maintenance door does not affect the maintenance work of the maintenance personnel.

[0003] Due to the relatively high running speed of the train, according to the principle of aerodynamics, the outer surface of the maintenance door should be kept in the same streamline shape as the nose cover surface. The maintenance door and the nose cover surface are painted, and the protection of the surface needs to be considered during operation. Moreover, both the nose cover and the maintenance door are composite material products, and can only be fixed to other metal products by means of embedded bonding.

[0004] There are two disassembly and assembly methods for the currently produced maintenance doors: one is that the four - corner positions of the maintenance door are connected by bolts. The advantage is that the maintenance door can be completely removed, and the interference of the maintenance door can be completely avoided during the operation process. The disadvantage is that the convenience is insufficient, and attention needs to be paid to the protection of the maintenance door surface. When the maintenance door is large and heavy, it is time - consuming and laborious to reinstall the maintenance door; the other is that the maintenance door and the nose cover are connected by hinges. The advantage is that the maintenance door can be opened and closed conveniently and quickly. The disadvantage is that due to the influence of the surface streamline, the rotation axis of the hinge is in a non - vertical state. Affected by gravity, the maintenance door is unstable in the open position or the closed position, which affects the maintenance operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an opening and closing mechanism for a maintenance door and a train nose cover that can adapt to the streamline outer surfaces of the maintenance door and the nose cover, so that the opening position and the closing position of the maintenance door are stable and do not affect the maintenance operation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an opening and closing mechanism for a maintenance door includes a hinge seat, a hinge leaf and an elastic member. The hinge leaf includes a first side, a second side, a third side and a fourth side formed by successive bends. The first side, the second side and the third side form an "n" shape, and the second side, the third side and the fourth side form a "Z" shape; the first side is hinged to the hinge seat; one end of the elastic member is hinged to the hinge seat, and the other end of the elastic member is hinged to the first side; the elastic member can store elastic potential energy and release it to the hinge leaf, so that the hinge leaf rotates along the hinge seat.

[0007] In the above solution, the hinge leaf is bent to form multiple edges, which can well adapt to the streamline installation position requirements of the outer surface of the inspection door and the surface of the hood, and can increase the opening angle of the inspection door; the hinge leaf is driven to open or close by an elastic member that can store elastic potential energy and release it, so that the operation process of the inspection door is stable and the inspection door is stable in the open position and the closed position, and does not affect the inspection operation after opening.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic member includes:

[0009] A sleeve having a telescopic cavity with one end penetrating;

[0010] A rod, one end of which is sleeved in the telescopic cavity;

[0011] A telescopic spring is housed in the telescopic cavity, and one end thereof is connected to the inner wall of the telescopic cavity, and the other end is connected to the end of the rod in the telescopic cavity;

[0012] The sleeve is hinged to the hinge seat, and the rod is hinged to the hinge leaf; or, the sleeve is hinged to the hinge leaf, and the rod is hinged to the hinge seat; the telescopic spring compresses and elongates along the sleeve to realize the storage and release of the elastic potential energy.

[0013] The elastic member is a compression elastic member, which can be compressed axially, is convenient for storing elastic potential energy when compressed, and can quickly release when elongated.

[0014] Preferably, the sleeve is hinged to the upper end of the first edge, and the rod is hinged to the hinge seat. The above installation structure allows the telescopic spring to push the sleeve to act, which is more conducive to the release of elastic potential energy.

[0015] Preferably, it includes a first member seat and a second member seat. The elastic member is hinged to the hinge seat through the first member seat to form a fixed-axis rotation, and the elastic member is hinged to the first edge through the second member seat to form a moving-axis rotation; the moving-axis rotation can realize the storage and release of the elastic potential energy.

[0016] The inspection door opening and closing mechanism rotates with one fixed axis and one moving axis. During the movement of the hinge leaf, the relative distance between the first member seat and the second member seat changes, driving the elastic member to compress or elongate, that is, the elastic member hinders and promotes the relative rotation of the hinge, and can realize the anti-opening effect of the inspection door in the closed position and the anti-closing effect in the open position.

[0017] Preferably, the moving-axis rotation trajectory of the elastic member is an arc.

[0018] Preferably, the hinge point of the elastic member and the hinge seat is located on the side of the first side close to the third side, and the hinge point of the elastic member and the first side is located on the side of the first side away from the third side. The above installation structure can make the elastic member inclined, which is more conducive to locking in the open position and the closed position.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of relief holes and reinforcing ribs are provided on the first side, the second side and the third side.

[0020] The present invention also provides a locomotive hood, including a maintenance door provided thereon, and the maintenance door is opened and closed along the locomotive hood through the above-mentioned maintenance door opening and closing mechanism.

[0021] Preferably, the first side is provided on the locomotive hood, the fourth side is provided on the maintenance door, and when the maintenance door is closed, the hinge point of the elastic member and the first side deviates away from the maintenance door side.

[0022] By adjusting the installation position of the first side on the locomotive hood and correspondingly adjusting the installation position of the fourth side on the maintenance door, the above scheme can realize the adjustable swing-open angle of the maintenance door.

[0023] Compared with the related art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] First, the operation of opening or closing the maintenance door is simple;

[0025] Second, it can realize the anti-opening function of the maintenance door in the closed position and the anti-closing function in the open position;

[0026] Third, the hinge has strong load-bearing capacity, and the swing-open angle of the maintenance door can be determined through the hinge setting. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the maintenance door opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention after installation and when the maintenance door is closed;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the elastic member in

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of each kinematic pair of the maintenance door opening and closing mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the process of opening the maintenance door in

[0031] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the schematic diagram of the movement range of the elastic member in

[0032] Figure 6 isFigure 4 Schematic diagram of the change in the elastic force direction of the elastic member in

[0033] Figure 7 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the semi-open state of the inspection door in

[0034] Figure 8 is Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the fully open state of the inspection door in

[0035] In the attached drawings, 1 - driving cab fairing, 2 - inspection door, 3 - first member seat, 31 - first pin shaft, 4 - elastic member, 41 - rod, 42 - sleeve, 421 - telescopic cavity, 43 - first pin hole, 44 - second pin hole, 45 - telescopic spring, 5 - second member seat, 51 - second pin shaft, 6 - hinge leaf, 61 - first side, 62 - second side, 63 - third side, 64 - fourth side, 7 - hinge seat. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. For the convenience of narration, words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" hereinafter only indicate the same direction as the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the attached drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, a driving cab fairing 1 provided in this embodiment includes an inspection door 2 opened on the driving cab fairing 1 and the inspection door 2 is opened or closed along the driving cab fairing 1 through an inspection door opening and closing mechanism.

[0038] The inspection door opening and closing mechanism includes a first member seat 3, an elastic member 4, a second member seat 5, a hinge leaf 6 and a hinge seat 7.

[0039] The hinge leaf 6 includes a first side 61, a second side 62, a third side 63 and a fourth side 64 formed by bending in sequence. The first side 61, the second side 62 and the third side 63 form an n shape. The second side 62, the third side 63 and the fourth side 64 form a Z shape. The above structure can enable the hinge leaf to have good load-bearing capacity. The first side 61 is hinged to the hinge seat 7. The hinge seat 7 is installed and fixed on the driving cab fairing 1, and the fourth side 64 is installed and fixed on the inspection door 2. And by adjusting the installation position of the hinge seat 7 on the driving cab fairing 1 and simultaneously adjusting the installation position of the fourth side 64 on the inspection door 2, the rotatable opening angle of the inspection door can be adjusted. For example, if the first side 61 is closer to the joint of the inspection door and the driving cab fairing 1, the opening angle of the inspection door increases; otherwise, it is smaller.

[0040] The first side 61, the second side 62, the third side 63 and the fourth side 64 are thin plate bending parts, and a plurality of relief holes and reinforcing ribs are provided on the first side 61, the second side 62 and the third side 63.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, the elastic member 4 includes a rod member 41, a sleeve 42, a first pin hole 43, a second pin hole 44 and a telescopic spring 45. The sleeve 42 has a telescopic cavity 421 with one end penetrating through. One end of the rod member 41 is inserted into the telescopic cavity 421, and the other end extends to the outside of the sleeve 42 and is provided with the first pin hole 43 at the end on this side. The second pin hole 44 is provided at the end of the sleeve 42 far from the first pin hole 43. The telescopic spring 45 is installed in the telescopic cavity 421, and its two ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the telescopic cavity 421 and the end of the rod member 41 in the telescopic cavity 421. The rod member 41 and the telescopic spring 45 can perform telescopic movements in the telescopic cavity 421. The elastic member 4 is a compression elastic member and can be compressed axially.

[0042] As Figure 1 , 2 shown, the first member seat 3 is fixed on the hinge seat 7 and on one side of the first side 61 close to the third side 63. The second member seat 5 is an angle iron, which is arranged at the upper end of the first side 61 and on one side far from the third side 63. The second pin hole 44 of the elastic member 4 is hinged to the second member seat 5 through a second pin shaft 51. The first pin hole 43 of the elastic member 4 is hinged to the first member seat 3 through a first pin shaft 31. Thus, the above two kinds of hinges form a rotational kinematic pair in the way of shaft-hole connection (as Figure 3 shown). The elastic member 4 is arranged at both ends of the hinge leaf 6 to ensure the smoothness of the rotational movement. When the inspection door 2 is closed, the hinge point of the elastic member 4 and the first side 61 deviates towards the side far from the inspection door 2 to better achieve locking after closing.

[0043] The rotational kinematic pair of the elastic member 4 and the first member seat 3 is a fixed-axis rotation, and the rotational kinematic pair of the elastic member 4 and the second member seat 5 is a moving-axis rotation. With one fixed-axis rotation and one moving-axis rotation, during the movement of the hinge, the relative distance between the first member seat 3 and the second member seat 5 changes, driving the elastic member to be compressed or elongated, that is, the elastic member hinders or promotes the relative rotation of the hinge leaf.

[0044] As Figure 3 shown, the inspection door opening and closing mechanism can be simplified into 3 moving members, 3 planar rotational pairs and one planar translational pair, that is, the degree of freedom of the whole mechanism is 1, and the movement is unique.

[0045] As Figure 4 , 7As shown in Fig. 8, when the inspection door 2 is opened, the elastic member 4 is first compressed, hindering the opening of the inspection door 2, and at this time, elastic potential energy is stored. After reaching a certain angle, the elastic member 4 elongates, pushing the inspection door 2 to open and releasing the elastic potential energy.

[0046] As Figure 4 shown, when the inspection door 2 is closed, the elastic member 4 is first compressed, hindering the closing of the inspection door 2, and at this time, elastic potential energy is stored. After reaching a certain angle, the elastic member 4 elongates, pushing the inspection door to close. The critical position of the change between the elongation and compression states of the elastic member is the space plane formed by the axis of the second member seat 5 and the rotation axis of the hinge leaf ( Figure 4 shown by the dotted line in the figure).

[0047] As Figure 5 shown, the shaded part in the figure is the movement range of the elastic member. AB is the elastic member. Point B (the fixed-axis rotational pair of the elastic member and the first member seat) is relatively fixed, and the movement trajectory of point A (the moving-axis rotational pair of the elastic member and the second member seat) is an arc. During the movement, the distance between points A and B first becomes smaller and then larger. The change process of the elastic force direction of the elastic member is as Figure 6 shown.

[0048] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inspection door opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a hinge seat (7), a hinge leaf (6) and an elastic member (4). The hinge leaf (6) includes a first side (61), a second side (62), a third side (63) and a fourth side (64) which are sequentially bent. The first side (61), the second side (62) and the third side (63) form an 'n' shape, and the second side (62), the third side (63) and the fourth side (64) form a 'Z' shape. The first side (61) is hinged to the hinge seat (7). One end of the elastic member (4) is hinged to the hinge seat (7), and the other end of the elastic member (4) is hinged to the first side (61). The elastic member (4) can store elastic potential energy and release it to the hinge leaf (6) to make the hinge leaf (6) rotate along the hinge seat (7). When the inspection door is opened, the elastic member (4) is first compressed to hinder the opening of the inspection door (2), and at this time, elastic potential energy is stored. After reaching a certain angle, the elastic member (4) extends. When the inspection door is closed, the elastic member (4) is first compressed to hinder the closing of the inspection door (2), and at this time, elastic potential energy is stored. After reaching a certain angle, the elastic member (4) extends.

2. The overhaul door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic member (4) includes: A sleeve (42) having a telescopic cavity (421) with one end penetrating through; A rod member (41) with one end sleeved inside the telescopic cavity (421); A telescopic spring (45) housed inside the telescopic cavity (421), with one end connected to the inner wall of the telescopic cavity (421) and the other end connected to the end of the rod member (41) inside the telescopic cavity (421); The sleeve (42) is hinged to the hinge seat (7), and the rod member (41) is hinged to the hinge leaf (6); or the sleeve (42) is hinged to the hinge leaf (6), and the rod member (41) is hinged to the hinge seat (7). The telescopic spring compresses and extends along the sleeve to realize the storage and release of the elastic potential energy.

3. The inspection door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sleeve (42) is hinged to the upper end of the first side (61), and the rod member (41) is hinged to the hinge seat (7).

4. The inspection door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It further includes a first member seat (3) and a second member seat (5). The elastic member (4) is hinged to the hinge seat (7) through the first member seat (3) to form a fixed-axis rotation, and the elastic member (4) is hinged to the first side (61) through the second member seat (5) to form a moving-axis rotation. The moving-axis rotation can realize the storage and release of the elastic potential energy.

5. The inspection door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving-axis rotation trajectory of the elastic member (4) is an arc.

6. The inspection door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The hinge point of the elastic member (4) and the hinge seat (7) is located on the side of the first side (61) close to the third side (63), and the hinge point of the elastic member (4) and the first side (61) is located on the side of the first side (61) far from the third side (63).

7. The inspection door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A number of relief holes and reinforcing ribs are provided on the first side (61), the second side (62) and the third side (63).

8. A locomotive cowl, including a maintenance door (2) arranged thereon, is characterized in that, The inspection door (2) realizes its opening and closing along the locomotive nose cover through the inspection door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The locomotive nose cover according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first side (61) is provided on the locomotive nose cover, and the fourth side (64) is provided on the maintenance door (2). When the maintenance door (2) is closed, the hinge point of the elastic member (4) and the first side (61) deviates away from the side of the maintenance door (2).

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