A device for machining a cylinder bore of a crankcase

Abstract

The application discloses a device for machining a cylinder hole of a crankcase, comprising: a rotating disc mechanism; a first machining mechanism for the cylinder hole; a second machining mechanism for the cylinder hole; a cylinder surface inclined hole machining mechanism; a plurality of fixture positions, which is a multiple of four, are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the rotating disc, each fixture position comprising a bearing table and a clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism being capable of reciprocating to clamp or release the cylinder body in cooperation with the bearing table; a driving assembly supporting and driving the rotating disc to rotate; the first machining mechanism for the cylinder hole, the second machining mechanism for the cylinder hole, the cylinder surface inclined hole machining mechanism and a feeding and discharging position are sequentially distributed on the periphery of the rotating disc along the rotating direction of the rotating disc and form a work station corresponding to each fixture position, and each fixture position moves to the next work station along the rotating direction of the rotating disc after the rotating disc rotates by a predetermined angle. The application has high machining precision, efficiency, automation and intelligence.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The embodiment of the application belongs to the technical field of crankcase cylinder hole processing device, and more particularly to a crankcase cylinder hole processing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The compressor is the heart of the refrigerator refrigeration, if not, the whole refrigerator refrigeration system will not work properly, therefore, the quality of the compressor determines the quality of the refrigerator refrigeration.

[0003] The main part of the existing compressor is the crankcase, and the main part affecting the operation performance of the crankcase is the cylinder hole. The cylinder hole is a space for the reciprocating motion of the piston. The smoothness of the reciprocating motion of the piston is the basis guarantee of the refrigeration capacity of the compressor, and is also an important factor for the refrigerator to maintain its temperature balance and stability. Therefore, the processing precision and quality of the cylinder body are particularly important. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the application provides a crankcase cylinder hole processing device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the crankcase cylinder hole processing device comprises: a turntable mechanism for placing the cylinder to be processed; a cylinder hole primary processing mechanism for drilling the cylinder hole and tapping the outer circle of the cylinder surface; a cylinder hole secondary processing mechanism for tapping the inner circle of the cylinder surface and expanding the cylinder hole; a cylinder surface inclined hole processing mechanism for drilling the inclined hole of the cylinder surface; the turntable mechanism comprises a turntable and a driving assembly, the turntable is circumferentially uniformly distributed with a multiple of four jig positions, the jig position comprises a carrying table for carrying the cylinder and a clamping mechanism for clamping or moving away from the cylinder carried on the carrying table, the clamping mechanism can reciprocate to clamp the cylinder or move away from the cylinder with the carrying table; the driving assembly supports and drives the rotation of the turntable; the cylinder hole primary processing mechanism, the cylinder hole secondary processing mechanism, the cylinder surface inclined hole processing mechanism and the feeding and discharging position are distributed in the periphery of the turntable in the rotation direction of the turntable and form a work position corresponding to the jig position one by one, and each jig position moves to the next work position in the rotation direction of the turntable every predetermined angle of the turntable.

[0006] Optionally, when the cylinder is placed on the turntable mechanism, the axis direction of the cylinder hole is perpendicular to the center line of the turntable, the cylinder hole is arranged outward along the radial direction of the turntable, and the cylinder hole primary machining mechanism and the cylinder hole secondary machining mechanism are both horizontal machining mechanisms; the horizontal machining mechanism comprises a first linear drive unit, a first motor, a first driving wheel, a first driven wheel, a first conveying belt, and a spindle head detachably connected with the cylinder hole primary machining tool set or the cylinder hole secondary machining tool set; the shaft rod of the first motor is sleeved with the first driving wheel, the end of the shaft core of the spindle head away from the side of the turntable is sleeved with the first driven wheel, the first conveying belt is in tension connection with the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel respectively, and the other end of the shaft core of the spindle head is detachably connected with the cylinder hole primary machining tool set or the cylinder hole secondary machining tool set; the first motor is installed on the spindle head; the spindle head is connected with the first linear drive unit, so that the first linear drive unit drives the spindle head to approach or move away from the cylinder along the axis direction of the cylinder hole.

[0007] Optionally, the clamping mechanism comprises pneumatic components and a pressing block, one end of the pressing block is connected with the pneumatic components, the other end of the pressing block is a free end, the pneumatic components can drive the pressing block to rotate along a plane perpendicular to the axis direction of the cylinder hole and to approach or move away from the cylinder along a direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the cylinder hole, so as to realize that the free end approaches or moves away from the cylinder; the pneumatic components are installed on the bearing table; the bearing table protrudes a support column on the side facing the cylinder, the bearing table is provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is in communication with the air inlets of all the pneumatic components installed on the bearing table, and the air outlet pipeline is in communication with the air outlets of all the pneumatic components installed on the bearing table.

[0008] Optionally, the support column comprises a support piece and a spring, the support piece comprises a large-diameter section, a small-diameter section, and a cylinder wall; the cross-sectional size of the large-diameter section is larger than that of the small-diameter section, the cylinder wall is arranged around the periphery of the side of the small-diameter section close to the large-diameter section, and the cylinder wall is connected with the large-diameter section, so that a receiving cavity is formed between the cylinder wall and the small-diameter section, the small-diameter section is in sliding connection with the bearing table after penetrating through the spring, one end of the spring is received in the receiving cavity and connected with the support piece, and the other end of the spring is connected with the bearing table; the bearing table is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the support piece, so that the large-diameter section protrudes from the bearing table.

[0009] Optionally, when the cylinder is placed on the turntable mechanism, the axis direction of the cylinder hole is parallel to the center line of the turntable, the clamping mechanism is close to or away from the cylinder in a direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the cylinder hole, and the primary processing mechanism and the secondary processing mechanism of the cylinder hole are both vertical processing mechanisms; the vertical processing mechanism comprises a second linear drive unit, two transmission wheels, a second transmission belt, a support frame, a second motor, a second driving wheel, a second driven wheel, a third transmission belt, a mounting frame, a guide rail assembly, and a spindle head detachably connected with the primary processing tool set of the cylinder hole or the secondary processing tool set of the cylinder hole; the guide rail assembly comprises a first guide rail and a second guide rail connected in sliding mode; the second linear drive unit is mounted on the side of the support frame away from the cylinder hole, the two transmission wheels are respectively connected with the top end of the support frame in shaft mode, one end of the second transmission belt is connected with the second linear drive unit, the other end of the second transmission belt is connected with the second guide rail, and the second transmission belt is in tension connection with the two transmission wheels respectively; the first guide rail is mounted on the side of the support frame close to the cylinder, the mounting frame is mounted on the second guide rail; the second motor and the spindle head are both mounted on the mounting frame, the shaft rod of the second motor is sleeved with the second driving wheel, and one end of the shaft core of the spindle head is sleeved with the second driven wheel; the third transmission belt is in tension connection with the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the bearing table is provided with a positioning groove corresponding to the cylinder; the clamping mechanism comprises a pneumatic component and a clamping plate, and the pneumatic component is mounted on the bearing table; two or more clamping mechanisms are arranged in pairs opposite to each other on the periphery of the positioning groove, so that the pneumatic component can drive the clamping plate to approach or move away from the cylinder along the radial direction of the cylinder hole; the bearing table is provided with an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline is in communication with the air inlets of all the pneumatic components mounted on the bearing table, and the air outlet pipeline is in communication with the air outlets of all the pneumatic components mounted on the bearing table.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping plate is provided with a buffer layer on the side close to the cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, the primary processing tool set of the cylinder hole comprises a first tool seat and a twist drill for drilling the cylinder hole and dimpling the outer circle of the cylinder surface; the twist drill is mounted on the first tool seat in the axis direction of the cylinder hole; the end of the first tool seat away from the twist drill is detachably connected with the spindle head, and the end of the first tool seat close to the twist drill is provided with a clearance corresponding to the cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the cylinder hole secondary processing tool set comprises an I-shaped connecting piece, a second tool seat and a cylinder face inner circle swaging drill for swaging the inner circle of the cylinder face and expanding the cylinder hole; the I-shaped connecting piece comprises a first end plate, a connecting column and a second end plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are oppositely arranged at the two ends of the connecting column; the swaging drill is arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder hole; the end of the second tool seat away from the swaging drill is detachably connected with the first end plate, and the end of the second tool seat close to the swaging drill is provided with a clearance corresponding to the cylinder body; and the second end plate is detachably connected with the main shaft head.

[0014] Optionally, the cylinder face inclined hole processing mechanism comprises a third motor, a third driving wheel, a third driven wheel, a fourth transmission belt and a cylinder driving unit; the push rod of the third motor is sleeved with the third driving wheel, one end of the push rod of the cylinder driving unit is sleeved with the third driven wheel, the fourth transmission belt is tensioned with the third driving wheel and the third driven wheel respectively, the other end of the push rod of the cylinder driving unit is detachably connected with the cylinder face inclined hole processing tool set, and the cylinder driving unit drives the cylinder face inclined hole processing tool set to move along the axial direction of the cylinder face inclined hole to approach or move away from the cylinder body.

[0015] Overall, compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme conceived by the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present application realizes the processing of the cylinder hole through three processing methods, realizes the rough processing and the fine processing of the cylinder hole, drills the cylinder hole to form the rough processing of the cylinder hole, at the same time, swages the outer circle of the cylinder face to ensure the flatness and smoothness of the outer circle of the cylinder face; then swages the inner circle of the cylinder face to realize the expansion of the cylinder hole at the same time to achieve the fine processing of the cylinder hole, to ensure the hole diameter fine processing requirement of the cylinder hole, the flatness and smoothness of the inner circle of the cylinder hole, and further ensure the high matching degree of the cylinder hole and the piston, so that the piston smoothly slides in the cylinder hole, at the same time, the gap between the piston and the cylinder wall is within a reasonable range, avoiding the piston from jumping due to the unevenness of the inner circle of the cylinder face during the sliding process, avoiding the excessive gap between the piston and the cylinder wall from causing the machine oil to flow into the combustion chamber to cause excessive carbon deposition, reducing the performance of the compressor, and avoiding the piston from being pulled into the cylinder due to the small gap between the piston and the cylinder wall. More preferably, during the processing of the cylinder hole, the cylinder body only needs to be fixed once in the work position jig, the automatic switching of the work position is realized through the rotation of the turntable mechanism, the cylinder body does not need to be disassembled and assembled multiple times, and the processing precision is ensured again; since the device can automatically fix and process the cylinder body, the feeding and discharging can be realized by manual or robot, the automation and intelligence are high, multiple cylinder bodies (both split type cylinder bodies and integrated crankcase can be processed) can be processed at the same time, the non-stop processing mode (the feeding and discharging and the processing are carried out synchronously) can be realized, the processing efficiency is high, and the processing precision is excellent.

[0017] (2) When the axis of the cylinder hole is perpendicular to the axis direction of the rotating disc, the mechanism for processing the cylinder hole is all horizontal processing mechanism, and the direction of processing the cylinder hole is along the radial direction of the rotating disc, which balances the force received by the rotating disc when the cylinder hole is processed. Similarly, when the axis direction of the cylinder hole is parallel to the axis direction of the rotating disc, the mechanism for processing the cylinder hole is all vertical processing mechanism. The above two cylinder hole processing methods both reduce the wear of the rotating disc mechanism and prolong the service life thereof. More preferably, once the crankcase or the cylinder body is fixed in the work station fixture, the crankcase or the cylinder body does not need to be moved in the whole processing process, thereby ensuring the processing precision.

[0018] (3) The device type of the present application meets the crankcase being split type or integral type, and can realize vertical processing or horizontal processing of the cylinder hole, and the product type is various, which can meet the production needs of different crankcase manufacturers, and has strong practicability and applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a structure schematic view of an integral crankcase suitable for the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view structure schematic view;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structure schematic view of a cylinder body of a split crankcase suitable for the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is an eight-station horizontal processing crankcase cylinder hole device for processing the crankcase shown in the present application; Figure 1 is another sectional view structure schematic view of an eight-station horizontal processing crankcase cylinder hole device for processing the crankcase shown in the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is another sectional view structure schematic view of an eight-station horizontal processing crankcase cylinder hole device for processing the crankcase shown in the present application; Figure 1 is another sectional view structure schematic view of an eight-station horizontal processing crankcase cylinder hole device for processing the crankcase shown in the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is another sectional view structure schematic view of an eight-station horizontal processing crankcase cylinder hole device for processing the crankcase shown in the present application; Figure 1

[0025] Figure 7 is another sectional view structure schematic view of an eight-station horizontal processing crankcase cylinder hole device for processing the crankcase shown in the present application; Figure 1

[0026] Figure 8 is an embodiment structure schematic view of a cylinder hole primary processing cutter group of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 ​​is a structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the cylinder hole secondary processing tool set of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 is a structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the rotating disc mechanism of the present application;

[0029] Figure 11 is Figure 10 is a structure schematic diagram of the partial enlarged view of A of the present application;

[0030] Figure 12 is Figure 10 is a structure schematic diagram of the rotating disc mechanism fixing of the present application; Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the crankcase of the present application;

[0031] Figure 13 is a structure schematic diagram of the partial enlarged view of B of the present application; Figure 12

[0032] is a structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the rotating disc mechanism of the present application; Figure 14

[0033] is a structure schematic diagram of the partial enlarged view of C of the present application; Figure 15 Figure 14 is a structure schematic diagram of the partial enlarged view of D of the present application;

[0034] Figure 16 Figure 14 is a structure schematic diagram of the partial enlarged view of D of the present application;

[0035] Figure 17 is a structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the cylinder body of the present application; Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the eight-station vertical processing crankcase cylinder hole device of the present application.

[0036] ​​In all the drawings, the same reference signs refer to the same technical features, specifically: 1 - rotary table mechanism, 11 - rotary table, 111 - gas path pipeline, 1111 - gas outlet branch, 1112 - gas inlet branch, 1113 - ventilation pipeline, 112 - collection tank, 12 - work station fixture, 121 - bearing table, 1211 - first empty space, 1212 - support column, 1213 - gas inlet pipeline, 1214 - gas outlet pipeline, 1215 - positioning groove, 122 - clamping mechanism, 1221 - pneumatic component, 1222 - pressing block, 1223 - wear-resistant block, 1224 - clamping plate, 13 - driving assembly, 2 - horizontal machining mechanism, 21 - first linear driving unit, 22 - first motor, 23 - first driving wheel, 24 - first driven wheel, 25 - first conveying belt, 26 - spindle head, 27 - primary machining tool set for cylinder hole, 271 - first tool seat, 2711 - second empty space, 272 - twist drill, 28 - secondary machining tool set for cylinder hole, 281 - first end plate, 282 - connecting column, 283 - second end plate, 284 - second tool seat, 2841 - third empty space, 285 - counterbore drill, 3 - vertical machining mechanism, 311 - second linear driving unit, 312 - transmission wheel, 313 - second conveying belt, 32 - support frame, 331 - second motor, 332 - second driving wheel, 333 - second driven wheel, 334 - third conveying belt, 335 - mounting frame, 341 - first guide rail, 342 - second guide rail, 4 - cylinder surface inclined hole machining mechanism, 41 - third motor, 42 - cylinder driving unit, 43 - cylinder surface inclined hole machining tool set, 5 - crankcase, 51 - cylinder hole, 52 - crankshaft hole, 53 - bearing surface, 54 - sound attenuation cavity, 55 - sound attenuation cavity threaded hole, 56 - cylinder support part, 57 - outer side support part, 6 - cylinder block, 7 - feeding and discharging position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not used to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] In practical applications, the crankcase 5 can be divided into an integrated crankcase and a split crankcase, for example, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 , which is an integrated crankcase. In addition to the cylinder hole 51, the crankcase 5 is also provided with a crankshaft hole 52, a bearing surface 53, a sound attenuation cavity 54, a sound attenuation cavity threaded hole 55, a cylinder support part 56 and an outer side support part 57 arranged below the cylinder hole 51, and the like. As shown in Figure 3As shown, the cylinder block 6 of the split crankcase is a component that is machined separately, including the cylinder block 6 with cylinder bore 51, the crankshaft body with crankshaft bore 52, and the muffler body with muffler cavity 54. These components are then assembled by connecting parts, welding, or secondary casting to form a complete crankcase 5.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 4-16, an eight-station horizontal crankcase cylinder bore machining device includes: a turntable mechanism 1 for placing the cylinder block 6 to be machined; a primary cylinder bore machining mechanism for drilling cylinder bores 51 and countersinking the outer ring of the cylinder face; a secondary cylinder bore machining mechanism for countersinking the inner ring of the cylinder face and enlarging the cylinder bore 51; and a cylinder face oblique hole machining mechanism 4 for drilling oblique holes in the cylinder face. The turntable mechanism 1 includes a turntable 11 and a drive assembly 13. The turntable 11 has eight fixture positions evenly distributed around its circumference. Each fixture position includes a support platform 121 for supporting the cylinder block 6 and a fixture for clamping or moving away from the support platform. The clamping mechanism 122 of the cylinder body 6 of the platform 121 can reciprocate to cooperate with the platform 121 to clamp the cylinder body 6 or move away from the cylinder body 6; the drive assembly 13 supports and drives the turntable 11 to rotate; the cylinder bore primary processing mechanism, the cylinder bore secondary processing mechanism, the cylinder surface oblique hole processing mechanism 4 and the loading and unloading positions 7 are distributed in sequence on the periphery of the turntable 11 along the rotation direction of the turntable 11 and form eight work positions corresponding one-to-one with the fixture positions. Every time the turntable 11 rotates by a predetermined angle, each fixture position moves to the next work position along the rotation direction of the turntable 11.

[0040] Understandably, the eight workstations, arranged sequentially along the rotation direction of the turntable 11, are: the loading / unloading position 7 for loading or unloading, the cylinder bore primary machining position formed by the cylinder bore primary machining mechanism, the cylinder bore secondary machining position formed by the cylinder bore secondary machining mechanism, and the cylinder surface oblique hole machining position formed by the cylinder surface oblique hole machining mechanism 4. Therefore, this device can process multiple crankcases 5 simultaneously, with loading and unloading performed separately through two loading / unloading positions 7, resulting in high processing efficiency. Of course, in another embodiment of the invention, this device can be equipped with only four workstations: the loading / unloading position 7, the cylinder bore primary machining position, the cylinder bore secondary machining position, and the cylinder surface oblique hole machining position. The number of workstations can be a multiple of four, and the specific layout can be reasonably determined based on the surface area of ​​the turntable 11 and the footprint of each machining mechanism; details will not be elaborated here. In practical applications, the drive component 13 can be hydraulically driven or motor-driven, and the rotation speed and angle of each rotation of the turntable 11 can be set by an encoder and a program.

[0041] It is worth mentioning that the device can be used to process integrated crankcases, that is, when the cylinder block 6 is placed on the turntable mechanism 1, the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51 is perpendicular to the center line of the turntable 11, and the cylinder hole 51 is arranged outward along the radial direction of the turntable 11. Then the cylinder hole primary processing mechanism and the cylinder hole secondary processing mechanism are both horizontal processing mechanisms 2; the horizontal processing mechanism 2 comprises a first linear drive unit 21, a first motor 22, a first driving wheel 23, a first driven wheel 24, a first conveying belt 25, and a spindle head 26 which is detachably connected with the cylinder hole primary processing tool set 27 or the cylinder hole secondary processing tool set 28; the shaft rod of the first motor 22 is sleeved with the first driving wheel 23, the end of the shaft core of the spindle head 26 away from the side of the turntable 11 is sleeved with the first driven wheel 24, the first conveying belt 25 is tensioned and connected with the first driving wheel 23 and the first driven wheel 24 respectively, and the other end of the shaft core of the spindle head 26 is detachably connected with the cylinder hole primary processing tool set 27 or the cylinder hole secondary processing tool set 28; the first motor 22 is installed on the spindle head 26; the spindle head 26 is connected with the first linear drive unit 21, so as to realize that the first linear drive unit 21 drives the spindle head 26 to approach or move away from the cylinder block 6 along the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51.

[0042] Optionally, the cylinder hole primary processing tool set 27 comprises a first tool seat 271 and a twist drill 272 for drilling the cylinder hole 51 and dimpling the outer circle of the cylinder surface; the twist drill 272 is installed on the first tool seat 271 along the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51; the end of the first tool seat 271 away from the twist drill 272 is detachably connected with the spindle head 26, and the end of the first tool seat 271 close to the twist drill 272 is provided with a second air clearance 2711 corresponding to the cylinder block 6.

[0043] Optionally, the cylinder hole secondary processing tool set 28 comprises a I-shaped connecting piece, a second tool seat 284, and a dimpling drill 285 for dimpling the inner circle of the cylinder surface and expanding the cylinder hole 51; the I-shaped connecting piece comprises a first end plate 281, a connecting column 282, and a second end plate 283, the first end plate 281 and the second end plate 283 are oppositely installed on the two ends of the connecting column 282; the dimpling drill 285 is installed on the second tool seat 284 along the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51; the end of the second tool seat 284 away from the dimpling drill 285 is detachably connected with the first end plate 281, and the end of the second tool seat 284 close to the dimpling drill 285 is provided with a third air clearance 2841 corresponding to the cylinder block 6; the second end plate 283 is detachably connected with the spindle head 26.

[0044] Optionally, the clamping mechanism 122 comprises a pneumatic component 1221 and a pressing block 1222, one end of the pressing block 1222 is connected with the pneumatic component 1221, the other end of the pressing block 1222 is a free end, the pneumatic component 1221 can drive the pressing block 1222 to rotate in a plane perpendicular to the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51 and to move close to or away from the cylinder body 6 in a direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51, so as to realize the free end close to or away from the cylinder body 6; the pneumatic component 1221 is installed on the bearing table 121; the bearing table 121 protrudes a support column 1212 towards the side of the cylinder body 6; the bearing table 121 is provided with an air inlet pipeline 1213 and an air outlet pipeline 1214, the air inlet pipeline 1213 is in communication with the air inlet of the pneumatic component 1221 installed on the bearing table 121, and the air outlet pipeline 1214 is in communication with the air outlet of the pneumatic component 1221 installed on the bearing table 121; the bearing table 121 is provided with a first air avoiding position 1211 corresponding to the position of the crankshaft hole 52.

[0045] Optionally, the support column 1212 comprises a support piece and a spring, the support piece comprises a large-diameter section, a small-diameter section and a cylinder wall; the cross-sectional size of the large-diameter section is larger than that of the small-diameter section, the cylinder wall is peripherally arranged on the side of the small-diameter section close to the large-diameter section, and the cylinder wall is connected with the large-diameter section, so that a containing cavity is formed between the cylinder wall and the small-diameter section; the small-diameter section penetrates through the spring and is slidably connected with the bearing table 121, one end of the spring is contained in the containing cavity and connected with the support piece, and the other end of the spring is connected with the bearing table 121; the bearing table 121 is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the support piece, so that the large-diameter section protrudes from the bearing table 121. In actual application, the support column 1212 is used for positioning and limiting the cylinder support part 56 and the outer side support part 57, and the contact part of the support column 1212 with the cylinder support part 56 and the outer side support part 57 is provided with a concave-convex matching structure, so as to realize that the crankcase 5 is preliminarily limited and positioned when placed on the bearing table 121, displacement phenomenon is not easy to occur, and the stability of the processing posture of the crankcase 5 is ensured.

[0046] Optionally, the middle position of the rotary table 11 is provided with an air path pipeline 111, the air path pipeline 111 is provided with a plurality of air outlet branches 1111 and a plurality of air inlet branches 1112, each air outlet branch 1111 is communicated with the air inlet pipeline 1213 of each station jig 12, and each air inlet branch 1112 is communicated with the air outlet pipeline 1214 of each station jig 12. Optionally, all pneumatic components 1221 of each station jig 12 are mounted on the bearing table 121. Optionally, the air path pipeline 111 comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the outer sleeve is rotationally arranged on the outer side of the inner sleeve and is sealingly connected with the inner sleeve, so that a closed space is formed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve; the outer sleeve is radially protruded with an annular boss, the annular boss is sealingly connected with the inner sleeve and separates the closed space into two independent sub-closed spaces (i.e. a first sub-closed space and a second sub-closed space), the first sub-closed space is communicated with all air outlet branches 1111, and the second sub-closed space is communicated with all air inlet branches 1112; the inner sleeve is provided with two independent air passage pipelines 1113, and the two air passage pipelines 1113 are communicated with the two sub-closed spaces one by one. It can be understood that the first sub-closed space is communicated with eight air outlet branches 1111, and one air outlet branch 1111 is communicated with the air inlet pipeline 1213 of one bearing table 121; the second sub-closed space is communicated with eight air inlet branches 1112, and one air inlet branch 1112 is communicated with the air outlet pipeline 1214 of one bearing table 121. Optionally, the inner sleeve is further provided with a standby air passage pipeline 1113, the standby air passage pipeline 1113 is communicated with the two sub-closed spaces respectively and is provided with a control valve at the communicated positions, when one of the air passage pipelines 1113 cannot be used, the standby air passage pipeline 1113 can replace the air passage pipeline 1113 for use, to ensure the normal use of the rotary table 11. Optionally, a sealing ring is arranged at the contact position of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, to ensure the sealing property of the sub-closed space, and a sealing ring is arranged at the contact position of the air passage pipeline 1113 and the inner sleeve, and a sealing ring is arranged at the contact position of the air outlet branch 1111 and the outer sleeve and the air inlet branch 1112 and the outer sleeve. Of course, in another embodiment of the present application, the inner sleeve can be provided with an air passage pipeline 1113 corresponding to each air inlet pipeline 1213 and each air outlet pipeline 1214, to realize the independent air inlet and air outlet control of each station jig 12.

[0047] Optionally, the device is provided with a cutting fluid circulation mechanism, the cutting fluid circulation mechanism comprises a recovery pipeline, a circulating pump, a filtering unit, and a plurality of spray pipelines respectively corresponding to the cylinder hole primary machining mechanism, the cylinder hole secondary machining mechanism, and the cylinder surface inclined hole machining mechanism; the turntable 11 is provided with a collecting groove 112 for collecting the cutting fluid sprayed by the spray pipelines; the spray pipelines, the collecting groove 112, the recovery pipeline, the filtering unit, and the circulating pump form a cutting fluid circulation loop. Preferably, the collecting groove 112 is paved with a filtering layer for preliminarily filtering the debris generated in the machining process. The thickness of the filtering layer is less than the groove depth of the collecting groove 112. In actual application, the collecting groove 112 and the air path pipeline 111 can be optionally arranged at the middle position of the turntable 11.

[0048] It can be understood that when the crankcase 5 is placed on the bearing table 121, the pneumatic component 1221 first drives the pressing block 1222 to rotate above the bearing table 121, and then the pneumatic component 1221 drives the pressing block 1222 to approach the crankcase 5 to realize the pressing of the crankcase 5. Of course, the rotation and the up-and-down movement of the pressing block 1222 can also be performed simultaneously. Exemplarily, as shown in Figures 10-16 each work station jig 12 can place two crankcases 5, and each crankcase 5 is provided with three clamping mechanisms 122 corresponding thereto, which are arranged at three corners of the crankcase 5 in a triangular shape. Of course, in actual application, one work station jig 12 can carry other numbers of crankcases 5, which can be arranged according to the outer circumference of the turntable 11, and details are not described herein. Each machining mechanism can be evenly or unevenly arranged at the periphery of the turntable 11, and is arranged in cooperation with the crankcase 5, for example, when machining the cylinder surface inclined hole, the cylinder surface inclined hole machining tool group 43 needs to be arranged at an angle with the radial direction of the turntable 11 to machine the cylinder surface inclined hole meeting the requirements, and the cylinder hole primary machining mechanism and the cylinder hole secondary machining mechanism need to machine the cylinder hole 51 along the radial direction of the turntable 11 to machine the cylinder hole 51 meeting the requirements, and the like.

[0049] Optionally, as shown in Figure 15 and 16 more than one free end close to one side of the crankcase 5 is provided with a wear-resistant block 1223, which is attached to the crankcase 5 when the free end cooperates with the bearing table 121 to clamp the crankcase 5.

[0050] Optionally, the cylinder surface inclined hole machining mechanism 4 is also horizontal, comprising a third motor 41, a third driving wheel, a third driven wheel, a fourth transmission belt, and a pneumatic cylinder driving unit 42; the push rod of the third motor 41 is sleeved with the third driving wheel, one end of the push rod of the pneumatic cylinder driving unit 42 is sleeved with the third driven wheel, the fourth transmission belt is in tension connection with the third driving wheel and the third driven wheel respectively, the other end of the push rod of the pneumatic cylinder driving unit 42 is in detachable connection with the cylinder surface inclined hole machining tool group 43, and the pneumatic cylinder driving unit 42 drives the cylinder surface inclined hole machining tool group 43 to approach or move away from the cylinder block 6 along the axis direction of the cylinder surface inclined hole.

[0051] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 17 different from the above-mentioned embodiments, the device is an eight-station vertical machining device for machining cylinder holes of a crankcase, when the cylinder block 6 is placed on the turntable mechanism 1 and the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51 is parallel to the center line of the turntable 11, the clamping mechanism 122 approaches or moves away from the cylinder block 6 along a direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the cylinder hole 51, and both the cylinder hole primary machining mechanism and the cylinder hole secondary machining mechanism are vertical machining mechanisms 3; the vertical machining mechanism 3 comprises a second linear drive unit 311, two transmission wheels 312, a second transmission belt 313, a support frame 32, a second motor 331, a second driving wheel 332, a second driven wheel 333, a third transmission belt 334, a mounting frame 335, a guide rail assembly, and a spindle head 26 detachably connected with the cylinder hole primary machining tool set 27 or the cylinder hole secondary machining tool set 28; the guide rail assembly comprises a first guide rail 341 and a second guide rail 342 connected in sliding mode; the second linear drive unit 311 is installed on the side of the support frame 32 away from the cylinder hole 51, the two transmission wheels 312 are respectively shaft-connected to the top ends of the support frame 32, one end of the second transmission belt 313 is connected with the second linear drive unit 311, the other end of the second transmission belt 313 is connected with the second guide rail 342, and the second transmission belt 313 is in tension connection with the two transmission wheels 312 respectively; the first guide rail 341 is installed on the side of the support frame 32 close to the cylinder block 6, and the mounting frame 335 is installed on the second guide rail 342; the second motor 331 and the spindle head 26 are both installed on the mounting frame 335, the shaft rod of the second motor 331 is sleeved with the second driving wheel 332, one end of the shaft core of the spindle head 26 is sleeved with the second driven wheel 333, and the third transmission belt 334 is in tension connection with the second driving wheel 332 and the second driven wheel 333 respectively.

[0052] Optionally, the bearing table 121 is provided with a positioning groove 1215 corresponding to the cylinder block 6; the clamping mechanism 122 comprises a pneumatic component 1221 and a clamping plate 1224, and the pneumatic component 1221 is installed on the bearing table 121; two or more clamping mechanisms 122 are oppositely arranged on the periphery of the positioning groove 1215, so that the pneumatic component 1221 can drive the clamping plate 1224 to approach or move away from the cylinder block 6 along the radial direction of the cylinder hole 51. Optionally, the side of the clamping plate 1224 close to the cylinder block 6 is provided with a buffer layer. In actual application, the clamping plate 1224 is preferably in contact with the outer side wall of the cylinder block 6, and when the outer side wall of the cylinder block 6 is a plane, the clamping plate 1224 is a flat plate; when the outer side wall of the cylinder block 6 is a cylindrical surface, the clamping plate 1224 is an arc-shaped plate. At this time, the cylinder surface inclined hole machining mechanism 4 is changed from horizontal installation to vertical installation, that is, the cylinder driving unit 42 is installed on a support platform, so that the movement direction of the cylinder driving unit 42 is parallel to the axis direction of the cylinder surface inclined hole.

[0053] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for machining crankcase cylinder bores, characterized in that, include: A turntable mechanism for placing cylinder blocks to be processed; A primary machining mechanism for drilling cylinder bores and countersinking the outer ring of the cylinder surface; A secondary machining mechanism for countersinking cylinder inner rings and expanding cylinder bores; A cylinder face inclined hole machining mechanism for drilling inclined holes in cylinder faces; The turntable mechanism includes a turntable and a drive assembly. The turntable has a number of fixture positions that are multiples of four evenly distributed around its circumference. Each fixture position includes a support platform for supporting a cylinder and a clamping mechanism for clamping or moving away from the cylinder supported on the support platform. The clamping mechanism can reciprocate to cooperate with the support platform to clamp or move away from the cylinder. The drive assembly supports and drives the turntable to rotate. The cylinder bore primary processing mechanism, the cylinder bore secondary processing mechanism, the cylinder surface oblique hole processing mechanism, and the loading and unloading positions are sequentially distributed around the turntable along the rotation direction of the turntable and form workstations corresponding one-to-one with the fixture positions. Each time the turntable rotates a predetermined angle, each fixture position moves to the next workstation along the rotation direction of the turntable. An air passage is provided in the middle of the turntable. The air passage has multiple air outlet branches and multiple air inlet branches. Each air outlet branch is connected to the air inlet branch of each workstation fixture, and each air inlet branch is connected to the air outlet branch of each workstation fixture. The gas pipeline includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The outer sleeve is rotatably located outside the inner sleeve and is sealed to the inner sleeve, forming a closed space between the inner and outer sleeves. The outer sleeve has an annular protrusion that protrudes radially inward. The annular protrusion is sealed to the inner sleeve and divides the closed space into a first sub-closed space and a second sub-closed space. The first sub-closed space is connected to all the outlet branches, and the second sub-closed space is connected to all the inlet branches. The inner sleeve has two independent vent pipes, which are connected to the two sub-closed spaces one by one. The first sub-closed space is connected to the outlet branch, and the outlet branch is connected to the inlet branch of the support platform. The second sub-closed space is connected to the inlet branch, and the inlet branch is connected to the outlet branch of the support platform. The support platform has a support column protruding on the side facing the cylinder body. The support platform is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of all the pneumatic components installed on the support platform, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of all the pneumatic components installed on the support platform. The support column includes a support member and a spring. The support member includes a large-diameter section, a small-diameter section, and a cylindrical wall. The cross-sectional dimension of the large-diameter section is larger than that of the small-diameter section. The cylindrical wall surrounds the outer periphery of the small-diameter section near the large-diameter section and is connected to the large-diameter section, forming a receiving cavity between the cylindrical wall and the small-diameter section. The small-diameter section passes through the spring and is slidably connected to the support platform. One end of the spring is received in the receiving cavity and connected to the support member, and the other end of the spring is connected to the support platform. The support platform has mounting holes corresponding to the support member, allowing the large-diameter section to protrude from the support platform. The support column is used to position and limit the cylinder support and the outer support. The contact point between the support column and the cylinder support and the outer support is provided with a concave-convex fit structure to achieve initial limiting and positioning of the crankcase when it is placed on the bearing platform.

2. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the cylinder body is placed on the turntable mechanism, and the axial direction of the cylinder bore is perpendicular to the center line of the turntable, the cylinder bore is arranged outward along the radial direction of the turntable, and both the primary cylinder bore machining mechanism and the secondary cylinder bore machining mechanism are horizontal machining mechanisms. The horizontal machining mechanism includes a first linear drive unit, a first motor, a first drive wheel, a first driven wheel, a first conveyor belt, and a spindle head that is detachably connected to the primary machining tool set or the secondary machining tool set of the cylinder bore. The first motor shaft is fitted with the first drive wheel, the end of the spindle head away from the turntable is fitted with the first driven wheel, the first conveyor belt is tensioned and connected to the first drive wheel and the first driven wheel respectively, and the other end of the spindle head is detachably connected to the cylinder bore primary machining tool set or the cylinder bore secondary machining tool set. The first motor is mounted on the spindle head; The spindle head is connected to the first linear drive unit so that the first linear drive unit drives the spindle head to move closer to or away from the cylinder body along the axial direction of the cylinder bore.

3. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a pneumatic component and a pressure block. One end of the pressure block is connected to the pneumatic component, and the other end of the pressure block is a free end. The pneumatic component can drive the pressure block to rotate along a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder bore and to move closer to or away from the cylinder body along the axis perpendicular to the cylinder bore, so as to make the free end move closer to or away from the cylinder body. The pneumatic component is mounted on the support platform.

4. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the cylinder body is placed on the turntable mechanism, and the axial direction of the cylinder bore is parallel to the center line of the turntable, the clamping mechanism moves closer to or away from the cylinder body in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder bore, and both the primary cylinder bore machining mechanism and the secondary cylinder bore machining mechanism are vertical machining mechanisms. The vertical machining mechanism includes a second linear drive unit, two transmission wheels, a second conveyor belt, a support frame, a second motor, a second driving wheel, a second driven wheel, a third conveyor belt, a mounting frame, a guide rail assembly, and a spindle head detachably connected to either the primary or secondary machining tool set for the cylinder bore. The guide rail assembly includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail that are slidably connected. The second linear drive unit is mounted on the support frame away from the cylinder bore. The two transmission wheels are respectively axled to the top of the support frame. One end of the second conveyor belt is connected to the second linear drive unit, and the other end is connected to the second guide rail. The second conveyor belt is tensioned to both transmission wheels. The first guide rail is mounted on the support frame near the cylinder body, and the mounting frame is mounted on the second guide rail. The second motor and the spindle head are both mounted on the mounting frame. The shaft of the second motor is fitted with the second driving wheel, and one end of the spindle head's shaft is fitted with the second driven wheel. The third conveyor belt is tensioned to both the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel.

5. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The support platform is provided with a positioning groove corresponding to the cylinder body; The clamping mechanism includes pneumatic components and clamping plates, and the pneumatic components are mounted on the support platform; Two or more clamping mechanisms are arranged opposite each other around the positioning groove, so that the pneumatic component can drive the clamping plate to move closer to or away from the cylinder body along the radial direction of the cylinder bore; The support platform is provided with an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the air inlet of all the pneumatic components installed on the support platform, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the air outlet of all the pneumatic components installed on the support platform.

6. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping plate has a buffer layer on the side near the cylinder body.

7. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that: The cylinder bore initial machining tool set includes a first tool holder and a twist drill for drilling the cylinder bore and countersinking the outer ring of the cylinder surface; The twist drill is mounted on the first tool holder along the axial direction of the cylinder bore; The end of the first tool holder away from the twist drill is detachably connected to the spindle head, and the end of the first tool holder near the twist drill is provided with a clearance space corresponding to the cylinder body.

8. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that: The cylinder bore secondary machining tool set includes an I-shaped connector, a second tool holder, and a countersinking drill for countersinking the inner ring of the cylinder surface and expanding the cylinder bore. The I-shaped connector includes a first end plate, a connecting column, and a second end plate, with the first end plate and the second end plate installed opposite to each other at both ends of the connecting column. The countersink is mounted on the second tool holder along the axial direction of the cylinder bore; The end of the second tool holder away from the countersink is detachably connected to the first end plate, and the end of the second tool holder near the countersink is provided with a clearance space corresponding to the cylinder body; The second end plate is detachably connected to the spindle head.

9. The apparatus for machining crankcase cylinder bores as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The cylinder face oblique hole machining mechanism includes a third motor, a third driving wheel, a third driven wheel, a fourth conveyor belt, and a cylinder drive unit; The push rod of the third motor is fitted with the third driving wheel, and one end of the push rod of the cylinder drive unit is fitted with the third driven wheel. The fourth conveyor belt is tensioned and connected to the third driving wheel and the third driven wheel respectively. The other end of the push rod of the cylinder drive unit is detachably connected to the cylinder surface oblique hole machining tool set. The cylinder drive unit drives the cylinder surface oblique hole machining tool set to move closer to or away from the cylinder body along the axial direction of the cylinder surface oblique hole.

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