Solid-phase gas flow lightning protection arc extinguishing cylinder with backflushing arc extinguishing

Abstract

The application discloses a solid-phase gas flow lightning protection arc extinguishing cylinder with backflushing arc extinguishing, which comprises a top-closed arc extinguishing cylinder body, a first through hole and a second through hole are arranged on the top of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, an arc leading mechanism and a gas generator are respectively arranged on the first through hole and the second through hole, a backflushing pipe and an arc extinguishing channel composed of a plurality of three-way pipes are arranged on the inner side wall of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the backflushing pipe is fixedly installed at the lower part of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the top of the backflushing pipe is provided with a lightning receiving electrode II, the internal space of the backflushing pipe is a semi-closed space with a downward opening, the arc extinguishing channel composed of the plurality of three-way pipes is spirally arranged at the upper part of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the three-way pipe at the uppermost end is connected with the arc leading mechanism, and the three-way pipe at the lowermost end is connected with the lightning receiving electrode II. The backflushing pipe and the compression pipe utilize the arc extinguishing function of lightning itself, form an internal and external energy double synergistic effect, can extinguish higher arc energy, and ensure that the arc cannot be reignited.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a component of a lightning protection device in a power transmission line, in particular to a solid-phase air flow lightning protection arc extinguishing cylinder with backflush arc extinguishing. BACKGROUND

[0002] In China, the distribution of power energy and load centers is very uneven, mainly coal-fired power generation. Coal resources are mostly concentrated in the northwest region, and developable hydro resources are mainly concentrated in the western and central regions, while the load center of China is concentrated in the eastern coastal, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan and central developed regions. This determines that China must solve the power problem of the load center, and must develop hydro and thermal power generation while building cross-regional, large-capacity and long-distance energy transmission channels.

[0003] With the continuous increase of the voltage level of the power transmission line, the state has built a total of eight intersections and ten direct high-voltage projects, forming more than 110 million kilometers of power transmission lines, with nearly 50 million base towers. According to statistics, the lightning hazard risk of the power grid is mainly concentrated in the power transmission line, and lightning hazard is still an important factor affecting the safety, stability and reliability of the power transmission network. The existing lightning protection system is mainly a "blocking type" lightning protection mode, and the main measures are to erect lightning lines and coupling ground wires, reduce the tower grounding resistance, enhance the line insulation and install line arresters, etc. Due to the limitations of effectiveness, safety and economy, it can only protect single weak lightning, and there is a huge gap in the protection of large lightning and multiple lightning. The existing "dredging type" lightning protection mode mainly installs a parallel protection gap at both ends of the insulator string, although its structure is simple and convenient to install, but because it does not have an arc extinguishing function module, the system continuously flows into the short-circuit current, which can only rely on the circuit breaker to cut off the short-circuit current, and "switching rate in exchange for accident rate", which is easy to cause a large safety accident of the line. At the same time, due to the ablation effect of the short-circuit current, the insulation coordination of the parallel protection gap fails, losing the function of application. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the application provides a solid-phase air flow lightning protection arc extinguishing cylinder with backflush arc extinguishing by using the arc extinguishing energy of lightning itself.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows:

[0006] The application discloses a solid-phase gas flow lightning protection arc extinguishing cylinder with backflushing arc extinguishing, which comprises a top-closed arc extinguishing cylinder body, a first through hole and a second through hole are arranged on the top of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, an arc striking mechanism and a gas generator with built-in arc extinguishing gas pills are arranged on the first through hole and the second through hole respectively, a backflushing pipe and an arc extinguishing channel composed of a plurality of three-way pipes are arranged on the inner side wall of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the backflushing pipe is fixedly installed at the lower part of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, a lightning receiving electrode II is arranged at the top of the backflushing pipe, and the internal space of the backflushing pipe is a semi-closed space with a downward opening, the arc extinguishing channel composed of the plurality of three-way pipes is arranged in a spiral shape at the upper part of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the three-way pipe at the uppermost end is connected with the arc striking mechanism, and the three-way pipe at the lowermost end is connected with the lightning receiving electrode II.

[0007] The application is further optimized, gas flow injection holes are arranged on the side wall of the arc extinguishing cylinder body corresponding to the vertical pipe openings of each three-way pipe, and the vertical pipe openings of the three-way pipes are inserted into the gas flow injection holes.

[0008] The application is further optimized, the arc striking mechanism comprises a lightning receiving electrode I, an arc striking rod and a Rogowski coil, the lightning receiving electrode I is arranged at the bottom of the arc striking rod and is fixedly installed on the first through hole at the top of the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the Rogowski coil is sleeved on the arc striking rod, the Rogowski coil is connected with the gas generator through an electric wire, and the lightning receiving electrode I is connected with the three-way pipe at the uppermost end.

[0009] The application is further optimized, metal electrodes are arranged at the two ends of the three-way pipe respectively. In this way, the metal electrodes at the two ends of the three-way pipe facilitate the connection between the three-way pipes.

[0010] The application is further optimized, a metal ring and a boss are arranged in the backflushing pipe, and the metal ring is arranged on the boss. In this way, the boss is used for fixing the position of the metal ring, and the metal ring is arranged to ensure that the electric arc can enter the backflushing pipe according to a predetermined path to realize the backflushing effect.

[0011] The application is further optimized, the inner shape of the backflushing pipe is in a straight cylinder type, a horn type or an inverted horn type. In this way, the backflushing pipe is designed in the horn type to form a larger temperature difference and pressure difference between the inside and the outside, and can form a better backflushing effect for the electric arc with stronger energy. The backflushing pipe is designed in the inverted horn type to utilize the energy of the electric arc to act on the electric arc with stronger energy.

[0012] The lightning electrode I and the lightning electrode II are further optimized to be semi-elliptical or circular.

[0013] The arc extinguishing cylinder body is further optimized to be a straight cylinder.

[0014] Working principle of the present application:

[0015] When lightning occurs, the arc is subjected to energy reduction or arc extinguishing through three stages;

[0016] The first stage: the arc is first introduced into the recoil tube, and the arc is subjected to the effect of the narrow tube of the recoil tube body, at this time, the arc diameter in the recoil tube body is reduced, so that the arc density, speed and temperature are increased, resulting in an increase in the pressure in the tube, and finally a pressure explosion effect is generated, so that the arc at the bottom of the blocked recoil tube is subjected to a reverse elastic force, and the advancing direction of most of the arc is changed by 180°, and a small part of the arc enters the arc extinguishing channel composed of a plurality of three-way pipes. The rebounded arc has greater speed, density and pressure, and acts on the outer arc at the entrance due to the cavity effect formed at the entrance, resulting in the truncation of the arc at the port. The recoil tube in the present application is a narrow tube filling channel, which is the only channel for the arc to enter the device. Various physical changes occur during the filling process. 1. Elastic deformation of arc plasma. When the arc plasma enters the entrance of the recoil tube, the physical shape is first changed, from a thick arc to a very thin arc, the radial pressure is converted into an axial pressure, and due to the narrow tube recoil effect, the speed of the arc when it rebounds will be accelerated. 2. The temperature rise effect is intensified. After the arc is thinned, the cross-sectional area of the arc is reduced, and according to the formula , the arc resistance will be greatly increased. Since the lightning arc is often used as a constant current source in actual experience, according to the formula , although the time of the impact is only a few microseconds, the overall energy will be enhanced, and the temperature in the recoil tube will be increased. Arc radiation, convection and conduction are three ways of energy loss. Due to the closed pipeline, i.e. the external blocking environment, heat cannot be released, which plays a blocking role on the arc, only produces heat, and does not dissipate heat, so a blocking temperature rise is generated, which causes the temperature in the tube to continuously rise. 3. The pressure explosion effect is sharply increased. The gradual increase in temperature further intensifies the pressure explosion effect, making the arc jet more powerful.

[0017] The second stage: the arc enters the plurality of three-way pipes in the arc extinguishing cylinder body, the three-way pipes utilize the internal and external temperature and pressure asymmetry generated by the compression effect and temperature rise effect to generate a compressed jet flow in the three-way pipes, which acts on the arc to achieve horizontal blowing and multi-point truncation, and to achieve the second stage of arc energy reduction or arc extinguishing.

[0018] Third stage: if the arc has not been eliminated, the remaining arc through the arc initiation mechanism will produce an induced current, which will trigger the action of the arc extinguishing gas pill, producing high-speed high-pressure gas acting on the remaining arc, using the inherent self-extinguishing characteristics of arc plasma convection, radiation and heat conduction to quickly extinguish the arc, and no reignition occurs.

[0019] The principle structure of the present patent is different from the structure and principle of the prior art "angular lightning arrester (patent application number CN200810178607.3)" in the following aspects:

[0020] 1) There is no time lag effect in arc extinguishing. Since the angular lightning arrester sprays arc gas by lightning flashover, this process requires the conductivity of the metal components or ion components of the plasma gas produced by melting, vaporization, etc. These components are in a floating state in the air, reducing the insulation capacity of the air and easily causing arc displacement, and spraying arc gas at the arc displacement, thereby breaking the arc. Obviously, in the process of arc flashover - melting, vaporization of conductive materials - spraying arc gas, there is a time lag effect, that is, the energy of the angular lightning arrester sprayed arc gas is less than the energy of the lightning flashover arc. The narrow tube filling effect proposed in the present patent fully utilizes the elastic deformation of arc plasma, and when the arc plasma enters the entrance of the recoil tube, the physical shape changes first, from thick arc to extremely thin arc, the radial pressure turns into axial pressure, and due to the narrow tube recoil effect, the spraying speed increases when the arc recoils.

[0021] 2) High arc extinguishing threshold. Since the arc extinguishing cylinder and gas generating device of the angular lightning arrester are made of polyamide resin (also known as nylon), which can withstand a temperature of about 500°C, which is much lower than the arc burning temperature (up to 3726.85°C). Therefore, the arc extinguishing cylinder and gas generating device are easily affected by high temperature, which eventually leads to bursting. The present patent proposes to use high-strength, high-temperature-resistant, and high-pressure-resistant non-conductive materials, such as alloy ceramics, rare earth ceramics, graphene-ceramic composite materials, organic ceramics, synthetic silicone rubber, organic insulating materials, alloy glass, rare earth glass, graphene glass, and organic glass, combined with new materials

[0022] 3) There is no high-temperature baking gas production mode. Since the corner lightning arrester is used to blow off the arc by spraying arc jet, and blow off the arc in the gap. Among them, the spraying arc jet needs high-temperature baking gas production, which seriously causes the loss of gas production material and significantly reduces the service life of the device. The patent proposes the plasma narrow tube perfusion effect: the radial displacement of the arc into the recoil tube becomes axial expansion by using the flowability of arc plasma; the pressure, temperature and density superposition effects of the coming arc and the outgoing arc make the pressure in the recoil module multiply rapidly, destroy the subsequent energy of the arc, and block the continuity of the arc. Therefore, there is no high-temperature baking gas production mode, which ensures the material loss of the patent and long service life.

[0023] The application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The recoil gas flow formed by the recoil effect of the recoil tube weakens the arc energy, and the compressed multi-breakpoint truncation effect further weakens the arc energy, even extinguishes the arc; if there is still residual arc, it can be completely destroyed by the solid-phase gas arc-extinguishing effect. Due to the recoil effect and compression effect, the difficulty of solid-phase gas arc-extinguishing is greatly reduced, so that the arc is easily extinguished and will not reignite.

[0025] 2. The recoil tube of the application uses lightning energy itself to extinguish the arc, and does not depend on the size of the power frequency energy, and has self-adaptive ability.

[0026] 3. The horizontal blowing effect of the three-way pipe can compress the lightning energy itself, realize multi-point horizontal blowing truncation, and has fast performance without depending on the size of the power frequency energy.

[0027] 4. The recoil tube and the compression pipe of the application use lightning energy itself to extinguish the arc, form an internal and external energy double synergistic effect, can extinguish higher arc energy, and ensure that the arc will not reignite. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a front view of the three-way pipe of the application.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a top view of the three-way pipe of the application with the vertical pipe opening facing outward.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a top view of the three-way pipe of the application with the vertical pipe opening facing inward.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the inverted-horn-shaped recoil tube containing a metal ring of the application.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the horn-shaped recoil tube containing a metal ring according to the present invention.

[0034] The serial numbers and corresponding names in the diagram are as follows:

[0035] 1-Rogowski coil, 2-Arc ignition rod, 3-Lightning electrode I, 5-T-connector, 7-Arc extinguishing cylinder body, 8-Lightning electrode II, 9-Recoil tube, 10-Electric wire, 11-Gas generator, 12-Air jet orifice, 13-Metal ring, 51-Metal electrode, 52-Vertical nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a solid-phase airflow lightning protection arc-extinguishing cylinder with recoil arc extinguishing includes an arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7 with a closed top; the top of the arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7 is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively provided with an arc-initiating mechanism and a gas generator 11 with built-in arc-extinguishing gas pellets; the inner side wall of the arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7 is provided with a recoil pipe 9 and an arc-extinguishing channel composed of several T-pipes 5; the recoil pipe 9 is fixedly installed in the lower part of the arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7, and the top of the recoil pipe 9 is provided with a lightning electrode II 8, making the internal space of the recoil pipe 9 a semi-enclosed space with a downward opening; the arc-extinguishing channel composed of several T-pipes 5 is arranged in a spiral shape in the upper part of the arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7, and the uppermost T-pipe is connected to the arc-initiating mechanism, and the lowermost T-pipe is connected to the lightning electrode II 8.

[0039] The arc-starting mechanism includes a lightning electrode I3, an arc-starting rod 2, and a Rogowski coil 1; the lightning electrode I3 is located at the bottom of the arc-starting rod 2 and is fixedly installed on the first through hole at the top of the arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7; the Rogowski coil 1 is sleeved on the arc-starting rod 2; the Rogowski coil 1 is connected to the gas generator 11 through a wire 10; the lightning electrode I3 is connected to the three-way pipe located at the top.

[0040] The internal shape of the recoil tube 9 is cylindrical. The lightning electrode I3 and lightning electrode II8 are semi-elliptical in shape. The arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7 is cylindrical.

[0041] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, an airflow injection hole 12 is provided on the side wall of the arc-extinguishing cylinder body 7 corresponding to the vertical opening 52 of each three-way pipe, and the vertical opening 52 of the three-way pipe is inserted into the airflow injection hole 12. Metal electrodes 51 are respectively provided at both ends of the three-way pipe 5.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as shown in the figure, the shape of the inside of the backflush pipe 9 is in the form of an inverted horn. Figure 5

[0044] The backflush pipe 9 is provided with a metal ring 13 and a boss; the metal ring 13 is arranged on the boss.

[0045] This embodiment sets the shape of the backflush pipe 9 in the form of an inverted horn, which is equivalent to designing a stepped limiting wall in the backflush pipe, and can make full use of the arc entering the backflush pipe to act on the arc outside the backflush pipe. The metal ring arranged in the backflush pipe can ensure that the arc can enter the backflush pipe according to the predetermined path to realize the backflush effect by using the conductivity of the metal; in addition, a plurality of metal rings can be arranged at intervals according to the different lengths of the backflush pipe.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as shown in the figure, the shape of the inside of the backflush pipe 9 is in the form of a horn. Figure 6

[0048] The backflush pipe 9 is provided with a metal ring 13 and a boss; the metal ring 13 is arranged on the boss.

[0049] This embodiment sets the shape of the backflush pipe 9 in the form of a horn, which is designed to form a larger temperature difference and pressure difference between the inside and outside, and can form a better backflush effect for the arc with stronger energy.

[0050] Embodiment 4

[0051] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as shown in the figure, the vertical pipe opening 52 of the three-way pipe 5 can be directed towards the inside of the arc extinguishing cylinder main body 7, and the arc extinguishing effect of the three-way pipe 5 can also be realized. Figure 4

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for the purpose of clear illustration of the present application, and are not a limitation on the implementation. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to exhaust all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.​​​

Claims

1. A solid-phase gas-flow lightning protection arc-extinguishing cylinder with backflash arc extinguishing, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing cylinder body (7) is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole at the top; the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively provided with an arc striking mechanism and a gas generator (11) with built-in arc extinguishing gas pills; the inner side wall of the arc extinguishing cylinder body (7) is provided with a backflush pipe (9) and an arc extinguishing channel composed of a plurality of three-way pipes (5); the backflush pipe (9) is fixedly installed at the lower part of the arc extinguishing cylinder body (7), and the top of the backflush pipe (9) is provided with a lightning electrode II (8), so that the internal space of the backflush pipe (9) is a downwardly open semi-closed space; the arc extinguishing channel composed of a plurality of three-way pipes (5) is spirally arranged at the upper part of the arc extinguishing cylinder body (7), and the three-way pipe at the uppermost end is connected with the arc striking mechanism, and the three-way pipe at the lowermost end is connected with the lightning electrode II (8). The vertical pipe opening (52) of the three-way pipe is inserted into the airflow injection hole (12) corresponding to the vertical pipe opening (52) of each three-way pipe on the side wall of the arc extinguishing cylinder body (7).

2. The gas flow lightning protection arc-extinguishing solid-phase arc-quenching cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc striking mechanism comprises a lightning electrode I (3), an arc striking rod (2) and a Rogowski coil (1); the lightning electrode I (3) is arranged at the bottom of the arc striking rod (2) and is fixedly installed on the first through hole at the top of the arc extinguishing cylinder body (7); the Rogowski coil (1) is sleeved on the arc striking rod (2); the Rogowski coil (1) is connected with the gas generator (11) through an electric wire (10); and the lightning electrode I (3) is connected with the three-way pipe at the uppermost end.

3. The gas flow lightning protection arc-extinguishing solid-phase arc-quenching cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the three-way pipe (5) are respectively provided with metal electrodes (51).

4. The gas flow lightning protection arc chute according to claim 1, wherein: The backflush pipe (9) is provided with a metal ring (13) and a boss; the metal ring (13) is arranged on the boss.

5. The gas flow lightning protection arc chute according to claim 1, wherein: The inner shape of the backflush pipe (9) is a straight cylinder, a trumpet or an inverted trumpet.

6. The gas flow lightning protection arc chute with backflash arc extinguishing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lightning electrode I (3) and the lightning electrode II (8) are semicircular or circular in shape.

7. The gas flow lightning protection arc chute according to claim 1, wherein: The arc extinguishing cylinder body (7) is a straight cylinder.

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