Vehicle Antenna

Abstract

The present application provides a vehicle-mounted antenna, which includes a shark fin shell and an antenna device arranged inside the shark fin shell, the antenna device includes a first mainboard, a first 5G antenna to a fourth 5G antenna, the first mainboard has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, a third side and a fourth side opposite to each other, and a first connecting line connecting the third side and the fourth side; the first 5G antenna to the fourth 5G antenna are arranged in sequence along the first connecting line on the upper surface of the first mainboard, the first 5G antenna is close to the fourth side, and the fourth 5G antenna is close to the third side; the first 5G antenna is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the first connecting line; the second 5G antenna to the fourth 5G antenna are located in a first plane that is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the upper surface of the first mainboard and coincides or approximately coincides with the first connecting line. The larger space at the end of the shark fin is cleverly utilized, the internal space of the shell is effectively utilized, the isolation between the antennas is increased, the structure is compact, and the overall layout is more reasonable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a vehicle-mounted antenna. Background Art

[0002] Antenna is a device used to transmit or receive radio waves. It is widely used in broadcasting and television, point-to-point radio communication, radar and space exploration systems. Car antenna is an antenna system installed on the car. Traditional car antennas include braid antennas and short rod antennas. The shark fin car antenna developed in recent years is popular among consumers and manufacturers for its simple and stylish appearance.

[0003] However, the existing shark fin type vehicle-mounted antenna is limited by its volume and has an unreasonable internal layout, which can easily cause some radiation interference and mutual interference between antennas, thereby affecting the performance of the antenna. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle-mounted antenna to solve the problem that the shark fin antenna in the prior art has an unreasonable layout.

[0005] The purpose of this application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a vehicle-mounted antenna, comprising a shark fin shell and an antenna device arranged inside the shark fin shell, the antenna device comprising a first mainboard and a first 5G antenna to a fourth 5G antenna, wherein: the first mainboard has a first side and a second side relative to each other, a third side and a fourth side relative to each other, and a first connecting line connecting the third side and the fourth side; the first 5G antenna to the fourth 5G antenna are sequentially arranged along the first connecting line on the upper surface of the first mainboard, the first 5G antenna is close to the fourth side, and the fourth 5G antenna is close to the third side; the first 5G antenna is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the first connecting line; the second 5G antenna to the fourth 5G antenna are located in a first plane that is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the upper surface of the first mainboard and coincides or approximately coincides with the first connecting line. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the four 5G antennas are arranged in sequence along the first connecting line of the first mainboard, the first 5G antenna is arranged perpendicular to the first connecting line, and the other three 5G antennas are arranged in the first plane, so that the placement of the first 5G antenna cleverly utilizes the larger space at the end of the shark fin, and the other three 5G antennas are arranged in sequence along the top curve of the shark fin to effectively utilize the internal space of the shell. This layout increases the isolation between the antennas, has a compact structure, and the overall layout is more reasonable.

[0007] In some optional implementations, the first 5G antenna and the second 5G antenna are full-band antennas, and the third 5G antenna and the fourth 5G antenna are compatible with the 4G band. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that two full-band 5G antennas are used to enable it to simultaneously receive radio waves in the 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G bands, and two 4G-compatible 5G antennas are used to enable it to simultaneously receive radio waves in the 4G and 5G bands. This choice is the result of repeated demonstration and practice by the inventor. The inventor found in the design and application that the shark fin antenna can accommodate at most two full-band 5G antennas without significantly increasing the volume. If two 4G-compatible 5G antennas are designed as three full-band 5G antennas or four full-band 5G antennas, the isolation between the antennas cannot be guaranteed, which in turn affects the antenna performance.

[0008] In some optional implementations, the first 5G antenna and / or the second 5G antenna includes a substrate and a low-frequency radiation part, a high-frequency radiation part, a feeding part and a grounding part arranged on the substrate, wherein: the low-frequency radiation part includes a first low-frequency radiation arm and a second low-frequency radiation arm, and the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm form a first opening; the high-frequency radiation part includes a high-frequency radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation arm, and the high-frequency radiation unit has relative upper and lower sides, relative left and right sides, the upper side of the high-frequency radiation unit extends into the first opening, the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit is connected to the feeding part, the right side of the high-frequency radiation unit is connected to the grounding part, and the high-frequency radiation arm is connected to the first low-frequency radiation arm; the feeding part is used to be connected to a feeding source; the grounding part is grounded through the grounding surface of the substrate. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the low-frequency radiating portion is designed to be in the shape of an opening to reduce the length of the low-frequency radiating portion, and the high-frequency radiating unit is arranged to extend into the opening to reduce the space occupied by the high-frequency radiating portion in its own length direction, thereby making the antenna structure more compact while ensuring isolation and making full use of the substrate space.

[0009] In some optional implementations, the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm form a first opening that expands outwards. In order to ensure the isolation between the high-frequency radiation unit and the two low-frequency radiation arms, a certain distance needs to be maintained between the high-frequency radiation unit and the two low-frequency radiation arms. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that, compared with the U-shaped opening, the design of the outward-expanding opening allows a larger space between the two low-frequency radiation arms, so that the high-frequency radiation unit can have a larger size, thereby allowing the high-frequency radiation unit to receive radio waves in a lower frequency band and have a wider operating frequency band.

[0010] In some optional implementations, the low-frequency radiation portion further includes a third low-frequency radiation arm disposed between the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm and connected to the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm respectively, and the third low-frequency radiation arm is provided with a first recessed portion with a recessed direction toward the ground plane. The resonant frequency of the third low-frequency radiation arm can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the length of the third low-frequency radiation arm. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that by increasing the length of the third low-frequency radiation arm, it can receive radio waves in a lower frequency band and has a wider operating frequency band.

[0011] In some optional implementations, the first recess has a bottom surface parallel to the ground plane, and two side surfaces perpendicular to and opposite to the bottom surface. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the process is simple and easy to implement.

[0012] In some optional implementations, the high-frequency radiation arm is provided with a convex portion which is approximately parallel to the first low-frequency radiation arm and protrudes away from the ground plane. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that resonance is generated in the high-frequency radiation arm, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation arm.

[0013] In some optional implementations, the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit has a connection point with the feed-in portion, and the connection point is close to the ground plane; the contour of the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit has a tendency to move away from the ground plane when extending from the connection point to the surrounding. If the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit is designed to be parallel to the ground plane, the high-frequency radiation unit is very close to the ground, which has a great impact on the impedance. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the high-frequency radiation unit is designed to be away from the ground plane when extending from the connection point to the surrounding, thereby increasing the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit and the ground and reducing the impact on the impedance.

[0014] In some optional implementations, a portion of the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit close to the ground portion is provided with a second recessed portion that is recessed away from the ground plane. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the resonant frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit is adjusted to change the impedance accordingly, thereby achieving impedance matching.

[0015] In some optional implementations, the right side of the high-frequency radiation unit and the ground portion form a second opening that is approximately U-shaped and away from the ground plane. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the coupling capacitance is increased or decreased by controlling the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit, the ground portion and the ground, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the impedance of the antenna.

[0016] In some optional implementations, the grounding portion forms a third opening that is approximately U-shaped and close to the grounding surface. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the antenna impedance can be conveniently adjusted by controlling the length of the grounding portion.

[0017] In some optional implementations, the portion of the grounding portion away from the ground plane has a larger width than the portion close to the ground plane. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that by controlling the width of the grounding portion, the size of the distributed parallel inductance can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the antenna impedance.

[0018] In some optional implementations, the antenna device further includes a first C-V2X antenna and a second C-V2X antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane; the first C-V2X antenna is close to the first side and the third side of the first mainboard, and the second C-V2X antenna is close to the second side and the fourth side of the first mainboard. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that two C-V2X antennas are provided to connect the vehicle to other vehicles and external devices, and the two C-V2X antennas are respectively provided at two diagonal positions adjacent to the first mainboard to increase the distance between the two, thereby ensuring the isolation between the two C-V2X antennas.

[0019] In some optional implementations, the antenna device further includes a GNSS antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard, and the GNSS antenna is located between the second 5G antenna and the third 5G antenna. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that a GNSS antenna is provided to provide positioning services, and the GNSS antenna is disposed between the two 5G antennas, so that the space between the two 5G antennas is effectively utilized, and the antenna structure is made more compact.

[0020] In some optional implementations, the antenna device further includes a first WiFi antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane, the first WiFi antenna being located between the first 5G antenna and the third 5G antenna and close to the first side of the first mainboard. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that a WiFi antenna is provided to provide wireless network communication services.

[0021] In some optional implementations, the antenna device further includes an RKE antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane, the RKE antenna is located between the first WiFi antenna and the first 5G antenna, and the RKE antenna is close to the first side and the fourth side. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the RKE antenna is provided to provide a remote door switch service, and the RKE antenna is disposed between the first WiFi antenna and the first 5G antenna to make the antenna device structure more compact.

[0022] In some optional implementations, the antenna device further includes an RKE antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane, and the RKE antenna is close to the first side edge and the fourth side edge. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the RKE antenna is provided to provide a remote door switch service.

[0023] In some optional implementations, the antenna device further includes an AM / FM / DAB antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and located within the first plane, and the AM / FM / DAB antenna is located between the first 5G antenna and the second 5G antenna. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that an AM / FM / DAB antenna is provided to provide analog signal broadcasting and digital signal broadcasting services, and the AM / FM / DAB antenna is disposed between the two 5G antennas to make the antenna device structure more compact.

[0024] In some optional implementations, the vehicle-mounted antenna also includes a second mainboard disposed below the first mainboard; the second mainboard has a second connection line parallel to the first connection line, and the second mainboard also has a left side edge and a right side edge located on both sides of the second connection line; the vehicle-mounted antenna also includes a fifth 5G antenna and / or a second WiFi antenna disposed on the upper surface of the second mainboard and parallel to the first plane; the fifth 5G antenna is close to the left side edge, and the second WiFi antenna is close to the right side edge. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the fifth 5G antenna is provided to provide a backup cellular mobile communication service, and the second WiFi antenna is provided to provide a backup wireless network communication service.

[0025] In some optional implementations, the second mainboard also has a front side and a rear side relative to each other; the vehicle-mounted antenna also includes a first RF connector and a second RF connector located between the first mainboard and the second mainboard; the first RF connector is close to the second connection line and close to the front side, and the second RF connector is close to the second connection line and close to the rear side. The beneficial effect of this technical solution is that the RF connector is placed close to the front side and the rear side respectively, so that it connects multiple antennas near the front side and the rear side, and transmits the radio wave signals received or sent by the above antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram showing the right side of a high-frequency radiation unit of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram showing a grounding portion of an antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the isolation test results between a first 5G antenna and a second 5G antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted antenna, which includes a shark fin housing 300 and an antenna device disposed inside the shark fin housing 300. The shark fin housing 300 has a simple and fashionable appearance and is well-liked by consumers and manufacturers. The embodiment of the present application is developed around a vehicle-mounted antenna in the shape of a shark fin.

[0036] The antenna device includes a first mainboard 100, a first 5G antenna 101 to a fourth 5G antenna 104. The first mainboard 100 has a first side 111 and a second side 112 relative to each other, a third side 113 and a fourth side 114 relative to each other, and a first connecting line 115 connecting the third side 113 and the fourth side 114. The first mainboard 100 preferably has a regular shape, and the first connecting line 115 is preferably the central axis of the first mainboard 100. The first mainboard 100 is a PCB board, and the PCB is a printed circuit board, which is also called a printed circuit board. It is a support body for electronic components and a carrier for electrical connection of electronic components. The shape of the first mainboard 100 is, for example, a long strip, and the end where the third side 113 is located is narrower, and the end where the fourth side 114 is located is wider. The outer contour of the first mainboard 100 at the third side 113 can be an arc, and can be a semicircle in a specific implementation.

[0037] The first 5G antenna 101 to the fourth 5G antenna 104 are sequentially arranged along the first connecting line 115 on the upper surface of the first mainboard 100, the first 5G antenna 101 is close to the fourth side 114, and the fourth 5G antenna 104 is close to the third side 113. Among them, the first 5G antenna 101 is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the first connecting line 115; the second 5G antenna 102 to the fourth 5G antenna 104 are located in a first plane that is perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to the upper surface of the first mainboard 100 and coincides or approximately coincides with the first connecting line 115. The plane where the first 5G antenna 101 is located is perpendicular to the first plane. The heights of the first 5G antenna 101 to the fourth 5G antenna 104 are reduced in sequence due to the top curve of the shark fin housing 300.

[0038] The four 5G antennas are arranged in sequence along the first connecting line 115 of the first mainboard 100. The first 5G antenna 101 is arranged to be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the first connecting line 115, and the other three 5G antennas are arranged in or approximately in the first plane, so that the placement of the first 5G antenna 101 cleverly utilizes the larger space at the end of the shark fin, and the other three 5G antennas are arranged in sequence along the top curve of the shark fin to effectively utilize the internal space of the shell. This layout increases the isolation between the antennas, has a compact structure, and a more reasonable overall layout.

[0039] In some optional implementations, two full-band 5G antennas are used to enable simultaneous reception of radio waves in the 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G bands, and two 4G-compatible 5G antennas are used to enable simultaneous reception of radio waves in the 4G and 5G bands. Specifically, the first 5G antenna 101 and the second 5G antenna 102 can be full-band antennas, and the third 5G antenna 103 and the fourth 5G antenna 104 can be compatible with the 4G band. This choice is the result of repeated demonstration and practice by the inventor. The inventor found in design and application that the shark fin antenna can accommodate at most two full-band 5G antennas without significantly increasing its volume. If two 4G-compatible 5G antennas are designed as three full-band 5G antennas or four full-band 5G antennas, the isolation between the antennas cannot be guaranteed, which in turn affects the antenna performance.

[0040] The first 5G antenna 101 and / or the second 5G antenna 102 may be a multi-band antenna using the following antenna structure. Figures 3 to 6, an embodiment of the present application also provides an antenna structure, the antenna structure includes a substrate 50 and a low-frequency radiation part 10, a high-frequency radiation part 20, a feeding part 30 and a grounding part 40 arranged on the substrate 50. The feeding part 30 is used to connect to the feeding source. The grounding part 40 is grounded through the grounding surface 51 of the substrate 50. Among them, the shape of the substrate 50 of this embodiment is formed by splicing a rectangle and a trapezoid. In other embodiments, the shape of the substrate 50 can also be a triangle, a rectangle, a triangle without at least one vertex, a rectangle without at least one vertex, or other shapes. The working frequency band of the low-frequency radiation part 10 is, for example, at least one of the 4G, 3G, and 2G frequency bands, and the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation part 20 is, for example, the 5G frequency band. The antenna structure can be a multi-band antenna or a full-band antenna.

[0041] See also Figure 4 The low-frequency radiation part 10 includes a first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and a second low-frequency radiation arm 12. The low-frequency radiation part 10 may also include a third low-frequency radiation arm 13 arranged between the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 and connecting the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 respectively.

[0042] The first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 form a first opening 61. The shapes of the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 are, for example, long strips, and the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 extends in a direction close to the ground plane 51 and in a direction away from the first low-frequency radiation arm 11. The second low-frequency radiation arm 12 has a free end 121, and the profile of the free end 121 is, for example, a straight line, a broken line, or an arc. Taking the extension direction of the ground plane from left to right as the first direction, the angle formed by the extension direction of the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 from left to right and the first direction may be an acute angle, and the angle formed by the extension direction of the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 from bottom to top and the first direction may be an obtuse angle.

[0043] The low-frequency radiation part 10 is designed to be in the shape of an opening to reduce the length of the low-frequency radiation part 10. In order to ensure the isolation between the high-frequency radiation unit 21 and the two low-frequency radiation arms, a certain distance needs to be maintained between the high-frequency radiation unit 21 and the two low-frequency radiation arms 11 and 12. In some optional implementations, the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 can form an outwardly expanded first opening 61. Compared with a U-shaped opening and openings of other shapes, the design of the outwardly expanded opening allows a larger space between the two low-frequency radiation arms 11 and 12, which can accommodate a larger high-frequency radiation unit 21, thereby allowing the high-frequency radiation unit 21 to receive radio waves in a lower frequency band and have a wider operating frequency band.

[0044] Continue to see Figure 4, the third low-frequency radiation arm 13 may be provided with a first recessed portion 131 with the recessed direction facing the ground plane 51. The resonant frequency of the third low-frequency radiation arm 13 may be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the length of the third low-frequency radiation arm 13, thereby increasing the length of the third low-frequency radiation arm 13 so that it can receive radio waves in a lower frequency band and have a wider working frequency band. In a specific implementation, the first recessed portion 131 may have a bottom surface parallel to the ground plane 51, and two side surfaces respectively perpendicular to the bottom surface and arranged oppositely. Compared with a serrated or curved plane, such a structure has a simple manufacturing process and is easy to implement.

[0045] In practical applications, the portion of the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 connected to the third low-frequency radiation arm 13 may have a side surface parallel to the side surface of the first recess 131; the portion of the second low-frequency radiation arm 12 connected to the third low-frequency radiation arm 13 may have a side surface parallel to the side surface of the first recess 131. Thus, the two low-frequency radiation arms can have a suitable size to receive low-frequency radio waves.

[0046] Continue to see Figure 4 The high-frequency radiation part 20 includes a high-frequency radiation unit 21 and a high-frequency radiation arm 22 .

[0047] The high-frequency radiation unit 21 has an upper side and a lower side relative to each other, and a left side and a right side relative to each other. The upper side 211 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 extends into the first opening 61, the lower side 212 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 is connected to the feeding portion 30, and the right side 213 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 is connected to the grounding portion 40. The high-frequency radiation unit 21 is configured to extend into the opening to reduce the space occupied by the high-frequency radiation portion 20 in its own length direction, thereby making the antenna structure more compact while ensuring isolation and making full use of the space of the substrate 50.

[0048] The high-frequency radiation unit 21 is, for example, a shape in which the upper side 211 is narrower and the lower side 212 is wider, the projection of the outline of the left side 214 on the plane of the figure is, for example, a straight line, and the projection of the outline of the right side 213 on the plane of the figure is, for example, a broken line. Figure 5 The outline of the right side 213 includes, for example, a first line segment 2131 to a fourth line segment 2134 connected in sequence, and the angles a1 to a4 formed by the extending direction from top to bottom of the first line segment 2131 to the fourth line segment 2134 and the first direction gradually increase, wherein the angles a1 to a3 formed by the extending direction from top to bottom of the first line segment 2131 to the third line segment 2133 and the first direction may be acute angles, and the angle a4 formed by the extending direction from top to bottom of the fourth line segment 2134 and the first direction may be an obtuse angle. Thus, the high-frequency radiation unit 21 has a suitable size to receive wireless high-frequency waves.

[0049] If the lower side 212 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 is designed to be parallel to the ground plane 51, the high-frequency radiation unit 21 is very close to the ground, which has a great impact on the impedance. In some optional implementations, the high-frequency radiation unit 21 can be designed to be away from the ground plane 51 when extending from the connection point to the surrounding area, thereby increasing the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit 21 and the ground and reducing the impact on the impedance. Figure 4 The lower side 212 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 may have a connection point with the feeding part 30, and the connection point is close to the ground plane 51; the contour of the lower side 212 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 has a tendency to move away from the ground plane 51 when extending from the connection point to the surrounding area.

[0050] In some optional implementations, the portion of the lower side 212 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 close to the grounding portion 40 may be provided with a second recessed portion 2121 which is recessed away from the grounding surface 51. In a specific implementation, the profile of the second recessed portion 2121 may be a broken line or an arc. By providing the second recessed portion 2121, the resonant frequency of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 may be adjusted, so that the impedance changes accordingly, and impedance matching is achieved.

[0051] Continue to see Figure 4 , the high-frequency radiation arm 22 is connected to the first low-frequency radiation arm 11, wherein the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 has an upper end and a lower end opposite to each other, the upper end of the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 is connected to the third low-frequency radiation arm 13, and the lower end of the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 is connected to the high-frequency radiation arm 22. In some optional implementations, the high-frequency radiation arm 22 may be provided with a convex portion 221 which is approximately parallel to the first low-frequency radiation arm 11 and protrudes away from the ground plane 51, and the convex portion 221 is provided at the connection between the high-frequency radiation arm 22 and the first low-frequency radiation arm 11. By providing the convex portion 221, resonance may be generated in the high-frequency radiation arm 22, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the working frequency band of the high-frequency radiation arm 22. In a specific implementation, the convex portion 221 may be close to the left side 214 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21, and the high-frequency radiation arm 22, the convex portion 221 and the left side 214 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 may form an approximately W-shaped profile. The protrusion 221 may also have a top surface that is approximately parallel to the ground plane 51 .

[0052] In some optional implementations, the right side 213 of the high-frequency radiation unit 21 and the grounding portion 40 may form a second opening 62 that is approximately U-shaped and away from the grounding surface 51, and the coupling capacitance may be increased or decreased by controlling the distance between the high-frequency radiation unit 21, the grounding portion 40 and the ground, so as to adjust the impedance of the antenna. Figure 6, the ground portion may include first antenna segment 41 to fifth antenna segment 45, the angles b1-b3 formed by the extending direction of first antenna segment 41 to third antenna segment 43 from top to bottom and the first direction gradually decrease, fourth antenna segment 44 may be parallel to or approximately parallel to ground plane 51, and fifth antenna segment 45 may be perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to ground plane 51. In practical applications, the angles b1-b3 formed by the extending direction of first antenna segment 41 to third antenna segment 43 from top to bottom and the first direction may be obtuse angles.

[0053] In some optional implementations, see Figure 6 The grounding portion 40 may form a third opening 63 that is approximately U-shaped and faces the grounding surface 51, and the antenna impedance may be conveniently adjusted by controlling the length of the grounding portion 40. In a specific implementation, the fourth antenna segment 44 may have a greater width than the first antenna segment 41 to the third antenna segment 43 and the fifth antenna segment 45, and the size of the distributed parallel inductance may be adjusted by controlling the width of the grounding portion 40, thereby adjusting the antenna impedance.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first 5G antenna 101 and the second 5G antenna 102 are both full-band antennas. The network analyzer is used to test the samples of the first 5G antenna 101 and the second 5G antenna 102. The isolation diagram between the two is as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown. It can be seen that within the full frequency band, the isolation between the first 5G antenna 101 and the second 5G antenna 102 is greater than 11dB. In the figure: Tr2 refers to track 2; S12 refers to the reverse transmission channel; Log Mag refers to the Y-axis displaying the amplitude in logarithmic form and the X-axis displaying the frequency; Ref refers to the reference amplitude; Start is the starting frequency; Stop is the stop frequency; IFBW is the intermediate frequency bandwidth, which refers to the bandwidth of the intermediate frequency filter inside the network analyzer receiver. The isolation between other antennas will be higher due to the difference in frequency bands. Figure 7 The isolation effect between the first 5G antenna 101 and the second 5G antenna 102 is better.

[0055] In some optional implementations, see Figure 2, the antenna device can be provided with two C-V2X antennas to connect the vehicle to other vehicles and external devices. Specifically, the antenna device can also include a first C-V2X antenna 105 and a second C-V2X antenna 106 arranged on the upper surface of the first mainboard 100 and parallel to the first plane; the first C-V2X antenna 105 is close to the first side 111 and the third side 113 of the first mainboard 100, and the second C-V2X antenna 106 is close to the second side 112 and the fourth side 114 of the first mainboard 100. By respectively arranging the two C-V2X antennas at two diagonal positions adjacent to the first mainboard 100, the distance between the two is increased, thereby ensuring the isolation between the two C-V2X antennas.

[0056] In some optional implementations, a GNSS antenna 107 may be provided to provide positioning services. Specifically, the antenna device may further include a GNSS antenna 107 disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard 100, and the GNSS antenna 107 is located between the second 5G antenna 102 and the third 5G antenna 103. The GNSS antenna 107 is disposed between the two 5G antennas to effectively utilize the free space between the two 5G antennas and make the antenna structure more compact. Among them, the GNSS antenna 107 may be a dual-frequency antenna, and the operating frequency band of the GNSS antenna 107 covers the GPS band, the Beidou band, the Glonass band, and the Galileo L1 and L2 bands.

[0057] In some optional implementations, a WiFi antenna may be provided to provide wireless network communication services. Specifically, the antenna device may further include a first WiFi antenna 108 disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard 100 and parallel to the first plane, the first WiFi antenna 108 being located between the first 5G antenna 101 and the third 5G antenna 103 and close to the first side 111 of the first mainboard 100. In a specific implementation, an RKE antenna 109 may also be provided to provide remote control door switch services. Specifically, the RKE antenna 109 is disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard 100 and parallel to the first plane, the RKE antenna 109 is located between the first WiFi antenna 108 and the first 5G antenna 101, and the RKE antenna 109 is close to the first side 111 and the fourth side 114. The arrangement of the RKE antenna 109 makes the antenna device structure more compact.

[0058] In some optional implementations, the antenna device may also include an AM / FM / DAB antenna 110 disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard 100 and located in the first plane, the AM / FM / DAB antenna 110 being used to provide analog signal broadcasting and digital signal broadcasting services, and the AM / FM / DAB antenna 110 being located between the first 5G antenna 101 and the second 5G antenna 102, rationally utilizing the spare space to make the antenna device structure more compact.

[0059] In some optional implementations, the vehicle-mounted antenna may also include a second mainboard 200 disposed below the first mainboard 100; the second mainboard 200 has a second line parallel to the first line 115, the second line may be the central axis of the second mainboard 200, and the second mainboard 200 also has a left side and a right side located on both sides of the second line; the vehicle-mounted antenna also includes a fifth 5G antenna (not shown in the figure) and / or a second WiFi antenna (not shown in the figure) disposed on the upper surface of the second mainboard 200 and parallel to the first plane; the fifth 5G antenna is close to the left side of the second mainboard 200, and the second WiFi antenna is close to the right side of the second mainboard 200. By setting the fifth 5G antenna, a backup cellular mobile communication service can be provided, and by setting the second WiFi antenna, a backup wireless network communication service can be provided. Among them, the second mainboard 200 is also a PCB board, and the shape of the second mainboard 200 may be a rectangle. The shape of the second mainboard 200 and the first mainboard 100 may be the same, similar or different. In a specific implementation, it may be a rounded rectangle or a rectangle with at least one vertex removed.

[0060] In some optional implementations, the second mainboard 200 may also have a front side and a rear side relative to each other, and the second connection line connects the front side and the rear side of the second mainboard 200; the vehicle-mounted antenna also includes a first RF connector 401 and a second RF connector 402 located between the first mainboard 100 and the second mainboard 200; the first RF connector 401 is close to the second connection line and close to the front side of the second mainboard 200, and the second RF connector 402 is close to the second connection line and close to the rear side of the second mainboard 200. The RF connectors are respectively close to the front side and the rear side, so that they connect to multiple antennas near the front side and the rear side, and the radio wave signals received or sent by the above antennas can be transmitted. Among them, the first RF connector 401 and the second RF connector 402 can both be part of a six-in-one RF connector, and each six-in-one RF connector can have six output terminals 403, which can connect 6 antennas and output the radio wave signals received by the antennas through the output terminals 403.

[0061] This application is explained from the perspectives of purpose of use, effectiveness, progress and novelty. The practical progress it has is in line with the functional enhancement and usage requirements emphasized by the Patent Law. The above description and drawings of this application are only the preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Therefore, all structures, devices, features, etc. that are similar or identical to those of this application, that is, all equivalent replacements or modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of this application, should fall within the scope of protection of the patent application of this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted antenna, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted antenna includes a shark fin housing and an antenna device arranged inside the shark fin housing, and the antenna device includes a first mainboard and first to fourth 5G antennas, wherein: The first main board has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, a third side and a fourth side opposite to each other, and a first connecting line connecting the third side and the fourth side; The first 5G antenna to the fourth 5G antenna are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the first mainboard along the first connecting line, the first 5G antenna is close to the fourth side, and the fourth 5G antenna is close to the third side; The first 5G antenna is perpendicular to the first connecting line; The second 5G antenna to the fourth 5G antenna are located in a first plane that is perpendicular to the upper surface of the first mainboard and coincides with the first connecting line; The first 5G antenna and the second 5G antenna are full-band antennas, and the third 5G antenna and the fourth 5G antenna are compatible with the 4G frequency band; The first 5G antenna and / or the second 5G antenna comprises a substrate and a low-frequency radiation portion, a high-frequency radiation portion, a feeding portion and a grounding portion arranged on the substrate, wherein: The low-frequency radiation portion comprises a first low-frequency radiation arm and a second low-frequency radiation arm, wherein the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm form a first opening; The high-frequency radiation part includes a high-frequency radiation unit and a high-frequency radiation arm, the high-frequency radiation unit has an upper side and a lower side opposite to each other, and a left side and a right side opposite to each other, the upper side of the high-frequency radiation unit extends into the first opening, the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit is connected to the feeding part, the right side of the high-frequency radiation unit is connected to the grounding part, and the high-frequency radiation arm is connected to the first low-frequency radiation arm; The feeding portion is used to be connected to a feeding source; The grounding portion is grounded through a grounding surface of the substrate; The antenna device further comprises: A first C-V2X antenna and a second C-V2X antenna are arranged on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane, the first C-V2X antenna is close to the first side and the third side of the first mainboard, and the second C-V2X antenna is close to the second side and the fourth side of the first mainboard.

2. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency radiation part further includes a third low-frequency radiation arm disposed between the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm and respectively connecting the first low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency radiation arm, and the third low-frequency radiation arm is provided with a first recessed portion facing the ground plane.

3. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency radiation arm is provided with a convex portion which is approximately parallel to the first low-frequency radiation arm and protrudes away from the ground plane.

4. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A portion of the lower side of the high-frequency radiation unit close to the grounding portion is provided with a second recessed portion which is recessed away from the grounding surface.

5. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the high-frequency radiation unit and the grounding portion form a second opening that is approximately U-shaped and far away from the grounding surface.

6. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna device further comprises: a GNSS antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard, wherein the GNSS antenna is located between the second 5G antenna and the third 5G antenna; A first WiFi antenna is disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane, wherein the first WiFi antenna is located between the first 5G antenna and the third 5G antenna and close to a first side edge of the first mainboard; An RKE antenna disposed on the upper surface of the first mainboard and parallel to the first plane, the RKE antenna being located between the first WiFi antenna and the first 5G antenna, and the RKE antenna being close to the first side edge and the fourth side edge; An AM / FM / DAB antenna is arranged on the upper surface of the first mainboard and located in the first plane, and the AM / FM / DAB antenna is located between the first 5G antenna and the second 5G antenna.

7. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted antenna also includes a second main board arranged below the first main board; The second main board has a second connection line parallel to the first connection line, and the second main board also has a left side and a right side located on both sides of the second connection line; The vehicle-mounted antenna further includes a fifth 5G antenna and / or a second WiFi antenna disposed on the upper surface of the second mainboard and parallel to the first plane; The fifth 5G antenna is close to the left side, and the second WiFi antenna is close to the right side.

8. The vehicle-mounted antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second main board also has opposite front and rear sides; The vehicle-mounted antenna further includes a first RF connector and a second RF connector located between the first mainboard and the second mainboard; The first RF connector is close to the second connection line and the front side, and the second RF connector is close to the second connection line and the rear side.

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