Integrated equipment and process for removing oil and salt from kitchen waste

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated equipment for deoiling and desalting kitchen waste, which includes a first solid-liquid separation device, a dispersion spraying device, an ultrasonic treatment device and a second solid-liquid separation device. A deoiling and desalting process is also disclosed. The present invention first uses the first solid-liquid separation device to perform solid-liquid separation, and most of the salt and oil enter the liquid and are removed, achieving the purpose of preliminary desalting and deoiling; the organic matter obtained by solid-liquid separation will have local agglomeration and lumps, which are dispersed, and the dispersed agglomerated particles after dispersion can fully contact with the washing liquid to preliminarily dissolve the salt and oil wrapped in the organic matter; the dispersed agglomerated organic matter is then subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the ultrasonic wave can further break the dispersed agglomerated organic matter, the salt wrapped by the microparticles can be fully dissolved in the liquid, and the oil is emulsified and partially dissolved, so that the salt and oil are fully dissolved in the liquid, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out to remove the filtrate, thus achieving the effect of desalting and deoiling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment equipment, and particularly to an integrated equipment and process for desalting and deoiling kitchen waste. Background Art

[0002] Kitchen waste is characterized by high moisture content, organic matter, salt content, and oil content. If directly landfilled, it will have disadvantages such as occupying land resources, generating leachate, and slow degradation rate; if incinerated, due to high humidity, low calorific value, and complex composition, it will increase energy consumption, and the generated polluting gases such as dioxins need secondary treatment. The fertilizer resource utilization of kitchen waste has multiple beneficial effects on environmental protection, economy, and society. However, its high salt content (2% - 5%) and oil content will reduce the fermentation efficiency. If directly entering the soil, it will cause pollution such as salinization and clogging of soil capillary pores, severely restricting its fertilizer resource utilization. The salt content of kitchen waste needs to be below 0.3% to avoid salinization pollution.

[0003] However, the existing desalting and deoiling in reaction kettles have high energy consumption due to steam heating, large floor area due to no front-end extrusion dehydration, high investment cost, and poor effect due to uneven stirring. Therefore, the desalting and deoiling technology of kitchen waste urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an integrated equipment for desalting and deoiling kitchen waste, which can solve the above defects in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An integrated equipment for desalting and deoiling kitchen waste, comprising: a first solid-liquid separation device for performing preliminary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste that has completed preliminary sorting and removing the filtrate; a dispersing and spraying device arranged at the rear end of the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device disperses the organic matter obtained after preliminary solid-liquid separation and performs spraying and rinsing, so that the organic matter is divided into scattered agglomerate particles, and the salt and oil wrapped by the organic matter are preliminarily dissolved; an ultrasonic treatment device arranged at the rear end of the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device shatters the scattered agglomerate particles of organic matter by generating ultrasonic waves, and further dissolves the salt and oil wrapped by the fine particles; a second solid-liquid separation device arranged at the rear end of the ultrasonic treatment device, and the second solid-liquid separation device performs solid-liquid separation on the mixture processed by the ultrasonic treatment device and removes the liquid, thereby achieving the effect of desalting and deoiling.

[0007] Kitchen waste has a high water content. If water is directly added to the kitchen waste for stirring treatment, the entire equipment will be huge in size, occupy a large area, consume a large amount of water and electricity, and it is difficult to remove the salts and oil wrapped by organic matter, resulting in poor oil and salt removal effects. Therefore, the applicant has improved the existing equipment. The original kitchen waste has a water content of 60-80%. Most of the salts and oil exist in the water. First, a first solid-liquid separation device is used for solid-liquid separation. Most (about 80%) of the salts and oil enter the liquid and are removed from the solid waste, achieving the purpose of preliminary desalination and deoiling. Moreover, after solid-liquid separation, the total amount of solid waste is greatly reduced, and the amount of water added and heating energy consumption can be reduced during the subsequent leaching and ultrasonic treatment processes.

[0008] The organic matter obtained by the treatment of the first solid-liquid separation device will have local caking and agglomeration, and the salts and oil are wrapped therein. A dispersing and spraying device is used to disperse the agglomerated organic matter. The dispersed and granulated organic matter after dispersion can fully contact with water, and preliminarily dissolve the salts and oil wrapped in the solid organic matter. The dispersed and granulated organic matter and the leaching solution after dispersing and spraying enter the ultrasonic treatment device for ultrasonic treatment. Ultrasonic waves can further break the dispersed and granulated organic matter, and the salts wrapped by microparticles can be fully dissolved in the liquid. The cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves can emulsify and partially dissolve the oil, so that the salts and oil are fully dissolved in the liquid. The second solid-liquid separation device then performs solid-liquid separation on the mixture after ultrasonic treatment to remove the filtrate, thereby achieving the effect of desalination and deoiling.

[0009] Preferably, the dispersing and spraying device includes a spraying chamber. The outlet end of the first solid-liquid separation device is connected to the inlet end of the spraying chamber. A dispersing device and a spraying device are arranged in the spraying chamber. The organic matter obtained by preliminary solid-liquid separation is dispersed by the dispersing device and washed by the liquid sprayed by the spraying device. The organic matter discharged from the outlet end of the first solid-liquid separation device enters the spraying chamber, is dispersed into dispersed and granulated organic matter by the dispersing device, and the spraying device sprays the leaching solution to wash the dispersed and granulated organic matter, preliminarily dissolving the salts and oil wrapped in the organic matter.

[0010] Preferably, the spraying device is arranged at a predetermined position below the dispersing device, and the outlet of the spraying device faces the dispersing device. The direction of the leaching solution is opposite to the falling direction of the organic matter, which can increase the contact area between the leaching solution and the organic matter and improve the dissolution effect of salts and oil.

[0011] Preferably, the spraying chamber is a structure with openings at both the top and the bottom. The organic matter and the leaching solution fall due to their own gravity. The spraying chamber further includes an anti-backflow device, which is arranged at a predetermined position above the dispersing device. The anti-backflow device can prevent the organic matter treated by the dispersing device and the leaching device from escaping from the upper part of the spraying chamber, improving the treatment effect.

[0012] Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment device includes a mixing chamber, and the feed inlet of the mixing chamber is connected to the outlet of the dispersing and spraying device; an ultrasonic generating device and a stirring device are arranged in the mixing chamber, and the ultrasonic generating device is distributed on the inner wall of the mixing chamber and the stirring device. The organic matter and the leaching solution treated in the spraying chamber fall into the mixing chamber due to their own gravity. The ultrasonic generating device generates ultrasonic waves from the inner wall of the mixing chamber and inside the mixture respectively, which can improve the ultrasonic effect, and the stirring device simultaneously plays the roles of stirring and dispersing as well as vibrating.

[0013] Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment device further includes a heating device, which is arranged in the interlayer of the stirring device and the mixing chamber. Wherein, the heating device includes a heating rod and a heating medium, and the heating device is arranged in the interlayer of the mixing chamber and can wrap the mixture. The stirring device is a hollow spiral ribbon, and a heating device is arranged inside it. The stirring device can heat from the inside of the mixture, improving the heating effect.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device and the second solid-liquid separation device respectively. The control unit controls the start and stop of the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device and the second solid-liquid separation device respectively according to the magnitude of the received electrical signal. The control unit is divided into an automatic mode and a manual mode. In the automatic mode, when the control switch of the control unit is turned on, the control unit controls the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device and the second solid-liquid separation device to start respectively. When the switch is turned off, the control unit controls the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device and the second solid-liquid separation device to stop respectively.

[0015] Wherein, an electric gate valve is arranged at the discharge port of the ultrasonic treatment device, and the electric gate valve is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit judges the opening or closing of the electric gate valve according to the electrical signal fed back by the electric gate valve, and controls the stop and start of the first solid-liquid separation device and the dispersing and spraying device. That is, when the electric gate valve is opened, it is in the unloading state, and the first solid-liquid separation device and the dispersing and spraying device are stopped to prevent the organic matter from entering the mixing chamber and affecting the effect of oil removal and desalting; when the electric gate valve is closed, the first solid-liquid separation device and the dispersing and spraying device are opened for normal treatment.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a salinity detection device disposed inside the ultrasonic treatment device; the control unit is electrically connected to the salinity detection device, and the control unit adjusts the spraying amount of the rinsing liquid in the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic time, the stirring time, and the heating temperature of the ultrasonic treatment device according to the information fed back by the salinity detection device to achieve a predetermined desalting effect. The salinity detection device feeds back an electrical signal, and the control unit can judge the desalting rate and the salt content according to the received electrical signal. When the desalting rate or the salt content is lower than the preset value, the control unit controls to increase the amount of the rinsing liquid, the ultrasonic time, the stirring time, and the heating temperature to improve the desalting effect.

[0017] The present invention also discloses a process for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste, comprising the steps:

[0018] S1. The kitchen waste after preliminary sorting is subjected to preliminary solid-liquid separation to remove the filtrate and obtain organic matter.

[0019] S2. The obtained organic matter is subjected to a dispersing treatment, and the dispersed organic matter is rinsed to dissolve the salt and oil wrapped in the organic matter.

[0020] S3. The dispersed and rinsed organic matter and the rinsing liquid are subjected to ultrasonic treatment. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, the organic matter is broken, so that the salt and oil inside the particles are further dissolved.

[0021] S4. The mixture obtained after ultrasonic treatment is subjected to a second solid-liquid separation to remove the liquid, thereby achieving the effect of degreasing and desalting.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the temperature of the rinsing liquid is not lower than 40 °C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is not lower than 50 °C, and the ultrasonic time is not less than 10 minutes; further, the temperature of the rinsing liquid is 40-70 °C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is 60-100 °C, and the ultrasonic time is not less than 10 minutes; further preferably, the temperature of the rinsing liquid is 50-70 °C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is 70-90 °C.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] First, for the integrated equipment and process for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste of the present invention, the first step of solid-liquid separation can reduce the salt content to less than 1.5%. After being treated by the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device, and the second solid-liquid separation device, the secondary desalting can achieve a salt content of less than 0.3% with low energy consumption, and the oil content is removed to less than 2%, meeting the national standard requirements for fertilizer resource utilization.

[0025] Second, due to the solid-liquid separation treatment of the first solid-liquid separation device, the filtrate in the food waste is removed, reducing the volume of the food waste. As a result, a large amount of water is not required for subsequent spray treatment and ultrasonic treatment. Due to the dispersion effect of the dispersion device, the rinsing effect of the spray device, and the stirring and ultrasonic effects of the ultrasonic treatment device at the back end, the contact area between salts, oil, and water is increased, and the desalination and deoiling efficiency is improved. Therefore, the ultrasonic treatment device does not require too high a temperature. The heating temperature of the mixing chamber only needs to be between 70-90°C, and the heating time in the mixing chamber lasts about 20 minutes. Compared with the 120°C-160°C steam heating commonly used in the prior art, with a heating duration of 2-3 hours and heat preservation for 0.5-1 hour, energy consumption can be greatly saved. In addition, the rinsing liquid in the spray chamber can reach 45°C after being heated by solar energy or air energy, and the temperature difference between the spray chamber and the mixing chamber is only 25-45°C, further reducing energy consumption.

[0026] Third, compared with the prior art, in the ultrasonic treatment device of the present invention, through ultrasonic treatment, organic waste particles can be broken, and the salts wrapped by the particles can be fully dissolved in water. The cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves can emulsify and partially dissolve the oil, and the salts and oil can fully enter the water body. Then, through extrusion solid-liquid separation, the desalination and deoiling rates can be greatly improved, and the remaining salt can be about 0.15%.

[0027] Fourth, in the hollow shaft with a shaft in the mixing chamber of the present invention, a heating medium and heating rods are provided, and heat is transferred to the mixture through a liquid medium. The outer wall of the mixing chamber is also heated. In this way, with the combined action of the inside and outside, the mixture can be heated more evenly. The stirring device in the mixing chamber simultaneously plays the roles of stirring and dispersing, heating, and ultrasonic treatment, improving the effect of oil removal and salt removal of the ultrasonic treatment device.

[0028] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to simultaneously achieve all the above-mentioned advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first solid-liquid separation device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the dispersion and spray device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the ultrasonic treatment device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second solid-liquid separation device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: first solid-liquid separation device 1; dispersing and spraying device 2; ultrasonic treatment device 3; second solid-liquid separation device 4; feeding extrusion motor 11; feeding extrusion speed reducer 12; feeding extrusion coupling 13; feeding extrusion bearing 14; extrusion chambers 10, 40; feeding ports 101, 301; discharging ports 102, 302; filtrate outlet 103; filter 15; spraying chamber 20; dispersing device 21; spraying device 22; anti-backflow device 23; breaking motor 211; breaking head 212; spraying head 221; first heating device 222; spraying pump 223; mixing chamber 30; stirring device 31; ultrasonic generating device 32; salinity detection device 33; temperature detection device 34; second heating device 35; heat preservation layer 36; electric gate valve 303; mixing chamber motor 311; mixing chamber speed reducer 312; mixing chamber coupling 313; hollow shaft with shaft 314; ultrasonic paddle 321; ultrasonic device 322; ultrasonic circuit unit 323; discharging motor 41; discharging speed reducer 42; control unit 50. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0037] As used in this specification, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural objects unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used in this specification, the term "or" is generally used in the sense of including "and / or" unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. In actual applications, the improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] This embodiment provides an integrated equipment for deoiling and desalting kitchen waste. Refer to Figures 1 - 5 , wherein, the integrated equipment includes: a first solid-liquid separation device 1, a dispersion spraying device 2, an ultrasonic treatment device 3 and a second solid-liquid separation device 4; the first solid-liquid separation device 1 performs preliminary solid-liquid separation on the kitchen waste that has completed preliminary sorting; the dispersion spraying device 2 is arranged at the rear end of the first solid-liquid separation device 1, and the dispersion spraying device 2 disperses and sprays and washes the organic matter obtained after preliminary solid-liquid separation, so that the organic matter is divided into loose agglomerate particles, and the salts and oils wrapped in the organic matter are preliminarily dissolved; the ultrasonic treatment device 3 is arranged at the rear end of the dispersion spraying device 2, and the ultrasonic treatment device 3 generates ultrasonic waves to shatter the organic matter divided into loose agglomerate particles, and further dissolves the salts and oils; the second solid-liquid separation device 4 is arranged at the rear end of the ultrasonic treatment device, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4 performs solid-liquid separation on the mixture processed by the ultrasonic treatment device, and removes the filtrate, so as to achieve the effect of deoiling and desalting.

[0041] The original kitchen waste itself has a water content of 60-80%, and most of the salts and oils are present in the water. Existing deoiling and desalting equipment directly washes the kitchen waste to deoil and desalt. Due to the large volume of kitchen waste, it is difficult to separate the salts and oils wrapped in the organic matter by direct washing, and the equipment occupies a large area and consumes huge amounts of resources such as water and electricity. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first solid-liquid separation device 1 is first used for extrusion and solid-liquid separation, and most (about 80%) of the salts and oils enter the liquid and are removed from the solid waste, achieving the purpose of preliminary desalting and deoiling. Furthermore, after the solid-liquid separation is carried out first, the total amount of solid waste is greatly reduced, and the amount of water added and heating energy consumption can be reduced in the next leaching and ultrasonic treatment processes. The organic matter obtained by the treatment of the first solid-liquid separation device 1 will have local caking and agglomeration, and the salts and oils are wrapped in it. The dispersion spraying device 2 is used to disperse the agglomerated organic matter. The dispersed agglomerate particles of the organic matter after dispersion can fully contact with water, and the salts and oils wrapped in the solid organic matter are preliminarily dissolved. The dispersed agglomerate particles of the organic matter and the liquid after the dispersion spraying of the dispersion spraying device 2 enter the ultrasonic treatment device 3. The ultrasonic waves can break the dispersed agglomerate particles of the organic matter, and the salts wrapped by the microparticles can be fully dissolved in the liquid. The cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves can emulsify and partially dissolve the grease, and the salts and oils are fully dissolved in the liquid. The second solid-liquid separation device 4 then performs solid-liquid separation on the mixture after ultrasonic treatment, so as to achieve the effect of desalting and deoiling.

[0042] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , the first solid-liquid separation device 1 is a screw extruder, which specifically includes a feed extrusion motor 11, a feed extrusion speed reducer 12, a feed extrusion coupling 13, a feed extrusion bearing 14, and an extrusion chamber 10. The extrusion chamber 10 includes a feed inlet 101, a discharge outlet 102, and a filtrate outlet 103. Kitchen waste is fed from the feed inlet 101 at the top, and the extruded organic matter is discharged from the discharge outlet 102 to the subsequent dispersion and spraying device 2 at the rear end. The extruded filtrate is discharged from the filtrate outlet 103 to the sewage treatment system. A filter 15 is provided in the extrusion chamber 10. The filter 15 is provided at the filtrate outlet 103. The filter 15 is selected as a mesh filter plate, which is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle and can be cleaned online. The feed extrusion motor 11 can be selected as a three-phase asynchronous AC motor. The cage type has the characteristics of economy, durability, reliability, easy maintenance, and variable-frequency smooth speed regulation, which is suitable for the power requirements of this embodiment. The feed extrusion speed reducer 12 can be selected as a two-stage cylindrical gear type. The helical gear has the advantages of compact structure, stable transmission, small impact, vibration, and noise, which is suitable for this embodiment. The feed extrusion coupling 13 can be selected as a roller chain type, which has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, reliable operation, long service life, convenient installation and disassembly, and has a small amount of performance for compensating the relative offset of the two shafts. The feed extrusion bearing 14 can be selected as a single-row angular contact ball bearing, and its characteristic of simultaneously bearing radial and axial loads is suitable for the requirements of this embodiment. The extrusion chamber 15 adopts screw extrusion, and the discharge gap of the extrusion chamber 15 can be manually adjusted. The distance adjustment adopts a screw drive mode. The extrusion chamber housing, the shaft, and other structures in contact with the material can be made of ferritic stainless steel or duplex stainless steel with both ferritic and austenitic phases, which can resist the corrosion of organic acids, chloride ions, etc.

[0043] Refer to Figure 3 , the dispersion and spraying device 2 includes a spraying chamber 20. The discharge outlet 103 of the first solid-liquid separation device 1 is connected to the inlet end of the spraying chamber 20. A dispersion device 21 and a spraying device 22 are provided in the spraying chamber 20. The lumpy organic matter obtained by preliminary solid-liquid separation is dispersed by the dispersion device 21 into loose pellet-shaped organic matter, increasing the contact area with the leaching liquid, which helps to be leached by the leaching liquid sprayed by the spraying device 22, and preliminarily dissolves the salts and oils wrapped in the organic matter.

[0044] In this embodiment, the eluent is water. The dispersing device 21 specifically includes a crushing motor 211 and a crushing head 212. The crushing motor 211 can be of the direct connection type with a cycloidal pinwheel speed reducer. The crushing head 212 can be a small double plow knife symmetrically arranged on the shaft and connected to the crushing motor 211 through a coupling. The material of the crushing head 212 is stainless steel. The spraying device 22 includes a spray head 221, a first heating device 222, and a spray pump 223. The spray head 221 is connected to the outlet end of the spray pump 223, and the inlet end of the spray pump 223 is connected to the outlet end of the first heating device 222. The spray head 221 is of the type with adjustable water column of 1 - 3 mm and high pressure resistance, passes through the spray chamber wall through rubber sealing, and the material is stainless steel. The first heating device 222 is a water heater, and the water heater can be a solar water heater or an air source heat pump water heater for energy conservation. The spray pump 223 is a small centrifugal pump. The spray pump 223 pumps the hot water heated by the first heating device 222 to the spray head 221 for spraying to wash the dispersed organic matter.

[0045] The first heating device 222 heats the eluent to 50 - 70 °C, and the water - solid ratio is (1 - 2):1. The water heater can set the water temperature of the sprayed water. Of course, in other alternative embodiments, a cosolvent that helps dissolve salts and oil can also be added to the washing water. The specific models of the crushing motor 211, the crushing head 212, the spray head 221, the first heating device 222, and the spray pump 223 can be selected according to actual process requirements and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] In this embodiment, the spray chamber 20 is in a drum - like shape with a large middle and tapered ends. The dispersing device 21 is arranged in a manner perpendicular to the direction in which the organic matter falls. The dispersing device 21 is set at a predetermined position in the upper middle part. At a predetermined position below the dispersing device 21, and the outlet of the spray head 221 is arranged facing the dispersing device 21. The spray head 221 is fixed on the inner wall of the spray chamber 20, covering the perimeter of the outlet end of the spray chamber 20, and sprays at an angle of 360 degrees obliquely upward. The micropores of the spray head 221 are made of an elastic organic material with good resilience, which opens when there is pressurized water and closes when the spraying stops, effectively preventing blockage. The solid waste and water freely fall into the spray chamber 20 by gravity, are dispersed by the dispersing device 21, and are washed by the eluent sprayed by the spraying device 22.

[0047] Further, an anti-backflow device 23 is also included in the spray chamber 20. The anti-backflow device 23 is arranged at a predetermined position above the dispersing device 21. Among them, the anti-backflow device 23 is an anti-backflow inclined plate installed at the upper end of the spray chamber 20. The anti-backflow inclined plate is arranged in a downward-sloping manner to prevent the high-speed rotation of the dispersing device 21 and the high-pressure washing liquid sprayed by the spray head 221 from escaping from the upper end of the spray chamber 20. The anti-backflow device 23 is detachably fixed at the entrance of the spray chamber 20 and fixed by bolts. The material is stainless steel. After the anti-backflow device 23 is disassembled, it can be taken out for cleaning and maintenance.

[0048] Further, referring to Figure 4 , the ultrasonic treatment device 3 includes a mixing chamber 30. The outlet end of the dispersing and spraying device 2 is connected to the inlet end of the mixing chamber 30. A stirring device 31 and an ultrasonic generating device 32 are arranged in the mixing chamber 30. The agglomerated organic matter after being treated by the dispersing and spraying device 2 enters the mixing chamber 30 for stirring and ultrasonic treatment. The agglomerated organic matter and the washing liquid after being dispersed fall into the mixing chamber 30 under their own gravity. The ultrasonic wave can further break the agglomerated organic matter. The stirring device 31 plays a role in mixing, enabling the organic matter everywhere in the mixing chamber 30 to be effectively treated and further promoting the rapid dissolution of salts and oil.

[0049] The stirring device 31 includes a mixing chamber motor 311, a mixing chamber reducer 312, a mixing chamber coupling 313, and a hollow shaft with a belt 314. The output end of the mixing chamber motor 311 is connected to the mixing chamber reducer 312. The output end of the mixing chamber reducer 312 is connected to the hollow shaft with a belt 314 through the mixing chamber coupling 313. The hollow shaft with a belt 314 is a hollow straight shaft welded with a hollow bent spiral belt, with a heating rod inside and filled with dielectric oil. The material is 304 stainless steel. The hollow shaft with a belt 314 heats the mixture from the inside of the mixing chamber 30 to improve the heating effect. The extending direction of the hollow shaft with a belt 314 is perpendicular to the dropping direction of the organic matter, and can play a role in dispersing and stirring the agglomerated organic matter. The mixing chamber motor 311 can be selected as a three-phase asynchronous AC motor, which has a soft wound-rotor mechanical characteristic, a large starting torque, and a high power factor at startup, and is suitable for this embodiment. The mixing chamber reducer 312 can be selected as a straight-tooth hourglass worm type, and the mixing chamber coupling 313 is selected as a tire type, which has the characteristics of compensating the relative offset of the two shafts, good vibration damping, buffering, electrical insulation performance, long service life, no need for lubrication, and convenient installation and disassembly.

[0050] The ultrasonic generating device 32 includes a plurality of ultrasonic blades 321, a plurality of ultrasonic devices 322 and an ultrasonic circuit unit 323, wherein the ultrasonic blades 321 and the ultrasonic devices 322 are connected to the ultrasonic circuit unit 323 respectively. The ultrasonic blades 321 are solid steel blades, and the ultrasonic vibrator is bolted on the blades. The ultrasonic blades 321 are vertically fixed on the hollow belt shaft 314, and the ultrasonic blades 321 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the hollow belt shaft 314, and a plurality of ultrasonic blades 321 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stirring device, and the ultrasonic blades 321 play the role of vibration and stirring at the same time. A plurality of ultrasonic devices 322 are embedded in the top and side of the mixing chamber 30, and are evenly distributed. The ultrasonic devices 322 are composed of a stainless steel sheet wrapped with a vibrator. The ultrasonic circuit unit 323 uses a separately excited oscillation circuit structure, which increases the output power by more than 10% compared with the self-excited oscillation circuit structure. The ultrasonic amplification circuit adopts a linear amplification circuit and a switching power supply circuit, and uses a sinusoidal signal, and the frequency is adjustable between 20-60KHZ.

[0051] In this embodiment, the mixing chamber 30 is a structure with a straight upper portion, a feed port 301, and a side portion that is stepped by an inclined plate to a cylindrical arc shape. The bottom of the mixing chamber 30 is a cylindrical arc shape, and a discharge port 302 is provided at the bottom. An electric gate valve 303 is provided at the discharge port 302, and unloading is performed when the electric gate valve 303 is opened. The entire wall surface of the mixing chamber 30 is divided into an inner and outer layer, and the interlayer is filled with heat transfer medium oil, and a second heating device 35 is built in. The second heating device 35 is a heating rod made of 304 stainless steel. The second heating device 35 heats the medium oil, and the mixture in the mixing chamber 30 is heated by the hot medium oil. The outer wall of the mixing chamber 30 is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer 36, which plays a role in heat preservation. The thermal insulation layer is made of asbestos products.

[0052] See also Figure 5 The second solid-liquid separation device 4 includes a discharge motor 41, a discharge reducer 42, and an extrusion chamber 40. The specific structure of the second solid-liquid separation device 4 is similar to that of the first solid-liquid separation device 1. The mixture discharged from the mixing chamber 30 enters the second solid-liquid separation device 4 from the feed port 101, the solid residue obtained by solid-liquid separation is discharged from the discharge port 102 for the next fermentation, and the filtrate obtained by solid-liquid separation is discharged from the filtrate outlet 103 to enter the sewage treatment system for treatment. A filter 15 is provided at the filtrate outlet 103.

[0053] For further information, see Figure 1, the above integrated device further includes a control unit 50, which is electrically connected to the first solid-liquid separation device 1, the dispersion spraying device 2, the ultrasonic treatment device 3, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4 respectively. The control unit 50 controls the start and stop of the first solid-liquid separation device 1, the dispersion spraying device 2, the ultrasonic treatment device 3, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4 respectively according to the magnitude of the received electrical signal. The control unit 50 is divided into an automatic mode and a manual mode. In the automatic mode, when the control switch is turned on, the control unit 50 controls the first solid-liquid separation device 1, the dispersion spraying device 2, the ultrasonic treatment device 3, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4 to start. Conversely, it controls the first solid-liquid separation device 1, the dispersion spraying device 2, the ultrasonic treatment device 3, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4 to shut down.

[0054] Among them, the control unit 50 is electrically connected to the electric gate valve 303. When the electric gate valve 303 of the ultrasonic treatment device 3 is opened or closed, an electrical signal will be sent to the control unit 50. The control unit 50 controls the first solid-liquid separation device 1 and the dispersion spraying device 2 to shut down or start according to the magnitude of the received electrical signal. When the electric gate valve 303 is opened for discharging, the control unit 50 controls the first solid-liquid separation device 1 and the dispersion spraying device 2 to shut down. Conversely, it controls the first solid-liquid separation device 1 and the dispersion spraying device 2 to start.

[0055] Furthermore, a salinity detection device 33 and a temperature detection device 34 are also provided in the mixing chamber 30, which are respectively used to detect the salinity and temperature of the mixture in the mixing chamber. The control unit 50 is electrically connected to the salinity detection device 33 and the temperature detection device 34 respectively. Among them, the control unit 50 includes a PLC controller. The salinity detection device 33 is a salinity detector, which is arranged at the discharge port 302 of the mixing chamber 30 to detect the conductivity of the mixture at the discharge port 302 and output a 4-20 mA signal to the PLC controller for calculating the desalination rate. The temperature detection device 34 is a thermometer. When the desalination rate is lower than the preset value, the salinity detection device 33 feeds back an electrical signal to the control unit 50, and the control unit 50 controls to increase the water spraying amount of the spraying chamber 20, extend the working duration of the ultrasonic generating device 32 and the stirring device 31, and control the second heating device 35 to heat up.

[0056] The control unit 50 is internally provided with electrical control components such as contactors, intermediate relays, PLC controllers, and display screens. It is the start-stop and parameter setting center of the above first solid-liquid separation device 1, dispersion spraying device 2, ultrasonic treatment device 3, and second solid-liquid separation device 4. The PLC controller has a built-in program, and the display screen displays the operating status and data, and can be operated by touch screen. The PLC automatically controls the operation of all power devices under the sensing feedback signal and time setting.

[0057] The working process of the integrated device for deoiling and desalting kitchen waste in this embodiment is as follows:

[0058] S1. The food waste that has completed preliminary sorting undergoes preliminary solid-liquid separation in the first solid-liquid separation device 1, and the filtrate is removed. Most (about 80%) of the salt and oil enter the filtrate and are removed, achieving the purpose of preliminary desalination and deoiling.

[0059] S2. After preliminary solid-liquid separation, the solid organic matter obtained may have local caking and agglomeration phenomena. The solid organic matter enters the mixing chamber 20, and the agglomerated organic matter is broken up by the dispersing device 21 above. The spray head 221 sprays high-pressure leaching liquid to leach the dispersed granulated organic matter, preliminarily dissolving the salt and oil wrapped in the solid organic matter.

[0060] S3. The dispersed granulated organic matter and the leaching liquid in the mixing chamber 30 fall into the mixing chamber 30 under the action of their own gravity. The stirring device 31 and the ultrasonic generating device 32 work to stir and ultrasonically process the mixture, further crushing the dispersed granulated organic matter and further dissolving the salt and oil wrapped inside the microparticles.

[0061] S4. The mixture that has been processed in the mixing chamber 30 enters the second solid-liquid separation device 4 for solid-liquid separation, and the filtrate is removed, thereby achieving the effect of desalination and deoiling.

[0062] Among them, in step S2, the temperature of the leaching liquid is not lower than 40°C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is not lower than 50°C, and the ultrasonic time is not less than 10 minutes; further, the temperature of the leaching liquid is 40 - 70°C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is 60 - 100°C, and the ultrasonic time is not less than 10 minutes; further preferably, the temperature of the leaching liquid is 50 - 70°C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is 70 - 90°C.

[0063] The control unit 50 controls the start and stop of the first solid-liquid separation device 1, the dispersing and spraying device 2, the ultrasonic treatment device 3, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4 to achieve automatic control of the entire equipment.

[0064] For the integrated equipment for deoiling and desalting in this embodiment, the first-step solid-liquid separation can remove the salt content to below 1.5%. After being processed by the dispersing and spraying device 2, the ultrasonic treatment device 3, and the second solid-liquid separation device 4, the desalting and deoiling rates can be greatly improved. The secondary desalting can achieve a salt content of below 0.3% with low energy consumption, reaching about 0.15%, and the oil content is removed to below 2%, meeting the national standard requirements for fertilizer resource utilization. Moreover, it has the advantages of small floor area and less consumption of water resources and heat.

[0065] The above-disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe in detail all the details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can make good use of the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated equipment for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste, characterized in that, Including: A first solid-liquid separation device that performs preliminary solid-liquid separation on the food waste after preliminary sorting to remove the filtrate; A dispersing and spraying device is arranged at the rear end of the first solid-liquid separation device. The dispersing and spraying device disperses the organic matter obtained after preliminary solid-liquid separation and sprays and rinses it, so that the organic matter is divided into scattered agglomerate particles, and the salts and oil fractions wrapped in the organic matter are preliminarily dissolved. The dispersing and spraying device includes a spraying chamber, in which a dispersing device and a spraying device are arranged. The spraying chamber also includes an anti-backflow device, which is arranged at a predetermined position above the dispersing device; An ultrasonic treatment device is arranged at the rear end of the dispersing and spraying device. The ultrasonic treatment device shatters the scattered agglomerate particles of organic matter by generating ultrasonic waves to further dissolve the salts and oil fractions wrapped in the microparticles. The ultrasonic treatment device includes a mixing chamber, and the feed port of the mixing chamber is connected to the outlet of the dispersing and spraying device. An ultrasonic generating device and a stirring device are arranged in the mixing chamber, and the ultrasonic generating device is distributed on the inner wall of the mixing chamber and the stirring device. The heating temperature of the mixing chamber is 70-90°C; A second solid-liquid separation device is arranged at the rear end of the ultrasonic treatment device. The second solid-liquid separation device performs solid-liquid separation on the mixture treated by the ultrasonic treatment device to remove the filtrate, so as to achieve the effect of removing oil and salt.

2. The integrated equipment for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste according to claim 1, characterized in that The outlet end of the first solid-liquid separation device is connected to the inlet end of the spraying chamber. The organic matter obtained by preliminary solid-liquid separation is dispersed by the dispersing device and rinsed by the liquid sprayed by the spraying device.

3. The integrated equipment for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spraying device is arranged at a predetermined position below the dispersing device, and the outlet of the spraying device is arranged towards the dispersing device.

4. The integrated equipment for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein The ultrasonic treatment device further includes a heating device arranged in the interlayer of the stirring device and the mixing chamber.

5. The integrated equipment for deoiling and desalting kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that It also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device and the second solid-liquid separation device respectively. The control unit controls the start and stop of the first solid-liquid separation device, the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic treatment device and the second solid-liquid separation device respectively according to the magnitude of the received electrical signal.

6. The integrated equipment for degreasing and desalting kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, An electric gate valve is arranged at the discharge port of the ultrasonic treatment device, and the electric gate valve is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit controls the start and stop of the first solid-liquid separation device and the dispersing and spraying device according to the electrical signal fed back by the electric gate valve.

7. The integrated equipment for deoiling and desalting of kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a salinity detection device arranged in the ultrasonic treatment device. The control unit is electrically connected to the salinity detection device. The control unit adjusts the spraying amount of the rinsing liquid in the dispersing and spraying device, the ultrasonic time, the stirring time and the heating temperature of the ultrasonic treatment device according to the information fed back by the salinity detection device to achieve a predetermined desalting effect.

8. A process for removing oil and salt from kitchen waste, which is applied to the integrated equipment for removing oil and salt from kitchen waste according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Including steps: S1. Perform preliminary solid-liquid separation on the food waste after preliminary sorting, remove the filtrate, and obtain organic matter; S2. The obtained organic matter is subjected to a dispersion treatment, and the dispersed organic matter is leached to dissolve the salts and oil contained in the organic matter. S3. The dispersed and leached organic matter and the leaching solution are subjected to ultrasonic treatment. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, the organic matter is broken, and the salts and oil inside the particles are further dissolved. S4. The mixture obtained after ultrasonic treatment is subjected to a second solid-liquid separation to remove the liquid, thereby achieving the effect of removing oil and salt.

9. The degreasing and desalting process for kitchen waste according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the temperature of the leaching solution is not lower than 40 °C; in step S3, the temperature during ultrasonic treatment is not lower than 50 °C, and the ultrasonic time is not less than 10 minutes.

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