A device for assisting shield machine translation and rotation and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for assisting a shield machine in translation and rotation, comprising a plurality of auxiliary tooling, any of which comprises: an intermediate seat, a plurality of rolling parts being provided at the bottom thereof and rolling on the ground through the plurality of rolling parts; a top seat being arranged above the intermediate seat and hinged therewith; and a plurality of anti-slip plates being arranged on the top surface of the intermediate seat at vertical intervals along the outer circumference of the top seat. The present invention also discloses a construction method for a device for assisting a shield machine in translation and rotation. The present invention uses a plurality of auxiliary devices as carriers for the translation and rotation of the shield machine, and on the basis of using steel sleeves and oil cylinders to perform translation and rotation construction on the shield machine, converts traditional sliding friction into rolling friction, reduces the frictional resistance between the shield machine and the ground, improves the control accuracy of translation and rotation, and improves construction efficiency while ensuring construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shield tunnel construction, and more particularly to a device for assisting a shield machine in translation and rotation and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of urbanization and the rapid growth of urban populations, traffic congestion has been a problem that has plagued major cities. Due to its fast, safe, and environmentally friendly characteristics, shield construction has been widely used in tunnel construction in subways, highways, municipal engineering, and other fields.

[0003] The translation and rotation of a shield machine is a highly challenging and time-consuming step in the shield construction process. There are two common methods for constructing this process: The traditional method requires disassembling the shield machine and rotating it directly using a winch and large lifting equipment. This method often requires a larger workspace and site, and there are certain safety risks associated with the use of heavy shield machines. The traditional method requires installing multiple jacking cylinders around the steel sleeve to overcome the friction between the sleeve base and the baseplate. This construction process is time-consuming and difficult to control, making it difficult to meet the safety and rotation requirements of shield construction when the construction schedule is tight. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a device that assists the translation and rotation of a shield machine. This device, acting as a carrier for the translation and rotation of the shield machine, converts traditional sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the resistance to the translation and rotation of the shield machine, thereby improving construction efficiency while ensuring construction safety. The present invention also provides a method for constructing the device that assists the translation and rotation of a shield machine. Based on the use of a steel sleeve and a hydraulic cylinder to perform translation and rotation of the shield machine, an auxiliary device is added to the bottom of the steel sleeve to reduce frictional resistance, improve control accuracy, and enhance environmental adaptability.

[0005] In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, a device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine is provided, comprising a plurality of auxiliary toolings, each of which comprises:

[0006] The middle seat has a bottom with a plurality of rolling parts and rolls on the ground through the plurality of rolling parts;

[0007] a top seat, which is arranged above the middle seat and hinged thereto;

[0008] A plurality of anti-slip plates are vertically spaced apart and arranged on the top surface of the middle seat along the outer periphery of the top seat.

[0009] Preferably, the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation, the top seat includes a connecting piece, which is hinged to a hemispherical groove arranged on the top of the intermediate seat, and the connecting piece matches the shape of the groove; a platform, which is arranged above the connecting piece and fixedly connected to it.

[0010] Preferably, in the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine, the connecting member is a hemisphere, and the depth of the groove is smaller than the radius of the connecting member.

[0011] Preferably, in the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation, the middle seat is a triangular bracket composed of three legs with a common end point.

[0012] Preferably, in the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation, any rolling part includes a steel ball, which is clamped in a mounting groove provided at the bottom of the support leg and is rollingly connected to the mounting groove; a limiting ring, which is sleeved on the outside of the steel ball and fixed to the periphery of the mounting groove by bolts, and the inner diameter of any limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball.

[0013] Preferably, in the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine, the multiple anti-slip plates are three anti-slip plates, which are respectively arranged on the three legs, and the height of any anti-slip plate is greater than the height of the platform.

[0014] Preferably, the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation further includes a plurality of elastic elements, which are arranged on the side walls of the plurality of anti-slip plates close to the top seat and correspond one-to-one thereto, and any elastic element is in contact with the top seat in a free state.

[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method for a device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Cast the tunnel floor, and lay multiple steel plates on the cast floor to completely cover the floor, with any two adjacent steel plates welded with a V-groove;

[0017] Step 2: Based on the actual position of the shield machine after receiving it and the tunnel planning, design the path for the shield machine's translation and rotation and make corresponding marks in the working shaft;

[0018] Step 3: Install multiple reaction force supports on the steel plate on the side of the shield machine opposite to its travel direction, which are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the translation path and are detachably connected to the steel plate;

[0019] Step 4: Calculate the number of the auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation devices required based on the total weight of the shield machine and the steel sleeve, and install 80% of the auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation devices in the middle of the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base. The top surface of the platform of the top seat of any auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation device is welded to the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base;

[0020] Step 5. Hoist the steel sleeve base with the bottom surface facing downward from the working well and assemble the steel sleeve blocks in sequence. After the shield machine enters the steel sleeve and is received, use the PLC jacking system, jack system, support shoe plate and slope adjustment support to level the steel sleeve and shield machine. Then, install the remaining 20% ​​of the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation on both sides of the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base. The installation method is the same as in step 4.

[0021] Step 6: Install multiple jacks between the multiple reaction supports and the side walls of the steel sleeve base, and any jack is hinged to the corresponding reaction support and steel sleeve base, and use the jack to push the steel sleeve along the specified translation direction; when the jack pushing distance reaches the upper limit, remove the connection between the jack and the steel sleeve base and retract the jack cylinder, remove the multiple reaction supports and jacks and reset them along the translation direction of the steel sleeve, and use the jack to push the steel sleeve again, and repeat the above pushing process until the steel sleeve reaches the specified translation distance;

[0022] Step 7. According to the specified rotation direction and angle, change the installation positions of multiple reaction supports on the steel plate. The installation direction of any reaction support is tangent to the specified rotation contour line. Install multiple jacks between the multiple reaction supports and the steel sleeve base. Any jack is hinged to the corresponding reaction support and the steel sleeve base respectively, and use the jack to push the steel sleeve to rotate a certain angle; when the jack pushing distance reaches the upper limit, remove the connection between the jack and the steel sleeve base and retract the jack cylinder, remove the multiple reaction supports and jacks and reset them along the rotation direction of the steel sleeve, use the jack to push the steel sleeve again, and repeat the above process until the steel sleeve reaches the specified rotation angle.

[0023] Preferably, in the construction method of the device assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine, in step seven, before the shield machine performs rotation construction, multiple monitoring points are set on the steel sleeve, and during the rotation construction, multiple industrial cameras set on the top beam of the working shaft are used to monitor the moving path of the shield machine, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the visual integrated platform for judgment and early warning.

[0024] Preferably, in the construction method of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine, in step seven, the maximum angle of a single rotation of the steel sleeve promoted by a jack is 7.5°-10.5°.

[0025] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention is set between the steel sleeve and the ground, serving as a carrier to assist the shield machine in translation and rotation. It converts the sliding friction between the steel sleeve and the ground during traditional shield machine translation construction into rolling friction, greatly reducing the shield machine's translation and rotation resistance, reducing the number of required cylinder groups, reducing construction costs, and improving construction efficiency.

[0027] 2. Through the hinged structure of the top seat and the middle seat, in conjunction with the oil cylinder group, the steel sleeve can be smoothly rotated in situ at any angle within the range of 360°. The required rotation space is small and the impact on the ground and the surrounding environment is small.

[0028] 3. The overall device has a simple structure, high bearing capacity, and is easy to operate. The bearing requirements of shield machines of different specifications can be met by changing the number of the auxiliary tooling. It has a wide range of applications and high operability.

[0029] 4. During the shield machine rotation construction process, a visual integrated platform is used in conjunction with monitoring points and monitoring equipment to monitor the displacement path in real time. When the rotation route deviates from the original track, an early warning can be issued to facilitate operators to promptly identify and deal with problem points, ensuring the precision and accuracy of translation and rotation.

[0030] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front view of a device for assisting translation and rotation of a shield machine according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine in the above embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 A bottom view of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine in the above embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a construction flow chart of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine in the above embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the translation construction plan of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine in the above embodiment;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic plan view of the rotation construction of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine in the above embodiment;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation in the above embodiment;

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the reaction force backer and the jack in the above embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0040] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the terms "horizontal", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine, including a plurality of auxiliary toolings, each of which includes:

[0042] The middle seat 1 has a plurality of rolling parts at its bottom and rolls on the ground through the plurality of rolling parts;

[0043] A top seat 2 is provided above the middle seat 1 and is hinged thereto;

[0044] A plurality of anti-slip plates 3 are vertically spaced apart and arranged on the top surface of the middle seat 1 along the outer circumference of the top seat 2 .

[0045] In the above technical solution, the shield machine is housed within a steel sleeve, the base of which is connected to the upper surface of the top seat 2 of the multiple auxiliary fixtures. Driven by a hydraulic cylinder, the steel sleeve, via multiple rolling elements, moves along the ground, achieving translational movement of the shield machine. During auxiliary rotation using the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine, the hydraulic cylinder applies a circumferential thrust to the steel sleeve, causing it to rotate synchronously with the top seat 2 on the intermediate seat 1. The number of auxiliary fixtures is determined based on the size and weight of the steel sleeve and the shield machine as a whole.

[0046] The present invention serves as a carrier for the steel sleeve and is connected to the steel sleeve base. The rolling portion at the bottom converts the sliding friction between the steel sleeve and the ground during traditional steel sleeve translation construction into rolling friction. The hinged structure of the top seat at the top converts the sliding friction between the steel sleeve and the ground during steel sleeve rotation construction into sliding friction between the top seat and the middle seat. This reduces the friction coefficient during relative movement between the steel sleeve and the ground during traditional translation and rotation construction, thereby reducing the number of oil cylinder groups and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, an anti-slip plate is provided on the middle seat to effectively prevent the top seat from detaching from the middle seat due to excessive rotation when rotating on the middle seat, thereby ensuring the stability of the entire device during operation.

[0047] In another technical solution, the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine comprises a top seat 2 comprising a connector 21 hingedly connected to a hemispherical groove provided at the top of the intermediate seat 1, the connector 21 being shaped to match the groove; and a platform 22 disposed above and fixedly connected to the connector 21. In this embodiment, the platform 22 is preferably cylindrical, with its upper surface fixedly connected to the steel sleeve base. When the device is in the shield machine rotation assisting operation, the connector 21 rotates centripetally within the groove.

[0048] In another technical solution, in the device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine, the connector 21 is hemispherical, and the depth of the groove is less than the radius of the connector. The diameter of the connector 21 is equal to the diameter of the groove, and the depth of the groove is set to be less than the radius of the connector to facilitate free rotation of the connector in the groove. In actual operation, lubricating oil can be applied between the connector 21 and the groove to further reduce the friction coefficient between the connector and the groove, allowing the connector to rotate smoothly in the groove during rotation.

[0049] In another technical solution, the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine is configured such that the intermediate base 1 is a triangular support structure composed of three legs with a common endpoint. By configuring the intermediate base 1 as a triangular support structure, the stability of the overall device structure is enhanced.

[0050] In another technical solution, the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine comprises a rolling part comprising a steel ball 4, which is clamped in a mounting groove provided at the bottom of the support leg and is in rolling connection with the mounting groove; a limiting ring 5, which is sleeved on the outside of the steel ball 4 and fixed to the periphery of the mounting groove by bolts, and the inner diameter of any limiting ring 5 is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball 4. The limiting ring 5 is an annular structure, which prevents the steel ball from falling out of the mounting groove during rolling. The steel ball 4 is set in the corresponding mounting groove. By arranging multiple steel balls to roll in contact with the ground, the indirect contact area between the middle seat and the ground is increased as much as possible while reducing the friction coefficient, further ensuring the stability of the device during movement.

[0051] In another technical solution, the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine comprises three anti-slip plates 3, which are respectively arranged on the three legs, and the height of each anti-slip plate 3 is greater than the height of the platform 22. In the above technical solution, the three anti-slip plates correspond to the three legs of the middle seat, limiting the rotating top seat from three directions, which can effectively limit the rotation angle of the connecting member 21 in the groove; at the same time, the platform is allowed to tilt at a certain angle relative to the horizontal plane, facilitating the use of steel sleeves to complete the shield machine rotation operation.

[0052] In another technical solution, the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation further includes a plurality of elastic elements 6, which are arranged on the side walls of the plurality of anti-slip plates 3 close to the top seat 2 and correspond one to one therewith, and any elastic element 6 is in contact with the top seat 2 in a free state. One end of the elastic element is fixed to the side wall of the anti-slip plate, and the other end is arranged toward the center of the top seat. When the elastic element is in a free state, its free end contacts the outer wall of the platform 22, protecting the top seat and preventing it from colliding with the anti-slip plate during operation and causing damage. At the same time, it provides a reverse force for the horizontal rotation of the platform 22, making the rotation operation smoother and improving the stability of the overall device.

[0053] The present invention also provides a construction method for a device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: Cast the tunnel floor, and lay multiple steel plates 9 on the cast floor to completely cover the floor. Any two adjacent steel plates 9 are welded with V-shaped grooves.

[0055] Step 2: Based on the actual position of the shield machine after receiving it and the tunnel planning, design the path for the shield machine's translation and rotation and make corresponding marks in the working shaft;

[0056] Step 3: Install multiple reaction force supports 8 on the steel plate 9 on the side of the shield machine opposite to its travel direction, which are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the translation path and are detachably connected to the steel plate 9;

[0057] Step 4: Calculate the number of the auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation devices 10 required based on the total weight of the shield machine and the steel sleeve, and install 80% of the auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation devices 10 in the middle of the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base 71. The top surface of the platform 22 of the top seat 2 of any auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation device 10 is welded to the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base 71.

[0058] Step 5: Hoist the steel sleeve base 71 with the bottom facing downward from the working well, and assemble the steel sleeve blocks in sequence; after the shield machine enters the steel sleeve and is received, use the PLC jacking system, jack system, support shoe plate and slope adjustment support to level the steel sleeve and shield machine, and then install the remaining 20% ​​of the device 10 for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine on both sides of the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base 71. The installation method is the same as in step 4;

[0059] Step 6: Install multiple jacks 81 between the multiple reaction supports 8 and the side walls of the steel sleeve base 71, and any jack 81 is hinged to the corresponding reaction support 8 and the steel sleeve base 71, and use the jack 81 to push the steel sleeve 7 along the specified translation direction; when the pushing distance of the jack 81 reaches the upper limit, remove the connection between the jack 81 and the steel sleeve base 71 and retract the jack cylinder, remove the multiple reaction supports 8 and the jack 81 and reset them along the translation direction of the steel sleeve 7, and use the jack 81 to push the steel sleeve again, and repeat the above pushing process until the steel sleeve 7 reaches the specified translation distance;

[0060] Step seven, according to the specified rotation direction and angle, change the installation position of multiple reaction supporters 8 on the steel plate, the installation direction of any reaction supporter 8 is tangent to the specified rotation contour line, and multiple jacks 81 are installed between the multiple reaction supporters 8 and the steel sleeve base 71. Any jack 81 is hinged to the corresponding reaction supporter 8 and the steel sleeve base 71 respectively, and the jack 81 is used to push the steel sleeve 7 to rotate a certain angle; when the pushing distance of the jack 81 reaches the upper limit, remove the connection between the jack 81 and the steel sleeve base 71 and retract the jack cylinder, remove the multiple reaction supporters 8 and the jack 81 and reset them along the rotation direction of the steel sleeve 7, and use the jack 81 to push the steel sleeve 7 again, and repeat the above process until the steel sleeve reaches the specified rotation angle.

[0061] In the above technical solution, after receiving the shield machine, it enters the interior of the steel sleeve 7. Multiple devices 10 that assist the shield machine in translation and rotation are supported below the steel sleeve base 71. Thus, the steel sleeve 7 rolls on the ground via the rolling parts of the multiple devices 10 that assist the shield machine in translation and rotation, reducing the friction between the steel sleeve and the ground when the steel sleeve moves relative to the ground during translation and rotation. The top seat 2 is fixedly connected to the steel sleeve base 71 via the platform 22 on its upper portion. Since the connector 21 at the lower portion of the top seat 2 is hinged to the groove of the intermediate seat 1, the steel sleeve 7 can freely rotate within a certain range around the center of the groove via the steel sleeve base 71. Thus, when the jack 81 is used to push the steel sleeve base 71 to rotate the steel sleeve 7, on the one hand, the steel sleeve base is connected to the ground in a rolling manner through the device 10 that assists the shield machine in translation and rotation, thereby reducing the frictional resistance between the steel sleeve base and the ground; on the other hand, the steel sleeve base and the intermediate seat 1 are hinged through the connector 21 of the top seat, thereby reducing the frictional resistance between the steel sleeve base and the intermediate seat; and thus greatly reducing the force required to push the steel sleeve base to rotate. At the same time, the jack is connected to the steel sleeve base and the reaction support through a U-shaped hinge to enable the jack to smoothly push the steel sleeve to cause displacement during translation and rotation construction, thereby avoiding the frequent addition of jacking irons at different angles or changing the position of the reaction support to adapt to the changes in the pushing direction and pushing angle after the steel sleeve is displaced.

[0062] The present invention converts the sliding friction between the steel sleeve and the ground during the translation and rotation of the shield machine into rolling friction by disposing multiple devices below the steel sleeve to assist the translation and rotation of the shield machine. This allows the steel sleeve to roll on the steel plate on the bottom surface of the tunnel via the rolling portion at the bottom, thereby reducing the frictional resistance during the movement of the shield machine and improving the efficiency of the translation and rotation of the shield machine. At the same time, the base of the steel sleeve is fixedly connected to the platform of the top seat, and the top seat is free to rotate along the center of the hemispherical groove of the middle seat. During the rotation of the shield machine, the jack drives the steel sleeve base to rotate, causing relative rotation between the top seat and the middle seat, and between the middle seat and the ground, further reducing the frictional resistance during rotation and enabling the shield machine to smoothly rotate to any angle within a 360-degree range. The present invention has strong applicability. After adding devices to assist the shield machine in translation and rotation, the shield machine can be rotated in situ without the need for other large-scale construction equipment, and occupies a small construction space. At the same time, the number of devices to assist the shield machine in translation and rotation is designed according to the size of the shield machine and the steel sleeve, which can meet different translation and rotation angle requirements.

[0063] In another technical solution, in the construction method of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine, in step seven, before the shield machine performs rotation construction, multiple monitoring points 11 are set on the steel sleeve 7. During the rotation construction, multiple industrial cameras installed on the top beam of the working shaft are used to monitor the movement path of the shield machine, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the visualization integrated platform for judgment and early warning. Specifically, the steps for monitoring the rotation of the shield machine using the visualization platform are as follows:

[0064] A. Layout of measuring points and monitoring equipment

[0065] The monitoring points are arranged at the four corner points and the center position on the outer periphery of the steel sleeve 7; the monitoring equipment uses industrial cameras, which are arranged at the top crossbeams of the left and right working shafts, with a total of 4 industrial cameras. The industrial cameras can automatically transmit the collected data to the steel sleeve web monitoring visualization integrated platform for monitoring;

[0066] B. Data Input

[0067] A total station was used to collect the three-dimensional coordinates of the translation and rotation paths of the steel sleeve. All control line data was pre-entered into the steel sleeve web monitoring visualization integrated platform. The three-dimensional numerical model of the steel sleeve was imported into the web platform, and the positions of the five measuring points were marked.

[0068] C. Process Monitoring

[0069] By setting up industrial cameras around the working pit, all measuring points are displayed in the corresponding positions on the three-dimensional model in the form of icons. Combined with the plan layout of the working pit, when the measuring point data is updated according to the real-time displacement of the steel sleeve, the real-time position status of the sleeve and the measuring point will be updated on the monitoring platform; when the real-time position deviates from the expected path and exceeds the set deviation error range, the out-of-limit measuring point will be highlighted and flash, and an alarm will be sent to notify the staff.

[0070] In another technical solution, the method for constructing the device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine includes the following steps: in step 7, the maximum angle of a single rotation of the steel sleeve 7 using a jack 81 is set to 7.5°-10.5°. During shield machine rotation, the jack pushes against the steel sleeve base along the tangential direction of the steel sleeve body, causing the sleeve to rotate. However, the jack's single push distance is limited. If a long-stroke jack is used, the rotation accuracy at the maximum push distance is difficult to control, and the position of the steel sleeve after rotation is prone to deviation from its original position. If a short-stroke jack is used, when the rotation angle is large, multiple pushes are required to complete the rotation, which takes a long time and reduces construction efficiency. Therefore, to improve construction efficiency while ensuring rotation accuracy, the maximum angle of a single rotation of the steel sleeve by the jack is set to 7.5°-10.5°. That is, when the jack's single push distance reaches the upper limit, the shield machine rotates to an angle of 7.5°-10.5°.

[0071] In addition, the present invention is an improved construction scheme for the translation and rotation of the shield machine based on CN109519177A. By adding the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine on the bottom surface of the steel sleeve, the friction coefficient between the steel sleeve and the ground is reduced. Calculation and experimental data show that compared with the original scheme, the number of jacking cylinders required during the rotation of the shield machine can be reduced by half, which can meet the construction needs.

[0072] Taking the shield machine rotation construction in a specific project as an example, the specific calculation process is as follows:

[0073] The same steel sleeve and shield machine were translated and rotated. The total weight of the shield machine was 1,400t, the weight of the filling in the sleeve was 240t, the weight of the sleeve itself was 600t, and the weight of the oil cylinder was about 20t, with a total weight of 2,260t.

[0074] The original plan: The shield machine's rotation was based on a steel plate surface friction coefficient of 0.1 (a safety margin of 1.5 times was used for friction between the steel ball and the steel plate). The total cylinder thrust required for rotation was 230 tons, with the number of cylinders required determined by the overall weight of the steel sleeve and the sliding friction coefficient of the plastic base plate. Here, four 63t (20MPa) cylinders with a stroke of 1100 were selected for rotation. Each cylinder can be controlled to move forward and backward independently, and all four cylinders can also move forward and backward simultaneously. If errors occur in the coordinated movement, the error cylinders are adjusted individually.

[0075] Current plan: The shield machine rotation is based on a rolling friction coefficient of 0.05 between the steel plate surface and the steel ball (a safety margin of 1.5 times is taken for the friction between the steel ball and the steel plate). The total thrust of the cylinder required for rotation is 115 tons. Under the condition that the specifications of a single cylinder are the same as those in the original plan, only two 63t (20MPa) cylinders with a stroke of 1100 are needed for rotation to meet the total thrust requirement.

[0076] Therefore, using a device to assist the translation and rotation of the shield machine to perform translation and rotation construction can greatly reduce the number of cylinders, thereby reducing the time required for repeated disassembly and assembly of the cylinders during construction, further saving the number of people required for construction and improving construction efficiency.

[0077] Taking the shield machine rotation construction in the above-mentioned project as an example, the construction method of using the device for assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine to perform the translation and rotation of the shield machine in the present invention is as follows:

[0078] 1. Preparation for shield translation and rotation construction

[0079] 1.1 Shield rotation space and base surface preparation

[0080] The shield machine's rotational space was re-surveyed, and the floor plate elevation and flatness were measured. If necessary, the floor plate bottom surface and encroaching structures were removed. The floor plate was cast using negative tolerance control. After mortar leveling, 2000×6000×20mm steel plates were fully laid. The steel plates were welded and polished with 60° V-grooves between them. The steel plates and floor plate were connected with embedded rebar, using Φ22 steel bars embedded to a depth of at least 40cm. After welding, the steel plates were polished. The front of the shield machine and sleeve in the direction of translation and rotation must not be higher than the rear, and the surface height difference must be ≤5mm / m².

[0081] 1.2 Pipeline arrangement and equipment reinforcement in shield machine

[0082] The traction cylinder pushes the trolley in reverse to complete the separation of the shield machine and the subsequent supporting trolley. During this period, necessary arrangements are made for the mud and water pipelines, electromechanical and hydraulic pipelines, and cables. In order to reduce the rotation radius, a gantry crane is used to remove the two supporting beams behind the assembly machine.

[0083] 1.3 Translation and rotation path confirmation

[0084] Before the shield machine is pushed horizontally to the translation path, the in-situ rotation center of the shield machine is positioned. The end cover ring and the extended steel ring are removed before rotation. The rotation diameter is 19555mm. The rotation center is the intersection of the horizontal center line of the working shaft and the center line of the right tunnel. At this time, the distance to the left end wall is 2253mm, the distance between the front and rear end walls is 523mm, the distance between the hidden columns on the portal side end wall is 2197mm, and the hidden columns on the back portal side are 3256mm. Due to the concave tunnel portal, the end rotation space is slightly increased, with a spacing of 685mm; there is no deepening section in the open-cut and concealed buried section, there is no concave space at the bottom, and the space is not increased, so the rotation center can move forward 343mm, and the front and rear end space is 866mm; draw the rotation path, the green line is the steel sleeve rotation contour line, the red line is the rotation control warning line, the blue line is the line using the concave space of the tunnel portal, and the red line is the rotation control warning line. If the rotation deflects within 300mm in the direction of small mileage, no adjustment is required. If it exceeds 300mm, it is immediately adjusted in the direction of large mileage; based on the green sleeve rotation contour line and the red rotation control warning line, the steel sleeve translation path is determined and painted on the bottom plate of the working well.

[0085] 1.4 Installation of reaction support

[0086] The reaction backrest is composed of 2cm thick steel plate welded frame groove and gusset plate. The reaction frame is equipped with a frame-type jack limit slot. The jack limit slot and the reaction backrest are connected with a double U-shaped active hinge. The front push surface of the jack and the steel sleeve base are also connected with a double U-shaped active hinge to achieve smooth displacement during the rotation process.

[0087] 1.5 Auxiliary tooling installation

[0088] The number of devices assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine is calculated based on the total weight of the steel sleeve and the shield machine. In this embodiment, the total weight of the shield machine is 1400t, the weight of the filling material in the sleeve is 240t, the weight of the sleeve itself is 600t, and the oil cylinder is approximately 20t, for a total weight of 2260t. It is determined that 28-34 devices are required to assist the translation and rotation of the shield machine to meet the overall translation and rotation requirements of the steel sleeve. Considering the installation space of the steel sleeve base and the stability and safety performance of the steel sleeve, a total of 48 devices assisting the translation and rotation of the shield machine are configured.

[0089] Before the steel sleeve is assembled in the well, it is pre-turned 90 degrees and 38 devices are installed in the middle of the steel sleeve base to assist the translation and rotation of the shield machine. The rolling part of each device that assists the translation and rotation of the shield machine is a sliding steel ball group, which includes 3 Steel balls, three steel balls are respectively installed on the three legs of the middle seat and limited by the limit ring. The upper part of the device that assists the translation and rotation of the shield machine is connected to the steel sleeve base by the platform of the top seat. The steel sleeve base can rotate on the middle seat, and the rotation angle is limited by the anti-slip plate.

[0090] 2. Leveling and translation of steel sleeve and shield machine

[0091] 2.1 Shield machine leveling

[0092] Install and debug the PLC jacking system, inspect the oil circuits, jacks, and coordination of operations; install the vertical jacking jack system. Based on the total weight of the shield machine and sleeve, five 200-ton jacks and five 120-ton jacks are installed on each side from the front to the rear of the cutterhead, and protective limit devices are installed on the outside of the cylinder box; install the spherical gripper plate, and the jacking jacks ensure that the piston rod contacts the spherical gripper plate vertically. The spherical gripper plate can achieve self-adjustment due to uneven road surfaces or slopes; use the hydraulic station PLC system to automatically control the asynchronous coordination of the jacking jacks, adjust the steel sleeve leveling angle according to the actual receiving line slope of the tunnel, and level the steel sleeve to achieve the expected slope of 2.148° to facilitate the removal or placement of the slope adjustment piers;

[0093] Remove the slope adjustment steel piers and install the auxiliary steel sleeve translation and rotation devices on the side, 5 on each side of the left and right sides of the steel sleeve base, and apply lubricating oil on the steel balls and the steel plate at the bottom of the working well to reduce friction; drop the lifting cylinder and retract it to ground the steel ball in the rolling part.

[0094] 2.2 Shield machine translation

[0095] Two 100t jacks are set between the hole and the steel sleeve base to push the shield machine to move horizontally along the axis in the direction of the maximum mileage to the horizontal axis position of the shield machine's rotation path; four 50t jacks are installed between the steel sleeve base and the side wall of the working shaft to push the shield machine and the steel sleeve in the horizontal direction with a horizontal pushing distance of 19981mm. The translation pushing is achieved by adding or adjusting the cylinder gaskets and continuously moving the reaction force support position. It is planned to push 10 times.

[0096] 2.3 Shield machine 180° rotation

[0097] In this embodiment, the shield machine is required to rotate at an angle of 180°. Based on the design and the actual on-site translation of the shield machine and sleeve, the rotation path is drawn and the position of the reaction force support is determined; the hydraulic system is debugged; monitoring points are set up at the four corner points and the center position of the steel sleeve, and four industrial cameras are placed around the working shaft to monitor the measuring points.

[0098] Double U-shaped movable hinges are installed at the corner points of the steel sleeve base to connect the two ends, forming a 45° angle with the shield machine and the sleeve support; the pushing cylinders are two 63t jacks with a stroke of 1100mm, an auxiliary jacking iron length of 700mm, and the maximum single pushing distance is 1800mm; when the hydraulic system is loaded, the pushing steel sleeve base rotates 9.5° and the stroke is 1144.5mm.

[0099] During the rotation construction, a visual integrated platform is used to observe the sleeve rotation path, monitor the rotation path of the four monitoring points at the upper corners of the steel sleeve, and confirm the displacement of the monitoring point at the center of the steel sleeve. If necessary, the jacking position and angle are adjusted until the shield machine and steel sleeve complete a 180° rotation.

[0100] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine, characterized in that: Includes multiple auxiliary tooling, any auxiliary tooling includes: The middle seat has a bottom with a plurality of rolling parts and rolls on the ground through the plurality of rolling parts; a top seat, which is arranged above the middle seat and hinged thereto, the top seat including a connecting piece, which is hinged to a hemispherical groove arranged on the top of the middle seat, the connecting piece matching the shape of the groove, the connecting piece being a hemisphere, and the depth of the groove being less than the radius of the connecting piece; a platform, which is arranged above the connecting piece and fixedly connected thereto; a plurality of anti-slip plates vertically spaced along the periphery of the top seat and arranged on the top surface of the middle seat; When the device is in the working state of assisting the shield machine rotation, the connecting member rotates centripetally in the groove.

2. The device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle seat is a triangular bracket composed of three legs with a common end point.

3. The device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Any rolling part includes a steel ball, which is clamped in the mounting groove at the bottom of the leg and is rollingly connected to the mounting groove; a limiting ring, which is sleeved on the outside of the steel ball and fixed to the periphery of the mounting groove by bolts, and the inner diameter of any limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball.

4. The device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple anti-slip plates are three anti-slip plates, which are respectively arranged on the three supporting legs, and the height of any anti-slip plate is greater than the height of the platform.

5. The device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of elastic elements, which are arranged on the side walls of the plurality of anti-slip plates close to the top seat and correspond one to one thereto, and any elastic element contacts the top seat in a free state.

6. A construction method for a device that assists a shield machine in translation and rotation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Cast the tunnel floor, and lay multiple steel plates on the cast floor to completely cover the floor, with any two adjacent steel plates welded with a V-groove; Step 2: Based on the actual position of the shield machine after receiving it and the tunnel planning, design the path for the shield machine's translation and rotation and make corresponding marks in the working shaft; Step 3: Install multiple reaction force supports on the steel plate on the side of the shield machine opposite to its travel direction, which are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the translation path and are detachably connected to the steel plate; Step 4: Calculate the number of the auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation devices required based on the total weight of the shield machine and the steel sleeve, and install 80% of the auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation devices in the middle of the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base. The top surface of the platform of the top seat of any auxiliary shield machine translation and rotation device is welded to the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base; Step 5: Hoist the steel sleeve base with the bottom surface facing downward from the working well and assemble the steel sleeve blocks in sequence; after the shield machine enters the steel sleeve and is received, use the PLC jacking system, jack system, support shoe plate and slope adjustment support to level the steel sleeve and shield machine, and then install the remaining 20% ​​of the device for assisting the shield machine in translation and rotation on both sides of the bottom surface of the steel sleeve base. The installation method is the same as in step 4; Step 6: Install multiple jacks between the multiple reaction supports and the side walls of the steel sleeve base, and any jack is hinged to the corresponding reaction support and steel sleeve base, and use the jack to push the steel sleeve along the specified translation direction; when the jack pushing distance reaches the upper limit, remove the connection between the jack and the steel sleeve base and retract the jack cylinder, remove the multiple reaction supports and jacks and reset them along the translation direction of the steel sleeve, and use the jack to push the steel sleeve again, and repeat the above pushing process until the steel sleeve reaches the specified translation distance; Step 7. According to the specified rotation direction and angle, change the installation positions of multiple reaction supports on the steel plate. The installation direction of any reaction support is tangent to the specified rotation contour line. Install multiple jacks between the multiple reaction supports and the steel sleeve base. Any jack is hinged to the corresponding reaction support and the steel sleeve base respectively, and use the jack to push the steel sleeve to rotate a certain angle; when the jack pushing distance reaches the upper limit, remove the connection between the jack and the steel sleeve base and retract the jack cylinder, remove the multiple reaction supports and jacks and reset them along the rotation direction of the steel sleeve, use the jack to push the steel sleeve again, and repeat the above process until the steel sleeve reaches the specified rotation angle.

7. The construction method of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step seven, before the shield machine rotates, multiple monitoring points are set on the steel sleeve. During the rotation, multiple industrial cameras installed on the top beam of the working shaft are used to monitor the movement path of the shield machine, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the visual integrated platform for judgment and early warning.

8. The construction method of the device for assisting the translation and rotation of a shield machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step seven, the maximum angle of a single rotation of the steel sleeve is 7.5°-10.5° using a jack.

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