An intelligent and adjustable solid-state relay

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of power electronics technology, specifically an intelligent adjustable solid-state relay, comprising: a relay body, which includes a plurality of regulating circuits composed of power devices and photoelectric couplers, and outputs a corresponding rated current by connecting one or more regulating circuits; and a detection unit and a control unit respectively connected to the relay body, the detection unit is used to detect the temperature around the relay body, the load state of each regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit; the control unit receives the control signal input and the detection data fed back by the detection unit, and controls the on and off of the regulating circuit in the relay body. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the rated current output by the relay body is automatically adjusted according to the needs of the load, the needs of the load are met, and the energy consumption is reduced; the control unit also synchronously realizes temperature compensation, which improves the stability and reliability of the operation of the relay body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an intelligent and adjustable solid-state relay. Background Art

[0002] At present, the solid-state relays widely used in the field of industrial and automation equipment all use unidirectional or bidirectional thyristor chips as the core power control device, plus a trigger control circuit to form an electronic switch device system. They are used in various industrial and automation equipment to replace traditional electromagnetic contactors. Due to the working principle and specific structural problems of electromagnetic contactors, electromagnetic contactors naturally have some disadvantages. There are great hidden dangers in the use of electrical equipment, which can easily cause unreliable work and various faults. The melting or adhesion of contacts may even cause fires and other catastrophic accidents.

[0003] Existing solid-state relays are not smart enough and cannot select rated current according to application scenarios. It is impossible to limit current at each level according to user needs and the purpose or use of the system. The corresponding relays need to be replaced manually each time. Multiple welding will also cause the pads of the circuit board to be damaged due to heat. This wastes manpower, increases R&D costs, and reduces the speed of R&D. During work, especially in high-power load applications, thyristors will produce large power consumption and heat problems, affecting the stability and reliability of the solid-state relay. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent and adjustable solid-state relay to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent adjustable solid-state relay comprises: a relay body, which comprises a plurality of regulating circuits composed of power devices and photoelectric couplers, and outputs a corresponding rated current by connecting one or more regulating circuits; and a detection unit and a control unit respectively connected to the relay body, wherein the detection unit is used to detect the temperature around the relay body and the load state of each regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit; the control unit receives the control signal transmitted by the control signal input and the detection data fed back by the detection unit, and controls the on-off of the regulating circuit in the relay body to achieve the regulation of the rated current output by the relay body.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the detection unit includes a temperature detection element, and the temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the power device, the power supply under test and the regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the detection unit further includes a current sensor, and a plurality of the current sensors are arranged on the relay body for detecting the load state of the relay body.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: it also includes a heat dissipation element, and the heat dissipation element is used to reduce the temperature of the relay body.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the regulating circuit is provided with a switch and a protection element, the control unit controls the on and off of the regulating circuit through the switch, and the protection element is used to protect various components in the regulating circuit.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the protection element includes a fuse, and a plurality of the fuses are respectively connected in series between the photoelectric coupler and the power device to protect the power device.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the regulating circuit is further provided with an adjustable resistance element, and the control unit adjusts the voltage and current of the regulating circuit through the adjustable resistance element.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the relay body is sheathed with a relay housing, the relay housing is provided with a plurality of input pins and output pins, and the input pins and output pins are respectively connected to corresponding connectors of the regulating circuit.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the rated current output by the relay body is automatically adjusted according to the needs of the load, which meets the needs of the load while reducing energy consumption and achieving energy saving; the control unit adjusts the rated current output by the relay body to synchronously achieve temperature compensation, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the relay body's operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent and adjustable solid-state relay in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 1 is a flowchart of a control unit in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the relay body in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 1 is a partial circuit diagram of the relay body in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the control flow of an intelligent and adjustable solid-state relay in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the temperature compensation process of an intelligent and adjustable solid-state relay in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the accompanying drawings: 1. Input pin I; 2. Input pin II; 3. Output pin I; 4. Output pin II; 5. Output pin III; 6. Output pin IV; 7. Heat sink and thermistor; 8. Relay body; 9. Detection unit; 10. Control unit; 11. Output pin V. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present embodiment disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0023] See also Figure 1-3 In an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent adjustable solid-state relay includes: a relay body, which includes a plurality of regulating circuits composed of power devices and optocouplers, and outputs a corresponding rated current by connecting one or more regulating circuits; and a detection unit 9 and a control unit 10 respectively connected to the relay body 8, wherein the detection unit 9 is used to detect the temperature around the relay body 8 and the load state of each regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit 10; the control unit 10 receives the control signal transmitted by the control signal input and the detection data fed back by the detection unit 9, and controls the on and off of the regulating circuit in the relay body 8 to achieve the adjustment of the rated current output by the relay body 8.

[0024] Specifically, the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay is connected to the power supply under test to drive the power supply under test to work according to the external control signal; it has the following working modes. Under normal conditions: the control signal input receives the control signal of the external device and transmits the control signal to the control unit, such as Figure 3As shown, the control unit controls the corresponding photoelectric coupler 1 (optical coupler 1) to be turned on, and controls part of the lines in a regulating circuit to be turned on, and the energized power device 1 outputs the rated current one to drive the load (power supply under test) through the signal output terminal. If the rated current one cannot drive the load, the control unit continues to control another part of the lines in the regulating circuit to be turned on; the signal output terminal outputs the rated current two to drive the load (power supply under test), if the rated current two cannot drive the load; the control unit controls the corresponding photoelectric coupler 2 (optical coupler 2) to be turned on, and the control unit controls the regulating circuit connected to the photoelectric coupler 2 to be turned on, and the energized power device 2 outputs the rated current three to drive the load (power supply under test) through the signal output terminal. If the rated current three can drive the load, the current output of the rated current three is maintained; if the rated current three cannot drive the load, the optical coupler n is continued to be turned on, and the regulating circuit corresponding to the optical coupler n is turned on at the same time, until the energized power device n can drive the load through the rated current n of the signal output terminal. Before the above process starts, the detection unit feeds back the initial state of each component of the regulation circuit to the control unit, and the control unit controls the connection of the subsequent regulation circuit based on the fed-back detection data; after the above process starts, the detection unit detects the state changes of each component of the regulation circuit in real time, and feeds back the detection data to the control unit, and the control unit intelligently adjusts the connection power of each component of the regulation circuit based on the fed-back detection data.

[0025] When part of the regulating circuit is in an abnormal state: when the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay is connected to the power supply under test, the detection unit detects the switch state and the initial value of the performance adjustment in the relay body, and feeds back the detection data to the control unit. Therefore, when the rated current is output to drive the power supply under test (load), the control unit can avoid controlling part of the lines in the regulating circuit and connect other normal lines; the availability of the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay is improved, and the repeatability of the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay is increased.

[0026] In addition, when the relay body outputs the rated current to drive the power supply (load) under test, the heat energy generated by the components in the adjustment circuit will affect the performance of the relay body. At this time, the detection unit performs temperature detection on the relevant components in real time, and feeds back the detected temperature data to the control unit. The control unit adjusts the working power of the relevant components to reduce the temperature, thereby achieving the effect of temperature compensation; ensuring that the mode selection of the relay body is carried out normally, while ensuring that the relay body can meet the requirements of the load, ensuring the stability of the relay body, and maximizing the efficiency; ensuring that it can work efficiently and reliably when the temperature changes, improving the contact goodness of the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay, and ensuring the load capacity of the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay.

[0027] In summary, the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay has low energy consumption in standby mode; when driving a load, the control unit can adjust the magnitude of the driving current to meet the load requirements; and it also has temperature compensation capability, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the relay body.

[0028] See also Figure 1 In another embodiment of the present invention, the relay body 8 is covered with a relay housing, and the relay housing is provided with a plurality of input pins and output pins, and the input pins and output pins are respectively connected to corresponding connectors of the regulating circuit.

[0029] Specifically, the input pins include input pin I1 and input pin II2, and the output pins include output pin I3, output pin II4, output pin III5, output pin IV6 and output pin V11; they are respectively connected to corresponding connectors of the regulating circuit.

[0030] See also Figure 4 In another embodiment of the present invention, a switch and a protection element are provided on the regulating circuit, the control unit controls the on and off of the regulating circuit through the switch, and the protection element is used to protect the components on the regulating circuit.

[0031] The protection element includes a fuse, and the fuses are fuse F1, fuse F2, and fuse F3, which are connected in series between the photoelectric coupler and the power device to protect the power device. The regulating circuit is also provided with an adjustable resistance element, and the control unit adjusts the voltage and current of the regulating circuit through the adjustable resistance element.

[0032] The adjustable resistance element includes adjustable resistor R1, adjustable resistor R2, adjustable resistor R4, and adjustable resistor R5; further, the detection unit also includes current sensors, which are: current sensor A2, current sensor A3, current sensor A4, current sensor C2, current sensor C3, and current sensor C4; which are used to detect the load state of the relay body 8. The regulating circuit comprises a resistor R3; one end of the adjustable resistor R1 marked 1 and one end marked a are connected to the control unit, the other end is connected to the anode of the diode in the optocoupler U1, the cathode is connected to the output pin V11, the collector of the transistor of the optocoupler U1 connected to the control unit is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the output pin I3, and is also connected to one end of the fuse F3, the emitter of the transistor of the optocoupler U1 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R4, the b end of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected to the control unit, the other end is connected to the base of the power tube Q1, and the collector of the power tube Q1 is connected to one end of the fuse F3; the current sensor A2 is connected between the adjustable resistor R1 and the optocoupler U1, the current sensor A3 is connected between the adjustable resistor R4 and the base of the power tube Q1, and the current sensor A4 is connected between the fuse F3 and the collector of the power tube Q1; the adjustable resistor One end of R2 marked with 2 and one end marked with c are connected to the control unit respectively, the other end is connected to the anode of the diode in the optocoupler U2, and the cathode is connected to the control unit through the output pin VI21. The collector of the transistor of the optocoupler U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the emitter of the transistor of the optocoupler U2 is connected to one end of the fuse F2, the other end of the fuse F2 is connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R5, the d end of the adjustable resistor is connected to the control unit, and the other end is connected to the base of the power tube Q2, the collector of the power tube Q2 is connected to one end of the switch S1, and the other end is connected to one end of the fuse F3, and the e end of the switch S1 is connected to the control unit; the current sensor C2 is connected between the adjustable resistor R2 and the optocoupler U2, the current sensor C3 is connected between the adjustable resistor R5 and the base of the power tube Q2, and the current sensor C4 is connected between one end of the switch S1 and the collector of the power tube Q2; the power tube Q1 is connected to the emitter of the power tube Q2 and is connected to the output pin II4.

[0033] The optical coupler U1 and the optical coupler U2 are used for electrical isolation to ensure that the control unit and the load do not interfere with each other. The adjustable resistors R1, R2, R4 and R5 are controlled by the control unit and are used to adjust the resistance value of the regulating circuit to limit the opening current of each optical coupler and the power tube. The conduction time and the conduction ratio can be controlled to ensure that the tube voltage drop can be effectively reduced and the power loss can be reduced; at the same time, the influence of the temperature on the relay body can be reduced; the fuse F1, the fuse F2 and the fuse F3 are used to protect the safe operation of each component and ensure that the power supply is quickly cut off in the case of overcurrent. At the same time, the fuse F1, the fuse F2 and the fuse F3 are recoverable, which is conducive to reuse. The current sensor A2, the current sensor A3, the current sensor A4, the current sensor C2, the current sensor C3 and the current sensor C4 are respectively used to detect the current at their connection points to ensure that the control unit accurately controls each regulating circuit. Under the action of the control unit, the switch S1 can be selected to be closed or opened to meet different rated currents.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the working steps of the control unit are as follows: 1) The control unit initializes each parameter of each adjustment circuit, detects the initial position of each adjustable resistor and the state of the switch; 2) Waiting for the instruction of the signal input unit, when receiving the control signal transmitted by the control signal input, that is, the relay action instruction, jump to step 3), otherwise always execute step 2); 3) The control unit sends an instruction to the optocoupler U1, the optocoupler U1 acts, and the detection unit feeds back the detection data to the control unit in real time to determine whether this path meets the current requirement of the load. If so, it works normally, if not, jump to step 4); 4) The control unit adjusts the resistance value of the adjustable resistor R1 and the adjustable resistor R4, increases the conductivity of the optocoupler U1 and the power tube Q1, and determines whether this path meets the current requirement of the load. If yes, it works normally, if not, jump to step 5); 5) The control unit sends instructions to switch S1 and optocoupler U1, switch S1 is closed, and optocoupler U2 is activated at the same time, and the parallel mode with power tube Q1 and power tube Q2 is performed to determine whether this path meets the current requirements of the load. If yes, it works normally, if not, jump to step 6); 6) The control unit adjusts the resistance values ​​of adjustable resistors R1, R4, R2 and R5, increases the conductivity of optocoupler U1 and power tube Q1, optocoupler U2 and power tube Q2, and determines whether this path meets the current requirements of the load. If yes, it works normally, if not, jump to step 7); 7) Select other modules in the relay body to ensure that the current requirements are met and enter the working state.

[0035] Further, after the above step 7), step 8) is entered; 8) whether temperature compensation is required, if not, the state of step 7) is continued, and if required, temperature compensation control is performed. Temperature compensation ensures that the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay can work efficiently and reliably when the temperature changes, improves the contact quality of the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay, and ensures the load capacity.

[0036] See also Figure 4 In another embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit 9 includes a temperature detection element, which is used to detect the temperature of the power device, the power supply under test and the regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit.

[0037] The temperature detection element includes a thermistor, which detects the temperature of the power device, the power supply under test and the regulating circuit, and feeds back the detection data to the control unit. The control unit adopts a microprocessor; the microprocessor receives and processes the feedback data of the detection unit and controls the operation of the relay body.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, when the resistance of the thermistor triggers the temperature compensation control of the microprocessor, the microprocessor determines the current temperature, calculates the temperature compensation coefficient, and then adjusts the adjustable resistors R1 and R4 in the adjustment circuit to reduce the conduction rate, thereby reducing the temperature and achieving temperature compensation.

[0039] See also Figure 1 In another embodiment of the present invention, a heat dissipation element is further included, and the heat dissipation element is used to reduce the temperature of the relay body.

[0040] The heat dissipation element includes a heat dissipation plate, and the heat dissipation plate and thermistor 7 are arranged at the bottom of the power device. The heat dissipation plate reduces the temperature around the power device of the relay body 8. It ensures that each component can work reliably when the temperature changes, improves the contact quality of the relay body 8, and ensures the load capacity.

[0041] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the intelligent adjustable solid-state relay is connected to the power supply under test to drive the power supply under test to work according to the external control signal; it has the following working modes, under normal conditions: the control signal input receives the control signal of the external device and transmits the control signal to the control unit, such as Figure 3As shown, the control unit controls the corresponding photoelectric coupler 1 (optical coupler 1) to be turned on, and controls part of the lines in a regulating circuit to be turned on, and the energized power device 1 outputs the rated current one to drive the load (power supply under test) through the signal output terminal. If the rated current one cannot drive the load, the control unit continues to control another part of the lines in the regulating circuit to be turned on; the signal output terminal outputs the rated current two to drive the load (power supply under test), if the rated current two cannot drive the load; the control unit controls the corresponding photoelectric coupler 2 (optical coupler 2) to be turned on, and the control unit controls the regulating circuit connected to the photoelectric coupler 2 to be turned on, and the energized power device 2 outputs the rated current three to drive the load (power supply under test) through the signal output terminal. If the rated current three can drive the load, the current output of the rated current three is maintained; if the rated current three cannot drive the load, the optical coupler n is continued to be turned on, and the regulating circuit corresponding to the optical coupler n is turned on at the same time, until the energized power device n can drive the load through the rated current n of the signal output terminal.

[0042] It should be noted that the microprocessor and optocoupler used in the present invention are applications of existing technologies. Professional technicians in this field can achieve the desired functions based on the relevant descriptions, or achieve the desired technical characteristics through similar technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the disclosure in the specification and examples. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the claims.

[0044] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent adjustable solid-state relay, characterized in that: include: The relay body includes a plurality of regulating circuits composed of power devices and photocouplers, and outputs a corresponding rated current by connecting one or more regulating circuits; as well as The relay body is respectively connected to a detection unit and a control unit, wherein the detection unit is used to detect the temperature around the relay body and the load state of each regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit; The control unit receives the control signal transmitted by the control signal input and the detection data fed back by the detection unit, and controls the on-off of the regulating circuit in the relay body to adjust the rated current output by the relay body. The regulating circuit is provided with a switch and a protection element. The control unit controls the on-off of the regulating circuit through the switch. The protection element is used to protect the various components on the regulating circuit. The protection element includes a fuse. Several of the fuses are respectively connected in series between the photoelectric coupler and the power device to protect the power device. The regulating circuit is also provided with an adjustable resistance element. The control unit adjusts the voltage and current of the regulating circuit through the adjustable resistance element. The relay body is covered with a relay The electrical housing is provided with a plurality of input pins and output pins on the relay housing, and the input pins and the output pins are respectively connected to the corresponding joints of the regulating circuit, and the adjustable resistance element includes an adjustable resistor R1, an adjustable resistor R2, an adjustable resistor R4, and an adjustable resistor R5; the detection unit also includes a current sensor, and the current sensors are respectively: current sensor A2, current sensor A3, current sensor A4, current sensor C2, current sensor C3, and current sensor C4; used to detect the load state of the relay body, the regulating circuit includes a resistor R3; one end of the adjustable resistor R1 marked with 1 and one end marked with a are connected to the control unit, and the other end is connected to the anode of the diode in the optical coupler U1. The cathode is connected to the output pin V11, the collector of the transistor of the optocoupler U1 connected to the control unit is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the output pin I, and is also connected to one end of the fuse F3, the emitter of the transistor of the optocoupler U1 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R4, the b end of the adjustable resistor R4 is connected to the control unit, and the other end is connected to the base of the power tube Q1, and the collector of the power tube Q1 is connected to one end of the fuse F3; the current sensor A2 is connected between the adjustable resistor R1 and the optocoupler U1, the current sensor A3 is connected between the adjustable resistor R4 and the base of the power tube Q1, and the current sensor A4 is connected Between the fuse F3 and the collector of the power tube Q1; one end of the adjustable resistor R2 labeled 2 and one end labeled c are connected to the control unit respectively, the other end is connected to the anode of the diode in the optocoupler U2, and the cathode is connected to the control unit through the output pin VI21, the collector of the transistor of the optocoupler U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the emitter of the transistor of the optocoupler U2 is connected to one end of the fuse F2, the other end of the fuse F2 is connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R5, the d end of the adjustable resistor is connected to the control unit, and the other end is connected to the base of the power tube Q2, the collector of the power tube Q2 is connected to one end of the switch S1, and the other end is connected to one end of the fuse F3, and the e end of the switch S1 is connected to the control unit;The current sensor C2 is connected between the adjustable resistor R2 and the optical coupler U2, the current sensor C3 is connected between the adjustable resistor R5 and the base of the power tube Q2, and the current sensor C4 is connected between one end of the switch S1 and the collector of the power tube Q2; the power tube Q1 is connected to the emitter of the power tube Q2 and is connected to the output pin II. ; 2. The intelligent adjustable solid-state relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection unit includes a temperature detection element, which is used to detect the temperature of the power device, the power supply under test and the regulating circuit, and feed back the detection data to the control unit.

3. The intelligent adjustable solid-state relay according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection unit further includes current sensors, and a plurality of the current sensors are arranged on the relay body and are used to detect the load state of the relay body.

4. The intelligent adjustable solid-state relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat dissipation element is also included, and the heat dissipation element is used to reduce the temperature of the relay body.

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