Low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system

Abstract

The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading, grading and separation system of the present invention belongs to the technical field of raw coal gas production; the technical problem solved is: to provide a low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading, grading and separation system, which generates raw coal gas by anaerobic cracking of low-rank coal, saves production cost and improves production quality; the technical scheme adopted is: including an entire circulating production system consisting of a heat exchange furnace, a cooler, a rotary kiln, a raw coal preheater, a cyclone dust collector, a main fan, a desulfurization tower, a raw coal conveyor and a carrier output blower, which transfers the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas to the raw coal gas carrier in a heat-conducting manner, and the raw coal gas carrier enters the rotary kiln in a closed oxygen-free environment to crack and react with the low-rank coal to generate a large amount of raw coal gas. Since the heat carrier is the same product and has very few impurities, the influence of combustion coal impurities and air impurities on the product is avoided, and the consumption of low-rank coal on the market forms corporate benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system of the present invention belongs to the technical field of raw coal gas production, and specifically relates to a complete system for generating raw coal gas by anaerobic cracking of low-rank coal. Background Art

[0002] The direct combustion of low-rank coal is highly polluting and contains a lot of impurities. In recent years, in response to national environmental protection policies, most production enterprises have been prohibited from using low-rank coal, so a large amount of low-rank coal resources have accumulated in the market. The clean coal gas used in the combustion of our company's production system needs to be purified from the waste gas. In order to consider the production cost, we are committed to the use and development of low-rank coal to produce waste gas. In the past, the use of low-rank coal to produce waste gas was mostly oxygen-deficient combustion. However, due to the low calorific value and too many impurities of low-rank coal, the produced waste gas can only be burned once, and the internal elements are wasted. Our company has been researching the project of using low-rank coal for calcination for many years. In order to avoid the reduction of product quality due to the high impurities in low-rank coal, a system that uses waste gas carrier in the entire calcination cycle has been developed. The waste gas carrier uses heat exchange technology to obtain heat and supply heat to the rotary kiln to crack the low-rank coal. At the same time, since the gas generated by the cracking of low-rank coal in the rotary kiln is waste gas of the same composition, it will not affect the quality of the gas product, so that low-rank coal is cracked without oxygen to generate waste gas. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and aims to solve the technical problem of providing a low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system, thereby saving production costs and improving production quality.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system, including a heat exchange furnace, a cooler, a rotary kiln, a raw coal preheater, a cyclone dust collector, a main fan, a desulfurization tower, a raw coal conveyor and a carrier output fan;

[0005] The heat exchange furnace comprises a furnace body, a carrier supply chamber, a mixing chamber, a partition, a carrier channel, a high-temperature combustion channel, an air supply cavity and a high-temperature gas pipeline. The furnace body is a sealed chamber structure made of refractory bricks. One side of the furnace body is the carrier supply chamber and the other side is the mixing chamber. The middle part of the furnace body is divided into multiple airflow channels by multiple partitions. The multiple airflow channels are further divided into carrier channels and high-temperature combustion channels arranged at intervals. The two ends of each carrier channel are respectively connected to the carrier supply chamber and the mixing chamber. Both ends of each high-temperature combustion channel are sealed. An air supply cavity is arranged on one side of the interior of the furnace body. The air supply cavity is provided with an air delivery pipe connected to the outside of the furnace body. The air supply cavity is respectively connected to the multiple high-temperature combustion channels through multiple combustion-aiding gas supply pipes. The high-temperature gas pipeline is arranged outside the furnace body and is respectively connected to the multiple high-temperature combustion channels through multiple high-temperature gas supply pipes. The carrier supply chamber is connected to the carrier supply pipeline. A carrier output fan is installed in the mixing chamber. The inlet of the carrier output fan corresponds to the mixing chamber and the outlet thereof is connected to the inlet end of the carrier delivery pipeline. The multiple high-temperature combustion channels are all connected to the smoke exhaust pipe arranged outside the furnace body through the pipeline.

[0006] The raw coal preheater comprises a first shell, a feed trough, a distribution cover, a diversion platform, a waste heat utilization pipe, a blanking trough and an exhaust gas discharge pipe. The upper part of the first shell is provided with a feed trough, and the blanking end of the raw coal conveyor is arranged at the upper entrance of the feed trough. The distribution cover is fixedly hoisted in the feed trough by a plurality of connecting rods. The distribution cover is a truncated cone type cavity shell structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end. A blocking ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first shell corresponding to the lower end edge of the distribution cover. The upper part of the blocking ring is provided with an inclined surface, and the bottom end of the inclined surface forms a first blanking ring seam with the lower end of the distribution cover. The diversion platform is a truncated cone type cavity shell structure with closed upper and lower ends. The upper part of the diversion platform is fixed to the inner lower part of the distribution cover by a plurality of connecting plates, and an air outlet gap supported by a plurality of connecting plates is left between the distribution cover and the diversion platform. The outer edge of the lower end and the lower end of the blocking ring form a second blanking ring seam, and the second blanking ring seam is located below the first blanking ring seam. A plurality of guide holes are evenly arranged on the inner side of the blocking ring, and the upper ends of the guide holes correspond to the first blanking ring seam and the lower ends correspond to the second blanking ring seam. A conical blanking trough is arranged at the lower part of the first shell, and the lower end outlet of the blanking trough is connected to the feeding end of the rotary kiln. One end of the waste heat utilization pipe is connected to the flue gas discharge pipe of the heat exchange furnace, and the other end of the waste heat utilization pipe extends into the blanking trough in the first shell and its outlet is aligned with the bottom surface of the diverter table. One end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe extends into the feeding trough of the first shell and is fixed in the inside of the distribution cover. The other end of the exhaust gas discharge pipe is connected to the inlet of the cyclone dust collector, and the outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected to the main fan, and the outlet of the main fan is connected to the desulfurization tower;

[0007] The lower end outlet of the chute of the raw coal preheater is connected to the feed end of the rotary kiln, and the feed end of the rotary kiln is also connected to a finished gas supply pipeline. The mixing chamber of the heat exchange furnace is connected to the discharge end of the rotary kiln through a carrier conveying pipeline and a carrier output fan. A cooler is also installed at the discharge end of the rotary kiln, one side of the cooler is connected to a cold air fan through a cold air duct and the other side is provided with a hot air duct, and a finished product conveyor is installed below the discharge port of the cooler.

[0008] The cooler includes a second shell, the upper end of the second shell is an open feed inlet and a connecting flange is installed on the feed inlet, the lower end of the second shell is a funnel-shaped discharge port, the lower part of the second shell is fixedly installed on the frame, the inner upper part of the second shell is an air cooling zone and the inner lower part is a water cooling zone, a sealed air box is respectively provided on the outer side walls of the second shell on both sides of the air cooling zone, a plurality of air cooling pipes are uniformly and horizontally arranged in the air cooling zone, both ends of the air cooling pipes pass through the outside of the second shell and are respectively located in two sealed air boxes, one of which is connected to the induced draft fan through a pipeline, and the other is connected to a waste heat collection pipe. An upper sealing plate is sealed and fixed to the upper part, and a lower sealing plate is sealed and fixed to the lower part, a sealed water tank is formed between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, the lower part of the sealed water tank is connected to the water pump through a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe is installed on the upper part of the sealed water tank, a supporting plate is fixedly installed above the upper sealing plate, a plurality of vertical pipes open up and down are fixedly installed on the supporting plate, the upper ends of the plurality of vertical pipes are fixed on the supporting plate and the upper ends are not higher than the upper surface of the supporting plate, the upper surface of the supporting plate where no vertical pipes are set is provided with an anti-stacking cone tip, the lower ends of the plurality of vertical pipes penetrate the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, and the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate are sealingly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of vertical pipes.

[0009] The carrier output fan includes a motor, a rotating shaft, fan blades and an air supply ring. The motor is fixedly installed on the top of the heat exchange furnace. The output shaft of the motor points downward. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. A plurality of fan blades are arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is an inner and outer hollow sleeve structure with closed lower ends. The inner hollow tube of the rotating shaft is fixedly sleeved inside the outer hollow tube and the inner and outer hollow tubes are coaxially arranged. The interiors of the plurality of fan blades are all blades of a double-layer sealed cavity structure. The lower ends of the inner and outer hollow tubes of the rotating shaft are both connected to the sealed cavity of the fan blades. An air supply ring is movably sleeved on the upper part of the rotating shaft. The air supply ring is fixed to the motor through a plurality of connecting sheets. The air supply ring is an annular structure and is provided with an annular The airflow cavity is divided into two left and right air cavities by two partitions, an air inlet nozzle is provided on the outer side of the air supply ring and the air inlet nozzle is communicated with the right air cavity of the air supply cavity, an air outlet nozzle is provided on the outer side of the air supply ring and the air outlet nozzle is communicated with the left air cavity of the air supply cavity, the air inlet nozzle is connected with an air inlet pipe, the air outlet nozzle is connected with an air outlet pipe, an air vent connecting the inner hollow tube and the outside thereof is provided on one side of the rotating shaft and the air vent is not communicated with the outer hollow tube, an air discharge port connecting the outer hollow tube and the outside thereof is provided on the other side of the rotating shaft, the positions of the air vent and the air discharge port are both corresponding to the installation position of the air supply ring, through openings are respectively opened on both sides of the inner ring wall of the air supply ring and the two through openings are both located on the rotating walking paths of the air vent and the air discharge port.

[0010] A distribution device is installed on the lower end outlet of the material chute of the raw coal preheater, and the distribution device includes a sealing shell, a distribution pipe, an adjusting rod and an adjusting knob. The upper end of the sealing shell is sealed and connected to the lower part of the material chute of the raw coal preheater, and the lower end thereof is sealed and connected to the inlet end of the rotary kiln. A fixed plate is provided at the inner upper part of the sealing shell, and a through hole is provided on the fixed plate, and the discharge port of the raw coal preheater extends into the lower chamber of the sealing shell through the through hole. One side of the upper end of the distribution pipe is hinged on the fixed plate, and the discharge port of the raw coal preheater extends into the interior of the inlet end of the distribution pipe, and the outlet end of the distribution pipe extends into the interior of the rotary kiln and corresponds to the inner wall of the rotary kiln. One end of the adjusting rod is hinged to the middle part of the distribution pipe, and the other end of the adjusting rod penetrates the outer wall of the sealing shell and is fixedly connected to the sealing shell through a nut-type adjusting knob.

[0011] A purification system is installed on the finished gas supply pipeline.

[0012] The carrier supply pipeline of the heat exchange furnace is connected with the finished gas supply pipeline.

[0013] The hot air pipe of the cooler is connected to the air supply pipe of the heat exchange furnace.

[0014] A dust removal device is installed in the carrier supply chamber of the heat exchange furnace.

[0015] A material guide inclined plate is provided on the middle and lower inner wall of the first shell of the raw coal preheater, and the material guide inclined plate is located directly below the second blanking ring seam. A plurality of stirring mechanisms are installed on the first shell, and the stirring mechanisms include a conduit, a push block, a push rod and a pressure plate. The conduit is fixed on the inner wall of the first shell and its outlet corresponds to the material guide inclined plate. The push rod is movably installed in the conduit, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the push block and the other end thereof passes through the outside of the first shell and is hinged on the pressure plate. The upper end of the pressure plate is hinged on the outer wall of the first shell, and a power push-pull device is provided on the pressure plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention transfers the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas to the raw coal gas carrier in a heat-conducting manner by arranging a heat exchange furnace. The raw coal gas carrier enters the rotary kiln in a closed oxygen-free environment to crack and react with low-rank coal to generate a large amount of raw coal gas. Since the heat carrier is the same product and has very few impurities, the influence of combustion coal impurities and air impurities on the product is avoided, the production quality is improved, the production cost of the enterprise is greatly saved, and a large amount of non-renewable energy consumption is saved. The consumption of low-rank coal on the market forms corporate benefits;

[0018] 2. In the present invention, the raw coal enters the preheater before entering the rotary kiln, and the raw coal is dried and preheated by the gas with waste heat before entering the rotary kiln. The dried material is laid evenly, making the product production quality more balanced and improving the production quality of the product. The drying preheater fully utilizes and controls the flow direction of the waste heat gas and raw coal particles in multiple pipes, so that the raw coal and the waste heat gas are more fully in contact, the preheating effect is better, and it is energy-saving and environmentally friendly;

[0019] 3. The distribution device in the present invention controls the length of the adjustment rod by rotating the adjustment knob to push the inclination angle of the distribution pipe, thereby accurately controlling the distance between the discharge end of the distribution pipe and the inner wall of the rotary kiln, achieving accurate coverage of the raw coal thickness and improving product quality stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange furnace in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the raw coal preheater in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the carrier output fan in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the air delivery ring and the rotating shaft of the carrier output fan in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooler in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the material distributing device in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system of the present invention comprises a heat exchange furnace 1, a cooler 2, a rotary kiln 3, a raw coal preheater 4, a cyclone dust collector 5, a main fan 6, a desulfurization tower 7, a raw coal conveyor 8 and a carrier output fan 9;

[0030] The heat exchange furnace 1 includes a furnace body 101, a carrier supply chamber 102, a mixing chamber 103, a partition 104, a carrier channel 105, a high-temperature combustion channel 106, an air supply cavity 107 and a high-temperature gas pipeline 108. The furnace body 101 is a sealed chamber structure made of refractory bricks. One side of the furnace body 101 is the carrier supply chamber 102 and the other side is the mixing chamber 103. The middle part of the furnace body 101 is divided into a plurality of air flow channels by a plurality of partitions 104. The plurality of air flow channels are further divided into carrier channels 105 and high-temperature combustion channels 106 arranged at intervals. The two ends of each carrier channel 105 are respectively connected to the carrier supply chamber 102 and the mixing chamber 103. Each high-temperature combustion channel 106 is sealed at both ends. A layer of air supply cavity 107 is provided on one side of the furnace body 101. The air supply cavity 107 is provided on the inner side of the furnace body 101. An air supply pipe 109 connected to the outside of the furnace body is provided on the air supply chamber 107. The air supply chamber 107 is connected to multiple high-temperature combustion channels 106 through multiple combustion-supporting gas supply pipes 110. The high-temperature gas pipeline 108 is arranged outside the furnace body 101 and is respectively connected to multiple high-temperature combustion channels 106 through multiple high-temperature gas supply pipes 111. The carrier supply chamber 102 is connected to a carrier supply pipeline 112. A carrier output fan 9 is installed in the mixing chamber 103. The inlet of the carrier output fan 9 corresponds to the mixing chamber 103 and the outlet is connected to the inlet end of the carrier delivery pipeline 10. Multiple high-temperature combustion channels 106 are all connected to the smoke exhaust pipe arranged outside the furnace body 101 through pipelines; the width of the carrier channel 105 is smaller than the width of the high-temperature combustion channel 106.

[0031] The interlayer 104 is composed of a plurality of identical template blocks. The template blocks are square plate-like structures. The middle of the two adjacent sides of the template blocks are provided with inlays with the same structure and a triangular cross section, and the middle of the other two sides are provided with grooves with the same structure and a triangular cross section. The inlays and grooves on the opposite sides of the template blocks match each other. The two adjacent template blocks on the interlayer 104 are connected by corresponding matching inlays and grooves. The four edges of both sides of the template block are provided with convex strips. Both sides of the template block are provided with two cross-shaped ridges, and the intersection is located at the center of the template block. The combination of the convex strips and ridges makes the template block look like a thicker plate with multiple shallow grooves dug on the side, so that it can reduce its own weight while meeting the bearing pressure. The connecting points of the four template blocks on the partition board form cross-shaped embedded blocks through four convex strips, and the embedded blocks on the opposite surfaces of the two oppositely arranged partitions 104 correspond to each other, and a plurality of support rods are connected between the two oppositely arranged partitions 104, and the two ends of the support rods are provided with embedded grooves matching the embedded blocks, and the two ends of the support rods are fixedly connected with the two partitions 104 through the matching embedding of the embedded blocks and the embedded grooves.

[0032] A plurality of template blocks are combined with matching fillets and grooves to form a whole partition 104, which is arranged in the heat exchange furnace 1, with a simple structure, quick and convenient assembly, and low cost. The convex strips on the edges of the template blocks can be used as reinforcing ribs to make the entire partition more impact-resistant, and because the convex strips widen the side width of the template blocks, the fit of the fillets and grooves can be more stable, avoiding the breakage of the partition 104 caused by the heat absorption expansion or heat release contraction of the gas on both sides of the partition 104. On the one hand, the support rod can limit the distance between the two relative partitions 104, and on the other hand, the locking of the joints of the four template blocks is realized through the inserts and the insert grooves, further strengthening the stability of the modular partition 104.

[0033] The raw coal preheater 4 includes a first shell 401, a feed trough 402, a material distribution cover 403, a diversion platform 404, a waste heat utilization pipe 405, a material drop trough 408 and an exhaust gas discharge pipe 406. The upper part of the first shell 401 is provided with a feed trough 402, and the material drop end of the raw coal conveyor 8 is arranged at the upper entrance of the feed trough 402. The feed trough 402 is fixedly hoisted with a material distribution cover 403 through a plurality of connecting rods 410. The material distribution cover 403 is a truncated cone-shaped cavity shell with a closed upper end and an open lower end. The first shell 401 is provided with a blocking ring 409 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the lower edge of the material distribution cover 403. The upper part of the blocking ring 409 is provided with an inclined surface, and the bottom end of the inclined surface forms a first blanking ring gap with the lower end of the material distribution cover 403. The diverter 404 is a round table-type cavity shell structure with closed upper and lower ends. The upper part of the diverter 404 is fixed to the inner lower part of the material distribution cover 403 through a plurality of connecting plates 407, and a plurality of connecting plates 407 are left between the material distribution cover 403 and the diverter 404 to support the material distribution cover 403. The outer edge of the lower end of the diverter table 404 and the lower end of the blocking ring 409 form a second blanking ring seam, and the second blanking ring seam is located below the first blanking ring seam. The inner side of the blocking ring 409 is evenly provided with a plurality of guide holes 411, the upper end of the guide hole 411 corresponds to the first blanking ring seam and the lower end corresponds to the second blanking ring seam. The lower part of the first shell 401 is provided with a conical blanking trough 408, and the lower end outlet of the blanking trough 408 is connected to the feeding end of the rotary kiln 3. The waste heat utilization pipe 40 One end of the exhaust pipe 406 is connected to the flue gas exhaust pipe of the heat exchange furnace 1, the other end of the waste heat utilization pipe 405 extends into the material drop chute 408 in the first shell 401 and its outlet is aligned with the bottom surface of the diverter 404, one end of the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 406 extends into the material feed chute 402 of the first shell 401 and penetrates and is fixed inside the material distribution cover 403, the other end of the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 406 is connected to the inlet of the cyclone dust collector 5, the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to the main fan 6, and the outlet of the main fan 6 is connected to the desulfurization tower 7;

[0034] The lower end outlet of the drop chute 408 of the raw coal preheater 4 is connected to the feed end of the rotary kiln 3, and the feed end of the rotary kiln 3 is also connected to the finished gas supply pipeline 11. The mixing chamber 103 of the heat exchange furnace 1 is connected to the discharge end of the rotary kiln 3 through the carrier conveying pipeline 10 and the carrier output fan 9. The discharge end of the rotary kiln 3 is also equipped with a cooler 2, one side of the cooler 2 is connected to a cold air fan through a cold air pipe and the other side is provided with a hot air pipe, and a finished product conveyor 13 is installed below the discharge port of the cooler 2.

[0035] The cooler 2 includes a second shell 201, the upper end of the second shell 201 is an open feed port 211 and a connecting flange 212 is installed on the feed port, the lower end of the second shell 201 is a funnel-shaped discharge port 213, the lower part of the second shell 201 is fixedly installed on the frame 214, the inner upper part of the second shell 201 is an air cooling zone 202 and the inner lower part is a water cooling zone 203, a sealed air box 204 is respectively provided on the outer side walls of the second shell 201 on both sides of the air cooling zone 202, a plurality of air cooling pipes 205 are uniformly and horizontally arranged in the air cooling zone 202, both ends of the air cooling pipes 205 are penetrated to the outside of the second shell 201 and are respectively located in two sealed air boxes 204, one of the sealed air boxes 204 is connected to the induced draft fan through a pipeline, and the other sealed air box 204 is connected to the waste heat collection pipe 206, and an upper sealing plate 20 is sealed and fixed to the upper inner part of the water cooling zone 203. 7 and a lower sealing plate 208 is sealed and fixed at the lower inner part, a sealed water tank is formed between the upper sealing plate 207 and the lower sealing plate 208, the lower part of the sealed water tank is connected to the water pump through a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe 215 is installed at the upper part of the sealed water tank, a support plate 209 is fixedly installed above the upper sealing plate 207, and a plurality of vertical pipes 210 opened up and down are fixedly installed on the support plate 209, the upper ends of the plurality of vertical pipes 210 are fixed on the support plate 209 and the upper ends are not higher than the upper surface of the support plate 209, and the upper surfaces of the support plates 209 without vertical pipes 210 are all provided with anti-stacking cone tips, so that the materials can slide into the vertical pipes 210 along the anti-stacking cone tips to avoid their accumulation on the support plate 209, and the lower ends of the plurality of vertical pipes 210 penetrate the upper sealing plate 207 and the lower sealing plate 208, and the upper sealing plate 207 and the lower sealing plate 208 are sealed and connected to the outer walls of the plurality of vertical pipes 210.

[0036] The carrier output fan 9 includes a motor 901, a rotating shaft 902, blades 903 and an air supply ring 904. The motor 901 is fixedly installed on the top of the heat exchange furnace. The output shaft of the motor 901 points downward. The output shaft of the motor 901 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 902. The lower end of the rotating shaft 902 is provided with a plurality of blades 903. The rotating shaft 902 is an inner and outer hollow sleeve structure with a closed lower end. The inner hollow tube 921 of the rotating shaft 902 is fixedly sleeved in the outer hollow tube 922. The inner and outer hollow tubes are coaxially arranged, and the interiors of the plurality of blades 903 are blades of a double-layer sealed cavity structure. The lower ends of the inner hollow tube 921 and the outer hollow tube 922 of the rotating shaft 902 are both connected to the sealed cavity of the blade 903. The upper movable sleeve of the rotating shaft 902 is provided with an air supply ring 904, and the air supply ring 904 is fixed to the motor 901 through a plurality of connecting pieces 905. The air supply ring 904 is an annular structure and has an annular air flow cavity 904 therein. 06, the airflow cavity 906 is divided into two left and right air cavities by two partitions 907, an air inlet nozzle 908 is provided on the outer side of the air supply ring 904, and the air inlet nozzle 908 is connected to the right air cavity of the airflow cavity 906, an air outlet nozzle 909 is provided on the outer side of the air supply ring 904, and the air outlet nozzle 909 is connected to the left air cavity of the airflow cavity 906, the air inlet nozzle 908 is connected to the air inlet pipe 910, the air outlet nozzle 909 is connected to the air outlet pipe 911, and one side of the rotating shaft 902 is provided with The inner hollow tube 921 is connected to the vent 923 outside thereof, and the vent 923 is not connected to the outer hollow tube 922. The other side of the rotating shaft is provided with an air leakage port 924 connecting the outer hollow tube 922 and the outside thereof. The positions of the vent 923 and the air leakage port 924 correspond to the installation position of the air supply ring 904. Through ports are respectively opened on both sides of the inner ring wall of the air supply ring 904, and the two through ports are both located on the rotational walking path of the vent 923 and the air leakage port 924. An air inlet check valve is installed on the vent 923, and an air outlet check valve is installed on the air leakage port 924. The rotating shaft 902 and the fan blade 903 are both made of heat-resistant stainless steel and coated with refractory coating. A plurality of sliding beads are provided on the contact surface between the air supply ring 904 and the rotating shaft 902. A sealing ring is provided on the contact surface between the air supply ring 904 and the rotating shaft 902.

[0037] A distribution device 414 is installed on the lower end outlet of the material chute 408 of the raw coal preheater 4, and the distribution device 414 includes a sealing shell 4141, a distribution pipe 4142, an adjusting rod 4143 and an adjusting knob 4144. The upper end of the sealing shell 4141 is sealed and connected to the lower part of the material chute 408 of the raw coal preheater 4, and the lower end thereof is sealed and connected to the inlet end of the rotary kiln 3. A fixing plate 4147 is provided on the inner upper part of the sealing shell 4141, and a through hole is provided on the fixing plate 4147, and the discharge port of the raw coal preheater 4 is passed through the through hole. The hole extends into the lower chamber of the sealing shell 4141, one side of the upper end of the distribution pipe 4142 is hinged on the fixed plate 4147, and the discharge port of the raw coal preheater 4 extends into the interior of the inlet end of the distribution pipe 4142, the outlet end of the distribution pipe 4142 extends into the interior of the rotary kiln 3 and corresponds to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3, one end of the adjusting rod 4143 is hinged at the middle part of the distribution pipe 4142, and the other end of the adjusting rod 4143 penetrates the outer wall of the sealing shell 4141 and is fixedly connected to the sealing shell 4141 through a nut-type adjusting knob 4144.

[0038] The finished gas supply pipeline 11 is provided with a purification system 12 .

[0039] The carrier supply pipeline 112 of the heat exchange furnace 1 is connected to the finished gas supply pipeline 11 .

[0040] The hot air pipe of the cooler 2 is connected to the air supply pipe 109 of the heat exchange furnace 1.

[0041] A dust removal device is installed in the carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1 .

[0042] A material guide inclined plate 412 is provided on the middle and lower inner wall of the first shell 401 of the raw coal preheater 4, and the material guide inclined plate 412 is located directly below the second blanking ring seam. A plurality of stirring mechanisms 413 are installed on the first shell 401, and the stirring mechanism 413 includes a conduit, a push block, a push rod and a pressure plate. The conduit is fixed on the inner wall of the first shell 401 and its outlet corresponds to the material guide inclined plate 412. The push rod is movably installed in the conduit, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the push block and the other end thereof passes through the outside of the first shell 401 and is hinged on the pressure plate. The upper end of the pressure plate is hinged on the outer wall of the first shell 401, and a power push-pull device is provided on the pressure plate.

[0043] Working process:

[0044] At the beginning of the system startup, the rotary kiln 3 is first allowed to idle, and a quantitative coal gas ratio is introduced into the rotary kiln 3 by the burning device to consume the oxygen in the entire system and discharge other gases, thereby reducing impurities in the system. After the impurities are removed, raw coal can be supplied to the rotary kiln 3 through the raw coal conveyor 8, and the raw coal is cracked by the residual heat in the rotary kiln 3 to produce a small amount of raw coal gas, which is introduced into the carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1, and the entire system starts to work;

[0045] Air flow path: The high-temperature combustion gas enters the high-temperature combustion channel 106 of the heat exchange furnace 1 through the high-temperature fuel gas pipeline 108. The air supply chamber 107 on one side of the heat exchange furnace 1 also supplies air to the high-temperature combustion channel 106 as an auxiliary fuel gas, so that the high-temperature combustion gas is burned to generate a large amount of heat energy. The raw coal gas generated in the rotary kiln 3 is introduced into the carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1 as a carrier. The raw coal gas carrier then enters the raw coal gas carrier channel under the suction of the carrier output fan 9. The raw coal gas carrier and the high-temperature combustion gas are isolated from each other in the heat exchange furnace 1. Heat exchange becomes a high-temperature raw coal gas carrier without impurities. The high-temperature raw coal gas carrier carries a large amount of heat energy. Under the action of the machine 9, the raw coal is sent into the rotary kiln 3 through the carrier delivery pipeline 10 and contacts the raw coal inside the rotary kiln 3 to crack the low-rank coal to generate a large amount of raw coal gas. The raw coal gas carrier that releases superheat energy has the same composition as the generated raw coal gas, so the generated raw coal gas product is relatively stable and pure. The raw coal gas product is sent to the purification system 12 through the finished gas supply pipeline 11 for purification or separation and then supplied to various demand systems for use. Since the system of the present invention also requires raw coal gas as a heat energy carrier, a small part of the raw coal gas product directly enters the carrier supply chamber 102 of the heat exchange furnace 1 again through the carrier supply pipeline 112, and re-enters the carrier channel 105 to exchange heat with the high-temperature combustion gas;

[0046] Raw coal path: The raw coal conveyor 8 delivers the raw coal into the raw coal preheater 4. The raw coal falls on the distribution cover 403 in the feeding trough 402 and slides along the first drop ring seam to the outer edge of the bottom surface of the diversion platform 404. Then, it falls on the guide inclined plate 412 through the second drop ring seam. The raw coal on the guide inclined plate 412 slowly slides to the drop trough 408 and covers a certain thickness on its inner wall. The raw coal drop state is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the waste heat utilization pipe 405 introduces high-temperature combustion gas with waste heat from the heat exchange furnace 1 and sends it into the blanking chute 408. After the waste heat gas hits the bottom surface of the diverter table 404, it is diverted to the surroundings to dry and preheat the raw coal on the guide inclined plate 412. At the same time, it will fill the inside of the blanking chute 408 to preheat and dry the raw coal on its inner wall. After the gas pressure reaches a certain value, the waste heat gas will find a breakthrough. Since the material thickness at the guide hole 411 is the smallest, the waste heat gas will enter the guide hole 411. Similarly, when the waste heat gas leaves the guide hole 411, the next breakthrough it finds is the gas outlet gap supported by multiple connecting plates 407. Finally, the waste heat gas completes the preheating work and becomes waste gas, which is discharged from the waste gas discharge pipe 406 above and is processed and discharged by a cyclone dust collector and a desulfurization tower, etc., while the preheated and dried material is sent back into the return through the adjusted distribution device. The coal is cracked in the rotary kiln 3; before feeding the coal into the rotary kiln 3, the thickness of the raw coal on the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 is determined according to the requirements of the product quality specifications, and then the adjusting knob 4144 is turned to extend or shorten the length of the adjusting rod 4143 in the sealing shell 4141, and the distribution pipe 4142 is pushed and pulled so that the distance between the bottom end of the distribution pipe 4142 and the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 reaches a predetermined distance. When the raw coal falls onto the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 through the distribution pipe 4142, its thickness is relatively uniform and will not exceed the predetermined value, so that the raw coal thickness is accurately covered and the product quality stability is improved; after the raw coal in the rotary kiln 3 is cracked, a coking product is generated and sent to the cooler 2 for cooling. The cooler adopts a combination of air cooling and water cooling to make the cooling effect better and more efficient. Finally, the solid coking product is sent to the finished product collection bin through the finished product conveyor 13.

[0047] The high-temperature fuel gas of the high-temperature fuel gas supply pipe 111 of the present invention can be produced by burning clean fuel gas generated by the production system itself through purification of raw fuel gas, and can form a circulating self-sufficient system with the raw fuel gas production system of the present invention.

[0048] In the present invention, after the raw coal falls on the guide inclined plate 412, the control system controls the pressure plate of the stirring mechanism 413 to move up and down repeatedly and pushes and pulls the push block repeatedly through the push rod, thereby achieving stirring of the raw coal on the guide inclined plate 412, making it more fully contacted with the waste heat gas and achieving better preheating and drying effect.

[0049] The adjustment method of the distribution device 414 in the present invention is as follows: before feeding the material into the rotary kiln 3, the thickness of the material on the inner wall of the rotary kiln is determined according to the requirements of the product quality specifications, and then the nut of the adjustment knob 4144 is turned to extend or shorten the length of the adjustment rod 4143 in the sealing shell, so as to achieve a slight push and pull of the distribution tube 4142, so that the distance between the bottom discharge port of the distribution tube 4142 and the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 reaches a predetermined distance. When the material falls onto the inner wall of the rotary kiln 3 through the distribution tube 4142, its thickness is relatively uniform and will not exceed the predetermined value, so that the material thickness can be accurately covered and the product quality stability can be improved.

[0050] The carrier output fan 9 in the present invention is achieved by changing the traditional horizontal fan into a suspended vertical fan, and installing an air supply ring on the rotating shaft. The air supply ring is stationary, and the rotating shaft is rotating. The air supply ring continuously supplies cold air to the rotating shaft through the air vent, and then discharges the hot air after heat exchange from the air vent, thereby realizing continuous air cooling of the high-temperature indoor fan. Due to the continuous rotation of the rotating shaft, the gas in the right air cavity of the air flow cavity 906 is in an air pile state, and the pressure is relatively large when it is connected with the air vent 923, which can effectively promote the flow of air in each channel.

[0051] The material of the cooler 2 in the present invention falls into the air cooling zone 202 from the inlet 211 of the second shell 201, and the induced draft fan continuously sends air to a sealed air box 204. The gas in the sealed air box 204 flows into another sealed air box 204 from multiple air cooling pipes 205. The material continuously falls between the multiple air cooling pipes 205 and is air cooled in the air cooling zone 203. The air temperature after air cooling heat exchange is 500-600℃, which can be directly sent into the system to mix with combustion gas or coal gas for combustion, and the residual heat is reused, which saves energy and reduces consumption. The material continues to After descending to the support plate 209, it is diverted to each vertical pipe 210 and continues to fall. Since the pipe body of the vertical pipe 210 is located inside the sealed water tank, it is water-cooled by the water in the sealed water tank so that the material can meet the cooling standard and be directly sent to the finished product collection area, while the hot water can be sent to other places for reuse; the material is cooled by a combination of air cooling and then water cooling, the cooling effect is good, and the thermal conductivity gradient makes the cooling quality of the material good and stable; the high-temperature gas after air cooling can be reused in the supply system for residual heat utilization, and the high-temperature water after water cooling can also be reused.

[0052] In the present invention, the cracking of low-rank coal has no contact with the outside world, and the generated raw gas has a special purification treatment system. Most of the gas is fully utilized, and the unusable gas will be processed in the system to meet the emission standards. The high-temperature combustion gas in the heat exchange furnace 1 will be used as waste heat after heat exchange, and will eventually be processed by the cyclone dust collector 5, the main fan 6, and the desulfurization tower 7 to meet the emission standards before being discharged, which is environmentally friendly and safe.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system, characterized by: It includes a heat exchange furnace (1), a cooler (2), a rotary kiln (3), a raw coal preheater (4), a cyclone dust collector (5), a main fan (6), a desulfurization tower (7), a raw coal conveyor (8) and a carrier output fan (9); The heat exchange furnace (1) comprises a furnace body (101), a carrier supply chamber (102), a mixing chamber (103), a partition (104), a carrier channel (105), a high-temperature combustion channel (106), an air supply cavity (107) and a high-temperature gas pipeline (108); the furnace body (101) is a sealed chamber structure made of refractory bricks; one side of the furnace body (101) is the carrier supply chamber (102) and the other side is the mixing chamber (103); the middle of the furnace body (101) is divided into a plurality of air flow channels by a plurality of partitions (104); the plurality of air flow channels are further divided into carrier channels (105) and high-temperature combustion channels (106) arranged at intervals; the two ends of each carrier channel (105) are respectively connected to the carrier supply chamber (102) and the mixing chamber (103); the two ends of each high-temperature combustion channel (106) are sealed; one side of the furnace body (101) is internally sealed. An air supply chamber (107) is provided, and an air delivery pipe (109) connected to the outside of the furnace body is provided on the air supply chamber (107); the air supply chamber (107) is respectively connected to the plurality of high-temperature combustion channels (106) through a plurality of combustion-aiding gas supply pipes (110); a high-temperature gas pipeline (108) is arranged outside the furnace body (101) and is respectively connected to the plurality of high-temperature combustion channels (106) through a plurality of high-temperature gas supply pipes (111); a carrier supply pipeline (112) is connected to the carrier supply chamber (102); a carrier output fan (9) is installed in the mixing chamber (103); the inlet of the carrier output fan (9) corresponds to the mixing chamber (103) and the outlet thereof is connected to the inlet end of the carrier delivery pipeline (10); and the plurality of high-temperature combustion channels (106) are all connected to a smoke exhaust pipe arranged outside the furnace body (101) through pipelines; The raw coal preheater (4) comprises a first shell (401), a feed trough (402), a material distribution cover (403), a diversion platform (404), a waste heat utilization pipe (405), a material drop trough (408) and an exhaust gas discharge pipe (406). The upper part of the first shell (401) is provided with a feed trough (402). The material drop end of the raw coal conveyor (8) is arranged at the upper entrance of the feed trough (402). The feed trough (402) is fixedly hoisted with a material distribution cover (403) via a plurality of connecting rods (410). The material distribution cover (403) is a circular shape with a closed upper end and an open lower end. A table-type cavity shell structure, a blocking ring (409) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first shell (401) corresponding to the lower edge of the material distribution cover (403), the upper part of the blocking ring (409) is provided with an inclined surface, and the bottom end of the inclined surface and the lower end of the material distribution cover (403) form a first blanking ring gap, the flow distribution table (404) is a truncated table-type cavity shell structure with both upper and lower ends closed, the upper part of the flow distribution table (404) is fixed to the inner lower part of the material distribution cover (403) through a plurality of connecting plates (407), and a plurality of connecting plates (407) are left between the material distribution cover (403) and the flow distribution table (404). The support has an air outlet gap, the outer edge of the lower end of the diverter table (404) and the lower end of the blocking ring (409) form a second blanking ring seam, and the second blanking ring seam is located below the first blanking ring seam, the inner side of the blocking ring (409) is evenly provided with a plurality of guide holes (411), the upper end of the guide hole (411) corresponds to the first blanking ring seam and the lower end corresponds to the second blanking ring seam, the lower part of the first shell (401) is provided with a conical blanking trough (408), the lower end outlet of the blanking trough (408) is connected to the feeding end of the rotary kiln (3), and one end of the waste heat utilization pipe (405) is connected to the feed end of the rotary kiln (3). One end of the exhaust pipe (406) is connected to the flue gas discharge pipe of the heat exchange furnace (1); the other end of the waste heat utilization pipe (405) extends into the material drop chute (408) in the first shell (401) and its outlet is aligned with the bottom surface of the diverter table (404); one end of the exhaust pipe (406) extends into the material feed chute (402) of the first shell (401) and passes through and is fixed inside the material distribution cover (403); the other end of the exhaust pipe (406) is connected to the inlet of the cyclone dust collector (5); the outlet of the cyclone dust collector (5) is connected to the main fan (6); and the outlet of the main fan (6) is connected to the desulfurization tower (7); The lower end outlet of the chute (408) of the raw coal preheater (4) is connected to the feed end of the rotary kiln (3), and the feed end of the rotary kiln (3) is also connected to a finished gas supply pipeline (11). The mixing chamber (103) of the heat exchange furnace (1) is connected to the discharge end of the rotary kiln (3) through a carrier conveying pipeline (10) and a carrier output fan (9). A cooler (2) is also installed at the discharge end of the rotary kiln (3). One side of the cooler (2) is connected to a cold air fan through a cold air pipe and the other side is provided with a hot air pipe. A finished product conveyor (13) is installed below the discharge port of the cooler (2); The cooler (2) comprises a second shell (201), the upper end of the second shell (201) is an open feed port (211) and a connecting flange (212) is installed on the feed port, the lower end of the second shell (201) is a funnel-shaped discharge port (213), the lower part of the second shell (201) is fixedly installed on a frame (214), the upper inner part of the second shell (201) is an air cooling zone (202) and the lower inner part is a water cooling zone (203), and the air cooling zone (20 2) is provided with a sealed air box (204) on both sides of the outer wall of the second shell (201), a plurality of air cooling pipes (205) are evenly and horizontally arranged in the air cooling zone (202), both ends of the air cooling pipes (205) penetrate to the outside of the second shell (201) and are respectively located in the two sealed air boxes (204), one of the sealed air boxes (204) is connected to the induced draft fan through a pipeline, and the other sealed air box (204) is connected to the waste heat collection pipe (206), an upper sealing plate (207) is sealed and fixed to the upper part of the water cooling zone (203), and a lower sealing plate (208) is sealed and fixed to the lower part of the water cooling zone (203), a sealed water tank is formed between the upper sealing plate (207) and the lower sealing plate (208), the lower part of the sealed water tank is connected to the water pump through a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe (215) is installed on the upper part of the sealed water tank, a support plate (209) is fixedly installed above the upper sealing plate (207), and a plurality of upper A vertical tube (210) with an open bottom, wherein the upper ends of the plurality of vertical tubes (210) are fixed on the support plate (209) and are not higher than the upper surface of the support plate (209), and the upper surface of the support plate (209) where no vertical tube (210) is provided is provided with an anti-piling cone tip, and the lower ends of the plurality of vertical tubes (210) penetrate the upper sealing plate (207) and the lower sealing plate (208), and the upper sealing plate (207) and the lower sealing plate (208) are sealedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of vertical tubes (210); The carrier output fan (9) comprises a motor (901), a rotating shaft (902), blades (903) and an air supply ring (904). The motor (901) is fixedly mounted on the top of the heat exchange furnace. The output shaft of the motor (901) points downward. The output shaft of the motor (901) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (902). A plurality of blades (903) are provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft (902). The rotating shaft (902) is an inner and outer hollow sleeve structure with a closed lower end. The inner hollow tube (921) of the rotating shaft (902) is fixedly sleeved on the outer hollow tube (92 2) The inner and outer hollow tubes are coaxially arranged, the inner parts of the plurality of fan blades (903) are all blades with a double-layer sealed cavity structure, the lower ends of the inner hollow tube (921) and the outer hollow tube (922) of the rotating shaft (902) are both in communication with the sealed cavity of the fan blade (903), the upper movable sleeve of the rotating shaft (902) is provided with an air supply ring (904), the air supply ring (904) is fixed to the motor (901) through a plurality of connecting pieces (905), the air supply ring (904) is an annular structure and an annular airflow cavity (904) is provided therein 6), the air flow cavity (906) is divided into two left and right air cavities by two partitions (907), an air inlet nozzle (908) is provided on the outer side of the air supply ring (904), and the air inlet nozzle (908) is connected to the right air cavity of the air flow cavity (906), an air outlet nozzle (909) is provided on the outer side of the air supply ring (904), and the air outlet nozzle (909) is connected to the left air cavity of the air flow cavity (906), the air inlet nozzle (908) is connected to the air inlet pipe (910), the air outlet nozzle (909) is connected to the air outlet pipe (911), and the rotating shaft (902) is connected to the rotating shaft (902). A vent (923) connecting the inner hollow tube (921) and the outside thereof is provided on one side of the rotating shaft, and the vent (923) is not connected to the outer hollow tube (922); an air leakage port (924) connecting the outer hollow tube (922) and the outside thereof is provided on the other side of the rotating shaft; the positions of the vent (923) and the air leakage port (924) correspond to the installation position of the air supply ring (904); through openings are respectively provided on both sides of the inner ring wall of the air supply ring (904), and the two through openings are both located on the rotational travel path of the vent (923) and the air leakage port (924).

2. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A distribution device (414) is installed at the lower end outlet of the material chute (408) of the raw coal preheater (4), and the distribution device (414) comprises a sealing shell (4141), a distribution pipe (4142), an adjustment rod (4143) and an adjustment knob (4144). The upper end of the sealing shell (4141) is sealedly connected to the lower part of the material chute (408) of the raw coal preheater (4), and the lower end thereof is sealedly connected to the inlet end of the rotary kiln (3). A fixing plate (4147) is provided at the inner upper part of the sealing shell (4141), and a through hole is provided on the fixing plate (4147) through which the material outlet of the raw coal preheater (4) is disposed. The through hole extends into the lower chamber of the sealing shell (4141); one side of the upper end of the distribution pipe (4142) is hinged on the fixed plate (4147); the discharge port of the raw coal preheater (4) extends into the interior of the inlet end of the distribution pipe (4142); the outlet end of the distribution pipe (4142) extends into the interior of the rotary kiln (3) and corresponds to the inner wall of the rotary kiln (3); one end of the adjustment rod (4143) is hinged to the middle of the distribution pipe (4142); the other end of the adjustment rod (4143) penetrates the outer wall of the sealing shell (4141) and is fixedly connected to the sealing shell (4141) through a nut-type adjustment knob (4144).

3. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The finished gas supply pipeline (11) is provided with a purification system (12).

4. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The carrier supply pipeline (112) of the heat exchange furnace (1) is connected to the finished gas supply pipeline (11).

5. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hot air pipe of the cooler (2) is connected to the air supply pipe (109) of the heat exchange furnace (1).

6. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A dust removal device is installed in the carrier supply chamber (102) of the heat exchange furnace (1).

7. The low-rank coal anaerobic upgrading and grading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A material guide inclined plate (412) is provided on the inner wall of the middle and lower part of the first shell (401) of the raw coal preheater (4), and the material guide inclined plate (412) is located directly below the second blanking annular seam. A plurality of stirring mechanisms (413) are installed on the first shell (401), and the stirring mechanisms (413) include a conduit, a push block, a push rod and a pressure plate. The conduit is fixed on the inner wall of the first shell (401) and its outlet corresponds to the material guide inclined plate (412). The push rod is movably installed in the conduit, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the push block and the other end thereof passes through the outside of the first shell (401) and is hinged on the pressure plate. The upper end of the pressure plate is hinged on the outer wall of the first shell (401), and a power push-pull device is provided on the pressure plate.

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