A variable polarization antenna unit

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable polarization antenna unit, which comprises a first vibrator and a second vibrator with the same structure and symmetrically arranged to each other, wherein the first vibrator and the second vibrator are both of right-angled trapezoidal structure; the invention combines two antenna units of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization, and arranges them according to a ninety-degree phase difference to radiate circularly polarized waveforms; the system can also emit elliptically polarized electromagnetic wave signals and obliquely polarized electromagnetic wave signals through phase control, and can arbitrarily transform the three polarizations through an antenna switching switch in a machine room, which not only reduces the cost but also saves space resources for tower installation compared to the traditional three sets of antennas installed separately; in addition, the invention adopts a vibrator of right-angled trapezoidal structure and arranges it alternately in forward and reverse directions, which can not only effectively prevent the vibrators from contacting in space but also greatly expand the bandwidth, so that the antenna effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of broadcast television transmitting antennas, in particular to a variable polarization antenna unit. Background Art

[0002] In the UHF frequency band, the polarization modes of radio and television transmitting antennas usually include horizontal, vertical and circular polarization. An antenna can only be one of the three polarization modes. In the existing transmitting antenna units, there is only one polarization mode in one unit. Since the polarization mode takes into account factors such as weather, terrain and time period, the polarization modes to be adopted are also different. Therefore, unit boards with three polarization modes are usually installed on the transmitting station, which not only occupies the installation space resources on the transmitting tower, but also requires the installation of multiple switching switches for switching at any time, which not only consumes a lot of cost, but is also extremely inconvenient for the staff. Therefore, the present invention provides a new antenna unit, a unit board integrating vertical, horizontal and circular polarization modes, which can switch the polarization mode at any time. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the traditional antenna unit requires unit boards of three polarization modes to be installed on the transmission tower at the same time, which wastes a lot of costs and resources, and the switching is troublesome and very inconvenient.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a variable polarization antenna unit, comprising a first dipole and a second dipole with the same structure and symmetrically arranged, the first dipole and the second dipole are both right-angled trapezoidal structures; the first dipole and the second dipole have at least one corresponding right-angled side parallel to each other; a first radiation component, comprising four dipoles, namely a first vertical dipole and a second vertical dipole with the same structure and symmetrically arranged, and a first horizontal dipole and a second horizontal dipole with the same structure and symmetrically arranged, the four dipoles are centrally symmetrically distributed; the first vertical dipole and the second vertical dipole are respectively The acute-angle ends of the straight dipole and the second vertical dipole are opposite to the acute-angle ends of the first horizontal dipole and the second horizontal dipole; the installation component includes a unit board, a first feeder tube, a second feeder tube, a third feeder tube, a fourth feeder tube, a first support seat and a second support seat; the first feeder tube and the second feeder tube have the same structure and are vertically symmetrically arranged on the unit board, the third feeder tube and the fourth feeder tube are vertically parallel and have the same structure, and are arranged between the first feeder tube and the second feeder tube, and the first support seat and the second support seat have the same structure and are arranged at both ends of the same side of the third feeder tube.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the variable polarization antenna unit described in the present invention, wherein: the first horizontal dipole and the second horizontal dipole also include a second conductor tube, a support tube and a second pressure plate, the second conductor tube and the support tube are internally connected, one end face of the second conductor tube is flush with one end face of the support tube, and the second pressure plate has the same structure as the first pressure plate and is connected to the second conductor tube and the end face of the support tube on the flush side by bolts.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the variable polarization antenna unit described in the present invention, wherein: the first horizontal dipole and the second horizontal dipole also include a second conductor tube, a support tube and a second pressure plate, the second conductor tube and the support tube are internally connected, one end face of the second conductor tube is flush with one end face of the support tube, the second pressure plate has the same structure as the first pressure plate and is connected to the end faces of the second conductor tube and the support tube on the flush side by bolts; the first vertical dipole and the second vertical dipole also include a first conductor tube, a compensation tube and a first pressure plate, the first conductor tube and the compensation tube are internally connected, the two end faces of the first conductor tube and the two end faces of the compensation tube are flush with each other, and the first pressure plate is bolted to connect the end faces of the same end of the first conductor tube and the compensation tube.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the variable polarization antenna unit described in the present invention, wherein: the first dipole of the first vertical dipole is arranged on the first conductor tube, the second dipole is arranged on the compensation tube and the first dipole and the second dipole are located at two ends of the first pressure plate, and the second vertical dipole has the same structure as the first vertical dipole; the first dipole of the first horizontal dipole is arranged on the second conductor tube, the second dipole is arranged on the supporting tube and the first dipole and the second dipole are located at two ends of the first pressure plate, and the second horizontal dipole has the same structure as the first horizontal dipole.

[0010] The present invention also provides a variable polarization antenna unit, wherein: one end of the first conductor tube and the compensation tube of the first vertical dipole are connected to the first pressure plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first feeder tube; one end of the first conductor tube and the compensation tube of the second vertical dipole are connected to the first pressure plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second feeder tube; the first conductor tube is respectively connected to the inside of the first feeder tube and the second feeder tube.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the variable polarization antenna unit described in the present invention, one end of the second conductor tube of the first horizontal dipole is connected to the second pressure plate, and the other end is connected to one end of the top surface of the third feeder tube and communicated with the interior of the third feeder tube; one end of the support tube of the first horizontal dipole is connected to the second pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the first support seat; one end of the second conductor tube of the second horizontal dipole is connected to the second pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the other end of the top surface of the third feeder tube and communicated with the interior of the third feeder tube; one end of the support tube of the second horizontal dipole is connected to the second pressure plate, and the other end is connected to the first support seat; the first vibrator and the second vibrator are perpendicular to the unit plate in space.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the variable polarization antenna unit described in the present invention, it also includes: a second radiating component, which has the same structure as the first radiating component and is parallel in the vertical direction; the first horizontal dipole and the second horizontal dipole of the second radiating component are arranged at both ends of the top surface of the fourth feeder tube; one end of the top surface of the first feeder tube is connected to the first vertical dipole of the first radiating component, and the other end is connected to the first vertical dipole of the second radiating component; one end of the top surface of the second feeder tube is connected to the second vertical dipole of the first radiating component, and the other end is connected to the second vertical dipole of the second radiating component.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the variable polarization antenna unit described in the present invention, wherein: the installation assembly also includes a feeder seat, which is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the unit board; the feeder seat includes a feeder disk, a connecting pipe and a fixed pipe, the fixed pipe is respectively connected to the first feeder tube and the second feeder tube, the connecting pipe and the fixed pipe are vertically connected and internally connected, a circular hole is arranged in the center of the feeder disk, and one end of the connecting pipe passes through the circular hole and is fixedly connected.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention centrally arranges three unit modules of vertical polarization, horizontal polarization and circular polarization in the same set of antenna units, and the three polarization modes are different in different weather, different terrain and different situations, and the polarization modes adopted by the three polarization modes are also varied, and the manpower, material resources and financial resources consumed by the separate polarization are even greater; at the same time, the horizontal oscillator and the vertical oscillator are made to differ in phase by 90° through the feeder so that the electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the antenna is circularly polarized. Of course, this system can also emit elliptically polarized electromagnetic wave signals and obliquely polarized electromagnetic wave signals through phase control. In this way, the three polarizations can be arbitrarily transformed through the antenna switching switch in the machine room. Compared with the traditional three sets of antennas installed separately, it not only reduces the cost, but also saves the space resources for the installation of the iron tower; in addition, the present invention adopts the oscillator of the right-angle trapezoidal structure and arranges it alternately in positive and negative directions, which can not only effectively prevent the contact of the oscillator in space, but also greatly expand the bandwidth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the vibrator placement and installation in the first embodiment.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the first radiation component in the first embodiment.

[0018] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the installation components in the second embodiment.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the first radiation component and the second radiation component in the second embodiment.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a position structure diagram of the feeder base and the unit board in the second embodiment.

[0021] Figure 6 It is an assembly diagram of the overall structure of the antenna unit in the second embodiment.

[0022] Figure 7 It is the horizontal field waveform diagram in the second embodiment.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a vertical field waveform diagram in the second embodiment.

[0024] Fig. 9This is a waveform diagram radiated by two variable polarization antenna units adjacently installed on the transmission tower in the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , 2 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a variable polarization antenna unit, which includes a first radiation element 100.

[0030] The first radiation component 100 includes a first vertical dipole 101, a second vertical dipole 102, a first horizontal dipole 103 and a second horizontal dipole 104; the first vertical dipole 101 and the second vertical dipole 102 have the same structure, and the first horizontal dipole 103 and the second horizontal dipole 104 have the same structure. Specifically, the first vertical dipole 101, the first horizontal dipole 103, the second vertical dipole 102 and the second horizontal dipole 104 alternately surround a square, and the four dipoles are distributed symmetrically with respect to the center.

[0031] Further, the first vertical dipole 101, the second vertical dipole 102, the first horizontal dipole 103 and the second horizontal dipole 104 all include a first oscillator A and a second oscillator B. The first oscillator A and the second oscillator B have the same structure and are in a "right-angled trapezoid" structure. The first oscillator A and the second oscillator B have at least one corresponding right-angled side parallel to each other. The first oscillator A and the second oscillator B are symmetrically arranged and the right-angled sides where the acute-angled ends are located are relatively close, and the right-angled sides where the obtuse-angled ends are located are far away. Specifically, the first oscillator A in the first vertical dipole 101 and the second vertical dipole 102 The acute-angle ends of the first and second dipoles 101, 102 and 103 are oriented in opposite directions to the acute-angle ends of the first and second dipoles 103, 104. In the same plane, the first and second dipoles 104, 103 and 104 are oriented in opposite directions to each other, which can effectively prevent the influence caused by the contact between the dipoles. When the electromagnetic waves generated by the feed line are transmitted through the dipoles, the arrangement of feeding the adjacent first vertical dipole 101, second vertical dipole 102, first horizontal dipole 103 and second horizontal dipole 104 with a phase difference of ninety degrees will produce a circularly polarized waveform.

[0032] The first vertical dipole 101 and the second vertical dipole 102 have the same structure, and both include a first conductor tube 102a, a compensation tube 102b and a first pressure plate 102c. Specifically, the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b are internally connected and have the same diameter and height. The first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b are arranged in parallel, and the two end faces of the first conductor tube 102a and the two end faces of the compensation tube 102b are respectively flush with each other; the first pressure plate 102c is located on one side of the same flush end of the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b, and the first pressure plate 102c is pressed on the end faces of the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b and then fixedly connected by bolts, so that the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b are relatively fixed and maintain a certain distance.

[0033] Furthermore, the first vibrator A is fixedly connected to the first conductor tube 102a, and the second vibrator B is fixedly connected to the compensation tube 102b. Specifically, the first vibrator A and the second vibrator B are located at both ends of the first pressure plate 102c and the two side panels are symmetrically arranged parallel to each other. The first vibrator A and the second vibrator B remain vertically and fixedly connected relative to the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b.

[0034] The first horizontal dipole 103 and the second horizontal dipole 104 have the same structure, and both include a second conductor tube 103a, a support tube 103b and a second pressure plate 103c. Specifically, the second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b are internally connected and have the same diameter. The second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b are arranged in parallel. One end face of the second conductor tube 103a is flush with one end face of the support tube 103b, and the other end faces of the two may be flush or not. The second pressure plate 103c is located on one side of the flush end of the second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b. The second pressure plate 103c is pressed on the end faces of the second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b and then fixedly connected by bolts, so that the second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b are relatively fixed and maintain a certain distance.

[0035] Furthermore, the first vibrator A is fixedly connected to the second conductor tube 103a, and the second vibrator B is fixedly connected to the support tube 103b. Specifically, the first vibrator A and the second vibrator B are located at both ends of the second pressure plate 103c and the two side panels are symmetrically arranged parallel to each other. The first vibrator A and the second vibrator B remain vertical and fixedly connected relative to the second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b.

[0036] The feed line is connected to the first oscillator A through the first conductor tube 102a and the second conductor tube 103a. The generated electromagnetic wave is transmitted from the first oscillator A to the second oscillator B in the same dipole and then radiated into space due to the short-circuit effect of the first pressure plate 102c and the second pressure plate 103c. The vertical dipole and the horizontal dipole are fed with an equal-amplitude ninety-degree phase difference, and the electromagnetic wave is radiated in space as circular polarization.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] Reference Figures 3~9 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment and further includes a mounting component 200 and a second radiation component 300.

[0039] The installation component 200 includes a unit plate 201, a first feeder tube 202, a second feeder tube 203, a third feeder tube 204, a fourth feeder tube 207, a first support base 205 and a second support base 206. Specifically, the first radiation component 100 and the second radiation component 300 are both installed on the unit plate 201, and can be directly connected to the first conductor tube 102a and the second conductor tube 103a in the first radiation component 100 and the second radiation component 300 respectively through feeders. At this time, the electromagnetic waves are directly transmitted to the vibrator and radiated out.

[0040] The first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203 have the same structure and are vertically symmetrically arranged on both sides of the unit plate 201; the third feeder tube 204 and the fourth feeder tube 207 have the same structure, are parallel in the vertical direction and are both arranged between the first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203, and the first feeder tube 202, the second feeder tube 203, the third feeder tube 204 and the fourth feeder tube 207 are internally connected and bolted to the unit plate 201.

[0041] Furthermore, one end of the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b of the first vertical dipole 101 is connected to the first pressure plate 102c, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first feeder tube 202; one end of the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b of the second vertical dipole 102 is connected to the first pressure plate 102c, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second feeder tube 203; the first conductor tube 102a is connected to the inside of the first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203 respectively; one end of the second conductor tube 103a of the first horizontal dipole 103 is connected to the second pressure plate 103c, and the other end is connected to the top surface of the third feeder tube 204. end and is connected to the interior of the third feeder tube 204, one end of the support tube 103b of the first horizontal dipole 103 is connected to the second pressure plate 103c, and the other end is connected to the first support seat 205, one end of the second conductor tube 103a of the second horizontal dipole 104 is connected to the second pressure plate 103c, and the other end is connected to the other end of the top surface of the third feeder tube 204 and is connected to the interior of the third feeder tube 204, one end of the support tube 103b of the second horizontal dipole 104 is connected to the second pressure plate 103c, and the other end is connected to the first support seat 205; the first oscillator A and the second oscillator B in the vertical dipole and the horizontal dipole are both perpendicular to the unit plate in space.

[0042] Furthermore, the second radiation component 300 and the first radiation component 100 are parallel in the vertical direction. Specifically, the first horizontal dipole 103 and the second horizontal dipole 104 of the second radiation component 300 are arranged at two ends of the top surface of the fourth feeder tube 207, one end of the top surface of the first feeder tube 202 is connected to the first vertical dipole 101 of the first radiation component 100, and the other end is connected to the first vertical dipole 101 of the second radiation component 300, one end of the top surface of the second feeder tube 203 is connected to the second vertical dipole 102 of the first radiation component 100, and the other end is connected to the second vertical dipole 102 of the second radiation component 300.

[0043] Furthermore, the installation component 200 also includes a feeder seat 208, which is arranged on the bottom surface of the unit plate 201. The feeder seat 208 is arranged relative to the position of the first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203, and the feeder seat 208 is respectively connected with the first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203. Specifically, the feeder seat 208 includes a feeder disk 208a, a connecting tube 208b and a fixed tube 208c, the fixed tube 208c is respectively connected with the first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203, the connecting tube 208b and the fixed tube 208c are vertically connected and internally connected, and a circular hole 208d is set in the center of the feeder disk 208a, and one end of the connecting tube 208b passes through the circular hole 208d and is fixedly connected.

[0044] During horizontal polarization, the feeder passes through one end of the third feeder tube 204 and the fourth feeder tube 207 respectively. This embodiment is described only for the first radiation component 100. The feeder connects the first horizontal dipole 103 and the second conductor tube 103a in the second horizontal dipole 104 and then radiates from the first vibrator A. At the same time, the support tube 103b plays the role of supporting the component and open circuit compensation. Under the action of the second pressure plate 103c, the second conductor tube 103a and the support tube 103b are short-circuited, and the electromagnetic wave of the first vibrator A is transmitted to the second vibrator B for outward radiation. The electromagnetic wave is horizontally polarized, such as Figure 7 Shown is the horizontal field waveform.

[0045] During vertical polarization, the feeder is connected from the feeder base 208, respectively, and connected to the inside of the first feeder tube 202 and the second feeder tube 203. Taking the first radiation component 100 as an example, the feeder is then connected to the first conductor tube 102a of the first vertical dipole 101 and the second vertical dipole 102, and then radiated from the first oscillator A. At the same time, the compensation tube 102b plays the role of open circuit compensation. Under the action of the first pressure plate 102c, the first conductor tube 102a and the compensation tube 102b are short-circuited, and the electromagnetic wave of the first oscillator A is conducted to the second oscillator B for outward radiation. The electromagnetic wave is vertically polarized, such as Figure 8 Shown is the vertical field waveform.

[0046] The feeders led out of the third feeder tube 204 and the fourth feeder tube 207 are classified into one category, and the feeders led out of the feeder base 208 are classified into another category. When the two work at the same time, since the oscillators in the first vertical dipole 101, the first horizontal dipole 103, the second vertical dipole 102 and the second horizontal dipole 104 alternately surround a square, and are arranged at 90 degrees in the same plane, the horizontal oscillator and the vertical oscillator have a phase difference of 90 degrees, and the electromagnetic wave is circularly polarized, such as Fig. 9 Shown is the field waveform radiated by two adjacent variable polarization antenna units of the transmission tower.

[0047] In order to achieve the best electromagnetic wave radiation effect, all dipoles are placed 0.25-0.3 wavelengths above the emitting plate, horizontal dipoles are arranged at 0.5 wavelengths in the vertical direction, vertical dipoles are arranged at 0.5 wavelengths in the horizontal direction and 1 wavelength in the vertical direction.

[0048] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a number of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, changes in orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to an alternative embodiment. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0049] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment may not be described (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention).

[0050] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0051] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable polarization antenna unit, characterized in that: It comprises a first vibrator (A) and a second vibrator (B) of the same structure and symmetrically arranged with each other, wherein the first vibrator (A) and the second vibrator (B) are both of right-angle trapezoidal structure; The first vibrator (A) and the second vibrator (B) have at least one corresponding right-angled side parallel to each other; A first radiation component (100) comprising four dipoles, namely a first vertical dipole (101) and a second vertical dipole (102) having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged, and a first horizontal dipole (103) and a second horizontal dipole (104) having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged, wherein the four dipoles are centrally symmetrically distributed; The acute angle ends of the first vertical dipole (101) and the second vertical dipole (102) are oriented in the opposite direction to the acute angle ends of the first horizontal dipole (103) and the second horizontal dipole (104); The installation assembly (200) comprises a unit plate (201), a first feeder tube (202), a second feeder tube (203), a third feeder tube (204), a fourth feeder tube (207), a first support seat (205), and a second support seat (206); The installation assembly (200) further comprises a feeder seat (208), wherein the feeder seat (208) is vertically arranged on the bottom surface of the unit plate (201); The first feeder tube (202) and the second feeder tube (203) have the same structure and are vertically symmetrically arranged on the unit board (201); the third feeder tube (204) and the fourth feeder tube (207) are vertically parallel and have the same structure and are arranged between the first feeder tube (202) and the second feeder tube (203); the first support seat (205) and the second support seat (206) have the same structure and are arranged at two ends of the same side of the third feeder tube (204); The first horizontal dipole (103) and the second horizontal dipole (104) further comprise a second conductor tube (103a), a support tube (103b) and a second pressure plate (103c); the second conductor tube (103a) and the support tube (103b) are internally connected; one end surface of the second conductor tube (103a) is flush with one end surface of the support tube (103b); the second pressure plate (103c) has the same structure as the first pressure plate (102c) and is connected to the end surfaces of the second conductor tube (103a) and the support tube (103b) on the flush side by bolts; The first vertical dipole (101) and the second vertical dipole (102) further comprise a first conductor tube (102a), a compensation tube (102b) and a first pressing plate (102c); the first conductor tube (102a) and the compensation tube (102b) are internally connected; two end surfaces of the first conductor tube (102a) and two end surfaces of the compensation tube (102b) are flush with each other; and the first pressing plate (102c) is bolted to connect the end surfaces of the first conductor tube (102a) and the compensation tube (102b) at the same end; The feeder lines pass through one end of the third feeder tube (204) and the fourth feeder tube (207) respectively, the feeder lines connect the first horizontal dipole (103) and the second conductor tube (103a) in the second horizontal dipole (104), and then radiate out from the first vibrator (A); at the same time, the support tube (103b) plays the role of supporting components and open circuit compensation; under the action of the second pressure plate (103c), the second conductor tube (103a) and the support tube (103b) are short-circuited, and the electromagnetic wave of the first vibrator (A) is transmitted to the second vibrator (B) for outward radiation, and the electromagnetic wave is horizontally polarized; The feeder lines are connected from the feeder base (208) to connect the first feeder tube (202) and the second feeder tube (203). The feeder lines are then connected to the first conductor tubes (102a) in the first vertical dipole (101) and the second vertical dipole (102) and then radiated from the first oscillator (A). At the same time, the compensation tube (102b) plays the role of open circuit compensation. Under the action of the first pressure plate (102c), the first conductor tube (102a) and the compensation tube (102b) are short-circuited. The electromagnetic wave of the first oscillator (A) is transmitted to the second oscillator (B) to radiate outward, and the electromagnetic wave is vertically polarized. The feed line is connected to the first oscillator (A) through the first conductor tube (102a) and the second conductor tube (103a), and the generated electromagnetic wave is transmitted from the first oscillator (A) to the second oscillator (B) in the same dipole due to the short-circuit effect of the first pressure plate (102c) and the second pressure plate (103c), and then radiated into space, while the vertical dipole and the horizontal dipole are fed with an equal amplitude of 90 degrees phase difference, and the electromagnetic wave is radiated in the space in a circularly polarized manner.

2. The variable polarization antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vibrator (A) of the first vertical dipole (101) is arranged on the first conductor tube (102a), the second vibrator (B) is arranged on the compensation tube (102b), and the first vibrator (A) and the second vibrator (B) are located at two ends of the first pressing plate (102c), and the second vertical dipole (102) has the same structure as the first vertical dipole (101); The first vibrator (A) of the first horizontal dipole (103) is arranged on the second conductor tube (103a), the second vibrator (B) is arranged on the support tube (103b), and the first vibrator (A) and the second vibrator (B) are located at two ends of the first pressing plate (102c), and the structure of the second horizontal dipole (104) is the same as that of the first horizontal dipole (103).

3. The variable polarization antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the first conductor tube (102a) and the compensation tube (102b) of the first vertical dipole (101) is connected to the first pressure plate (102c), and the other end is fixedly connected to the top surface of the first feeder tube (202); one end of the first conductor tube (102a) and the compensation tube (102b) of the second vertical dipole (102) is connected to the first pressure plate (102c), and the other end is fixedly connected to the top surface of the second feeder tube (203); the first conductor tube (102a) is respectively connected to the inside of the first feeder tube (202) and the second feeder tube (203).

4. The variable polarization antenna unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the second conductor tube (103a) of the first horizontal dipole (103) is connected to the second pressing plate (103c), and the other end is connected to one end of the top surface of the third feeder tube (204) and communicates with the inside of the third feeder tube (204); one end of the support tube (103b) of the first horizontal dipole (103) is connected to the second pressing plate (103c), and the other end is connected to the first support seat (205); one end of the second conductor tube (103a) of the second horizontal dipole (104) is connected to the second pressing plate (103c), and the other end is connected to the other end of the top surface of the third feeder tube (204) and communicates with the inside of the third feeder tube (204); one end of the support tube (103b) of the second horizontal dipole (104) is connected to the second pressing plate (103c), and the other end is connected to the first support seat (205); The first vibrator (A) and the second vibrator (B) are perpendicular to the unit plate (201) in space.

5. The variable polarization antenna unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also comprises a second radiation component (300), wherein the second radiation component (300) has the same structure as the first radiation component (100) and is parallel in the vertical direction; The first horizontal dipole (103) and the second horizontal dipole (104) of the second radiation component (300) are arranged at two ends of the top surface of the fourth feeder tube (207); One end of the top surface of the first feeder tube (202) is connected to the first vertical dipole (101) of the first radiation component (100), and the other end is connected to the first vertical dipole (101) of the second radiation component (300); one end of the top surface of the second feeder tube (203) is connected to the second vertical dipole (102) of the first radiation component (100), and the other end is connected to the second vertical dipole (102) of the second radiation component (300).

6. The variable polarization antenna unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeder base (208) comprises a feeder tray (208a), a connecting pipe (208b) and a fixed pipe (208c); the fixed pipe (208c) is connected to the first feeder pipe (202) and the second feeder pipe (203) respectively; the connecting pipe (208b) and the fixed pipe (208c) are vertically connected and internally connected; a circular hole (208d) is provided at the center of the feeder tray (208a); one end of the connecting pipe (208b) passes through the circular hole (208d) and is fixedly connected.

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