A battery module based on battery cell string

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery module based on a cell string, including a mouth-shaped plate frame and a cell array. The mouth-shaped plate frame is a plate frame with two ends opened and surrounded by four long strip plates. The cell array is a square array composed of an even number of cell strings. The cell array is sealed in the mouth-shaped plate frame by a front-end component and a rear-end component. The cell string is formed by connecting a plurality of cells with electrode poles of a long strip structure arranged at both ends. The electrode polarities of adjacent cell strings are arranged in opposite directions and connected in series through the poles of the end electrodes. The cell strings on both sides are respectively connected to the output electrode ears at the front end. Each cell is provided with a single-core collection board and an explosion-proof valve, and the single-core collection board is provided with a voltage terminal and a temperature terminal. The voltage terminal and the temperature terminal are collected to the collection interface at the rear end through a collection collection frame. A heat conduction structure is provided at the bottom of the cell. The present invention improves the energy density of the battery pack assembled by optimizing the design of the cell and the battery module as a whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a battery module. Background Art

[0002] Under the prior art, the positive and negative electrodes of the square cells used to make up the battery pack are usually located on the top surface. When the battery pack is assembled, the cells need to be connected with corresponding accessories. These connecting accessories take up a lot of space, resulting in a decrease in the energy density of the entire battery pack. To this end, patent documents CN 102104167A and CN 110518174 A both disclose internal series batteries. This internal series battery increases the voltage of the single cell and reduces external connectors, thereby increasing the overall energy density of the battery pack. This internal series battery is essentially a series of multiple batteries. This battery cannot monitor a single cell, and the monitoring is based on the battery after series connection. On the other hand, due to the internal series connection, the battery assembly is complicated and it is easy to fail after assembly. For example, due to internal devices or assembly reasons, it is easy to cause the electrolyte between the cells to circulate. Summary of the invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is: to improve the space utilization efficiency of the battery pack by optimizing the design of the battery cell and the battery module as a whole, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery pack.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A battery module based on a cell string, comprising a mouth-shaped plate frame and a cell array; the mouth-shaped plate frame is a plate frame with two ends opened and surrounded by four long strip plates; the two ends of the mouth-shaped plate frame are respectively the front end and the rear end; the cell array is a square array composed of an even number of cell strings; the cell array is sealed in the mouth-shaped plate frame by a front end component arranged at the front end opening and a rear end component arranged at the rear end opening; the front end component comprises an output electrode tab; the cell string comprises a plurality of cells; the cell is in a long square structure, and the poles of its two electrodes are respectively located at its two ends; the cell string is formed by welding the pole of the positive pole of one cell to the pole of the negative pole of the other cell and then connecting them in series; the two ends of the cell string are respectively located at the front end and the rear end; the electrode polarities of adjacent cell strings are arranged in opposite directions; the poles of the electrodes at the ends of adjacent cell strings are connected in series; the cell strings at the farthest sides are respectively connected to the output electrode tabs at the front ends.

[0006] Furthermore, the front-end component also includes a front-end bar frame plate, a series bar, a front-end insulating plate and a front-end end plate; the front-end end plate is provided with a pole ear support and is fixedly connected to the mouth-shaped plate frame; the front-end bar frame is arranged close to the front end face of the battery cell array; the series bar is arranged in the bar ear groove of the front-end bar frame plate and connected to the pole of the end electrode of the battery cell string; the front-end insulating plate is arranged between the front-end bar frame plate and the front-end end plate and is close to the front-end bar frame plate; one end of the output electrode pole ear is arranged in the pole ear groove of the front-end bar frame plate and connected to the pole of the end electrode of the battery cell string, and the other end is arranged on the pole ear support after passing through the pole ear hole on the front-end insulating plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the rear-end component includes a rear-end bar frame, a series bar, a rear-end insulating plate and a rear-end end plate; the rear-end end plate is fixedly connected to the mouth-shaped plate frame; the rear-end bar frame is arranged close to the rear-end end face of the battery cell array; the series bar is arranged in the bar groove of the rear-end bar frame and connected to the pole of the end electrode of the battery cell string; the rear-end insulating plate is arranged between the rear-end bar frame and the rear-end end plate, and is close to the rear-end bar frame.

[0008] Furthermore, a single-core collection board is provided at the negative end of the battery cell; the single-core collection board includes a back plate, a voltage detection terminal, a temperature detection terminal, a temperature sensor, a voltage pole bonding plate and a thermal conductive pole bonding plate; the back plate is tightly attached to the end face of the negative end of the battery cell; the voltage detection terminal, the temperature detection terminal, the temperature sensor, the voltage pole bonding plate and the thermal conductive pole bonding plate are arranged on the back plate; the voltage pole bonding plate and the thermal conductive pole bonding plate are connected to the pole of the negative end of the battery cell; the voltage detection terminal and the voltage pole bonding plate are electrically connected; the temperature detection terminal and the temperature sensor are electrically connected; the thermal conductive pole bonding plate is connected to the temperature sensor through a thermal conductive layer.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a collection and collection rack; the collection and collection rack includes a collection interface and a plurality of terminal connectors; the terminal connectors correspond to and are connected to the voltage detection terminals and temperature detection terminals of the single-core collection board on the battery cell; and each terminal connector is connected to the collection interface.

[0010] Furthermore, an interface frame is arranged on the rear end plate; and the collection interface is arranged on the interface frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the voltage detection terminal and the temperature detection terminal include a terminal shell and a connector pin arranged in the terminal shell; wherein, a connector pin is arranged in the terminal shell of the voltage detection terminal, and two separated connector pins are arranged in the terminal shell of the temperature detection terminal; the terminal shell is square and is provided with a plug accommodating cavity with an opening at the top; the connector pin is accommodated in the plug accommodating cavity and is vertically arranged; the side plate of the terminal shell is provided with a buckle opening; the terminal connector includes a plug body and a spring plate; the plug body is a square structure; there are two spring plates; the two spring plates are respectively arranged on the back sides of the two sides of the plug body; a buckle protrusion is provided on the spring plate; when the plug body of the terminal connector is inserted into the plug accommodating cavity, the spring plate contracts inwardly, and relying on the elasticity of the spring plate itself, the buckle protrusion on the spring plate is snapped into the buckle opening.

[0012] Furthermore, the collection and aggregation rack also includes a transverse support bar and a longitudinal support bar arranged on the top surface of the battery cell array; the terminal connectors are arranged on the transverse support bar and the longitudinal support bar; the longitudinal support bar is arranged along the front and rear end direction of the battery module, connected to and perpendicular to the transverse support bar; the collection interface is connected to the transverse support bar.

[0013] Furthermore, a buffer pad is provided between the battery cells of a battery cell string and the battery cells of an adjacent battery cell string; and the transverse support bar is provided with a buffer convex bridge.

[0014] Furthermore, a collecting support frame is provided between the collecting and collecting frame and the top plate of the mouth-shaped plate frame.

[0015] Furthermore, a layer of insulating film is provided on the surface of the battery cell; battery cell guards are provided at both ends of the battery cell; the battery cell guards are used to suspend the battery cell so that the battery cell is insulated and isolated from the four panels of the square frame.

[0016] Furthermore, a heat conducting layer is provided between the battery core and the bottom plate of the mouth-shaped frame.

[0017] Furthermore, an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the top surface of the battery cell; a plurality of explosion holes are arranged on the top plate of the square-shaped plate frame; and the positions of the explosion holes correspond to the positions of the explosion-proof valves of each battery cell.

[0018] The technical effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention optimizes the design of the battery cells and the battery module as a whole, so that the battery module structure is compact and the battery module accessories occupy less space, thereby improving the overall energy density, and the interaction between the battery module and different functions of the outside world is in different directions. For example, the high-voltage interface and the low-voltage interface are respectively located at both ends of the module, the heat exchange is located at the bottom of the module, and the explosion-proof design is located on the top surface. This facilitates the optimization of the battery pack structure, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an overall structural exploded view of a battery module embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery module embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded view of the battery string.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the joints of the cells in a cell string.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a front end exploded view of a battery module embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a rear end exploded view of a battery module embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the negative terminal of the battery cell.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the collection and aggregation rack.

[0027] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of the dotted box.

[0028] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the front end bar frame plate.

[0029] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the front-end bar frame plate.

[0030] Fig.12 It is a structural diagram of the battery cell frame.

[0031] Fig.13 It is an exploded diagram between the voltage detection terminal, temperature detection terminal and terminal connector.

[0032] Fig.14 It is a connection diagram of the battery cell poles and the series-connected bars.

[0033] in,

[0034] 101 is a mouth-shaped plate frame, 102 is a battery cell array, 103 is a front-end component, 104 is a rear-end component, 105 is a collection and collection component, 108 is a front end, 109 is a rear end, 1 is an L-shaped plate, 11 is a top plate, 12 is a side plate, 121 is an extension of the end of the side plate, 13 is a bottom plate, 14 is an explosion hole, 15 is a heat-conducting layer, 151 is a heat-conducting insulating structural adhesive, 16 is a collection support frame, and 19 is a battery cell accommodating cavity;

[0035] 200 is a battery string, 21 is a battery cell, 211 is a pole, 2111 is a pole slot, 212 is an explosion-proof valve, 213 is an insulating film, 219 is a pole welding seam, 21N is a negative terminal of the battery cell, 21P is a positive terminal of the battery cell, 22 is a single-core collection board, 221 is a back plate, 222 is a voltage detection terminal, 223 is a temperature detection terminal, 224 is a temperature sensor, 225 is a voltage pole bonding plate, 226 is a heat-conducting pole bonding plate, 227 is a heat-conducting layer, 23 is a battery cell guard, 231 is an end support plate, 232 is a side support plate, 233 is a top support plate, 234 is a bottom support plate, 235 is a pole collection plate avoidance hole, and 29 is a buffer pad;

[0036] 31 is the front end bar plate, 311 is the bar plate slot, 312 is the pole hole, 313 is the pole ear slot, 314 is the collection board avoidance slot, 32 is the serial bar plate, 321 is the positioning convex strip, 33 is the output electrode pole ear, 34 is the front end insulation plate, 341 is the pole ear hole, 35 is the front end inner plate, 36 is the front end plate, 361 is the support member slot, 362 is the pole ear seat jack, 363 is the front end plate side, 364 is the front end mounting hole, 37 is the pole ear support member, 371 is the pole ear support slot, 372 is the pole ear seat plug;

[0037] 41 is the rear plate frame, 42 is the rear insulation plate, 43 is the rear inner plate, 44 is the rear end plate, 441 is the interface frame socket, 443 is the rear end plate side, and 444 is the rear mounting hole;

[0038] 51 is a collection rack, 511 is a transverse support bar, 512 is a longitudinal support bar, 513 is a terminal connector, 514 is a buffer convex bridge, 52 is a collection interface, 53 is an interface rack, 531 is an interface rack table panel, and 532 is an interface rack socket;

[0039] 61 is a terminal housing, 62 is a connector pin, 63 is a connector receiving cavity, and 64 is a buckle opening;

[0040] 91 is the plug body, 92 is the spring plate, and 93 is the buckle protrusion;

[0041] F is the direction of the front and rear ends of the battery module, and the arrow F points from the rear end of the battery module to the front end of the battery module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a battery module based on a cell string includes a mouth-shaped plate frame 101, a cell array 102, a front-end component 103, a rear-end component 104, and a collection and collection component 105. The mouth-shaped plate frame 101 is a plate frame with two ends open and surrounded by four long strips of plate bodies. The four long strips of plate bodies are respectively a top plate 11, two side plates 12, and a bottom plate 13. In this embodiment, the mouth-shaped plate frame 101 is formed by two long L-shaped plates 1 that are buckled and welded, wherein one L-shaped plate 1 includes a side plate 12 and a top plate 11, and the other L-shaped plate 1 includes another side plate 12 and a bottom plate 13. The interior of the mouth-shaped plate frame 101 is a cell accommodating cavity 19. The two ends of the mouth-shaped plate frame 101 are respectively a front end 108 and a rear end 109. The front end 108 and the rear end 109 of the mouth-shaped plate frame are also the front end 108 and the rear end 109 of the battery module.

[0044] The cell array 102 is a square array composed of an even number of cell strings 200. Each cell string 200 includes a plurality of cells 21. The cell array 102 is disposed in the cell accommodating cavity 19. The front opening and the rear opening of the shaped plate frame 101 are respectively encapsulated by the front component 103 and the rear component 104, thereby sealing the cell array 102 in the shaped plate frame 101 through the front component 103 disposed at the front opening and the rear component 104 disposed at the rear opening. The front component 103, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the rear end assembly 104 includes a front end bar frame plate 31, a series bar plate 32, an output electrode tab 33, a front end insulating plate 34, a front end inner plate 35 and a front end plate 36. Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, it includes a rear end bar frame plate 41, a series bar 32, a rear end insulating plate 42, a rear end inner plate 43 and a rear end end plate 44.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The battery cell string 200 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 connected in series. Specifically, the battery cell 21 is in a long rectangular structure, and the poles 211 of the two electrodes are respectively located at the two ends thereof. The battery cell string 200 is formed by welding the pole 211 of the positive pole of one of the battery cells 21 to the pole 211 of the negative pole of the other battery cell 21 and connecting them in series. That is, the two ends of the battery cell 21 are respectively the positive terminal 21P and the negative terminal 21N. The pole 211 of the positive pole of the battery cell 21, that is, the pole 211 located at the positive terminal 21P of the battery cell 21, is the positive pole; the pole 211 of the negative pole of the battery cell 21, that is, the pole located at the negative terminal 21N of the battery cell 21, is the negative pole. The poles 211 at both ends are respectively arranged on the end faces at both ends of the battery cell 21, and are a square column structure. Refer to Figure 4The top surface of the square cylinder of the pole 211 of the positive terminal 21P of one battery cell 21 and the top surface of the square cylinder of the pole 211 of the negative terminal 21N of another battery cell 21 are tightly attached to form a welding seam 219, and then the welding seam 219 is welded by laser welding process so that the poles 211 of the two battery cells 21 are connected, thereby realizing the series connection of the two battery cells 21, and then connected in series into a battery cell string 200.

[0046] Reference Figure 7 , a single-core collection board 22 is arranged on the end surface of the negative terminal 21N of the battery cell 21. The single-core collection board 22 includes a back plate 221, a voltage detection terminal 222, a temperature detection terminal 223, a temperature sensor 224, a voltage pole bonding plate 225 and a thermal pole bonding plate 226. The back plate 221 is close to the end surface of the negative terminal 21N of the battery cell 21 and is bonded by structural adhesive. The voltage detection terminal 222, the temperature detection terminal 223, the temperature sensor 224, the voltage pole bonding plate 225 and the thermal pole bonding plate 226 are arranged on the back plate 221. The voltage pole bonding plate 225 and the thermal pole bonding plate 226 are connected to the pole 211 of the negative terminal 21N of the battery cell 21. In this embodiment, the voltage pole bonding plate 225 and the thermal pole bonding plate 226 are sheets made of nickel, and are welded to the cylindrical surface of the pole 211 by welding. The voltage detection terminal 222 is electrically connected to the voltage pole bonding plate 225. The temperature detection terminal 223 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 224. The heat conductive pole bonding plate 226 is connected to the temperature sensor 224 via the heat conductive layer 227.

[0047] The collection and collection component 105 is used for the collection and collection of battery cell temperature and voltage. Specifically, the voltage detection terminal 222 and the temperature detection terminal 223 on the single-cell collection board 22 on each battery cell 21 in the battery cell array 102 are collected and collected to a unified battery module interface. The collection and collection component 105 includes a collection and collection frame 51 and a collection support frame 16. The collection and collection frame 51 is arranged on the top surface of the battery cell array 102. The collection support frame 16 is arranged between the collection and collection frame 51 and the top plate 11, and is a hollow plate structure, which is used to provide physical and insulating support for the collection and collection frame 51. Figure 8 , Fig. 9The collection and collection frame 51 includes a transverse support bar 511, a plurality of longitudinal support bars 512, a collection interface 52 and a plurality of terminal connectors 513. Each longitudinal support bar 512 is arranged along the front and rear end direction of the battery module, connected and perpendicular to the transverse support bar 511. The longitudinal support bar 512 is arranged along the front and rear end direction of the battery module, that is, the longitudinal support bar 512 is arranged in the direction F of the front and rear end of the battery module. The transverse support bar 511 spans the battery cells 21 at the ends of each battery cell string 200. The collection interface 52 is connected to the transverse support bar 511. The terminal connector 513 is arranged on the transverse support bar 511 and the longitudinal support bar 512. The voltage detection terminal 222 and the temperature detection terminal 223 of the single-core collection board 22 on the battery cell 21 correspond to a terminal connector 513 respectively and are plugged and connected. Each terminal connector 513 is electrically connected to the collection interface 52.

[0048] An even number of cell strings 200 are sequentially arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction F of the front and rear ends of the battery module to form a cell array 102. The two ends of the cell string 200 are also the two ends of the cell array 102. The end faces at both ends of the cell array 102 are composed of the end faces at both ends of the cell string 200. The end faces at both ends of the cell string 200 are also the end faces of the end cells 21 at both ends of the cell string 200. The cell string 200 is arranged in the direction F of the front and rear ends of the battery module, so that the two ends of the cell string 200 are respectively located at the front end 108 and the rear end 109, or, that is, the two ends of the cell array 102 are respectively located at the front end 108 and the rear end 109. The electrode polarities of adjacent cell strings 200 are set in opposite directions. Specifically, the poles 211 of the cells 21 on the end faces of the cell array 102 are arranged alternately according to positive and negative poles. Thus, the poles 211 of the cells 21 on the end surface of the cell array 102 are connected in series through the series connection bar 32, so that all the cells 21 in the cell array 102 are connected in series, forming an integrally connected cell group. The output electrodes of the cell group are located on both sides of the front end 108. More specifically, the poles 211 of the cells 21 at the front end of the cell strings 200 at the edge on both sides are the output electrodes of the cell group, and the poles 211 of the cells 21 at the front end of the cell strings 200 at the edge on both sides are connected to the output electrode tabs 33 in the front end assembly 103. Figure 1For example, the battery cell array 102 in the figure is composed of 6 battery cell strings 200, and the six battery cell strings 200 are arranged in the order of the first battery cell string, the second battery cell string, the third battery cell string, the fourth battery cell string, the fifth battery cell string, and the sixth battery cell string. Among them, the poles 211 on the rear end faces of the first battery cell string and the second battery cell string are connected in series through the series bar 32 in the rear end component 104, the poles 211 on the front end faces of the second battery cell string and the third battery cell string are connected in series through the series bar 32 in the front end component 103, the poles 211 on the rear end faces of the third battery cell string and the fourth battery cell string are connected in series through the series bar 32 in the rear end component 104, the poles 211 on the front end faces of the fourth battery cell string and the fifth battery cell string are connected in series through the series bar 32 in the front end component 103, the poles 211 on the rear end faces of the fifth battery cell string and the sixth battery cell string are connected in series through the series bar 32 in the rear end component 104, and the poles 211 on the front end faces of the first battery cell string and the sixth battery cell string are respectively connected to the output electrode ears 33 as the positive and negative poles of the output electrodes of the battery array 102. The first battery cell string and the sixth battery cell string are the battery cell strings 200 at the outermost sides of the aforementioned battery cell array 102 .

[0049] The front end bar frame plate 31, such as Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, it is a hollow plate body, which is provided with pole holes 312 corresponding to the poles 211 on the front end face of the battery cell array 102. Around the pole holes 312, the front side of the front bar frame plate 31 is provided with bar slots 311 and pole ear slots 313, and the back side is provided with a collection plate avoidance slot 314. Among them, the pole ear slots 313 correspond to the two pole holes 312 on the edge on both sides. The even-numbered pole holes 312 in the middle are configured with one bar slot 311 for two adjacent pole holes 312, so that the bar slot 311 connects the two adjacent pole holes 312. The bar slot 311 is used to accommodate the series-connected bar 32. The pole ear slot 313 is used to accommodate the output electrode pole ear 33. The collection plate avoidance slot 314 is used to accommodate the single-core collection board 22 at the end of the battery cell 21.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 , the back of the front bar frame plate 31 is in close contact with the front end face of the battery cell array 102. The single-core collection board 22 on the front end face of the battery cell array 102 is accommodated in the collection board avoidance groove 314, and the pole 211 on the front end face of the battery cell array 102 passes through the pole hole 312, so that the front bar frame plate 31 can fit tightly with the front end face of the battery cell array 102. After passing through the pole hole 312, the pole 211 is fixedly connected to the series bar 32 accommodated in the bar groove 311, or is fixedly connected to the output electrode pole ear 33 accommodated in the pole ear groove 313. In this embodiment, the pole 211 and the series bar 32 are connected by welding, and the output electrode pole ear 33 and the pole 211 are connected by welding.

[0051] The front end insulating plate 34 is arranged between the front end inner plate 35 and the front end bar frame plate 31, and is in close contact with the front end inner plate 35 and the front end bar frame plate 31. The front end inner plate 35 is arranged between the front end insulating plate 34 and the front end plate 36, and is in close contact with the front end insulating plate 34 and the front end plate 36. The front end insulating plate 34, the front end inner plate 35 and the front end plate 36 are all plate structures. Among them, a pole ear hole 341 is arranged on the front end insulating plate 34. A pole ear support 37 is arranged on the front end plate 36. Specifically, the front end plate 36 is a plate body with a certain thickness, which is hollowed out along the plate body direction. The top of the front end plate 36 is provided with support member grooves 361 on both sides, and a pole ear seat plug 362 is arranged in the support member groove 361. The pole ear support 37 includes a pole ear support groove 371 and a pole ear seat plug 372. The pole ear support groove 371 is arranged on the pole ear seat plug 372. The lug support groove 371 is accommodated in the support groove 361 by inserting the lug seat plug 372 into the lug seat hole 362, and the lug support 37 is fixed to the front end plate 36. The output electrode lug 33 is a bent tab, one end of which is accommodated in the lug groove 313 of the front tab frame 31 and fixed to the pole 211, and the other end is accommodated in the lug support groove 371 of the lug support 37 after passing through the lug hole 341 of the front insulation plate 34. The front end plate 36 is fixedly connected to the mouth-shaped plate frame 101. Specifically, the two ends of the side plate 12 have a side plate end extension 121 with a length greater than the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 13. The two front end end plate side surfaces 363 of the front end plate 36 are stuck between the side plate end extensions 121 at the front ends of the two side plates 12, and are welded to the side plate end extensions 121.

[0052] Reference Figure 6The structure of the rear bar frame 41 is similar to that of the front bar frame 31, except that the rear bar frame 41 does not have a pole ear groove, so this specification does not elaborate on the specific structure of the rear bar frame 41. The pole 211 on the front end face of the battery cell array 102 passes through the pole hole on the rear bar frame 41 and is fixedly connected to the series bar 32 accommodated in the bar groove on the rear bar frame 41. The rear end insulating plate 42 is arranged between the rear end inner plate 43 and the rear end bar frame 41, and is tightly attached to the rear end inner plate 43 and the rear end bar frame 41. The rear end inner plate 43 is arranged between the rear end insulating plate 42 and the rear end end plate 44, and is tightly attached to the rear end insulating plate 42 and the rear end end plate 44. The rear end insulating plate 42, the rear end inner plate 43 and the rear end end plate 44 are all plate structures. The rear end plate 44 is fixedly connected to the mouth-shaped plate frame 101. Specifically, the two rear end plate side surfaces 443 of the rear end plate 44 are stuck between the side plate end extensions 121 at the rear ends of the two side plates 12, and are welded to the side plate end extensions 121. The rear end plate 44 is a plate body with a certain thickness, which is hollowed out along the plate body direction. An interface frame 53 is provided at the top end of the rear end plate 44. The interface frame 53 includes an interface frame table panel 531 and an interface frame seat plug 532. The interface frame seat plug 532 is provided below the interface frame table panel 531. The interface frame seat plug 532 is inserted into the interface frame seat plug hole 441 on the rear end plate 44, so that the interface frame table panel 531 is provided on the rear end plate 44 and fixed to the rear end plate 44. The collection interface 52 is provided on the interface frame table panel 531 of the interface frame 53.

[0053] In summary, the structure of the front end of the battery module of the present invention is similar to that of the rear end. The difference is that the front end is provided with a pole ear as an output electrode, while the structure of the rear end is provided with a collection interface. The collection interface is the collection of the voltage detection terminal 222 and the temperature detection terminal 223 on the single-core acquisition board 22. Compared with the output electrode, the interface is low voltage, and the output electrode is high voltage. Therefore, the front end of the battery module is also called the high voltage end, and the rear end is also called the low voltage end. That is, the high voltage end and the low voltage end of the battery module of the present invention are respectively located at the two ends of the battery module, thereby realizing the separation of low voltage and high voltage.

[0054] In addition, in this embodiment, the battery cell 21 is insulated. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 Before the cells 21 are connected in series to form the cell string 200, a layer of insulating film 213 is laid on the surface of the cells 21 except for the poles 211, and a cell guard 23 is set at both ends of the cells 21. The insulating film 213 is usually made of PET or PI material. PET is polyester resin, and PI is polyimide. The cell guard 23, refer to Fig.12, including the connected end support plate 231, the side support plate 232, the top support plate 233, and the bottom support plate 234. The end support plate 231 is a hollow plate body, and its hollowing includes a pole collection plate avoidance hole 235. The end support plate 231 is close to the end faces of the battery cell 21 at both ends, and the poles 211 and the single-core collection plate 22 on the end faces of the battery cell 21 pass through the pole collection plate avoidance hole 235. The side support plate 232, the top support plate 233 and the bottom support plate 234 are respectively close to the side, top and bottom surfaces of the battery cell 21, so that the battery cell guard 23 suspends the battery cell 21, so that the battery cell 21 is insulated and isolated from the four panels of the mouth-shaped plate frame 101.

[0055] Furthermore, a heat conducting layer 15 is disposed below the battery cell array 102. Figure 4 In this embodiment, the thermal conductive layer 15 is a plate made of aluminum or copper. The bottom of each battery cell 21 of the battery cell array 102 is set on the thermal conductive layer 15 through a thermal conductive insulating structural adhesive 151. Therefore, when the temperature of the battery cell 21 is too high, the heat can be dissipated through the thermal conductive insulating structural adhesive 151 and the thermal conductive layer 15; when the temperature of the battery cell 21 is too low, the battery module can be heated, and the heating heat can be transferred to the battery cell 21 through the thermal conductive insulating structural adhesive 151 and the thermal conductive layer 15. Those skilled in the art understand that the thermal conductive layer 15 with a heat conductive function can also directly use a thermal conductive insulating structural adhesive.

[0056] Furthermore, an explosion-proof valve 212 is provided at the positive terminal 21P on the top surface of each battery cell 21 of the battery cell array 102. A plurality of explosion holes 14 are provided on the top plate 11 of the shaped plate frame 101. The positions of the explosion holes 14 correspond to the positions of the explosion-proof valves 212 of each battery cell 21, so that the explosion-proof valves 212 on each battery cell 21 are facing the corresponding explosion holes 14. Therefore, when the battery cell 21 is overcharged, over-discharged or overheated, causing gas to be generated inside the battery cell or the gas expands due to heat, causing the explosion-proof valve 212 to explode, the heat is released through the explosion holes 14 after passing through the hollow holes of the collection support frame 16.

[0057] Furthermore, a buffer pad 29 is provided between the battery cell 21 of the battery cell string 200 and the battery cell 21 of the adjacent battery cell string 200. The buffer pad 29 is bonded to the side of the battery cell 21 by structural adhesive. The transverse support bar 511 of the collection and collection rack 51 is provided with a corresponding buffer convex bridge 514 at a corresponding position above the buffer pad 29. The buffer convex bridge 514 is an upward protrusion on the transverse support bar 511.

[0058] Furthermore, a snap mechanism is provided between the terminal connector 513 and the voltage detection terminal 222 , or between the terminal connector 513 and the temperature detection terminal 223 , and plug-in and anti-loosening are achieved through the snap mechanism. Fig.13 An example of plugging and connecting the terminal connector 513 with the voltage detection terminal 222 and the temperature detection terminal 223 is shown. Fig.13As shown, the voltage detection terminal 222 and the temperature detection terminal 223 include a terminal shell 61 and a plug pin 62 disposed in the terminal shell 61. Among them, the terminal shell 61 of the voltage detection terminal 222 is provided with a plug pin 62; the terminal shell 61 of the temperature detection terminal 223 is provided with two separate plug pins 62, Fig.13 The connector pin is shown by the dotted line. The terminal shell 61 is square and is provided with a plug accommodating cavity 63 with an opening at the top. The connector pin 62 is accommodated in the plug accommodating cavity 63 and is arranged vertically. The side plate of the terminal shell 61 is provided with a buckle opening 64. The terminal connector 513 includes a plug body 91 and a spring plate 92. The plug body 91 is a square structure. There are two spring plates 92. The two spring plates 92 are respectively arranged on the back sides of the two sides of the plug body 91. A buckle protrusion 93 is provided on the spring plate 92. When the plug body 91 of the terminal connector 513 is inserted into the plug accommodating cavity 62, the spring plate 92 shrinks inward, and relying on the elasticity of the spring plate 92 itself, the buckle protrusion 93 on the spring plate 92 is snapped into the buckle opening 64. The aforementioned buckle mechanism is composed of the buckle opening 64, the spring plate 92 and the buckle protrusion 93.

[0059] In addition, further, refer to Figure 7 and Fig.14 The pole 211 of the battery cell 21 is provided with a pole slot 2111. The serial connection bar 32 is provided with a positioning convex strip 321. The positioning convex strip 321 is a protruding convex strip formed by bending the serial connection bar. The positioning convex strip 321 is clamped in the pole slot 2111.

[0060] In addition, front mounting holes 364 are respectively provided on both sides of the front end plate 36, and rear mounting holes 444 are respectively provided on both sides of the rear end plate 44. Thus, the battery module can be fixedly connected to the battery pack box by bolts provided through the front mounting holes 364 and the rear mounting holes 444.

[0061] In addition, it should be pointed out that in the present embodiment, each battery string 200 includes two battery cells 21 connected in series. Those skilled in the art will understand that in actual applications, each battery string 200 may also be composed of three, four or five battery cells connected in series.

[0062] In addition, it should be pointed out that in this embodiment, the voltage detection terminal 222 on the single-core collection board 22 provided at the negative end of the battery cell 21 is only used to connect the connection interface of the negative terminal pole 211 of the battery cell 21, and the measurement of the battery cell 21 requires the connection of the positive and negative poles of the battery cell 21. For this reason, in this embodiment, a single-core collection board 22 is also provided at the total positive terminal battery cell end face formed by connecting the battery cells 21 in series in the battery module, and the single-core collection board 22 is only used to connect the voltage detection terminal 222. The total positive terminal battery cell end face is also the positive terminal end face of the battery cell 21 to which the output electrode tab 33 to which the positive pole of the output electrode of the battery module is connected is connected. Therefore, the voltage detection of the battery cell 21 connected to the output electrode tab 33 connected to the positive pole of the battery module output electrode is achieved by detecting the voltage between the voltage detection terminals 222 connected to the positive and negative poles 211 of the battery cell 21; the voltage detection of other battery cells 21 is achieved by detecting the voltage between the voltage detection terminals 222 connected to the negative end poles 211 of two battery cells 21 connected in series.

Claims

1. A battery module based on a battery cell string, characterized in that: It comprises a mouth-shaped plate frame and a battery cell array; the mouth-shaped plate frame is a plate frame with two ends opened and surrounded by four long strip plates; the two ends of the mouth-shaped plate frame are the front end and the rear end respectively; the battery cell array is a square array composed of an even number of battery cell strings; the battery cell array is sealed in the mouth-shaped plate frame by a front end component set at the front end opening and a rear end component set at the rear end opening; the front end component comprises an output electrode tab; the battery cell string comprises a plurality of battery cells; the battery cell is in a long square structure, and the poles of its two electrodes are respectively located at its two ends; the battery cell string is formed by welding the pole of the positive pole of one battery cell to the pole of the negative pole of the other battery cell and then connecting them in series; the two ends of the battery cell string are respectively located at the front end and the rear end; the electrode polarities of adjacent battery cell strings are arranged in opposite directions; the poles of the electrodes at the ends of adjacent battery cell strings are connected in series; the battery cell strings at the farthest sides are respectively connected to the output electrode tabs at the front ends; The front-end assembly also includes a front-end tab frame, a series tab, a front-end insulating plate and a front-end end plate; a pole ear support is provided on the front-end end plate and is fixedly connected to the mouth-shaped plate frame; the front-end tab frame is arranged close to the front end face of the battery cell array; the series tab is arranged in the tab groove of the front-end tab frame and is connected to the pole of the end electrode of the battery cell string; the front-end insulating plate is arranged between the front-end tab frame and the front-end end plate and is close to the front-end tab frame; one end of the output electrode pole ear is arranged in the pole ear groove of the front-end tab frame and is connected to the pole of the end electrode of the battery cell string, and the other end is arranged on the pole ear support after passing through the pole ear hole on the front-end insulating plate; an explosion-proof valve is arranged on the top surface of the battery cell; a plurality of explosion holes are arranged on the top plate of the mouth-shaped plate frame; the position of the explosion hole corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof valve of each battery cell.

2. The battery module based on the battery cell string according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear-end component includes a rear-end bar frame, a series bar, a rear-end insulating plate and a rear-end end plate; the rear-end end plate is fixedly connected to the mouth-shaped plate frame; the rear-end bar frame is arranged close to the rear-end end face of the battery cell array; the series bar is arranged in the bar groove of the rear-end bar frame and connected to the pole of the end electrode of the battery cell string; the rear-end insulating plate is arranged between the rear-end bar frame and the rear-end end plate, and is close to the rear-end bar frame.

3. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A single-core collection board is provided at the negative end of the battery cell; the negative end of the battery cell is the end where the negative pole of the battery cell is located; the single-core collection board includes a backplane, a voltage detection terminal, a temperature detection terminal, a temperature sensor, a voltage pole bonding plate and a thermal conductive pole bonding plate; the backplane is close to the end face of the negative end of the battery cell; the voltage detection terminal, the temperature detection terminal, the temperature sensor, the voltage pole bonding plate and the thermal conductive pole bonding plate are arranged on the backplane; the voltage pole bonding plate and the thermal conductive pole bonding plate are connected to the pole of the negative end of the battery cell; the voltage detection terminal and the voltage pole bonding plate are electrically connected; the temperature detection terminal and the temperature sensor are electrically connected; the thermal conductive pole bonding plate is connected to the temperature sensor through a thermal conductive layer.

4. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a collection and aggregation rack; the collection and aggregation rack includes a collection interface and a plurality of terminal connectors; the terminal connectors correspond to and are connected to the voltage detection terminals and temperature detection terminals of the single-core collection board on the battery cell; and each terminal connector is connected to the collection interface.

5. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: An interface frame is arranged on the rear end plate; the collection interface is arranged on the interface frame.

6. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The voltage detection terminal and the temperature detection terminal include a terminal shell and a connector pin arranged in the terminal shell; wherein, a connector pin is arranged in the terminal shell of the voltage detection terminal, and two separate connector pins are arranged in the terminal shell of the temperature detection terminal; the terminal shell is square and is provided with a plug accommodating cavity with an opening at the top; the connector pin is accommodated in the plug accommodating cavity and is vertically arranged; the side plate of the terminal shell is provided with a buckle opening; the terminal connector includes a plug body and a spring plate; the plug body is a square structure; there are two spring plates; the two spring plates are respectively arranged on the back sides of the two sides of the plug body; a buckle protrusion is arranged on the spring plate; when the plug body of the terminal connector is inserted into the plug accommodating cavity, the spring plate contracts inwardly, and relying on the elasticity of the spring plate itself, the buckle protrusion on the spring plate is snapped into the buckle opening.

7. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The collection and aggregation rack also includes a transverse support bar and a longitudinal support bar arranged on the top surface of the battery cell array; the terminal connectors are arranged on the transverse support bar and the longitudinal support bar; the longitudinal support bar is arranged along the front and rear end direction of the battery module, connected to and perpendicular to the transverse support bar; the collection interface is connected to the transverse support bar.

8. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A buffer pad is arranged between the battery cells of a battery cell string and the battery cells of an adjacent battery cell string; and the transverse support bar is provided with a buffer convex bridge.

9. The battery module based on the battery cell string as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A collecting support frame is also arranged between the collecting and collecting frame and the top plate of the mouth-shaped plate frame.

10. The battery module based on a battery cell string as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating film is arranged on the surface of the battery cell; battery cell protection frames are arranged at both ends of the battery cell; the battery cell protection frames are used to suspend the battery cell so that the battery cell is insulated and isolated from the four panels of the square frame.

11. The battery module based on a battery cell string as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: A heat conducting layer is also arranged between the battery core and the bottom plate of the mouth-shaped plate frame.

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