Intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator suitable for tractor suspension and application method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a tractor-hung intelligent precise general fertilizer applicator and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer applicators, and aims to solve the problem that the fertilizer applicator in the prior art cannot independently adjust the quantity of fertilization according to actual conditions. The tractor-hung intelligent precise general fertilizer applicator comprises a stirring bin, a hopper and a spreading bin, the top of the stirring bin is provided with a feeding port, the lower rear part of the stirring bin is provided with a discharging port, the discharging port is provided with a bin door, bin door sliding rails are arranged on the two sides of the discharging port of the stirring bin, the bin door is slidably connected with the bin door sliding rails, the bin door is connected with the stirring bin through a linear stepping motor, the hopper is arranged below the discharging port and is provided at the top with a feeding port for observation and feeding, the spreading bin is in communication with the hopper, a spreading fan is arranged in the spreading bin, and the spreading bin is provided with a spreading port on one side or both sides. The application also provides the application method of the fertilizer applicator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fertilizer applicator technology, and in particular relates to an intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator suitable for tractor suspension and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Fertilization equipment is an essential tool for plant protection. To ensure both excellent plant growth and environmental protection, it is necessary to improve the effective utilization rate of fertilizers and optimize fertilization techniques.

[0003] A patent concerning fertilization by a plant protection machine, with authorization announcement number CN205993095U, includes a vehicle body comprising a frame. A spreading hopper is located at the rear of the vehicle body, and a storage hopper is located on the frame in front of the spreading hopper. The spreading hopper is positioned higher than the storage hopper. A conveying auger connects the storage hopper and the spreading hopper, with its lower end extending into the storage hopper and its upper end extending above the spreading hopper. The patent also includes an automatic material conveying control system. This patented structure cannot autonomously adjust the amount of fertilizer applied according to actual conditions, potentially leading to fertilizer waste. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide an intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator and its application method that can autonomously adjust the amount of fertilizer applied according to actual conditions and is suitable for tractor suspension.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A precision general-purpose fertilizer applicator suitable for tractor suspension includes a mixing bin, a hopper, and a spreading bin. The mixing bin has a feeding port at the top and a discharge port at the lower rear. A door is provided at the discharge port and is slidably connected to the mixing bin. The door is connected to the mixing bin via a linear stepper motor. The hopper is located below the discharge port and has a feeding port at the top for observation and feeding. The spreading bin is connected to the hopper and has a spreading fan inside. The spreading bin has spreading ports on one or both sides.

[0007] Preferably, the general-purpose fertilizer applicator also includes a support frame, and the mixing bin, hopper, and spreading bin are fixedly mounted on the support frame, with wheels connected to both sides of the lower rear part of the support frame.

[0008] Preferably, the lower front part of the bracket is connected to two connecting arms on both sides, the connecting arms are connected to shock absorbers, the lower end of the shock absorber is connected to the connecting arm, and the upper end of the shock absorber is connected to the lower rear part of the tractor.

[0009] Preferably, the upper front part of the bracket is connected to an adjustable connecting rod, which includes a threaded rod one, a connecting rod, and a threaded rod two. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively threaded to the threaded rod one and the threaded rod two. The threaded rod one is connected to the upper rear part of the tractor, and the threaded rod two is connected to the upper front part of the bracket.

[0010] Preferably, the output shaft of the spreading blower is connected to a speed increaser, the input shaft of the speed increaser is connected to the output shaft of the tractor, and the input shaft of the speed increaser is connected to the output shaft of the spreading blower.

[0011] Preferably, the input shaft of the speed increaser is connected to the input shaft of the tractor via a cross-shaft coupling.

[0012] Preferably, the mixing chamber is equipped with a stirring shaft, which is horizontally positioned and has spiral blades. The stirring shaft is connected to a motor.

[0013] Preferably, the precision general-purpose fertilizer applicator also includes a PLC controller, a tractor throttle sensor, a power output shaft speed sensor, and a mixing shaft speed sensor. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the tractor throttle sensor, the power output shaft speed sensor, and the mixing shaft speed sensor, respectively. The PLC controller is also connected to the linear stepper motor.

[0014] This invention also provides an application method for a precision universal fertilizer applicator suitable for the above-mentioned tractor suspension, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. The tractor's travel speed is detected by the tractor throttle sensor, the tractor's output shaft speed is detected by the power take-off shaft speed sensor, and the mixing shaft speed is detected by the mixing shaft speed sensor.

[0016] S2. Based on the empirical formula obtained through experiments, using the application rate of different fertilizers per acre in kilograms, program and input the formula into the PLC controller.

[0017] S3. The tractor travel speed, tractor output shaft speed, and mixer shaft speed data are transmitted to the PLC controller. The PLC controller calculates the height of the discharge port based on empirical formulas, and controls the linear stepper motor to adjust the height of the discharge port.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] The tractor's travel speed is detected by a tractor throttle sensor, the output shaft speed by a power take-off shaft sensor, and the mixing shaft speed by a mixing shaft sensor. Based on empirical formulas obtained through experiments, and using different fertilizer application rates per acre, the data is programmed and input into a PLC controller. The PLC controller then controls a linear stepper motor to adjust the height of the material discharge port, achieving precise and intelligent fertilization. This precision universal fertilizer applicator can apply fertilizer at rates ranging from 1 kg / acre to 1000 kg / acre. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator suitable for tractor suspension according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the mixing bin, hopper, and spreading bin;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of a PLC controller;

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1-Bracket; 2-Mixing bin; 21-Discharge port; 22-Bin door slide rail; 3-Hopper; 31-Inlet; 4-Spreading bin; 41-Spreading port; 5-Wheel; 6-Connecting arm; 7-Shock absorber; 8-Adjustable connecting rod; 81-Threaded rod one; 82-Connecting rod; 83-Threaded rod two; 9-Mixing shaft; 10-Motor; 11-Bin door; 12-Linear stepper motor; 13-Spreading fan; 14-Speed ​​increaser; 15-Cross shaft coupling; 16-PLC controller; 17-Tractor throttle sensor; 18-Power take-off shaft speed sensor; 19-Mixing shaft speed sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a precision general-purpose fertilizer applicator suitable for tractor suspension includes a support frame 1, a mixing bin 2, a hopper 3, and a spreading bin 4.

[0027] The mixing bin 2, hopper 3, and spreading bin 4 are fixedly mounted on the support 1. Wheels 5 are connected to both sides of the lower rear portion of the support 1. Connecting arms 6 are connected to both sides of the lower front portion of the support 1. Shock absorbers 7 are connected to the connecting arms 6, with the lower end of the shock absorber 7 connected to the connecting arm 6 and the upper end of the shock absorber 7 connected to the lower rear portion of the tractor. An adjustable connecting rod 8 is connected to the upper front portion of the support 1. The adjustable connecting rod 8 includes a threaded rod 81, a connecting rod 82, and a threaded rod 83. Both ends of the connecting rod 82 are threadedly connected to the threaded rod 81 and the threaded rod 83, respectively. The threaded rod 81 is connected to the upper rear portion of the tractor, and the threaded rod 83 is connected to the upper front portion of the support 1.

[0028] The mixing bin 2 has a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet 21 at the lower rear. A stirring shaft 9 is installed inside the mixing bin 2. The stirring shaft 9 is horizontally positioned and has spiral blades. A motor 10 is connected to the stirring shaft 9.

[0029] A door 11 is provided at the discharge port 21, and door slide rails 22 are provided on both sides of the discharge port 21 on the mixing bin 2. The door 11 is slidably connected to the door slide rails 22. The door 11 and the mixing bin 22 are connected by a linear stepper motor 12.

[0030] The hopper 3 is located below the discharge port 21, and the top of the hopper 3 is provided with a feed inlet 31 for observation and feeding. The discharge speed and mixing of the fertilizer can be observed through the feed inlet 31.

[0031] The spreading bin 4 is connected to the hopper 3. A spreading fan 13 is installed inside the spreading bin 4, and spreading ports 41 are provided on one or both sides of the spreading bin 4. The rotation of the spreading fan 13 creates negative pressure inside the spreading bin 4. Fertilizer falling from the hopper 3 is drawn into the spreading bin 4 due to this negative pressure and then ejected from the spreading ports 41 by centrifugal force. An increaser 14 is connected to the output shaft of the spreading fan 13. The input shaft of the increaser 14 is connected to the output shaft of the tractor, and the input shaft of the increaser 14 is also connected to the output shaft of the spreading fan 13. The input shaft of the increaser 14 is connected to the input shaft of the tractor via a cross-shaft coupling 15. The increaser 14 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 1.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the precision general-purpose fertilizer applicator also includes a PLC controller 16, a tractor throttle sensor 17, a power output shaft speed sensor 18, and a mixing shaft speed sensor 19. The PLC controller 16 is electrically connected to the tractor throttle sensor 17, the power output shaft speed sensor 18, and the mixing shaft speed sensor 19, respectively. The PLC controller 16 is also connected to the linear stepper motor 12.

[0033] This precision general-purpose fertilizer applicator is connected to the tractor suspension.

[0034] This invention also provides an application method for a precision universal fertilizer applicator suitable for the above-mentioned tractor suspension, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1. Tractor speed is detected by tractor throttle sensor 17, output shaft speed is detected by power take-off shaft sensor 18, and mixing shaft speed is detected by mixing shaft sensor 19.

[0036] S2. Based on the empirical formula obtained through experiments, using the application rate of different fertilizers per acre in kilograms, program and input the formula into the PLC controller 16.

[0037] S3. The tractor travel speed, tractor output shaft speed and mixing shaft speed data are transmitted to the PLC controller 16. The PLC controller 16 calculates the height of the material discharge port 21 according to the empirical formula, and the PLC controller 16 controls the linear stepper motor 12 to adjust the height of the material discharge port 21.

[0038] The tractor travels at a speed of 5-30 km / h, preferably 10-20 km / h, and most preferably 12-15 km / h; the tractor's output shaft rotates at a speed of 200-800 rpm, preferably 400-700 rpm, and most preferably 500-700 rpm; the mixing shaft rotates at a speed of 10-100 rpm, preferably 15-60 rpm, and most preferably 25-30 rpm; the material discharge port height is 1-10 cm, preferably 1-5 cm, and most preferably 2-4 cm.

[0039] The tractor's travel speed determines the fertilizer density along the tractor's travel direction; the tractor's output shaft speed determines the speed of the spreading blower 13, which in turn determines the fertilizer application distance perpendicular to the tractor's travel direction; the mixing shaft speed determines the fertilizer drop speed from the discharge port 21. These data influence the optimal height of the discharge port 21, thereby precisely controlling the fertilizer application rate.

[0040] The fertilizer is sprayed from the spray nozzle 41 of the spreading blower 13 at a distance of 20-30 meters. The spray distance varies depending on the fertilizer density: fertilizer density exceeding 2 g / cm³... 3 The fertilizer spraying distance exceeds 30 meters; the fertilizer density is 1-2 g / cm³. 3 The fertilizer can be sprayed up to 20 meters away; the fertilizer density is less than 1 g / cm³. 3 The fertilizer is sprayed from a distance of 10-15 meters.

[0041] The tractor's travel speed is detected by the tractor throttle sensor 17, the output shaft speed by the power take-off shaft sensor 18, and the mixing shaft speed by the mixing shaft sensor 19. Based on the application rate of different fertilizers per acre, empirical formulas obtained through experiments are programmed and input into the PLC controller 16. The PLC controller 16 controls the linear stepper motor 12 to adjust the height of the material discharge port 21, realizing precise and intelligent fertilization of the fertilizer applicator. The fertilizer application rate of this precision general-purpose fertilizer applicator can range from 1 kg / acre to 1000 kg / acre.

[0042] In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, there are other embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications based on the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope defined by the appended claims, as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for applying a tractor-hung intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator, characterized in that the tractor-hung intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator comprises a stirring bin (2), a hopper (3), and a spreading bin (4), the top of the stirring bin (2) is provided with a feeding port, the lower rear part of the stirring bin (2) is provided with a discharging port (21), the discharging port (21) is provided with a bin door (11), the bin door (11) is in sliding connection with the stirring bin (2), the bin door (11) is connected with the stirring bin (2) through a linear stepper motor (12), the hopper (3) is arranged below the discharging port (21) and the top of the hopper (3) is provided with a feeding port (31) for observation and feeding, the spreading bin (4) is in communication with the hopper (3), the spreading bin (4) is provided with a spreading fan (13) therein, and the spreading bin (4) is provided with a spreading port (41) on one side or both sides. The output shaft of the spreading fan (13) is connected with a speed increaser (14), the input shaft of the speed increaser (14) is connected with the output shaft of the tractor, and the input shaft of the speed increaser (14) is connected with the output shaft of the spreading fan (13). The stirring bin (2) is provided with a stirring shaft (9) therein, the stirring shaft (9) is horizontally arranged, the stirring shaft (9) is provided with helical blades, and the stirring shaft (9) is connected with a motor (10). The intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator further comprises a PLC controller (16), a tractor throttle sensor (17), a power output shaft speed sensor (18), and a stirring shaft speed sensor (19), the PLC controller (16) is electrically connected with the tractor throttle sensor (17), the power output shaft speed sensor (18), and the stirring shaft speed sensor (19) respectively, and the PLC controller (16) is further connected with the linear stepper motor (12). The method for applying the tractor-hung intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator comprises the following steps: S1, detecting the tractor traveling speed through the tractor throttle sensor (17), detecting the output shaft speed of the tractor through the power output shaft speed sensor (18), and detecting the stirring shaft speed through the stirring shaft speed sensor (19); S2, inputting the PLC controller (16) with an empirical formula obtained through experiments according to the application kilogram number per mu of different fertilizers; S3, transmitting the data of the tractor traveling speed, the output shaft speed of the tractor, and the stirring shaft speed to the PLC controller (16), calculating the height of the discharging port (21) according to the empirical formula, and controlling the linear stepper motor (12) to regulate the height of the discharging port (21) through the PLC controller (16). The precision universal fertilizer applicator further comprises a support (1), the stirring bin (2), the hopper (3), and the spreading bin (4) are fixedly arranged on the support (1), and the lower rear part of the support (1) is respectively connected with wheels (5) on both sides.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the tractor-hitchable intelligent precision universal applicator is a fertilizer applicator. ​ 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the tractor-hitchable intelligent precision universal applicator is a tractor-hitchable intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator. The lower part of the front of the bracket (1) is connected with connecting arms (6), the connecting arms (6) are connected with shock absorbers (7), the lower end of the shock absorbers (7) is connected with the connecting arms (6), and the upper end of the shock absorbers (7) is connected with the lower part of the rear of the tractor.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the tractor-hitchable intelligent precision universal applicator is a tractor-hitchable intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator. The upper part of the front of the bracket (1) is connected with an adjustable connecting rod (8), the adjustable connecting rod (8) comprises a threaded rod one (81), a connecting rod (82) and a threaded rod two (83), the two ends of the connecting rod (82) are respectively connected with the threaded rod one (81) and the threaded rod two (83) in a threaded mode, the threaded rod one (81) is connected with the upper part of the rear of the tractor, and the threaded rod two (83) is connected with the upper part of the front of the bracket (1).

5. The method of applying the tractor-hitch-compatible intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein, The input shaft of the speed increaser (14) is connected with the input shaft of the tractor through a cross axle type shaft coupling (15).

6. The method of applying the intelligent precision universal fertilizer applicator suitable for tractor suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tractor travels at a speed of 5-30 km / h, the output shaft of the tractor rotates at a speed of 200-800 r / min, the stirring shaft rotates at a speed of 10-100 r / min, and the material falling port is 1-10 cm high.

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