Linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device, rail vehicle and energy harvesting method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a linear variable coil density vibration energy harvesting device, a rail vehicle and an energy harvesting method. The device includes a housing, and a permanent magnet, a multi-turn induction coil and a coil density adjustment structure disposed inside the housing. The permanent magnet and the induction coil are located in a first cavity. The coil density adjustment structure includes a plurality of movable baffles, a plurality of elastic members in a compressed state, and an adjustment baffle fixed to the permanent magnet. The adjustment baffle cooperates with the movable baffles to change the coil density, and the permanent magnet makes a motion of cutting the plane of the induction coil. Compared with the prior art, the kinetic energy generated by the vehicle itself is converted into electric energy and stored, which can be used as a distributed power source for on-vehicle monitoring equipment without consuming additional energy, and the energy recovery process is not easily affected by the environment; the coil density adjustment structure in the housing can make full use of the existing coils, so that the coil density around the permanent magnet is always relatively high during the motion of the permanent magnet to maximize the output electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy harvesting for linear rail vehicles, and particularly to a linear variable coil density vibration energy harvesting device, a rail vehicle, and an energy harvesting method. Background Art

[0002] Existing power supply solutions for linear rail vehicles mainly include hard-wired power supply, axle-end motor power generation, etc. For heavy-haul freight trains that need to be frequently uncoupled and have a long formation, the power supply cables may be up to thousands of meters long, and there are hundreds of plug-in connection points. The wire resistance and the contact resistance at the plug-in terminals have a great impact on power supply. In addition, based on the maintenance system of freight trains, the reliability of the hard-wired vehicle-end connection cannot be guaranteed, and the reliability of vehicle power supply will also be greatly reduced. Axle-end motor power generation essentially increases the running resistance of the train, so that the train needs to consume more electrical energy during operation, resulting in additional consumption of traction power.

[0003] For energy harvesting of linear rail vehicles, currently, additional energy consumption is required, and continuous energy supply cannot be achieved only by using its own characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art and provide a linear variable coil density vibration energy harvesting device, a rail vehicle, and an energy harvesting method.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A linear variable coil density vibration energy harvesting device includes a housing, and a permanent magnet, a multi-turn induction coil, and a coil density adjustment structure disposed inside the housing. The permanent magnet and the induction coil are located in a first cavity. The coil density adjustment structure includes a plurality of movable baffles, a plurality of elastic members in a compressed state, and an adjustment baffle fixed to the permanent magnet. One end of the movable baffle is arranged at intervals with the elastic member in a second cavity surrounding the first cavity. The other end of the movable baffle passes through the partition between the first cavity and the second cavity and extends into the first cavity. The multi-turn induction coil surrounds the permanent magnet and is respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of movable baffles. The adjustment baffle cooperates with the movable baffle to change the coil density, and the permanent magnet makes a movement that cuts the plane of the induction coil.

[0007] A linear bearing is provided at one end of the permanent magnet, and the width of the linear bearing is greater than the width of the permanent magnet.

[0008] One end of the permanent magnet is connected to an external device through a rigid movable rod.

[0009] The partition is provided with a chute, the chute is embedded with a plurality of movable baffles, and the chute restricts the movable baffles to move only in the vertical direction.

[0010] The compression amount of the middle elastic member is greater than that of the elastic members at both ends.

[0011] The permanent magnet is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.

[0012] The elastic member is a spring.

[0013] An orbital vehicle includes the linear variable coil density vibration energy harvesting device as described above.

[0014] The housing is connected to the bogie side frame or the bottom of the car body, and one end of the permanent magnet is connected to one of the bogie side frame and the bottom of the car body that is different from the one connected to the housing.

[0015] An energy harvesting method using the linear variable coil density vibration energy harvesting device includes:

[0016] The bogie side frame and the bottom of the car body move relative to each other, the permanent magnet moves to cut the plane of the induction coil, and the electric energy generated by the induction coil is transmitted to the energy storage member or the power-consuming device.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] (1) One end of the movable flap and the elastic member are arranged at intervals in the second cavity surrounding the first cavity. The other end of the movable flap extends into the first cavity through the partition wall between the first cavity and the second cavity. The multi-turn induction coil surrounds the permanent magnet and is respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of movable flaps. The adjusting flap cooperates with the movable flap to change the coil density. The permanent magnet moves to cut the plane of the induction coil. By using the relative movement between the bogie side frame and the bottom of the car body, the kinetic energy generated by the vehicle itself is converted into electric energy and stored, which can be used as a distributed power source for on-vehicle monitoring equipment without consuming additional energy, and the energy recovery process is not easily affected by the environment.

[0019] (2) A linear bearing is provided at one end of the permanent magnet. The width of the linear bearing is greater than the width of the permanent magnet. By means of the linear bearing, the gap between the permanent magnet and the induction coil is kept within a reasonable range to reduce the sliding friction between the relative moving parts.

[0020] (3) One end of the permanent magnet is connected to an external device through a rigid movable rod, and the rigid movable rod can ensure the more stable movement of the permanent magnet.

[0021] (4) The partition wall is provided with sliding grooves, and a plurality of movable flaps are embedded between the sliding grooves. The movable flaps are connected by pre-compressed elastic members. The permanent magnet is connected to the adjusting flap. The adjusting flap adjusts the coil density by the upward or downward movement of the permanent magnet. When the permanent magnet moves, the elastic member at one end is compressed and the elastic member at the other end extends, so that the coil density at the position where the permanent magnet is located is always high, maintaining a higher output induced electromotive force.

[0022] (5) The device is simply designed and easy to maintain, and can be conveniently installed on a vehicle as an independent device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is an installation schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Reference Signs:

[0026] 1 is a vibration energy harvesting device; 2 is a mechanical fixture for connecting the energy harvesting device; 3 is the bottom of the vehicle body; 4 is a wheel set; 5 is a bolster; 6 is a side frame of the bogie; 7 is a movable rod; 8 is an induction coil; 9 is an elastic member; 10 is a permanent magnet; 11 is a linear bearing; 12 is a movable flap; 13 is a sliding groove; 14 is a housing; 15 is an adjusting flap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and gives the detailed implementation manner and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the side frame 6 of the bogie is supported on the wheel set 4 through axle boxes, the bolster 5 spans across the left and right side frames 6 of the bogie, and is supported by springs with the side frame 6 of the bogie. The bottom 3 of the vehicle body is rigidly connected to the bolster 5, and the vibration energy harvesting device 1 is installed between the bottom 3 of the vehicle body and the side frame 6 of the bogie through the connecting mechanical fixture 2.

[0030] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the vibration energy harvesting device 1 consists of a movable rod 7, an induction coil 8, an elastic member 9, a permanent magnet 10, a linear bearing 11, a movable flap 12, a sliding groove 13, a housing 14 and an adjusting flap 15. In this example, the permanent magnet 10 and the linear bearing 11 are installed on the movable rod 7. The induction coil 8 is used to generate an induced electromotive force. The housing 14 is connected to the side frame 6 of the bogie. A first cavity and a second cavity are formed inside the housing 10. The second cavity surrounds the first cavity. The permanent magnet 7 and the induction coil 9 are placed in the first cavity, the elastic member 9 is placed in the second cavity. The movable flap 12 is installed on the sliding groove 13 and is connected through the elastic member 9. The adjusting flap 15 is installed outside the permanent magnet and follows the movement of the movable rod 7 to make the movable flap 12 move up and down in the sliding groove 13, ensuring that the density of the induction coil 8 near the permanent magnet 7 is always relatively high, and realizing the maximization of the output electric energy.

[0031] The permanent magnet 10 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder and is sleeved and installed on the cylindrical movable rod 7. Linear bearings 11 are respectively installed at both ends of the permanent magnet 10 to ensure that the gap between the permanent magnet 10 and the induction coil 8 is within a reasonable range to reduce the sliding friction between relative moving parts.

[0032] The transmission process of the vibration energy harvesting device 1 includes the following steps:

[0033] When the rail vehicle is running, a relative vertical displacement change will occur vertically between the bogie side frame 6 and the bottom of the car body 3, and this vertical displacement change is random. The housing 14 in the vibration energy harvesting device 1 is installed on the bogie side frame 6. The permanent magnet 10 and the linear bearing 11 are connected to the bottom of the car body 3 through a cylindrical movable rod 7. The vibration energy harvesting device 1 is connected and fixed to the bogie side frame 6 and the bottom of the car body 3 through the connecting mechanical fixture 2. At this time, the relative displacement change between the induction coil 8 and the permanent magnet 10 is the relative displacement change that will occur vertically between the bogie side frame 6 and the bottom of the car body 3.

[0034] After relative motion occurs between the induction coil 8 and the permanent magnet 10, due to the action of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, the magnetic field change of the permanent magnet 10 acts on the induction coil 8, causing an induced electromotive force to be generated on the induction coil 8. When the motion state of the permanent magnet 10 is constant, each turn of the coil at the same position generates an induced electromotive force of the same magnitude;

[0035] When the permanent magnet 10 and the movable rod 7 move upward, the adjusting flap 15 moves with the permanent magnet 10 and acts on the movable flap 12. The movable flap 12 above the adjusting flap 15 moves upward along the chute 13, and the elastic member 9 above the adjusting flap 15 is compressed. The density of the induction coil 8 above the permanent magnet 10 becomes higher, and the pre-compressed elastic member 9 below the adjusting flap 15 elongates to ensure that the coil density below the permanent magnet 10 does not decrease, so that the coil density near the permanent magnet 10 is always relatively high, ensuring the maximum output electric energy of the energy harvesting device 1.

[0036] The elastic member is a spring.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] The housing 14 is connected to the bottom of the car body 3, and the movable rod 7 is connected to the bogie side frame 6, and the rest is the same as in Embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device, characterized in that, it includes a housing (14), a permanent magnet (10), a multi-turn induction coil (8) and a coil density adjustment structure disposed inside the housing (14). The permanent magnet (10) and the induction coil (8) are located in a first cavity. The coil density adjustment structure includes a plurality of movable baffles (12), a plurality of elastic members (9) in a compressed state, and an adjustment baffle (15) fixed to the permanent magnet (10). One end of the movable baffle (12) and the elastic members (9) are arranged at intervals in a second cavity surrounding the first cavity. The other end of the movable baffle (12) passes through the partition wall between the first cavity and the second cavity and extends into the first cavity. The multi-turn induction coil (8) surrounds the permanent magnet (10) and is respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of movable baffles (12). The adjustment baffle (15) cooperates with the movable baffle (12) to change the coil density, and the permanent magnet (10) moves to cut the plane of the induction coil (8); A linear bearing (11) is provided at one end of the permanent magnet (10), and the width of the linear bearing (11) is greater than the width of the permanent magnet (10); One end of the permanent magnet (10) is connected to an external device through a rigid movable rod (7).

2. A linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a chute (13) is provided on the partition wall, and the chute (13) is embedded with a plurality of movable baffles (12), and the chute (13) restricts the movable baffles (12) to move only in the vertical direction.

3. A linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the compression amount of the middle elastic member (9) is greater than the compression amounts of the elastic members (9) at both ends.

4. A linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the permanent magnet (10) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder.

5. A linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic member (9) is a spring.

6. A rail vehicle, characterized in that, the rail vehicle includes the linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. A rail vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, the housing (14) is connected to the side frame of the bogie (6) or the bottom of the car body (3), and one end of the permanent magnet (10) is connected to one of the side frame of the bogie (6) and the bottom of the car body (3) that is different from the one to which the housing (14) is connected.

8. An energy harvesting method using the linear variable-coil-density vibration energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, the method includes: The side frame of the bogie (6) and the bottom of the car body (3) move relative to each other, the permanent magnet (10) moves to cut the plane of the induction coil (8), and the electric energy generated by the induction coil (8) is transmitted to an energy storage component or a power-consuming device.

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