Cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device and guide rod type diesel pile hammer

Abstract

The cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device and guide rod type diesel pile hammer of the present invention comprise a top cross beam, a guide rod, a cylinder hammer and a piston, a landing gear is also slidably mounted on the guide rod, the landing gear supports a cylinder hammer hook through a hammer hook pin shaft, the cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected to a hammer hook swing rod, the cylinder hammer hook and the hammer hook swing rod fixedly connected to each other can swing synchronously around the axis of the hammer hook pin shaft; an extended end of the hammer hook swing rod is hinged with a decoupling swing rod, the extended end of the hammer hook swing rod is also provided with a swing limit support surface, the decoupling swing rod can be supported on the hammer hook swing rod through the swing limit support surface, the swing limit support surface is set at a distance from the hinge support point of the decoupling swing rod; a decoupling bump block is relatively arranged at the extended end of the decoupling swing rod, the decoupling bump block is installed on a bump block bracket, and the bump block bracket is fixedly connected to the top cross beam and / or the piston. The pile hammer does not require manpower to perform the decoupling operation, can automatically realize the cylinder hammer decoupling start, and is particularly suitable for large guide rod type diesel pile hammers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a guide rod diesel pile hammer, and in particular to a structure in the guide rod diesel pile hammer capable of realizing automatic hook hammer lifting and automatic drop hammer starting. The present invention also relates to a guide rod diesel pile hammer with the automatic hook hammer and drop hammer structure. Background Art

[0002] The guide rod diesel pile hammer is a pile foundation construction machinery and equipment for building foundation engineering with large impact force, high working efficiency, strong reliability, and easy use and maintenance. The guide rod diesel pile hammer is mainly composed of a top crossbeam, a guide rod, a cylinder hammer, a piston, and a landing gear with a hammer hook. The top crossbeam and the piston are respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the guide rod, and the landing gear and the cylinder hammer are slidably supported on the guide rod; the main function of the hammer hook and the landing gear is to start the guide rod diesel pile hammer at the beginning of piling, and when the pile hammer is in the hanging working state, the landing gear is also the suspension structure of the entire pile hammer.

[0003] At present, when the pile hammer is started, the landing gear and the hammer hook slide down along the guide rod, the hammer hook under the landing gear hooks the pin in the cylinder hammer, and the winch cable lifts the landing gear and the cylinder hammer upward at the same time. After the cylinder hammer reaches a certain height, the ground operator pulls the unhooking lever on the landing gear through the rope to separate the hammer hook under the landing gear from the pin in the cylinder hammer, and the cylinder hammer falls freely to complete the start of the guide rod type pile hammer. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the guide rod type diesel pile hammer, its striking energy has also increased rapidly, and the weight of the cylinder hammer of the pile hammer has also increased to tens of tons. Such a huge cylinder hammer mass will inevitably produce great friction resistance between the hammer hook and the cylinder hammer pin, making the cylinder hammer unhooking start very difficult and complicated. It is necessary to pull the rope under the command of the commander to complete the cylinder hammer unhooking start, or add a special winch equipment to drag the hammer hook start rope to complete the pile hammer start operation.

[0004] Therefore, the existing guide rod type diesel pile hammer, especially for the uncoupling and starting of large-tonnage pile hammers, is a very complicated and extremely unsafe operation. First, the uncoupling and starting of large-tonnage guide rod type diesel pile hammers requires the cooperation of multiple people. Each time the pile hammer is restarted, the landing gear hammer hook and the cylinder hammer pin shaft must be uncoupled by manpower or mainly by manpower, which greatly increases the labor intensity and labor cost. In addition, the starting operation with human participation has great safety hazards and is likely to cause accidents of injury to personnel and equipment. In addition, the starting uncoupling height of the cylinder hammer is mastered by the ground operator based on experience and vision. If the uncoupling height is too low, the pile hammer cannot be started, or the bouncing cylinder hammer and the landing gear may be accidentally collided. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an automatic unhooking device for a cylinder hammer which does not require manpower for unhooking operation and can automatically realize the unhooking and starting of the cylinder hammer. The present invention also provides a guide rod type diesel pile hammer with the automatic unhooking device for the cylinder hammer.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device of the present invention comprises a cylinder hammer hook and a hammer hook pin supporting the cylinder hammer hook, the cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected to the hammer hook swing rod, the cylinder hammer hook and the hammer hook swing rod fixedly connected to each other can swing synchronously around the axis of the hammer hook pin; an extended end of the hammer hook swing rod is hinged with a unhooking swing rod, and the extended end of the hammer hook swing rod is also provided with a swing limit support surface, and the unhooking swing rod can be supported on the hammer hook swing rod through the swing limit support surface, and the swing limit support surface is set at a distance from the hinge axis of the unhooking swing rod; an unhooking bump block is relatively arranged at the extended end of the unhooking swing rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the decoupling bumper block is installed on a bumper block bracket, and the decoupling bumper block adopts a fixed structure or a movable structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the cylinder hammer hook and the hammer hook swing rod adopt a split structure or an integral structure that are fixedly connected to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the cylinder hammer hook and the hammer hook swing arm, which are fixedly connected to each other, are fixedly supported on the hammer hook pin shaft or rotatably supported on the hammer hook pin shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a hook hammer spring is installed on the hammer hook swing rod; and a swing rod reset spring is installed on the unhooking swing rod.

[0011] The guide rod type diesel pile hammer of the present invention comprises a top cross beam, a guide rod, a cylinder hammer and a piston, wherein the top cross beam and the piston are respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the guide rod, the cylinder hammer is slidably arranged on the guide rod, and a landing gear is also slidably arranged on the guide rod, and the landing gear is supported by a cylinder hammer hook through a hammer hook pin shaft, the cylinder hammer hook is fixedly connected to the hammer hook swing rod, and the cylinder hammer hook and the hammer hook swing rod fixedly connected to each other can swing synchronously around the axis of the hammer hook pin shaft; an extended end of the hammer hook swing rod is hinged with a decoupling swing rod, and the extended end of the hammer hook swing rod is also provided with a swing limit support surface, and the decoupling swing rod can be supported on the hammer hook swing rod through the swing limit support surface, and the swing limit support surface is arranged at a distance from the hinge support point of the decoupling swing rod; a decoupling bump block is relatively arranged at the extended end of the decoupling swing rod, and the decoupling bump block is installed on a bump block bracket, and the bump block bracket is fixedly connected to the top cross beam and / or the piston.

[0012] Furthermore, the bump block bracket includes two mutually parallel support rods, the unhooking bump block is a pin fixedly installed between the two parallel support rods, the upper end of the support rod is fixedly installed on the top cross beam, and the lower end of the support rod is fixedly installed on the piston.

[0013] Furthermore, the bump block bracket includes two mutually parallel support rods, the unhooking bump block is a swing plate hinged between the two parallel support rods, the upper end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the top crossbeam, and the lower end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the piston.

[0014] Furthermore, a hammer lifting pin is fixedly mounted on the cylinder hammer, and a pin rotating sleeve is movably mounted on the hammer lifting pin.

[0015] Furthermore, a hook hammer spring is installed between the hammer hook swing rod and the landing gear, and a swing rod reset spring is installed between the unhooking swing rod and the hammer hook swing rod.

[0016] In the present invention, since a decoupling swing rod is hingedly connected to an extended end of a hammer hook swing rod fixedly connected to the cylinder hammer hook, and a decoupling bumper is relatively provided at the extended end of the decoupling swing rod, when the cylinder hammer hook, the hammer hook swing rod and the decoupling swing rod are rotatably supported on the landing gear of the pile hammer through the hammer hook pin shaft, as the landing gear falls along the guide rod, the cylinder hammer hook automatically hooks the cylinder hammer pin shaft to lift the cylinder hammer, and when the cylinder hammer is lifted to the decoupling bumper position, the fixed decoupling bumper blocks the decoupling swing rod from moving upward, and forces the decoupling swing rod to drive the hammer hook. The swing arm and the cylinder hammer hook swing away from the cylinder hammer pin, causing the cylinder hammer to fall and sleeve onto the piston to start the pile hammer. This starting process is achieved by the power of the main winch of the lifting hammer. It does not require manual labor to pull the hammer hook lever to achieve the unhooking operation, nor does it require the addition of a special unhooking winch. It not only reduces human intervention and manual operation, reduces labor costs and labor intensity, but also realizes the automatic operation of cylinder hammer unhooking, avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents of starting operators and equipment. In addition, since a pin shaft rotating sleeve is movably mounted on the lifting hammer pin, the pin shaft rotating sleeve changes the sliding unhooking friction between the cylinder hammer hook and the cylinder hammer pin into rolling unhooking friction, which greatly reduces the unhooking resistance, making the unhooking operation easier, smoother and safer. The technical solution of the present invention ingeniously realizes automatic hooking and unhooking operations by adding a hinged rocker structure to the existing pile hammer landing gear, which is not only suitable for the manufacture of new hammers, but also convenient for the transformation of existing pile hammers; in this technical solution, the main winch still provides the cylinder hammer unhooking power, so that the starting, lifting and hoisting of the pile hammer are all completed by the same main winch, reducing the auxiliary equipment used by the pile hammer, and is more suitable for the hoisting operation of the pile hammer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention entering a hook hammer working state;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure in the hook hammer state in the embodiment shown;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 entering a decoupling working state;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment shown in the uncoupling working state;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic unhooking device of the cylinder hammer in the embodiment shown;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the structure shown in another direction;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the hammer pin shaft swivel sleeve.

[0026] Numbers in the figure are: 1—cylinder hammer hook, 2—hammer hook pin, 3—hammer hook swing arm, 4—hook hammer spring, 5—swing arm pin, 6—swing arm return spring, 7—swing limit support surface, 8—unhooking swing arm, 9—unhooking bumper, 10—bumper bracket, 11—top crossbeam, 12—guide rod, 13—landing gear lifting pulley, 14—landing gear, 15—hammer lifting pin, 16—pin swivel sleeve, 17—cylinder hammer, 18—piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] like Figure 1 The guide rod diesel pile hammer shown in the figure comprises a top cross beam 11, a guide rod 12, a cylinder hammer 17 and a piston 18. The top cross beam 11 and the piston 18 are respectively fixedly mounted on the upper and lower ends of two mutually parallel guide rods 12, and a pile cap can be mounted on the bottom surface of the piston 18. The cylinder hammer 17 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 12. When piling, the cylinder hammer 17 slides up and down along the guide rod 12 to bounce and strike. Figure 8 As shown, a lifting hammer pin 15 is fixedly mounted on the cylinder hammer 17, and a pin swivel sleeve 16 is movably mounted on the lifting hammer pin 15. Lubricating grease can be filled on the sliding surfaces of the lifting hammer pin 15 and the pin swivel sleeve 16 to reduce the resistance of the hook hammer. A landing gear 14 is also slidably mounted on the guide rod 12, and the landing gear 14 is located between the top surface of the cylinder hammer 17 and the top crossbeam 11. A landing gear lifting pulley 13 is installed on the landing gear 14, and a winch is connected to the landing gear lifting pulley 13 through a steel cable to achieve the lifting of the cylinder hammer 17 or the pile hammer. A cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device is installed on the landing gear 14 through the hammer hook pin 2.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the cylinder hammer hook 1 slides toward the cylinder hammer 17 along with the landing gear 14, and the top surface of the cylinder hammer hook 1 slides over the pin shaft rotating sleeve 16 and hooks toward the lifting hammer pin shaft 15 and the pin shaft rotating sleeve 16. At this time, the hinged unhooking swing rod 8 is lifted upward by the unhooking bump block 9. Figure 2 As shown, as the cylinder hammer 17 and the cylinder hammer hook 1 continue to descend, the cylinder hammer hook 1 completely hooks the hammer lifting pin 15 and the pin rotating sleeve 16, and the hinged unhooking rocker 8 is lifted and passes over the unhooking bumper 9.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder hammer hook 1 is lifted as the landing gear 14 moves upward along the guide rod 12, and the extended end of the unhooking swing rod 8 contacts the unhooking block 9 to prevent the extended end of the unhooking swing rod 8 from continuing to move upward, forcing the unhooking swing rod 8 and the hammer hook swing rod 3 to drive the cylinder hammer hook 1 to swing together, so that the cylinder hammer hook 1 is separated from the pin shaft rotating sleeve 16 and the hammer lifting pin shaft 15, and the automatic unhooking is completed. Figure 4 As shown, after the cylinder hammer 17 is separated from the cylinder hammer hook 1, the cylinder hole cover of the cylinder hammer 17 moves toward the piston 18 with a piston ring under the action of gravity, completing the start of the pile hammer.

[0030] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 The cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device shown in the figure includes a cylinder hammer hook 1 and a hammer hook swing rod 3. The cylinder hammer hook 1 and the hammer hook swing rod 3 can adopt an integral structure or a structure that is welded and fixedly connected to each other. The hammer hook swing rod 3 and the cylinder hammer hook 1 are L-shaped. The cylinder hammer hook 1 and the hammer hook swing rod 3 that are fixedly connected to each other are rotatably supported on the hammer hook pin 2. The hammer hook pin 2 is fixedly installed on the landing gear 14, so that the hammer hook swing rod 3 and the hammer hook 1 can swing synchronously around the axis of the hammer hook pin 2.

[0031] The protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod 3 is hinged with a decoupling swing rod 8 through a swing rod pin 5. A swing limit support surface 7 is also provided at the protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod 3. The decoupling swing rod 8 can be supported on the swing limit support surface 7 through the support surface thereon, thereby limiting the downward swing angle of the decoupling swing rod 8 on the hammer hook swing rod 3, but not limiting the upward swing of the decoupling swing rod 8; the swing limit support surface 7 is spaced a certain distance from the pin center line of the swing rod pin 5, that is, the swing limit support surface 7 and the hinge axis of the decoupling swing rod 8 are arranged at a distance, so that the hammer hook swing rod 3 can generate a limiting force distance on the decoupling swing rod 8. A swing rod reset spring 6 is also installed between the decoupling swing rod 8 and the protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod 3. When the decoupling swing rod 8 passes over the decoupling bump block 9 and is lifted up, it will swing back to the initial state under the action of the swing rod reset spring 6 and its own weight. A hook hammer spring 4 is installed between the hammer hook swing rod 3 and the landing gear 14. The hook hammer spring 4 enables the cylinder hammer hook 1 to hook the hammer lifting pin 15. A swing limit block is also provided on the landing gear 14 at a corresponding position on the side of the hammer hook swing rod 3 to limit the swing amplitude of the hammer hook swing rod 3.

[0032] A decoupling bumper 9 is provided at the extended end of the decoupling swing rod 8. The decoupling bumper 9 adopts a fixed pin structure, and the fixed pin is fixed to the bumper bracket 10. In this embodiment, the bumper bracket 10 is two rods parallel to each other, the upper ends of the two rods are fixedly mounted on the top cross beam 11, and the lower ends are fixedly mounted on the seat of the piston 18. Three decoupling bumpers 9 are installed on the bumper bracket 10 to meet the cylinder hammer starting height requirements in different piling environments.

[0033] like Figure 7 As shown, the unhooking bumper 9 adopts a movable swing plate structure, and the bumper bracket 10 is still two parallel rods. The unhooking bumper 9 in the swing plate structure is hinged between the two parallel rods, and a swing plate limit stopper is fixedly welded on the upper side of the swing plate facing one end of the landing gear, and the swing plate limit stopper can also be welded on the bumper bracket 10. When the landing gear 14 is lifted from the bottom to the end position of the unhooking bumper 9 with the unhooking swing rod 8, the unhooking bumper 9 is blocked by the swing plate limit stopper to prevent the unhooking swing rod 8 from going up, thereby forcing the unhooking swing rod 8 and the hammer hook swing rod 3 to pry the cylinder hammer hook 1 to swing for unhooking. A swing plate reset spring is installed between the upper side of the unhooking bumper 9 facing away from the landing gear and the bumper bracket 10, and a pull-down control rope or operating rod is installed on the lower side of the end. When the unhooking swing rod 8 passes over the unhooking bumper 9, the spring resets the swing plate and does not touch the unhooking swing rod 8 that is moving up or down. A plurality of unhooking bump blocks 9 in a hinged plate-like structure are mounted on the bump block bracket 10, so that the unhooking bump blocks 9 can be controlled to be in a working state or a non-working state by a control rope or a control lever to meet different cylinder hammer starting height requirements.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are listed above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. There can be many improvements and changes without violating the basic principles of the present invention. For example, the cylinder hammer hook and the hammer hook swing rod are fixedly connected to each other, and the hammer hook pin is swingably installed on the landing gear. In addition to the rod structure, the bump block bracket can also be a cable and other corresponding bracket structures. The bump block bracket can also be installed on the top crossbeam at one end, or installed on the piston at one end. The number and installation spacing of the unhooking bump blocks on the bump block bracket should be selected and determined according to factors such as the pile driving environment and the striking energy. A counterweight can also be set at the other end of the hammer hook swing rod opposite to the hinged end. When the unhooking bump block 9 adopts a movable structure, it can adopt a swing plate structure, a slider structure or a telescopic structure controlled by a connecting rod. These improvements and changes all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder hammer automatic unhooking device, comprising a cylinder hammer hook (1) and a hammer hook pin (2) supporting the cylinder hammer hook (1), characterized in that: The cylinder hammer hook (1) is fixedly connected to the hammer hook swing rod (3), and the cylinder hammer hook (1) and the hammer hook swing rod (3) fixedly connected to each other can swing synchronously around the axis of the hammer hook pin (2); a protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod (3) is hingedly connected to a decoupling swing rod (8), and the protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod (3) is also provided with a swing limit support surface (7), and the decoupling swing rod (8) can be supported on the hammer hook swing rod (3) through the swing limit support surface (7), and the swing limit support surface (7) is arranged at a distance from the hinge axis of the decoupling swing rod (8); a decoupling bumper (9) is arranged opposite to the protruding end of the decoupling swing rod (8); the decoupling bumper (9) is installed on a bumper bracket (10), and the decoupling bumper (9) adopts a fixed structure or a movable structure; a hook hammer spring (4) is installed on the hammer hook swing rod (3); and a swing rod reset spring (6) is installed on the decoupling swing rod (8).

2. The automatic unhooking device for a cylinder hammer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylinder hammer hook (1) and the hammer hook swing rod (3) adopt a split structure or an integral structure that are fixedly connected to each other.

3. The automatic unhooking device for a cylinder hammer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cylinder hammer hook (1) and the hammer hook swing rod (3) which are fixedly connected to each other are fixedly supported on the hammer hook pin shaft (2) or rotatably supported on the hammer hook pin shaft (2).

4. A guide rod type diesel pile hammer, comprising a top cross beam (11), a guide rod (12), a cylinder hammer (17) and a piston (18), wherein the top cross beam (11) and the piston (18) are respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the guide rod (12), the cylinder hammer (17) is slidably mounted on the guide rod (12), a landing gear (14) is also slidably mounted on the guide rod (12), and the landing gear (14) supports a cylinder hammer hook (1) through a hammer hook pin (2), characterized in that: The cylinder hammer hook (1) is fixedly connected to the hammer hook swing rod (3), and the cylinder hammer hook (1) and the hammer hook swing rod (3) fixedly connected to each other can swing synchronously around the axis of the hammer hook pin (2); a protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod (3) is hingedly connected to a decoupling swing rod (8), and the protruding end of the hammer hook swing rod (3) is also provided with a swing limit support surface (7), and the decoupling swing rod (8) can be supported on the hammer hook swing rod (3) through the swing limit support surface (7), and the swing limit support surface (7) is arranged at a distance from the hinge support point of the decoupling swing rod (8); a decoupling bump block (9) is relatively arranged at the protruding end of the decoupling swing rod (8), and the decoupling bump block (9) is relatively arranged at the protruding end of the decoupling swing rod (8), and the decoupling bump block (9) is relatively arranged at the protruding end of the decoupling swing rod (8). The hook bumper (9) is mounted on a bumper bracket (10), and the bumper bracket (10) is fixedly connected to a top cross beam (11) and / or a piston (18); the bumper bracket (10) comprises two mutually parallel support rods, the unhooking bumper (9) is a pin fixedly mounted between the two parallel support rods, the upper end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the top cross beam (11), and the lower end of the support rod is fixedly mounted on the piston (18); a hook hammer spring (4) is mounted between the hammer hook swing rod (3) and the landing gear (14), and a swing rod return spring (6) is mounted between the unhooking swing rod (8) and the hammer hook swing rod (3).

5. The guide rod type diesel pile hammer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unhooking bumper (9) is a swing plate hinged between the two parallel support rods.

6. The guide rod type diesel pile hammer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A hammer lifting pin (15) is fixedly mounted on the cylinder hammer (17), and a pin shaft rotating sleeve (16) is movably sleeved on the hammer lifting pin (15).

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