A permanent magnet DC motor and motor system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of motor technology, and provides a permanent magnet DC motor and a motor system. The permanent magnet DC motor includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes 2p permanent magnets. The rotor is arranged in the stator. The rotor includes a rotating shaft, a rotor chip, a commutator and a coil winding wound on the rotor chip. The rotor chip and the commutator are arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotor chip has a Zd slot structure. The coil winding includes Zd winding elements, and Zd is an even number. The permanent magnet DC motor in this embodiment adopts wave winding, which improves the efficiency and performance of the motor, and solves the vibration and noise problem caused by unilateral magnetic pull in the odd-slot motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of motor technology, and in particular to permanent magnet DC motors and motor systems. Background Art

[0002] Usually, a micro permanent magnet DC motor adopts a multi-poles structure to improve torque density and torque constant, and the winding adopts a single-wave or complex-wave winding. Taking a single-wave winding as an example, the relationship between the composite pitch y and the commutator pitch yk is y=yk=(Zd±1) / p, where the composite pitch refers to the distance between adjacent winding elements on the armature, and the commutator pitch refers to the distance between the outlet ends of the same winding element on the commutator. In the above formula, Zd is the number of unit slots, and p is the number of pole pairs.

[0003] However, in order to ensure that the pitch is an integer, the number of unit slots needs to be set to an odd number. Odd-slot motors have vibration and noise problems caused by unilateral magnetic pull. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a permanent magnet DC motor and a motor system, wherein the permanent magnet DC motor adopts a wave winding, which improves the torque density and torque constant of the motor, improves the motor efficiency and performance, and can solve the vibration and noise problem caused by unilateral magnetic pull in odd-slot motors.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a permanent magnet DC motor, comprising:

[0006] A stator, the stator comprising 2p permanent magnets;

[0007] A rotor is arranged in the stator, the rotor comprising a rotating shaft, a rotor chip, a commutator and a coil winding wound on the rotor chip, the rotor chip and the commutator are arranged on the rotating shaft;

[0008] The rotor chip has Zd slot structures, and the coil winding includes Zd winding elements, wherein Zd is an even number and p is a positive integer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the coil winding is composed of two branches, wherein the winding elements under the N pole in the rotor chip are connected in series to form one branch, and the winding elements under the S pole in the rotor chip are connected in series to form another branch.

[0010] In one embodiment, (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch are connected in series.

[0011] In one embodiment, the commutator includes Zd commutator segments.

[0012] In one embodiment, the output end of the first of the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch is connected to the first commutator segment in the commutator, the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements are connected in series in sequence, the output end of the last of the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements is connected to the second commutator segment in the commutator, and is short-circuited to the third commutator segment.

[0013] In one embodiment, the span of each winding element is y1=Zd / 2p, wherein y1 is an integer and Zd is the number of unit slots.

[0014] In one embodiment, the distance between (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements on the armature is y2=Zd / p-y1.

[0015] In one embodiment, the third commutator segment in the commutator is adjacent to the first commutator segment.

[0016] In one embodiment, the distance between the third commutator segment and the second commutator segment is y=Zd / p.

[0017] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a motor system, comprising a DC permanent magnet motor as described in any one of the above items.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application provides a permanent magnet DC motor and a motor system. The permanent magnet DC motor includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes 2p permanent magnets. The rotor is arranged in the stator. The rotor includes a rotating shaft, a rotor chip, a commutator and a coil winding wound on the rotor chip. The rotor chip and the commutator are arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotor chip has a Zd slot structure. The coil winding includes Zd winding elements, and Zd is an even number. The permanent magnet DC motor in this embodiment adopts wave winding, which improves the efficiency and performance of the motor, and solves the vibration and noise problem caused by unilateral magnetic pull in the odd-slot motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a stator of a permanent magnet DC motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rotor of a permanent magnet DC motor provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the rotor winding of a permanent magnet DC motor provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, a specific embodiment is provided below for illustration.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application provides a permanent magnet DC motor, which includes a stator and a rotor. Specifically, the stator in this embodiment is composed of p pairs of permanent magnets, specifically 2p permanent magnets, and each pair of permanent magnets has opposite polarities and is arranged relative to each other. For example, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stator of a permanent magnet DC motor provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, when p is 2, the number of the permanent magnets 120 is 4, and the permanent magnets 120 are disposed in the housing 110 and supported by the housing 110 .

[0026] In this embodiment, the rotor is disposed in the stator, and the rotor includes a rotating shaft, a rotor chip, a commutator, and a coil winding wound on the rotor chip, and the coil winding includes p winding elements connected in series, where p is a positive integer. Specifically, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor of a permanent magnet DC motor provided in an embodiment of the present application, see Figure 2 As shown, the rotor chip 220 has Zd slot structures. The rotor chip 220 and the commutator 210 are arranged on the rotating shaft 230. The rotating shaft 230 is used to output torque, and the commutator 210 is used to generate a specific torque that can make the rotor rotate in a specific direction.

[0027] In this embodiment, Zd is the number of unit slots, p is the number of pole pairs, the coil windings between adjacent unit slots can form a winding element, the number of turns of the coil windings of each winding element can be set as needed, and the 2p permanent magnets in the stator form p pairs of magnetic poles, and the N pole and the S pole in each pair of magnetic poles are arranged opposite to each other.

[0028] In one embodiment, the commutator 210 includes Zd commutator segments, each of which is provided with a hook, and each hook is connected to a corresponding coil winding on the rotor chip 220.

[0029] In one embodiment, the coil winding is composed of two branches, wherein the winding elements under the N pole in the rotor chip are connected in series to form one branch, and the winding elements under the S pole are connected in series to form another branch.

[0030] In one embodiment, each branch in the coil winding includes (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements, and the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch are connected in series.

[0031] In one embodiment, the output end of the first of the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch is connected to the first commutator segment in the commutator, the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch are connected in series in sequence, the output end of the last of the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch is connected to the second commutator segment in the commutator, and short-circuited to the third commutator segment.

[0032] In one embodiment, the span of each winding element is y1=Zd / 2p, wherein y1 is an integer and Zd is the number of unit slots.

[0033] In one embodiment, the distance between (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements on the armature is y2=Zd / p-y1.

[0034] In one embodiment, the third commutator segment in the commutator 210 is adjacent to the first commutator segment.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the third commutator segment in the commutator 210 is adjacent to the first commutator segment, which means that the third commutator segment is electrically connected to the first commutator segment.

[0036] In one embodiment, the distance between the third commutator segment and the second commutator segment is y=Zd / p.

[0037] In a specific application, see 3, Figure 3 Taking the 6-slot 4-pole motor as an example, Zd=6, p=2, and two winding elements or coils in each branch are connected in series.

[0038] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 As shown, the winding element under the N pole starts from commutator segment 1, commutator segment 1 and commutator segment 4 are short-circuited, and the first coil is located in slot 4 / slot 5. Specifically, slot 4 and slot 5 are wound several times to form a coil, and the span y1=1. Therefore, after advancing y2=2 slots, the second coil (slot 1 / slot 2) is wound between slot 1 and slot 2, and then connected to commutator segment 5, and then short-circuited to commutator segment 2 through a wire.

[0039] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 As shown, commutator segment 2 leads a wire to slot 6 and slot 5 to form a coil, then advances y2 = 2 slots, winds a wire between slot 3 and slot 2 to form a coil, and then connects to commutator segment 6. Commutator segment 6 is short-circuited to commutator segment 3. Commutator segment 3 leads a wire to slot 1 and slot 6 to form a coil between slot 1 and slot 6, then advances y2 = 2 slots, forms a coil between slot 4 and slot 3, and terminates at commutator segment 1.

[0040] An embodiment of the present application further provides a motor system, which includes a DC permanent magnet motor as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0041] An embodiment of the present application provides a permanent magnet DC motor and a motor system. The permanent magnet DC motor includes a stator and a rotor. The stator includes 2p permanent magnets. The rotor is arranged in the stator. The rotor includes a rotating shaft, a rotor chip, a commutator and a coil winding wound on the rotor chip. The rotor chip and the commutator are arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotor chip has a Zd slot structure. The coil winding includes Zd winding elements, where Zd is an even number. The permanent magnet DC motor in this embodiment adopts wave winding, which improves the motor efficiency and performance, and solves the vibration and noise problem caused by unilateral magnetic pull in odd-slot motors.

[0042] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0044] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0045] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminals and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0046] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0047] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0048] If the integrated module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0049] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet DC motor, characterized in that: include: A stator, the stator comprising 2p permanent magnets; A rotor is arranged in the stator, the rotor comprising a rotating shaft, a rotor chip, a commutator and a coil winding wound on the rotor chip, the rotor chip and the commutator are arranged on the rotating shaft; The rotor chip has Zd slot structures, and the coil winding includes Zd winding elements, wherein Zd is an even number and p is a positive integer; The commutator comprises Zd commutator segments; the coil winding is composed of two branches, wherein the winding elements under the N pole in the rotor chip are connected in series to form one branch, and the winding elements under the S pole in the rotor chip are connected in series to form another branch; the outlet end of the first of the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch is connected to the first commutator segment in the commutator, the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements are connected in series in sequence, and the outlet end of the last of the (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements is connected to the second commutator segment in the commutator and short-circuited to the third commutator segment; The third commutator segment in the commutator is adjacent to the first commutator segment, and the distance between the third commutator segment and the second commutator segment is y=Zd / p.

2. The permanent magnet DC motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft is used for outputting torque, and the commutator is used for generating a specific torque to make the rotor rotate in a specific direction.

3. The permanent magnet DC motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements in each branch are connected in series.

4. The permanent magnet DC motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The span of each winding element is y1=Zd / 2p, wherein y1 is an integer and Zd is the number of unit slots.

5. The permanent magnet DC motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between (Zd-2) / 2 winding elements on the armature is y2=Zd / p-y1.

6. A motor system, characterized in that: It comprises a permanent magnet DC motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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