Direct contact type evaporative cooling electric drive system, electric drive assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly discloses a direct contact type evaporative cooling electric drive system, an electric drive assembly and a vehicle. The electric drive system comprises a motor body, a motor inner cooling assembly, a cooling medium pumping assembly and a cooling medium heat exchange assembly; a phase-changeable cooling medium is directly conveyed into an electric drive and gasified after exchanging heat with a stator and a rotor to be heated, heat dissipation, cooling and liquefaction of the cooling medium are achieved through an external heat exchanger, the liquefied cooling medium is conveyed into a motor shell to be subjected to heat exchange circulation, and under the condition that the size of the electric drive is not increased, the cooling performance can be greatly improved; and the electric drive working performance can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a direct-contact evaporative cooling electric drive system, an electric drive assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the core power component of new energy vehicles, the vehicle's power performance mainly depends on the performance of the electric drive itself. When the electric drive is in operation, the stator and rotor will generate a large amount of heat. In order to ensure the efficient output performance of the electric drive force, the stator and rotor components need to be cooled.

[0003] Existing electric drive cooling usually adopts water cooling (not direct contact with the stator and rotor for heat exchange), oil cooling (direct contact with the stator and rotor for heat exchange), and phase change heat pipe (phase change heat pipe is embedded in the stator and rotor for contact heat exchange). Among them, water cooling and oil cooling cannot meet the electric drive heat dissipation requirements under high power performance conditions; and phase change heat pipe cooling will increase the volume of the phase change heat pipe to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, which will lead to a larger electric drive volume and insufficient vehicle layout space. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a direct-contact evaporative cooling electric drive system, electric drive assembly and vehicle, which use a phase-changeable cooling medium to directly contact the stator and rotor for heat exchange. After the cooling medium is vaporized, it can quickly take away the heat, thereby achieving efficient heat dissipation and cooling of the electric drive without affecting the volume of the existing electric drive.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in the present application is: to provide a direct-contact evaporative cooling electric drive system, including a motor body, a motor internal cooling component, a cooling medium pumping component and a cooling medium heat exchange component;

[0006] The motor body includes a motor housing, a rotor, a stator and a rotating shaft;

[0007] The motor internal cooling assembly includes a nozzle; the outlet end of the nozzle points to the ends of the rotor and the stator;

[0008] The cooling medium pumping component delivers the cooling medium into the nozzle through the delivery pump and the delivery channel, and the cooling medium enters the motor housing to absorb heat; the cooling medium after absorbing heat is delivered to the cooling medium heat exchange component through the delivery pump and the delivery channel to dissipate heat and cool down;

[0009] The cooling medium heat exchange component includes a radiator, which is used to dissipate heat and cool the cooling medium;

[0010] The cooling medium after heat dissipation and temperature reduction enters the motor housing again through the cooling medium pumping component to absorb heat, completing the cooling medium heat exchange cycle;

[0011] The cooling medium is made of insulating material, and the boiling point of the cooling medium at normal pressure is 20° C.-150° C.

[0012] Optionally, the motor internal cooling assembly includes a casing flow channel, which is arranged in the motor casing interlayer, and the casing flow channel connects the nozzle with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom of the motor housing is provided with an opening connected to a delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly, so as to deliver the cooling medium out of the motor housing.

[0014] Optionally, an opening communicating with a delivery channel in a cooling medium pumping assembly is provided on the upper portion of the motor housing, so as to deliver the vaporized cooling medium out of the motor housing.

[0015] Optionally, a pressure regulator is provided on the motor housing for adjusting the air pressure in the inner cavity of the motor housing.

[0016] Optionally, a condenser is provided on the inner wall of the motor housing to cool the cooling medium in the motor housing.

[0017] Optionally, a stator flow channel is provided in the stator, and the stator flow channel is communicated with the shell flow channel.

[0018] Optionally, a shaft flow channel is provided in the shaft, and the shaft flow channel is connected to a delivery channel in a cooling medium pumping assembly; a portion of the shaft flow channel located in the motor housing is provided with an opening for delivering the cooling medium into the motor housing.

[0019] Optionally, a rotor flow channel is provided in the rotor, and the rotor flow channel is communicated with the shaft flow channel.

[0020] The present application also includes a second technical solution, which provides an electric drive assembly, including an electric drive controller and the above-mentioned electric drive system, wherein the electric drive controller is used to control the operation of various components in the electric drive system.

[0021] The present application also includes a third technical solution, which provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned electric drive assembly.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: Different from the prior art, the present application provides a direct-contact evaporative cooling electric drive system, which directly transports a phase-changeable cooling medium to the inside of the electric drive, exchanges heat with the stator and rotor to increase the temperature, and then evaporates and vaporizes, and then uses an external heat exchanger to dissipate heat, cool down and liquefy the cooling medium. The liquefied cooling medium is then transported to the motor housing for a heat exchange cycle, which can greatly improve the cooling performance without increasing the volume of the electric drive, and can effectively improve the working performance of the electric drive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings, where:

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0025] Reference numerals in the drawings: 1 - motor body, 11 - motor housing, 12 - rotor, 13 - stator, 15 - rotating shaft, 21 - nozzle, 22 - stator flow channel, 23 - rotor flow channel, 24 - housing flow channel, 25 - rotating shaft flow channel, 31 - first delivery channel, 32 - second delivery channel, 33 - third delivery channel, 34 - fourth delivery channel, 41 - first delivery pump, 42 - second delivery pump, 43 - third delivery pump, 44 - fourth delivery pump, 5 - radiator, 6 - storage tank, 8 - condenser, 9 - voltage regulator. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present application more apparent and understandable, the following will give a detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present application in conjunction with the drawings. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than limiting the present application. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present application rather than all the structures are shown in the drawings. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] Referring to "embodiments" in this article means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0028] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic structural diagram of the present application.

[0031] In one aspect of the present application, a direct-contact evaporative cooling electric drive system is provided, which includes a motor body 1, an internal motor cooling component, a cooling medium pumping component, and a cooling medium heat exchange component; the motor body 1 includes a motor housing 11, a rotor 12, a stator 13, and a rotating shaft 15; the internal motor cooling component includes a nozzle 21; the outlet end of the nozzle 21 points to the ends of the rotor 12 and the stator 13; the cooling medium pumping component sends the cooling medium into the nozzle 21 through a delivery pump and a delivery channel, and the cooling medium sprays from the nozzle 21 towards the ends of the stator and the rotor, absorbs heat after contacting the ends of the stator and the rotor, part of the cooling medium evaporates and gasifies after absorbing heat, and part remains in a liquid state after absorbing heat and gradually flows to the bottom of the motor housing 11; the heated cooling medium (gaseous and liquid) is sent into the cooling medium heat exchange component - radiator 5 through the delivery pump and the delivery channel for heat dissipation and temperature reduction; after the heat dissipation and temperature reduction are completed externally, the cooling medium (returning to a liquid state) re-enters the motor housing 11 through the cooling medium pumping component to absorb heat, completing the cooling medium heat exchange cycle; compared with oil cooling media, rapid and efficient heat exchange can be achieved, thereby significantly improving the cooling efficiency and the electric driving force performance without changing the structure of the original oil-cooled motor; at the same time, there is no need to modify the structure of the original oil-cooled motor, and only a radiator and pipelines need to be arranged outside the motor, greatly reducing the modification cost.

[0032] The cooling medium is an insulating, low-temperature (20°C - 150°C) phase change material, which can evaporate and gasify from a liquid state under normal pressure (standard atmospheric pressure) and low-temperature (20°C - 150°C) heating. The cooling medium can adopt perfluorocarbon compounds (PFC), such as FC3283 (normal boiling point 128°C) and FC770 (normal boiling point 95°C);

[0033] It can also adopt hydrofluoroether compounds (HFE), such as Novec7300 (normal boiling point 98°C) and Novec7500 (normal boiling point 128°C).

[0034] In a specific embodiment, the internal cooling assembly of the motor includes a housing flow channel 24 disposed within the interlayer of the motor housing 11. The housing flow channel 24 connects the nozzle 21 with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly. Arranging the flow channel within the housing can reduce the space occupied by external pipeline arrangements while exchanging heat during the delivery process.

[0035] Preferably, the housing flow channel can adopt the housing oil circuit in the original oil-cooled motor, further reducing the modification cost of the electric drive structure / oil circuit.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present application, an opening communicating with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly is provided at the bottom of the motor housing 11 for sending the cooling medium out of the motor housing 11. Considering that part of the phase change cooling medium is not vaporized and remains in a liquid state, setting an outlet at the bottom of the motor housing can discharge the unvaporized cooling medium for heat dissipation.

[0037] Preferably, the bottom opening of the motor housing 11 can adopt the bottom oil circuit in the original oil-cooled motor, further reducing the modification cost of the electric drive structure / oil circuit.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present application, an opening communicating with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly is provided at the upper part of the motor housing 11 for sending the vaporized cooling medium out of the motor housing 11. The vaporized cooling medium will be located at the upper part of the motor housing, facilitating discharge through the upper opening for heat dissipation.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, a voltage regulator 9 is provided on the motor housing 11 for adjusting the air pressure within the inner cavity of the motor housing 11.

[0040] When the electric drive is in operation, it may occur that the external radiator dissipates heat slowly, resulting in the vaporized cooling medium not being discharged from the motor housing in a timely manner and accumulating within the motor housing, forming a high pressure. At this time, the gasification condition of the cooling medium will deteriorate, and a higher temperature is required for gasification, thereby reducing the cooling efficiency. By setting the voltage regulator 9, the pressure of the motor housing can be reduced to ensure that the cooling medium is in a good gasification environment and maintain high-efficiency heat exchange cooling.

[0041] Preferably, under long-term and high-power output operating conditions, the "conventional" (referring to the preset standard pressure) pressure within the motor housing can be actively reduced through the voltage regulator 9, thereby improving the cooling efficiency inside the electric drive without changing the external heat exchange power.

[0042] Preferably, under cold weather / surrounding environmental conditions, the pressure within the motor housing 11 can be actively increased through the voltage regulator 9, which can promote the rapid increase in the temperature within the motor housing 11, facilitate the electric drive to reach a "good" operating temperature state within a short period of time, and also improve the operating performance of the electric drive.

[0043] Preferably, two sets of voltage regulators 9 can be arranged in parallel at the same time, namely a pressure reducer and a booster, to adapt to the different working conditions that require pressure reduction and pressure increase as described above.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, a condenser 8 is provided on the inner side wall of the motor housing 11 for cooling the cooling medium in the motor housing 11. On the one hand, the partially vaporized cooling medium in the motor housing 11 contacts the condenser 8 for heat exchange and then liquefies, falling to the bottom of the motor housing 11, realizing the rapid heat exchange of the vaporized cooling medium. On the other hand, after the liquid cooling medium is cooled, it mixes with the high-temperature cooling medium at the bottom of the motor housing 11, which can realize the rapid double (relative to the radiator 5 cooling) cooling of the liquid cooling medium and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling medium. On the third hand, arranging the condenser 8 in the motor housing 11 can also realize the rapid cooling of the environment in the motor housing cavity. Through the above three aspects, the cooling efficiency of the electric drive can be greatly improved.

[0045] The necessary components such as the compressor and evaporator that cooperate with the condenser 8 are arranged outside the motor housing (not shown in the figure) to ensure the normal operation of the condenser 8.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present application, a stator flow channel 22 is provided in the stator 13, and the stator flow channel 22 is communicated with the housing flow channel 24. When the cooling medium enters through the housing flow channel 24, it synchronously flows into the stator flow channel 22 to uniformly dissipate heat from the stator.

[0047] Preferably, the stator flow channel can adopt the stator oil channel in the original oil-cooled motor to reduce the modification cost.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present application, a shaft flow channel 25 is provided in the rotating shaft 15, and the shaft flow channel 25 is communicated with the conveying channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly; an opening is provided in the part of the shaft flow channel 25 located in the motor housing 11 for sending the cooling medium into the interior of the motor housing 11. The cooling medium is pressurized by a conveying pump and then sprayed into the motor housing 11 through the shaft flow channel, and can be sprayed to positions such as bearings, the interior of the housing, and the rotor end for heat exchange and cooling.

[0049] Preferably, the shaft flow channel can adopt the shaft oil channel in the original oil-cooled motor to reduce the modification cost.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, a rotor flow channel 23 is provided in the rotor 12, and the rotor flow channel 23 is communicated with the shaft flow channel 25. After the cooling medium enters the rotating shaft through the conveying pump, it then flows into the rotor flow channel to exchange heat and cool the rotor.

[0051] Preferably, the rotor flow channel can adopt the rotor oil channel in the original oil-cooled motor to reduce the modification cost.

[0052] Preferably, a liquid cooling mechanism is stored in the storage tank 6, and the heat exchange cycle of the cooling medium is as follows:

[0053] Through the first conveying channel 31 and the first conveying pump 41, the cooling medium is conveyed to the housing flow channel 24, the stator flow channel 22 and the nozzle 21 for heat absorption.

[0054] Through the second conveying channel 32 and the second conveying pump 42, the cooling medium is conveyed to the shaft flow channel 25 and the rotor flow channel 23 for heat absorption.

[0055] The liquid cooling medium in the motor housing 11 is conveyed to the radiator 5 through the third conveying channel 33 and the third conveying pump 43 for heat dissipation.

[0056] The vaporized cooling medium in the motor housing 11 is conveyed to the radiator 5 through the fourth conveying channel 34 and the fourth conveying pump 44 for heat dissipation and liquefaction.

[0057] After heat dissipation, the liquid cooling medium flows back to the storage tank 6 for standby.

[0058] Among them, the third conveying pump 43 and the fourth conveying pump 44 can suck with a larger flow rate to reduce the accumulation of high-temperature gaseous and liquid cooling media in the motor housing and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, no nozzle 21 is provided in the motor housing 11, and only the housing flow channel 24, the rotor flow channel 23, the stator flow channel 22 and the shaft flow channel 25 are provided. Cooling can also be achieved. After the cooling medium enters the motor housing, it directly contacts the stator and rotor for efficient heat exchange.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, no opening for discharging the vaporized cooling medium is provided in the upper part of the motor housing 11, and the pressure regulation in the motor housing and the heat exchange and liquefaction effect of the vaporized cooling medium are achieved only through the condenser 8 and the pressure regulator 9. At this time, the contact area of the condenser 8 with the internal environment in the motor housing needs to be arranged larger (such as a microporous condenser), and the working efficiency is higher.

[0061] On the other hand, the present application provides an electric drive assembly. A plurality of control components are provided in the electric drive controller. Temperature sensors are provided at the end of the stator or other parts in the motor housing to detect the temperature and transmit the signal back to the electric drive controller. The electric drive controller automatically controls the working states of related components such as conveying pumps, radiators, condensers, and pressure regulators according to the temperature signal and the preset temperature regulation strategy to achieve automatic control of the electric drive temperature. At the same time, it also has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned direct-contact evaporation cooling electric drive system, which will not be elaborated here.

[0062] On yet another aspect, the present application provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned electric drive assembly. Therefore, it also has the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned electric drive assembly, which will not be elaborated here.

[0063] It should be noted that terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not require the components to be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but can be slightly inclined; terms such as "parallel" and "perpendicular" do not mean that the fittings are absolutely parallel or perpendicular to each other, but can have a certain angular deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. In addition, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the products of this application are usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0064] It can be understood that the meaning of "a plurality of" in this article is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless there are specific restrictive descriptions. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The term "and / or" simply describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0065] The above are only the implementation manners of this application, and do not limit the patent scope of this application accordingly. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A direct contact evaporative cooling electric drive system, characterized in that: It includes a motor body, a motor internal cooling component, a cooling medium pumping component and a cooling medium heat exchange component; The motor body includes a motor housing, a rotor, a stator and a rotating shaft; The motor internal cooling assembly includes a nozzle; the outlet end of the nozzle points to the ends of the rotor and the stator; The cooling medium pumping component delivers the cooling medium into the nozzle through the delivery pump and the delivery channel, and the cooling medium enters the motor housing to absorb heat; the cooling medium after absorbing heat is delivered to the cooling medium heat exchange component through the delivery pump and the delivery channel to dissipate heat and cool down; The cooling medium heat exchange component includes a radiator, which is used to dissipate heat and cool the cooling medium; The cooling medium after heat dissipation and temperature reduction enters the motor housing again through the cooling medium pumping component to absorb heat, completing the cooling medium heat exchange cycle; The cooling medium is made of insulating material, and the boiling point of the cooling medium at normal pressure is 20° C.-150° C.

2. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor internal cooling assembly comprises a housing flow channel, which is arranged in the motor housing interlayer and connects the nozzle with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly.

3. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the motor housing is provided with an opening which is communicated with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly and is used for delivering the cooling medium out of the motor housing.

4. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the motor housing is provided with an opening which is communicated with the delivery channel in the cooling medium pumping assembly and is used for delivering the gasified cooling medium out of the motor housing.

5. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor housing is provided with a pressure regulator for adjusting the air pressure in the cavity of the motor housing.

6. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A condenser is arranged on the inner wall of the motor housing to cool the cooling medium in the motor housing.

7. The electric drive system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stator flow channel is arranged in the stator, and the stator flow channel is communicated with the shell flow channel.

8. The electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaft flow channel is arranged in the shaft, and the shaft flow channel is communicated with a delivery channel in a cooling medium pumping assembly; an opening is arranged at a portion of the shaft flow channel located in the motor housing, for delivering the cooling medium into the motor housing.

9. The electric drive system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotor flow channel is arranged in the rotor, and the rotor flow channel is communicated with the shaft flow channel.

10. An electric drive assembly, characterized in that: include: Electric drive controller; In the electric drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the electric drive controller is used to control the operation of each component in the electric drive system.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: Including the electric drive assembly as described in claim 10.

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