Formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant decorative fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a formaldehyde-removing, flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric and its preparation method, addressing the issues of formaldehyde pollution and flammability in indoor and rail transit vehicle air. The fabric purifies air, absorbs volatile formaldehyde, and exhibits flame retardancy and decorative properties. The technical solution is as follows: The formaldehyde-removing, flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric comprises a base fabric layer woven from a blend of flame-retardant polyester and cotton fibers, with a formaldehyde-removing agent coated on the back. This fabric imparts special features to traditional rail transit fabrics, retaining the aesthetics of traditional fabrics while enhancing formaldehyde removal and flame retardancy, effectively removing formaldehyde and other polar substances from the air inside rail transit vehicles. Optimization has resulted in a formaldehyde removal rate exceeding 97.9%. Its simple structure, low price, and straightforward preparation method enable continuous industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of textile materials, in particular to a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric and a preparation method thereof, which is suitable for interior decoration of rail transportation vehicle carriages. Background Art

[0002] Fabric is a common decorative material. Due to people's diverse needs, fabric has become a necessity in many people's daily lives. This includes clothing, curtains, quilt covers, seat covers, carpets, and more. Common fabrics include cotton, linen, silk, woolen, leather, chemical fiber, and blended fabrics. These fabrics are processed through printing and dyeing to create fabrics suitable for various applications in various fields.

[0003] With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the problem of air pollution has attracted people's attention, and health has become a topic of concern to people. Through a large number of social questionnaire surveys, it is concluded that the vast majority of people spend more than 85% of their time living and working in indoor spaces every day. Harmful substances in indoor spaces are constantly affecting people's health, especially the formaldehyde components contained in various decorations, which have a particularly serious impact on human health after volatilization. People take rail transportation vehicles such as subways, trams, light rails and trains on a daily basis. The decorations in the carriages will also volatilize a large amount of formaldehyde. The carriage space is small, the air circulation is poor, the crowds are dense, and the air quality is even worse. In addition, ordinary exterior decorative fabrics are mostly made of blended chemical fiber materials and / or cotton fiber materials, which are easy to burn when exposed to fire and are not flame retardant. The existing special fabrics used in rail transportation vehicle carriages are generally traditional fabrics, which only have decorative effects and are relatively simple in function. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a flame-retardant formaldehyde-removing exterior decorative fabric. This material addresses the problem of air pollution, particularly formaldehyde pollution, caused by exterior decorations in indoor spaces and rail transit vehicles, as well as the problem of combustion caused by these decorations. The fabric purifies the air, absorbs volatile formaldehyde, and provides flame retardancy and decorative properties. The present invention also provides a method for preparing the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, addressing the manufacturing challenges of the fabric. The fabric effectively and long-term absorbs formaldehyde from the air, providing flame retardancy and decorative properties.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric includes a base fabric layer, and the technical key points are: the base fabric layer is a flame-retardant fabric layer blended from flame-retardant polyester fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber, and a formaldehyde-removing agent layer is coated on the back of the flame-retardant fabric layer.

[0006] The mass percentages of the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant cloth layer are: 80% to 90% flame-retardant polyester fiber and 10% to 20% flame-retardant cotton fiber; the mass fraction ratios of the formaldehyde removal agent components are: 30-80 parts of amino acids, 20-30 parts of organic amine compounds, 10-20 parts of nano zinc oxide, 50-100 parts of adsorbents, 5-10 parts of thickeners, 8-12 parts of dispersants, and 5-8 parts of softeners.

[0007] The adsorbent is an active silicon adsorbent.

[0008] The amino acids are products of protein hydrolysis or sugar fermentation, and specifically include: a mixture of one or more of glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, cysteine, cystine, methionine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamine, lysine, hydroxylysine, arginine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, proline, and hydroxyproline.

[0009] The organic amine compound is ethylenediamine;

[0010] The titanium dioxide is rutile nano-titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 5 to 10 nm; the zinc oxide particle size is 5 to 10 nm.

[0011] The dispersant is hard amide.

[0012] The stabilizer is calcium stearate.

[0013] The softener is an ester-based quaternary ammonium salt.

[0014] The antioxidant is tea polyphenols.

[0015] The preparation method of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric is as follows: flame-retardant polyester fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber are blended to form a flame-retardant fabric layer, and a formaldehyde-removing agent is applied to the back of the flame-retardant fabric layer to form a formaldehyde-removing agent layer; then, the formaldehyde-removing agent layer is dried in a drying oven at a drying temperature of 100-120°C for 20-30 seconds; then, the formaldehyde-removing agent layer is baked at a baking temperature of 140-160°C for 1-3 minutes; finally, the formaldehyde-removing agent layer is cooled and rolled up. The formaldehyde-removing agent layer is prepared using deionized water as a solvent to form a 25wt% solution, and the amount of the formaldehyde-removing agent layer is 1-10g / m 2 When in use, the flame retardant cloth layer is the surface layer, and the formaldehyde removal agent layer is the formaldehyde removal agent on the back of the cloth.

[0016] Preparation method of formaldehyde removal agent solution: first heat deionized water to a constant temperature of 50°C, add amino acids and organic amine compounds and stir for 30 minutes, then add thickener and stir for 30 minutes, then add zinc oxide and adsorbent, stir for 1 hour, finally add dispersant and softener and stir for 2 hours, cool to room temperature and let stand for 1 hour before making it.

[0017] The present invention offers the following positive effects: The flame-retardant base fabric layer is a blend of flame-retardant polyester and cotton fibers, with a formaldehyde removal agent coated on the back of the flame-retardant fabric. This ingenious integration of the flame-retardant material and the formaldehyde removal agent creates a fabric that simultaneously possesses flame-retardant and formaldehyde-removing properties, making it suitable for exterior decorative applications. In use, the back of the flame-retardant fabric faces the interior attachments (such as the carboard or seats), while the front faces outward. This ensures the formaldehyde removal agent adheres securely and allows the flame-retardant fabric to absorb harmful substances such as formaldehyde from the air. This invention imparts special features to conventional rail transit fabrics, retaining the aesthetic appeal of traditional fabrics while enhancing formaldehyde removal and flame-retardant properties, effectively removing polar substances such as formaldehyde from the air within rail transit vehicles. Optimization has resulted in a formaldehyde removal rate exceeding 97.9%. The fabric has a simple structure, low cost, and straightforward preparation method, enabling continuous industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] according to Figure 1 The present invention will be described in detail. In Example 1, a flame-retardant, formaldehyde-removing exterior decorative fabric comprises a base fabric layer 1 woven from a blend of flame-retardant polyester and cotton fibers. A formaldehyde-removing agent layer 2 is applied to the back of the flame-retardant fabric layer 1. The back of the flame-retardant fabric layer faces the interior vehicle (such as the vehicle floor or seats) during use, while the front of the flame-retardant fabric layer faces outward. This ensures the formaldehyde-removing agent layer remains firmly attached and absorbs harmful substances such as formaldehyde from the air through the flame-retardant fabric layer.

[0021] Among them, the two fiber materials in the flame retardant cloth layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame retardant polyester fiber 85%, flame retardant cotton fiber 15%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 50 parts, organic amine compound 20 parts, zinc oxide 10 parts, adsorbent 60 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts, the concentration of the formaldehyde removal agent solution is 30wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 4g / m 2 The adhesive may be a polyurethane adhesive, which is formed by the addition polymerization of an organic diisocyanate or polyisocyanate and a dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compound.

[0022] The adsorbent may be an activated silicon adsorbent.

[0023] Amino acids can be products of protein hydrolysis or sugar fermentation, specifically including: a mixture of one or more of glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, cysteine, cystine, methionine, aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamine, lysine, hydroxylysine, arginine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, proline, and hydroxyproline.

[0024] The organic amine compound can be ethylenediamine;

[0025] Titanium dioxide can be rutile nano-titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 5nm, 8nm or 10nm; zinc oxide particles can be 5nm, 8nm or 10nm in size.

[0026] The dispersant may be hard amide; the stabilizer may be calcium stearate; the softener may be ester quaternary ammonium salt; and the antioxidant may be tea polyphenols.

[0027] The preparation method of the above-mentioned formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric is as follows: flame-retardant polyester fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber are blended to form a flame-retardant fabric layer, and a formaldehyde removal agent or a formaldehyde-removing agent is applied on one side of the flame-retardant fabric layer to form a formaldehyde removal agent layer; then the formaldehyde removal agent layer is dried in a drying oven at a drying temperature of 100-120°C for 20-30s; then the formaldehyde removal agent layer is baked at a baking temperature of 140-160°C for 1-3min, and finally the formaldehyde removal agent layer is cooled and rolled up. The process of forming the formaldehyde removal agent layer and then rolling up the formaldehyde removal agent layer is as follows: deionized water is used as a solvent to prepare a 25wt% solution, and the amount of the formaldehyde removal agent layer is 1-10g / m 2 When in use, the flame retardant cloth layer is the surface layer, and the formaldehyde removal agent layer is the formaldehyde removal agent on the back of the cloth.

[0028] The adsorbent in the embodiments of the present invention efficiently absorbs free formaldehyde in the air, condensing it into a liquid. The mechanism is as follows: Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide act as catalysts, causing formaldehyde in the air to react chemically with amino acids and organic amines at room temperature, forming a stable polymer compound and water. Under ultraviolet light and normal lighting conditions, formaldehyde decomposes into carbon dioxide and water, accelerating the reaction rate between formaldehyde and amino acids and organic amines. When the absolute dry weight of the formaldehyde-removing agent is 1g / m², the formaldehyde removal efficiency of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric is less than 60%. When the absolute dry weight of the formaldehyde-removing agent is 4g / m², the formaldehyde removal efficiency is greater than 90%. When the absolute dry weight of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric is 6g / m², the formaldehyde removal efficiency is greater than 98%.

[0029] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 1:

[0030]

[0031] After testing, the formaldehyde removal rate of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process preparation method reached 96%.

[0032] The formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric is used as an exterior decorative fabric on interior decorations of indoor spaces or vehicle compartments, such as wall panels, sidings, and seat covers, to purify the air and remove formaldehyde. In the event of a fire, the fabric does not burn and acts as a flame retardant.

[0033] Example 2, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: 80% flame-retardant polyester fiber and 20% flame-retardant cotton fiber; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: 50 parts amino acid, 20 parts organic amine compound, 10 parts zinc oxide, 60 parts adsorbent, 8 parts thickener, 8 parts dispersant, and 8 parts softener; the concentration of the formaldehyde removal agent solution is 35wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 4g / m 2 The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the formaldehyde-retardant decorative fabric is also as in Example 1.

[0034] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 2:

[0035]

[0036] After testing, the formaldehyde removal rate of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process preparation method reached 97.5%.

[0037] Example 3, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame-retardant polyester fiber 85%, flame-retardant cotton fiber 15%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 55 parts, organic amine compound 20 parts, zinc oxide 15 parts, adsorbent 60 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts; the formaldehyde removal agent solution concentration is 35wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 5g / m 2 The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the above-mentioned decorative fabric except for the formaldehyde flame retardant is also as in Example 1.

[0038] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 3:

[0039]

[0040] After testing, the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process preparation method has a formaldehyde removal rate of 98.2%.

[0041] Example 4, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame-retardant polyester fiber 85%, flame-retardant cotton fiber 15%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 80 parts, organic amine compound 20 parts, zinc oxide 20 parts, adsorbent 100 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts, the formaldehyde removal agent solution concentration is 30wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 4g / m 2 The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the above-mentioned decorative fabric except for the formaldehyde flame retardant is also as in Example 1.

[0042] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 4:

[0043]

[0044] After testing, the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process preparation method has a formaldehyde removal rate of 98.5%.

[0045] Example 5, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame-retardant polyester fiber 85%, flame-retardant cotton fiber 15%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 50 parts, organic amine compound 20 parts, zinc oxide 10 parts, adsorbent 60 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts, the formaldehyde removal agent solution concentration is 30wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 6g / m 2 The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the above-mentioned decorative fabric except for the formaldehyde flame retardant is also as in Example 1.

[0046] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 5:

[0047]

[0048] After testing, the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process has a formaldehyde removal rate of 98.4%.

[0049] Example 6, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame-retardant polyester fiber 85%, flame-retardant cotton fiber 15%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 70 parts, organic amine compound 20 parts, zinc oxide 15 parts, adsorbent 60 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts, the formaldehyde removal agent solution concentration is 30wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 4g / m 2The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the above-mentioned decorative fabric except for the formaldehyde flame retardant is also as in Example 1.

[0050] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 6:

[0051]

[0052] After testing, the formaldehyde removal rate of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process preparation method reached 97.9%.

[0053] Example 7, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame-retardant polyester fiber 90%, flame-retardant cotton fiber 10%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 60 parts, organic amine compound 20 parts, zinc oxide 20 parts, adsorbent 60 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts, the formaldehyde removal agent solution concentration is 35wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 8g / m 2 The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the above-mentioned decorative fabric except for the formaldehyde flame retardant is also as in Example 1.

[0054] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 7:

[0055]

[0056] After testing, the formaldehyde removal rate of the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process preparation method reached 98.8%.

[0057] Example 8, a formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric, based on Example 1, wherein the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant fabric layer can be used in the following mass percentages: flame-retardant polyester fiber 90%, flame-retardant cotton fiber 10%; the mass fraction ratio of the formaldehyde removal agent components is: amino acid 65 parts, organic amine compound 25 parts, zinc oxide 15 parts, adsorbent 70 parts, thickener 8 parts, dispersant 8 parts, softener 8 parts, the formaldehyde removal agent solution concentration is 35wt%, and the absolute dry mass of the formaldehyde removal agent is 5g / m 2 The amounts of adhesive, adsorbent and other components are as in Example 1. The preparation method of the above-mentioned decorative fabric except for the formaldehyde flame retardant is also as in Example 1.

[0058] The formaldehyde removal test results of flame retardant fabrics are shown in Table 8:

[0059]

[0060] After testing, the formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant fabric manufactured by the above-mentioned process has a formaldehyde removal rate of 98.3%.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the components can be adjusted as needed: 20-30 parts of organic amine compound, 50-100 parts of adsorbent, 5-10 parts of thickener, 8-12 parts of dispersant, and 5-8 parts of softener.

[0062] The embodiment of the present invention was tested, and 0.2m of the formaldehyde-retardant decorative fabric of Example 1 was taken. 2 As a sample, put it into a 50L bag, inject a certain amount of pollutants (including formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and styrene) into the bag, mix them thoroughly, let it stand at 25℃ for 16 hours, and test the content of formaldehyde, total VOD and main released substances in the gas in the bag; take a bag of the same size (without sample), put it into a 50L bag, inject a certain amount of pollutants (including formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and styrene) into the bag, mix them thoroughly, let it stand at 25℃ for 16 hours, and test the content of formaldehyde, total VOD and main released substances in the gas in the bag.

[0063] The test results of comparative analysis are as follows: the formaldehyde capture tube in the bag with the sample captured 0.149μg / tube, and the formaldehyde capture tube in the blank bag captured 0.772μg / tube, indicating that in addition to being flame retardant, decorative fabrics can also absorb a large amount of formaldehyde.

[0064] The following table summarizes the test results of samples, blanks and spiked samples.

[0065]

[0066] From the test results in the table above we can see that:

[0067] (1) The concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOC released by the samples were low;

[0068] (2) Benzene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and styrene were not detected during sample testing. These substances detected after spiked samples were mainly derived from the injected pollutants.

[0069] (3) Compared with the test results of the blank spiked sample, after a certain concentration of pollutants was injected into the test bag during the sample test, the formaldehyde and TVOC in the sampling bag showed a certain amount of attenuation.

[0070] In summary, the purpose of the present invention is achieved.

Claims

1. A formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant decorative fabric comprising a base fabric layer, characterized in that: The base fabric layer is a flame retardant fabric layer made of a blend of flame retardant polyester fiber and flame retardant cotton fiber, and a formaldehyde removal agent layer is coated on the back of the flame retardant fabric layer; The mass percentages of the two fiber materials in the flame-retardant cloth layer are: 80% to 90% flame-retardant polyester fiber and 10% to 20% flame-retardant cotton fiber; the mass fraction ratios of the formaldehyde removal agent components are: 30-80 parts of amino acid, 20-30 parts of organic amine compound, 10-20 parts of nano zinc oxide, 50-100 parts of adsorbent, 5-10 parts of thickener, 8-12 parts of dispersant, and 5-8 parts of softener; Preparation method of formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric: flame-retardant polyester fiber and flame-retardant cotton fiber are blended to form a flame-retardant fabric layer, and a formaldehyde removal agent is applied on the back of the flame-retardant fabric layer to form a formaldehyde removal agent layer; then, the fabric is dried in a drying oven at a drying temperature of 100-120°C for 20-30 seconds; then, the fabric is baked at a baking temperature of 140-160°C for 1-3 minutes; finally, the fabric is cooled and rolled up; wherein, the formaldehyde removal agent uses deionized water as a solvent to prepare a formaldehyde removal agent solution with a solubility of 25wt%, and the amount of the formaldehyde removal agent used is 1-10g / m 2 Preparation method of formaldehyde removal agent solution: first, heat deionized water to a constant temperature of 50°C, add amino acids and organic amine compounds and stir for 30 minutes, then add thickener and stir for 30 minutes, then add zinc oxide and adsorbent and stir for 1 hour, finally add dispersant and softener and stir for 2 hours, cool to room temperature and let stand for 1 hour to prepare; When in use, the flame retardant fabric layer has its back side facing the attachments in the vehicle compartment and its front side facing outward.

2. The formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant decorative fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic amine compound is ethylenediamine.

3. The formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant exterior decorative fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The zinc oxide particle size is 5 to 10 nm.

4. The formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant decorative fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersant is hard amide.

5. The formaldehyde-removing flame-retardant decorative fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The softener is an ester-based quaternary ammonium salt.

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