A dual-port dual-polarization broadband V / UHF composite antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna, which relates to the field of airborne V / UHF communication / reconnaissance / early warning technology, and comprises a dielectric substrate, an antenna bottom plate, and a composite antenna, wherein the composite antenna is printed on the front of the dielectric substrate. The dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna, through the dielectric substrate, the composite antenna printed on the front of the dielectric substrate, and the antenna bottom plate, ensures that the dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna can overcome the shortcomings of a large number of antennas, a large occupied space, and low isolation in a multi-antenna system, thereby solving the problem that the current composite antenna stacks two radiators of the antenna up and down to meet the requirements of various functions for the radiation pattern, which will greatly increase the height of the antenna, have a great impact on the aerodynamic shape of the carrier aircraft, and there are safety hazards such as antenna breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of airborne V / UHF communication / reconnaissance / early warning, and in particular to a dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna. Background Art

[0002] The existing airborne V / UHF antennas are generally vertically polarized antennas with operating frequencies within the V / UHF frequency band and relatively simple functions. For aircraft with reconnaissance and early warning functions, it is often necessary to arrange dozens or even dozens of V / UHF antennas. The operating frequencies and radiation directions of the antennas overlap, and the mutual shielding and interference are serious. The isolation between the antennas is also difficult to meet the requirements, which brings great difficulties to the layout of the antenna of the whole machine. Therefore, the demand for multi-antenna composite is more and more urgent. However, for antennas in the V / UHF frequency band, due to the longer working wavelength, in order to meet the performance requirements, the antenna volume needs to be larger. However, as an airborne antenna, the antenna is required to have a streamlined shape and the height must be as low as possible to reduce the impact on the aerodynamic shape of the carrier aircraft. Therefore, the volume limitation is the main difficulty in the design of V / UHF frequency band airborne antennas. For dual-port V / UHF composite antennas, the antenna of one port basically reaches the volume. The upper limit of the limitation is that if another port antenna is added on it, the spatial arrangement is very difficult, and because the operating frequencies of the two ports are similar / overlapping, the isolation between the ports is difficult to improve. The V / UHF communication function requires the antenna operating frequency to span the VHF and UHF bands, vertical polarization, horizontal omnidirectional, and pitch ±30° to ensure the communication between the carrier and the ground station in various flight attitudes, while the reconnaissance function requires the antenna to work in the UHF band with horizontal polarization, 45°~135°&225°~315° on the horizontal plane, and pitch ±30° to achieve the direction finding function of the target. Usually, the design of this type of composite antenna stacks the two radiators of the antenna up and down to meet the requirements of each function for the radiation pattern, but this method is bound to greatly increase the antenna height, which has a great impact on the aerodynamic shape of the carrier aircraft, and there are safety hazards such as antenna breakage. Therefore, a dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna is proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-port dual-polarization wide-band V / UHF composite antenna, which solves the problem that the current composite antenna stacks the two radiators of the antenna up and down to meet the requirements of various functions for the radiation pattern, which will greatly increase the height of the antenna, have a great impact on the aerodynamic shape of the carrier aircraft, and there are safety hazards such as antenna breakage.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a dual-port dual-polarization broadband V / UHF composite antenna, including a dielectric substrate, an antenna bottom plate, and a composite antenna, wherein the composite antenna is printed on the front of the dielectric substrate, and the composite antenna is composed of a vertically polarized monopole antenna and a horizontally polarized slot antenna, wherein the horizontally polarized slot antenna is etched in the middle of the vertically polarized monopole antenna, and the vertically polarized monopole antenna is composed of a rectangular patch, a microstrip feed line, and a matching circuit, wherein the inverted "A"-shaped slot etched on the rectangular patch and the coaxial feed line unit constitute a water A horizontally polarized slot antenna, wherein the center of the inverted "A"-shaped slot coincides with the center of the rectangular patch, the size of the inverted "A"-shaped slot is adjusted according to the operating frequency of the horizontally polarized slot antenna, the microstrip feed line is located in the middle and lower part of the rectangular patch, the matching circuit is composed of a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor and a grounding point, the resistor, the capacitor and the inductor are electrically connected and connected between the rectangular patch and the grounding point, a coaxial feed unit dielectric sheath is fixedly attached to the rectangular patch, and a coaxial feed unit inner conductor and a coaxial feed unit outer conductor are arranged in the coaxial feed unit dielectric sheath.

[0007] Preferably, the resistor and capacitor are connected in parallel and then in series with the inductor.

[0008] Preferably, the specifications of the resistance, capacitance and inductance are determined by the impedance of the antenna.

[0009] Preferably, the inner conductor of the coaxial feed unit is connected to the inner conductor welding point, and the outer conductor of the coaxial feed unit is connected to the outer conductor welding point.

[0010] (III) Beneficial effects

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] The dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna, through the dielectric substrate, the composite antenna printed on the front of the dielectric substrate and the antenna bottom plate, ensures that the dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna can overcome the shortcomings of a large number of antennas, a large space occupied and a low isolation in a multi-antenna system, and meets the antenna wideband, dual-polarization and composite requirements required by V / UHF communication and reconnaissance / early warning functions without additionally increasing the antenna height. This solves the problem that the current composite antenna stacks the two radiators of the antenna up and down to meet the requirements of each function for the radiation pattern, which will inevitably greatly increase the antenna height, have a great impact on the aerodynamic shape of the carrier aircraft, and have safety hazards such as antenna breakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the matching circuit structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the slot antenna structure of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1 dielectric substrate, 2 antenna bottom plate, 3 composite antenna, 4 vertically polarized monopole antenna, 41 microstrip feed line, 5 horizontally polarized slot antenna, 51 inverted "A" shaped slot, 52 two arms of the inverted "A" shaped slot, 53 inner conductor solder joint, 54 outer conductor solder joint, 6 coaxial feeding unit, 61 coaxial feeding unit inner conductor, 62 coaxial feeding unit outer conductor, 63 coaxial feeding unit dielectric jacket, 7 matching circuit, 71 resistor, 72 capacitor, 73 inductor, 74 grounding point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate 1, an antenna bottom plate 2, and a composite antenna 3, wherein the composite antenna 3 is printed on the front of the dielectric substrate 1, and the composite antenna 3 is composed of a vertically polarized monopole antenna 4 and a horizontally polarized slot antenna 5, wherein the horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 is etched in the middle of the vertically polarized monopole antenna, and the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4 is composed of a rectangular patch, a microstrip feed line 41, and a matching circuit 7, and an inverted "A"-shaped slot 51 etched on the rectangular patch and a coaxial feed line unit 6 constitute the horizontally polarized slot antenna 5. The center of the inverted "A"-shaped slot 51 coincides with the center of the rectangular patch. The size of the inverted "A"-shaped slot 51 is adjusted according to the operating frequency of the horizontally polarized slot antenna 5. The microstrip feed line 41 is located in the lower middle part of the rectangular patch. The matching circuit 7 is composed of a resistor 71, a capacitor 72, an inductor 73 and a grounding point 74. The resistor 71, the capacitor 72 and the inductor 73 are electrically connected and connected between the rectangular patch and the grounding point 74. A coaxial feed unit dielectric sheath 63 is fixedly attached to the rectangular patch, and a coaxial feed unit inner conductor 61 and a coaxial feed unit outer conductor 62 are arranged in the coaxial feed unit dielectric sheath 63.

[0019] The resistor 71 and the capacitor 72 are connected in parallel and then in series with the inductor 73 .

[0020] The specifications of the resistor 71, the capacitor 72 and the inductor 73 are determined by the impedance of the antenna.

[0021] The inner conductor 61 of the coaxial feed unit is connected to the inner conductor welding point 53 , and the outer conductor 62 of the coaxial feed unit is connected to the outer conductor welding point 54 .

[0022] The operating steps of the present invention are:

[0023] A horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 is etched in the radiation area of ​​the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4. Since the current on the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4 is in the vertical direction, and the currents on the left and right sides of the structure are equal in magnitude and have the same phase, the etched horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 will not destroy the working mode of the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4, but will only lengthen the current path thereon, thereby affecting its impedance matching. The impedance matching of the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4 can be adjusted by the matching circuit 7, the resistor 71, the capacitor 72 and the inductor 73. The horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 is fed through the coaxial feeding unit 6 to excite the two arms 52 of the inverted "A"-shaped slot to form equal-amplitude currents in the vertical directions of the two arms of the inverted "A"-shaped slot 51, respectively. The components of the two currents in the horizontal direction are equal in amplitude and in the same direction, and the components in the vertical direction are equal in amplitude and in opposite directions. After superposition, only the current in the horizontal direction has its polarity opposite to that of the current. The polarization mode is horizontal polarization, and the polarization directions of the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization monopole antennas 4 are completely orthogonal, so that ultra-high isolation between the two ports can be obtained, and the impedance matching of the horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 can be adjusted by the length, width and opening angle of the two arms 52 of the inverted "A"-shaped slot. Moreover, since the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4 adopts the matching mode of the RLC matching circuit 7, and the horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 adopts a frequency-independent design mode, the bandwidths of the vertically polarized monopole antenna 4 and the horizontally polarized slot antenna 5 can both achieve ultra-wideband characteristics of an octave, thereby ensuring that the composite antenna 3 can overcome the shortcomings of a large number of antennas, a large occupied space, and a low isolation in a multi-antenna system, and without additionally increasing the antenna height, the antenna wideband, dual polarization and composite requirements required by V / UHF communication and reconnaissance / early warning functions can be met at the same time.

[0024] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-port dual-polarization broadband V / UHF composite antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate (1), an antenna base plate (2), and a composite antenna (3), characterized in that The composite antenna (3) is printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate (1); the composite antenna (3) is composed of a vertically polarized monopole antenna (4) and a horizontally polarized slot antenna (5); the horizontally polarized slot antenna (5) is etched in the middle of the vertically polarized monopole antenna; the vertically polarized monopole antenna (4) is composed of a rectangular patch (41), a microstrip feed line (42) and a matching circuit (7); an inverted "A"-shaped slot (51) etched on the rectangular patch (41) and a coaxial feed line unit (6) form the horizontally polarized slot antenna (5); the center of the inverted "A"-shaped slot (51) coincides with the center of the rectangular patch (41); the inverted "A"-shaped slot (51) is etched on ... The size of the slot (51) is adjusted according to the operating frequency of the horizontally polarized slot antenna (5); the microstrip feed line (42) is located in the middle and lower part of the rectangular patch (41); the matching circuit (7) is composed of a resistor (71), a capacitor (72), an inductor (73) and a grounding point (74); the resistor (71), the capacitor (72) and the inductor (73) are electrically connected and connected between the rectangular patch (41) and the grounding point (74); a coaxial feed unit dielectric sheath (63) is fixedly attached to the rectangular patch (41); and a coaxial feed unit inner conductor (61) and a coaxial feed unit outer conductor (62) are arranged in the coaxial feed unit dielectric sheath (63).

2. A dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The resistor (71) and the capacitor (72) are connected in parallel and then in series with the inductor (73).

3. A dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The specifications of the resistor (71), capacitor (72) and inductor (73) are determined by the impedance of the antenna.

4. A dual-port dual-polarization wideband V / UHF composite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner conductor (61) of the coaxial feed unit is connected to the inner conductor welding point (53), and the outer conductor (62) of the coaxial feed unit is connected to the outer conductor welding point (54).

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