Occupant active safety protection devices, child safety seats, vehicle seats and vehicles

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to an active safety protection device for passengers, a child safety seat, a vehicle seat and a vehicle. The active safety protection device for passengers is used to actively protect passengers riding in a vehicle, and includes: at least one protective cover body, which has a normal position and a blocking position, wherein the protective cover body in the normal position can have a gap with the head of the passenger in a normal sitting position, and is at least partially located above the head of the passenger, and the protective cover body in the blocking position can limit the inertial swing range of the head of the passenger; and a rotation connection mechanism, which is arranged between the protective cover body and a mounting base relatively stationary with respect to the vehicle, and is used to realize the rotation of the protective cover body relative to the mounting base; wherein the protective cover body is configured to be able to rotate from the normal position to the blocking position under the action of inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of occupant safety protection, and in particular to an active occupant safety protection device, a child safety seat, a vehicle seat and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When a vehicle occupant is involved in an emergency brake, forward collision, or rearward collision, the torso of the occupant wearing a seat belt is restrained by the seat belt and achieves a smaller movement displacement. However, the occupant's head tilts forward or backward significantly relative to the torso due to the lack of proper restraint, which can easily cause neck injury. This is a serious safety threat, especially for infants and young children with fragile necks.

[0003] In some related technologies, the occupant's body is restrained by a seat belt, and the occupant's head and neck are fixed by a fixed protection device to restrict the movement of the head and neck. In other related technologies, the occupant wears a head ring or a helmet, and a rope is set between the back of the head ring or the helmet and the seat to achieve forward movement restriction of the head during sudden braking or forward collision. Summary of the invention

[0004] The inventors have found that the head or neck protection device in the related art, when restraining the head or neck, is likely to cause discomfort to the occupants in terms of wearing comfort or free movement of the head and neck, resulting in the occupants' lack of willingness to wear the protection device.

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an active safety protection device for an occupant, a child safety seat, a vehicle seat and a vehicle, which can not only achieve head and neck safety protection for occupants when riding in a vehicle, but also improve the comfort of the occupants.

[0006] In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an active safety protection device for passengers, which is used to actively protect passengers in a vehicle, and includes:

[0007] At least one protective cover body having a normal position and a blocking position, wherein the protective cover body in the normal position can have a gap with the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position and is at least partially located above the head of the occupant, and the protective cover body in the blocking position can limit the inertial swing range of the occupant's head; and

[0008] A rotation connection mechanism, disposed between the protective cover body and a mounting base relatively stationary with respect to the vehicle, for realizing the rotation of the protective cover body relative to the mounting base;

[0009] Wherein, the protective cover body is configured to be able to rotate from the normal position to the blocking position under the action of inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mounting base is also included; wherein,

[0011] The mounting base is integrally formed with a headrest of a seat located inside the vehicle or is detachably arranged on the headrest of the seat;

[0012] The mounting base is integrally formed with a headrest of a child safety seat located inside the vehicle or is detachably arranged on the headrest of the child safety seat;

[0013] The mounting base is detachably arranged on the inner top of the vehicle.

[0014] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device further includes:

[0015] The holding mechanism is integrally formed with the protective cover or operably connected to the protective cover, and is used to keep the protective cover in a normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed a preset threshold range.

[0016] In some embodiments, the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the normal position and the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the blocking position are respectively located on two sides of a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body.

[0017] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device further includes:

[0018] A reset mechanism is operably connected to the protective cover body and is used to return the protective cover body in the blocking position to a normal position of the protective cover body when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed a preset threshold range.

[0019] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device further includes:

[0020] A blocking position limiting mechanism, connected between the protective cover body and the mounting base, for limiting the position of the protective cover body rotated to the blocking position;

[0021] A holding and resetting mechanism is operably connected to the protective cover body, and is used to keep the protective cover body in the normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range, and to return the protective cover body to the normal position when the protective cover body in the blocking position is released from the restriction of the blocking position restriction mechanism;

[0022] Wherein, the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the normal position is located in a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body.

[0023] In some embodiments, the blocking position limiting mechanism includes:

[0024] At least two sections of telescopic sleeves have telescopic limit structures, which can lock the telescopic length of the at least two sections of sleeves after the at least two sections of sleeves are extended to the maximum allowable length;

[0025] The holding and resetting mechanism comprises:

[0026] A tension spring has one end connected to the protective cover body and the other end connected to the mounting base.

[0027] In some embodiments, the reset mechanism comprises:

[0028] A tension spring has one end connected to the protective cover body and the other end connected to the mounting base.

[0029] In some embodiments, the mounting base further comprises:

[0030] The height adjustment structure is connected to the rotating connection mechanism and is used to adjust the height of the rotating connection mechanism to adjust the distance between the protective cover body and the head of the occupant in the normal sitting posture.

[0031] In some embodiments, the at least one protective cover body comprises:

[0032] A first protective cover body, configured to rotate forward by inertia when the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range, so as to prevent the occupant's head from swinging forward by inertia; and

[0033] The second protective cover is configured to rotate backward by inertia when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range, so as to prevent the occupant's head from swinging backward by inertia.

[0034] In some embodiments, the projections of the first pivot point between the first protective cover body and the mounting base and the second pivot point between the second protective cover body and the mounting base on the median sagittal plane of the occupant's head in the normal sitting position are both located within the projection range of the temporal bone of the occupant's head on the median sagittal plane, and the first pivot point is the same as or different from the second pivot point.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first protective cover body includes a first rotating bracket, and the occupant active safety protection device also includes a holding mechanism, and the holding mechanism includes:

[0036] A first slot, disposed on the mounting base, capable of cooperating with the first rotating bracket to maintain a normal position of the first protective cover body;

[0037] A clamping structure, disposed between the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body, and used to maintain a normal position of the second protective cover body;

[0038] Among them, the first protective cover body can drive the first rotating bracket to disengage from the first clamping slot when the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range; the second protective cover body can disengage from the clamping structure when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range.

[0039] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device further includes a rotation limiting mechanism, and the rotation limiting mechanism includes:

[0040] A second slot is provided on the mounting base and can cooperate with the first rotating bracket to limit the limit rotation position of the first protective cover body as a blocking position of the first protective cover body;

[0041] The abutting structure is arranged on the mounting base and can abut against the outer shell of the second protective cover body to limit the extreme rotation position of the second protective cover body as the blocking position of the second protective cover body.

[0042] In some embodiments, the moment of inertia of each of the at least one shield body is less than the moment of inertia of the occupant's head.

[0043] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device further includes:

[0044] The auxiliary driving mechanism is connected to the protective cover body and is used to provide the protective cover body with an auxiliary driving action in the same direction as the inertial rotation direction of the protective cover body when the protective cover body moves by inertia.

[0045] In some embodiments, the protective cover body includes a protective cover body, and the protective cover body includes a channel at least from the top of the protective cover body to a side of the protective cover body corresponding to the blocking position; the auxiliary drive mechanism includes:

[0046] The inertial body is located in the channel and in sliding or rolling contact with the channel. It is configured to slide or roll relative to the channel under the action of inertia and drive the protective cover body to move to the blocking position.

[0047] In some embodiments, the inertial body includes at least one spherical inertial body that can roll along the channel. The channel is also provided with a receiving groove at the top of the protective cover body for maintaining the spherical inertial body in a stationary state in the channel when the protective cover body is in a normal position.

[0048] In some embodiments, the first end of the channel is located at the top of the protective cover body, the second end is located on the side of the protective cover body corresponding to the blocking position, and the two ends of the channel are respectively located on both sides of a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body, and the first end is lower than the highest point of the channel, and the projection of the bottom surface of the channel on the median sagittal plane of the head of the occupant in a normal sitting position is a straight line or a parabola.

[0049] In some embodiments, the channel includes a plurality of mutually parallel sub-channels, and a spherical inertial body is disposed in each sub-channel.

[0050] In some embodiments, the rotation connection mechanism includes:

[0051] A rotating shaft fixedly connected to the mounting base; and

[0052] The bearing is arranged between the rotating shaft and the protective cover body.

[0053] In some embodiments, the protective cover comprises:

[0054] A hard protective shell is pivotally connected to the mounting base via the rotating connection mechanism;

[0055] An inner liner, fixedly or detachably arranged on a side of the hard protective shell adjacent to the occupant's head;

[0056] Wherein, the inner lining includes a flexible energy-absorbing material for cushioning the occupant's head.

[0057] In some embodiments, the protective cover comprises:

[0058] Flexible protective nets; and

[0059] The hard frame is fixedly connected to the flexible protection net and is pivotally connected to the mounting base.

[0060] In some embodiments, the protective cover body further comprises:

[0061] An inner lining, fixedly or detachably arranged on a side of the flexible protective net adjacent to the occupant's head;

[0062] Wherein, the inner lining includes a flexible energy-absorbing material for cushioning the occupant's head.

[0063] In some embodiments, the inner lining includes a plurality of flexible layers having the flexible energy absorbing material, which are distributed sequentially along the direction of force applied when blocking the occupant's head, and adjacent flexible layers are detachable.

[0064] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device further includes:

[0065] The warning mechanism is connected to the protective cover body and is used to warn the occupant when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range and the occupant's head deviates from the preset distance in the inertial swing direction relative to the head position in the normal sitting posture.

[0066] In some embodiments, the warning mechanism includes:

[0067] A flexible warning strip, both ends of which are connected to the protective cover body and spans across the front side of the occupant's head;

[0068] Among them, the distance between the flexible warning strip and the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position is less than or equal to the preset distance, so that when the occupant's head deviates forward from the preset distance, the flexible warning strip is pushed to move forward, and the protective cover body is pulled by the flexible warning strip to rotate toward the blocking position to realize warning to the occupant.

[0069] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a child safety seat is provided, comprising the aforementioned active safety protection device for an occupant.

[0070] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle seat is provided, comprising the aforementioned active safety protection device for an occupant.

[0071] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising the aforementioned active safety protection device for an occupant, the aforementioned child safety seat, or the aforementioned vehicle seat.

[0072] Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, a gap is created between the protective cover body and the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position, and the protective cover body is at least partially located above the head of the occupant. By providing a rotating connection mechanism between the mounting base and the protective cover body, the protective cover body can rotate from the normal position to a blocking position that limits the inertial swing range of the occupant's head under the action of inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range. This can achieve active safety protection for the head and neck of occupants riding in the vehicle, reduce restrictions on the movement of the head and neck of occupants in the normal sitting position, and improve the comfort of the occupants. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0074] The present disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0075] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of some embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed in the present invention;

[0076] FIG. 2( a ) and FIG. 2( b ) are schematic diagrams of a forward protection shield 100 in a normal position 100A and a blocking position 100B, respectively, in some embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed herein;

[0077] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an embodiment;

[0078] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of a mounting base in some embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed herein;

[0079] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the hard protective shell of the forward protection protective cover body 100 in the embodiment;

[0080] Figure 6 and Figure 7 They are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure and the cross-sectional structure of the rotating connection mechanism in some embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed herein;

[0081] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the inner lining of the forward protection shield body 100 in the embodiment;

[0082] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 A schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the forward protection shield body 100 in the embodiment;

[0083] Fig.10 yes Figure 1 A schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of the forward protection shield 100 in the embodiment;

[0084] Fig.11 and Fig.12 They are Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the rotation limiting mechanism of the forward protection shield body 100 in the embodiment in the blocking position and the normal position respectively;

[0085] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible warning strip in some embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed herein;

[0086] Fig.14 and Fig.15 They are Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of different connection positions between the flexible warning strip and the lining in the embodiment;

[0087] Fig.16 yes Fig.15 The enlarged schematic diagram of the part selected by the dotted circle in the middle;

[0088] Figure 17(a)-Figure 17(c) They are respectively schematic diagrams of the exploded structure, the cross section of the normal position and the cross section of the blocking position of the blocking position limiting mechanism and the holding reset mechanism in other embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed in the present invention;

[0089] Figure 18(a)-Figure 18(d) The diagrams are front and three-dimensional schematic diagrams of a dummy sitting in a child safety seat equipped with an embodiment of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed herein, with the protection cover being in a normal position and a blocking position respectively;

[0090] Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of other embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed in the present invention;

[0091] Figure 20(a) and Figure 20(b) are Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a forward protection shield body 100' in a normal position 100A and a blocking position 100B in an embodiment;

[0092] Fig.21 yes Fig.19 A schematic structural diagram of a protective cover body 100' in the embodiment;

[0093] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of some further embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed in the present invention;

[0094] Figure 23(a) and Figure 23(b) are Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a rearward protection shield body 100" in a normal position 100A' and a blocking position 100B' in an embodiment;

[0095] Fig.24 yes Fig. 22 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the protective cover body 100" in the blocking position 100B' in the embodiment;

[0096] Fig.25 yes Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an embodiment;

[0097] Fig.26 yes Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the structure of a hard protective shell of a protective cover body 100" in an embodiment;

[0098] Fig. 27 yes Fig. 22 A schematic structural diagram of the inner lining of the protective cover body 100" in the embodiment;

[0099] Fig.28 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of some other embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants disclosed in the present invention;

[0100] Fig.29 yes Fig.28 A schematic diagram of the structure of the holding mechanism in the embodiment.

[0101] It should be understood that the size of each part shown in the accompanying drawings is not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the composition of the materials, the numerical expressions and the numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0103] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. The words "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements before the word include the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of including other elements. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0104] In the present disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, there may or may not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a specific device is described as being connected to other devices, the specific device may be directly connected to the other device without an intermediate device, or may not be directly connected to the other device but have an intermediate device.

[0105] All terms (including technical terms or scientific terms) used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as those understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries, such as general dictionaries, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formal sense, unless explicitly defined herein.

[0106] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0107] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of some embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants according to the present disclosure. Figure 1 , and combined with reference Figure 2(a) to Figure 29 In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device is used to actively protect the occupants of a vehicle, and includes at least one protective cover and a rotating connection mechanism 300. The vehicle can be a family car or a commercial vehicle, a ship, a small or large aircraft, etc. In the following text, for the convenience of description, a family car is used as an example. The occupants can include adults or children, and can be the driver of the vehicle or a general passenger.

[0108] exist Figure 1 and Fig.19 In the corresponding embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device may include a protection cover 100 or 100' for achieving forward protection. Fig. 22 In a corresponding embodiment, the occupant active safety protection device may include a protective cover body 100 for achieving rearward protection. Fig.28 In the corresponding embodiment, it includes both a first protective cover body (such as protective cover body 100 or 100') for realizing forward protection and a second protective cover body (such as protective cover body 100") for realizing backward protection.

[0109] Take the protective cover body 100 for realizing forward protection as an example. Referring to FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 2(b), the protective cover body 100 has a normal position 100A and a blocking position 100B. The normal position 100A of the protective cover body 100 refers to the position of the protective cover body 100 when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range, where the preset threshold range for acceleration may be the same as or different from the preset threshold range for deceleration. The preset threshold range may be determined according to the degree of influence of the value of acceleration or deceleration on the head and neck of the occupant.

[0110] The protective cover body 100 in the normal position 100A can have a gap with the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position, and at least partially located above the head of the occupant. Referring to Figures 18(a) and 18(b), it can be seen that there is a large gap between the head of the dummy sitting in the child safety seat and the protective cover body 100 in the normal position, which does not restrict the free movement of the head of the dummy in the normal sitting position, so that the head and neck of the occupant can be more comfortable when sitting normally, thereby increasing the willingness of the occupant to use the active safety protection device. Depending on the installation position of the protective cover body 100, the protective cover body 100 can be located above the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position as a whole, or a part of it can be located above the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position.

[0111] The blocking position 100B of the protective cover body 100 refers to the position where the protective cover body 100 can limit the inertial swing range of the occupant's head. As can be seen from Figures 18(c) and 18(d), the protective cover body 100 in the blocking position 100B limits the forward swing range of the dummy's head from the front of the dummy's head, so that the dummy's head can swing at most to the inner lining of the protective cover body 100 under the action of inertia. In this way, by limiting the swing range of the dummy's head, whiplash injuries to the neck caused by excessive forward flexion of the head are avoided. In some embodiments, the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the normal position and the center of gravity in the blocking position can be respectively located on both sides of the vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body. In this way, the protective cover body can be maintained in the normal position on the side of the vertical plane away from the blocking position based on its own weight.

[0112] In order to protect the head and neck of the occupant by using the protective cover 100 in the blocking position, the protective cover 100 can be configured to rotate from the normal position 100A to the blocking position 100B under the action of inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range. In order to enable the protective cover 100 to smoothly rotate to the blocking position 100B under the action of inertia, a rotating connection mechanism 300 can be provided between the protective cover 100 and a mounting base 200 relatively stationary with respect to the vehicle, so as to realize the rotation of the protective cover 100 relative to the mounting base 200.

[0113] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the rotation connection mechanism may include a rotating shaft and a bearing. The rotating shaft may be fixedly connected to the mounting base, and the bearing is disposed between the rotating shaft and the protective cover body. The bearing may be used to reduce the rotation resistance of the protective cover body relative to the mounting base. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the embodiment, the rotating connection mechanism includes a rotating shaft 330, a sleeve 310 and a bearing 320. The sleeve 310 is sleeved in the middle of the rotating shaft 330, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 330 are respectively connected to two bearings 320. The sleeve 310 can be supported on a mounting base. The inner ring of the bearing 320 can be interference fit with the rotating shaft 330, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the protective cover body.

[0114] In some embodiments, the mounting base 200 may be independent of the occupant active safety protection device. The user may install the occupant active safety protection device on the mounting base 200. In other embodiments, the mounting base 200 may also be one of the components of the occupant active safety protection device.

[0115] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the mounting base 200 may be integrally formed with a headrest of a child safety seat located inside the vehicle. Figure 3 In the embodiment, the mounting base 200 includes a headrest shell 210, a headrest lining 240, a backrest plate 230 and an adjustment handle 220. The headrest shell 210 is disposed on the backrest plate 230 or is integrally formed with the backrest plate 230, and the headrest lining 240 is disposed on the inner side of the headrest shell 210 and is combined with the headrest shell 210. Both the headrest shell 210 and the headrest lining 240 are U-shaped, and can form a space to accommodate the head and upper torso of a child passenger. Referring to FIG18(a), the mounting base 200 can be detachably mounted on a child safety seat, and the height of the headrest shell 210 can be adjusted by adjusting the handle 220. In other embodiments, the mounting base can also be detachably disposed on the headrest of the child safety seat.

[0116] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment, the first mounting hole 251 can be provided on the headrest shell 210 and the headrest lining 240. The rotating shaft 330 in the rotating connection mechanism is directly inserted into the first mounting hole 251 or is inserted into the first mounting hole 251 through the sleeve 310.

[0117] In some embodiments, the mounting base can also be made integrally with the headrest of the seat located inside the vehicle or be detachably arranged on the headrest of the seat, and its structure can refer to the headrest of a child safety seat. In other embodiments, the mounting base can be detachably arranged on the top of the inner side of the vehicle, for example, a frame is arranged on the top of the car, and the mounting base is arranged on the frame or the mounting base is made integrally with the frame.

[0118] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the protective cover body 100 includes: a hard protective shell 110 and an inner lining 120. The hard protective shell 110 is pivotally connected to the mounting base 200 via a rotating connection mechanism 300. The inner lining 120 is fixedly or detachably arranged on a side of the hard protective shell 110 adjacent to the occupant's head. The hard protective shell 110 can be made of a hard material (such as polycarbonate PC or hard aluminum alloy, etc.).

[0119] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment, the hard protective shell 110 may include a top shell 111 located at the top, two support shells 112 located at both sides of the top shell 111, and two first rotating brackets 113. The top shell 111 and the two support shells 112 may form a semi-enclosed hard shell structure with good strength and rigidity, and may maintain reliability when the deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

[0120] Two first rotating brackets 113 are fixed between two supporting shells 112, and a pivot structure 115 may be provided at the end of each first rotating bracket 113. The combined structure of the headrest shell 210 and the headrest lining 240 is located between the supporting shell 112 and the adjacent first rotating bracket 113. A pivot structure 116 may also be provided at the lower end of the supporting shell 112, and the pivot structures 115 and 116 may be fixed to the outer rings of the two bearings 320 at both ends of the rotating shaft 330, respectively.

[0121] refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the lining 120 may include a plurality of flexible layers 121 having a flexible energy-absorbing material. The plurality of flexible layers 121 are sequentially distributed along the force direction when blocking the occupant's head, and adjacent flexible layers 121 are detachable. Figure 8 In the embodiment, a plurality of grooves 121 may be provided on the outermost flexible layer 121 for being embedded and matched with the first rotating bracket 113 of the hard protective shell 110 .

[0122] For the protective cover, in order to ensure that the protective cover rotates to the blocking position before the occupant's head, it is preferred that the rotational inertia of the protective cover is smaller than the rotational inertia of the occupant's head. 2 (I is the moment of inertia, m is the mass of the rigid body, and r is the distance from the particle to the axis of rotation) and the calculation formula for angular acceleration β = r*F / mr 2 =F / mr (F is external force). When a vehicle collides forward or backward, the external forces on the occupant's head and the protective device are basically the same, and within the same collision time, the angular acceleration of an object with a relatively small mass rotating around a fixed axis is greater. Therefore, in some embodiments, the mass of the protective cover can be further reduced to make it lighter than the mass of the occupant's head.

[0123] Considering that the head mass of passengers of different ages may vary, different protective covers can be configured according to the age of the passengers, or the mass of the protective cover can be made smaller than the head mass of the youngest passenger who can sit in the seat, so as to improve the rotation sensitivity of the protective cover. According to industry estimates, the head weight of a newborn is about 0.9kg. For example, assuming that the youngest passenger who can sit in the seat is a baby of about 10 months old, the head mass is about 2kg, and the mass of the protective cover can be set to 0.5kg or 1kg accordingly.

[0124] In other embodiments, the distance from the protective cover body to the rotating shaft can be made smaller than the distance from the occupant's head to the neck turning point, or the mass of the protective cover body can be made lighter than the mass of the occupant's head, and the distance from the protective cover body to the rotating shaft can be made smaller than the distance from the occupant's head to the neck turning point. For example, assuming that the head mass of the youngest occupant is 2kg and the distance from the head to the neck turning point is 0.1m, it can be known from the above angular acceleration calculation formula that β=5*F. If the mass of the protective cover body is set to 1kg and the distance from the protective cover body to the rotating shaft is 0.05m, it can be calculated that β'=20*F, which is four times the angular acceleration β of the occupant's head rotation. If the mass of the protective cover body is further reduced or the distance from the protective cover body to the rotating shaft is reduced, the speed of the protective cover body rotating from the normal position to the blocking position can be further increased.

[0125] Of course, the mass of the protective cover and the distance from the protective cover to the rotating shaft also need to take into account the structural form, structural strength, and the normal maintenance of the protective cover. In some embodiments, in order to increase the rotation speed of the protective cover, an auxiliary drive mechanism may be further included in the occupant active safety protection device. The auxiliary drive mechanism may be connected to the protective cover to provide the protective cover with an auxiliary drive in the same direction as the inertial rotation of the protective cover when the protective cover moves by inertia.

[0126] refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the protective cover body 100 includes a channel at least from the top of the protective cover body 100 to a side of the protective cover body 100 corresponding to the blocking position. Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the channel 125 is provided on the liner 120. Specifically, the channel 125 can be formed by a groove opened on the flexible layer 121 of the liner 120 and a closed shell 123 above the groove. Accordingly, a top opening 117 can be provided on the top shell 111 of the hard protective shell 110 so that the closed shell 123 is upwardly embedded in the top opening 117. In addition, the hard protective shell 110 can also be provided with a breathable structure as required.

[0127] In other embodiments, the channel may be disposed in the hard protective shell 110 , or between the hard protective shell 110 and the liner 120 , or on other components of the protective cover body 100 except the hard protective shell 110 and the liner 120 .

[0128] The auxiliary drive mechanism includes an inertial body located in the channel 125, and the inertial body is in sliding or rolling contact with the channel. The inertial body is configured to slide or roll relative to the channel under the action of inertia, and drive the protective cover body to move to the blocking position. The movement of the inertial body in the channel can cause the center of gravity of the entire protective cover body to change, and the collision of the inertial body with one end of the channel will also bring impulse, thereby increasing the flipping speed of the protective cover body.

[0129] exist Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the inertial body includes at least one spherical inertial body 130 that can roll along the channel, such as a metal ball. In other embodiments, the inertial body may also include inertial bodies of other shapes, such as a cuboid, a drum, an ellipsoid, etc. Taking the channel 126 provided on the liner 120 as an example, the channel 125 is further provided with a receiving groove 126 at the top of the liner 120, which is used to maintain the static state of the spherical inertial body 130 in the channel 125 when the protective cover body 100 is in the normal position. That is to say, the spherical inertial body is held by the receiving groove 126 when the protective cover body is in the normal position, and when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range, the center of gravity of the spherical inertial body 130 is not enough to cross the notch of the receiving groove 126. When the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds the preset threshold range, the spherical inertial body 130 will break away from the receiving groove 126 under the action of inertia and quickly impact to the other end along the channel 125. In some embodiments, the receiving groove 126 may be configured as an arc-shaped groove that matches the contour of the spherical inertial body 130 .

[0130] refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In some embodiments, the first end of the channel 125 is located at the top of the liner 120, the second end is located at the side of the liner 120 corresponding to the blocking position, and the two ends of the channel 125 are respectively located in a vertical plane A passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body (through Fig.10 When the spherical inertial body 130 is held in the receiving groove 126 at the first end of the channel 125, the overall center of gravity of the protective cover body including the spherical inertial body 130 is located on the side away from the blocking position, which is conducive to maintaining the normal position. When the spherical inertial body 130 is separated from the receiving groove 126, it quickly passes through the vertical plane A, and the overall center of gravity of the protective cover body is adjusted to the side adjacent to the blocking position. The self-gravity of the protective cover body can also provide a torque for the protective cover body to rotate quickly.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first end of the channel 125 is preferably lower than the highest point of the channel 125, so that the spherical inertial body 130 automatically returns to the receiving groove 126 at the first end under the action of its own weight. The highest point of the channel 125 can be the channel position corresponding to the vertical plane A, or it can be the other end of the channel 125. Figure 6 In some embodiments, the projection of the bottom surface of the channel 125 on the midsagittal plane of the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position may be a straight line. Since the straight line distance is the shortest, the time for the spherical inertial body 130 to reach the second end can be reduced. In other embodiments, the projection may also be a parabola, which may be consistent with the parabolic motion trajectory of the spherical inertial body 130, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of the spherical inertial body during the motion process.

[0132] refer to Fig.10 In some embodiments, the channel 125 includes a plurality of sub-channels parallel to each other, and each sub-channel may include a spherical inertial body 126. The spherical inertial bodies in the plurality of sub-channels can increase the impact effect and also improve the reliability of use. Even if some spherical inertial bodies are stuck, other spherical inertial bodies can still achieve auxiliary driving effect.

[0133] In addition, Figure 5 and Figure 8 In the embodiment, a concave notch 124 can be provided on the front side of the lining 120 to prevent the protective cover 100 from flipping forward and squeezing the nose bridge of the occupant and causing discomfort when the occupant changes his / her normal sitting posture and causes his / her head to lean forward too much. Accordingly, a notch 118 of matching shape can also be provided on the hard protective shell 110 at a position corresponding to the concave notch 124.

[0134] In order to keep the protective cover body stably and reliably in the normal position, in some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device may further include a holding mechanism. The holding mechanism may be integrally formed with the protective cover body or operably connected to the protective cover body, and is used to keep the protective cover body in the normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed a preset threshold range.

[0135] refer to Figure 5 , Fig. 9 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 In some embodiments, the retaining mechanism includes a first slot disposed on the mounting base, which can cooperate with the first rotating bracket to maintain the normal position of the protective cover body 100. Fig. 9 In the embodiment, the first rotating bracket 113 includes a supporting cross bar 114 fixedly connected to the supporting shell 112. Fig.11 and Fig.12In the embodiment, the upper edge of the headrest shell 210 of the mounting base 200 is provided with a slot 212, and the upper edge of the headrest lining 240 is provided with a slot 241, so that the combined structure of the headrest shell 210 and the headrest lining 240 forms a first slot on the mounting base. When the support crossbar 114 is inserted into the slot 212 and the slot 241, the slot 212 and the slot 241 can hold the support crossbar 114, thereby realizing the function of maintaining the normal position of the protective cover body. When the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds the preset threshold range, the protective cover body 100 can drive the support crossbar 114 of the first rotating bracket 113 to disengage from the first slot under the action of inertia.

[0136] The blocking position of the protective cover body 100 needs to provide good support for the occupant's head, so the blocking position cannot be too low or too high. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device may further include a rotation limit mechanism to limit the extreme rotation position of the protective cover body.

[0137] refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 In some embodiments, the rotation limiting mechanism includes a second slot 241 disposed on the mounting base. The second slot 241 can cooperate with the first rotating bracket 113 to limit the extreme rotation position of the protective cover body 100 as the blocking position of the protective cover body 100. Fig.11 and Fig.12 In the embodiment, the second slot 241 can be provided at the upper edge of the headrest shell 210, which is located in front of the first slot. The support cross bar 114 on the first rotating bracket 113 can be inserted into the second slot 241 when the protective cover body 100 rotates to the blocking position, and cannot continue to rotate downward under the restriction of the second slot 241, thereby preventing the protective cover body 100 from excessively rotating and deviating from the appropriate blocking position for the occupant's head.

[0138] When the active safety protection device for the occupants is triggered due to an emergency situation such as sudden braking or forward collision, the protective cover body quickly rotates to the blocking position to protect the occupant's head. When the emergency situation is resolved, the occupant using the active safety protection device for the occupants or other occupants can manually turn the protective cover body back to the normal position so that it can be used normally. In some embodiments, the active safety protection device for the occupants may also include a reset mechanism. The reset mechanism is operably connected to the protective cover body, and is used to return the protective cover body in the blocking position to the normal position of the protective cover body when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range. The reset mechanism can be implemented by a spring (such as a tension spring or a torsion spring) connected between the protective cover body and the mounting base, and the elastic force of the spring is used to provide the protective cover body with a torque to return to the normal position.

[0139] refer to Figure 17(a)-Figure 17(c) In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device may further include: a holding reset mechanism and a blocking position limiting mechanism. The holding reset mechanism is operably connected to the protective cover body, and is used to keep the protective cover body in the normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range, and to return the protective cover body to the normal position when the protective cover body in the blocking position is released from the restriction of the blocking position limiting mechanism. And the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the normal position can be placed in a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body.

[0140] In FIG. 17( a), the holding reset mechanism includes a tension spring 119a. One end of the tension spring 119a can be connected to the protective cover body, and the other end is connected to the mounting base. A mounting post 119b can be provided on the inner side of the support shell 112 of the protective cover body 100, and one end of the tension spring 119a can be fixed on the mounting post 119b, and the other end is connected to the headrest shell 210 of the mounting base.

[0141] The tension spring 119 can keep the protective cover body in the normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range. In addition, when the protective cover body 100 rotates forward due to the deceleration exceeding the preset threshold range, the protective cover body 100 can stretch and bend the tension spring 119a; when the vehicle stops or returns to a state where the deceleration does not exceed the preset threshold range, if the protective cover body 119a is not restricted by the blocking position limiting mechanism, the tension spring 119a can use its own elastic force to rotate the protective cover body 100 upward to return to the normal position. Compared to Figure 5 The hard protective shell 110 of the illustrated embodiment and the support shell 112 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 17( a ) may not be provided with the pivot structure 116 at the lower end.

[0142] In other words, the tension spring 119a can be used as both a reset mechanism and a retaining mechanism. In addition, the tension spring 119a can also absorb the energy of the occupant's head impacting the protective cover body in the blocking position when the protective cover body rotates forward, thereby reducing the angular velocity of the occupant's head during rotation and reducing the damage to the occupant's head.

[0143] The blocking position limiting mechanism is connected between the protective cover body and the mounting base, and is used to limit the position of the protective cover body rotated to the blocking position. Referring to FIG. 17( a ), in some embodiments, the blocking position limiting mechanism may include at least two sections of telescopic sleeves. The at least two sections of telescopic sleeves have a telescopic limiting structure, which can lock the telescopic length of the at least two sections of sleeves after the at least two sections of sleeves are extended to the maximum allowable length.

[0144] In FIG. 17( a), the two-section telescopic sleeve can be used to realize the rotation support function of the first rotating bracket 113, and can also cooperate with the tension spring 119a to realize the buffering effect during forward blocking. Specifically, the two-section telescopic sleeve includes: a telescopic inner rod 1131 and a telescopic outer tube 1132. The telescopic outer tube 1132 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic inner rod 1131, and the telescopic inner rod 1131 can extend outward or retract inward from the telescopic outer tube 1132. The pivot structure 115 can be set at the lower end of the telescopic outer tube 1132, and the telescopic inner rod 1131 is fixedly connected to the top shell 111 and / or the support shell 112 of the hard protective shell.

[0145] An outer step 1133 and a spring sheet 1135 may be provided at the lower end of the telescopic inner rod 1131, and a convex point 1134 may be provided on the spring sheet 1135. An inner step cooperating with the outer step 1133 may be provided at the upper end of the telescopic outer tube 1132, so as to limit the maximum length of the telescopic inner rod 1131 when the telescopic inner rod 1131 extends outward. The width of the outer step 1133 is respectively greater than the width of the telescopic inner rod 1131 and the inner step, and less than the inner width of the telescopic outer tube 1132.

[0146] Under the action of the spring piece 1135 , the protrusion 1134 can be stuck on the upper end of the telescopic outer tube 1132 when the telescopic inner rod 1131 is extended to the maximum length, so as to limit the telescopic inner rod 1131 from retracting into the telescopic outer tube 1132 .

[0147] Referring to FIG. 17( b ), when the protective cover is in the normal position, the telescopic inner rod 1131 is partially retracted into the telescopic outer tube 1132 under the action of gravity, wherein the spring piece 1135 and the protrusion 1134 are both located in the telescopic outer tube. When the protective cover rotates forward and is impacted by the occupant's head, the telescopic inner rod 1131 extends outward relative to the telescopic outer tube 1132.

[0148] Referring to FIG. 17( c ), when the telescopic inner rod 1131 extends to a certain distance, the protrusion 1134 of the spring sheet 1135 extends from the upper end of the telescopic outer tube 1132. At this time, the outer step 1133 is blocked by the inner step so that the telescopic inner rod 1131 cannot continue to extend outward, and the protrusion 1134 is stuck at the upper end of the telescopic outer tube 1132 under the action of the spring sheet 1135, so as to limit the telescopic inner rod 1131 from retracting into the telescopic outer tube 1132. In this way, the telescopic inner rod 1131 and the telescopic outer tube 1132 form a relatively fixed relationship. On the one hand, it can prevent the tension spring 119a from being overstretched and losing its working efficiency, and on the other hand, it can stabilize the tension spring 119a in a fixed position after absorbing energy, so as to prevent it from naturally retracting under the action of elastic force and causing secondary injury to the occupant's head.

[0149] Considering that the occupants may not always maintain a normal sitting posture when sitting in a seat or a child safety seat, for example, the child occupant's head may stick out forward. If the sticking-out distance reaches or exceeds the blocking position of the protective cover body, it may affect the protective effect of the protective cover body, or the protective cover body may cause damage to the child occupant's head. Therefore, in some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device may also include a warning mechanism. The warning mechanism is connected to the protective cover body, and is used to warn the occupant when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range, and the occupant's head deviates from a preset distance in the inertial swing direction relative to the head position in the normal sitting posture.

[0150] Ways to warn passengers include emitting warning light through warning lights, emitting warning sounds or warning music through speakers, or presenting warning information on the control screen of the vehicle. For example, a sensor detects the position of the passenger's head, and when the position deviates to a certain degree, the warning mechanism is triggered to warn the passenger.

[0151] In some embodiments, the occupants may also be alerted physically. Figure 3 , Fig. 9 and Fig.13 In some embodiments, the warning mechanism may include a flexible warning strip 140. Both ends of the flexible warning strip 140 are connected to the protective cover body 100 and span the front side of the occupant's head. The distance between the flexible warning strip 140 and the head of the occupant in a normal sitting position is less than or equal to the preset distance, so that when the occupant's head deviates forward by the preset distance, the flexible warning strip 140 is pushed forward, and the protective cover body is pulled to rotate toward the blocking position by the flexible warning strip 140 to realize warning to the occupant.

[0152] refer to Fig.13 The flexible warning strip 140 may include a flexible metal rope 141 (such as a steel wire rope), a buffer sleeve 142 and a length adjustment key 143. The buffer sleeve 142 is sleeved on the flexible metal rope 141 and may be made of a softer material (such as rubber, etc.). The buffer sleeve 142 is preferably arranged in front of the occupant's head, and its height may be between the highest point of the occupant's head and the height of the eyebrow arch, so that the occupant's head can push the buffer sleeve 142 when moving forward. The length adjustment key 143 may be connected to both ends of the flexible metal rope 141. By adjusting the length adjustment key 143, the distance of the buffer sleeve 142 relative to the occupant's head may be changed to adapt to occupant heads of different sizes and to adjust the warning sensitivity.

[0153] Flexible warning strip 140 can refer to Fig.14 and Fig.15The flexible warning strip 140 is connected to the protective cover body 100. That is, at least two support rods 150 are arranged on the inner side of the liner 120, and a gap is arranged on each support rod 150 for the flexible warning strip 140 to pass through, and the length adjustment key 143 can be fixed to the rear of the liner or the hard protective shell and exposed to facilitate user operation. In order to enable the flexible metal rope 141 of the flexible warning strip 140 to quickly and reliably pull the protective cover body 100 to rotate to the blocking position when the buffer sleeve 142 is squeezed forward, it can be referred to Fig.14 A roller 144 is arranged inside the support rod 150, which can form a rolling friction pair with the flexible metal rope 141. Fig.16 A roller 145 is arranged between the hard protective shell and the inner lining, which can guide the extension direction of the flexible metal rope 141 while forming a rolling friction pair with the flexible metal rope 141 .

[0154] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment, the mounting base 200 can adjust the height of the headrest shell 210 by adjusting the handle 220, so as to adapt to the head and neck protection of occupants of different heights and different age groups. In other embodiments, the mounting base can also further include a height adjustment structure. The height adjustment structure can be connected to the rotating connection mechanism, and is used to adjust the height of the rotating connection mechanism to adjust the distance of the protective cover body relative to the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position. For embodiments in which the mounting base itself lacks a height adjustment function, the height of the rotating connection mechanism can be adjusted by adding a height adjustment structure, thereby achieving the height adjustment of the protective cover body 100 to meet the head and neck protection needs of occupants of different heights and different age groups.

[0155] In addition to the protective cover body including the hard protective shell, in other embodiments, the protective cover body can also adopt other structural forms. Figure 19-21 , protective cover body 100' can refer to Figure 1-Figure 18(d) The protective cover body 100 is set, and similar parts are not repeated here. Fig.21 In the figure, the protective cover body 100' may include a flexible protective net 111' and a hard frame. The flexible protective net 111' may be designed to adapt to the curvature of the occupant's head and have many air holes. The entire flexible protective net 111' may be injection molded from polystyrene (PP) and other related tough plastic materials, and has elastic energy absorption. When the hard frame of the protective cover body 100' drives the flexible protective net 111' to move to the blocking position 100B in front of the occupant's head, the flexible protective net 111' can withstand the impact of the occupant's head and achieve buffering of the occupant's head, ensuring that the occupant's head and neck will not be injured.

[0156] The hard frame can be fixedly connected to both ends of the flexible protective net 111' and pivotally connected to the mounting base. This can make the protective cover structure lighter and less obstructive to the occupant's vision. Fig.21 In the embodiment, the rigid frame may include an outer support frame 112' located outside the mounting base and a first rotating support frame 113 located inside the mounting base, and the first rotating support frame 113 includes a supporting cross bar 114 fixedly connected to the outer support frame 112'. Pivoting structures 116 and 115 may be respectively arranged at the lower ends of the outer support frame 112' and the first rotating support frame 113, which may be respectively connected to the outer support frame 112' and the first rotating support frame 113. Figure 7 The outer rings of the two bearings 320 located at both ends of the rotating shaft 330 are fixed.

[0157] In order to enhance the cushioning effect of the protective cover body 100' on the occupant's head, an inner lining (not shown in the figure) may be provided on the side of the flexible protective net 111' adjacent to the occupant's head. The inner lining may be fixedly or detachably connected to the flexible protective net 111'. The inner lining may include a flexible energy-absorbing material for cushioning the occupant's head. The structure thereof may refer to the aforementioned description of the inner lining in the protective cover body 100, which will not be described in detail here.

[0158] As mentioned above, the occupant active safety protection device may include a protective cover body for forward protection. In some embodiments, a single protective cover body for forward protection may be provided, for example Figure 1 The protective cover body 100 and Fig.19 In some other embodiments, a single protective cover body for achieving rearward protection may be provided, for example Fig. 22 The protective cover body 100" in the embodiment.

[0159] Take the protective cover body 100" for realizing rearward protection as an example. Referring to FIG. 23(a), FIG. 23(b) and Fig.24 In some embodiments, the protective cover body 100" has a normal position 100A' and a blocking position 100B'. The normal position 100A' of the protective cover body 100" refers to the position of the protective cover body 100" when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range. The protective cover body 100" in the normal position 100A' can have a gap with the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position, and is at least partially located above the head of the occupant.

[0160] The blocking position 100B' of the protective cover 100" refers to the position where the protective cover 100' can limit the inertial swing range of the occupant's head. Fig.24It can be seen that a supporting structure 241 can be provided on the mounting base. The supporting structure 241 can support the outer shell of the protective cover body 100" to limit the extreme rotation position of the protective cover body 100" and the blocking position 100B' of the protective cover body 100". The protective cover body 100 in the blocking position 100B' can limit the swing range of the back of the head, so that the occupant's head can swing backward at most to the inner lining of the protective cover body 100" under the action of inertia. In this way, by limiting the swing range of the dummy's head, whiplash injuries caused by excessive backward extension of the head when the vehicle is rear-ended are avoided.

[0161] refer to Fig.25 In some embodiments, the mounting base 200 includes a headrest shell 210, a headrest lining 240, a backrest plate 230, and an adjustment handle 220. A second mounting hole 252 may be provided on the headrest shell 210 and the headrest lining 240. The rotating shaft 330 in the rotating connection mechanism is directly inserted into the second mounting hole 252 or inserted through the sleeve 310.

[0162] refer to Fig.25 , Fig.26 and Fig. 27 In some embodiments, the protective cover body 100 includes: a hard protective shell 110" and an inner lining 120". The hard protective shell 110" is pivotally connected to the mounting base 200 via a rotating connection mechanism 300. The inner lining 120" is fixedly or detachably arranged on the side of the hard protective shell 110" adjacent to the occupant's head. The hard protective shell 110" can be made of a hard material (such as polycarbonate PC or hard aluminum alloy, etc.). The inner lining 120" can include a plurality of flexible layers 121" having flexible energy-absorbing materials. The plurality of flexible layers 121" are distributed sequentially along the force direction when blocking the occupant's head, and adjacent flexible layers 121" are detachable.

[0163] For the protective cover body 100", in order to ensure that the protective cover body 100" rotates to the blocking position before the occupant's head, it is preferred that the rotational inertia of the protective cover body 100" is smaller than the rotational inertia of the occupant's head. An auxiliary drive mechanism may or may not be provided on the protective cover body 100".

[0164] refer to Fig.26 In some embodiments, the hard protective shell 110" includes a top shell 111" located at the top and two support shells 112" located on both sides of the top shell 111". The top shell 111" and the two support shells 112" can form a semi-enclosed hard shell structure with good strength and rigidity, and can maintain reliability when the acceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range.

[0165] A pivot structure 115" may be provided at the lower end of the support shell 112", through which the hard protective shell 110" may be integrally rotatably connected to the inner side of the headrest lining 240 to prevent the rotation of the protective cover body 100" from interfering with the headrest lining 240. The pivot structure 115" may be fixed to the outer ring of the bearing 320 at one end of the rotating shaft 330, respectively.

[0166] In some embodiments, the occupant active safety protection device may include more than two protective shields to block and protect the occupant's head from more than two directions. Fig.28 In the invention, the occupant active safety protection device comprises a first protective cover body (i.e. Figure 1 The protective cover body 100) and the second protective cover body ( Fig. 22 The first protective cover body is configured to rotate forward by inertia when the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range (for example, a car brakes suddenly or a forward collision occurs when driving at a high speed) to prevent the occupant's head from swinging forward by inertia. The second protective cover body is configured to rotate backward by inertia when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range (for example, a car is rear-ended) to prevent the occupant's head from swinging backward by inertia.

[0167] By rotating the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body, the occupant's head can be blocked at the front and rear sides of the occupant's head to prevent the neck from being flexed forward and stretched backward. In other embodiments, more protective covers can be used to protect the head in directions other than the front and rear directions (e.g., left or right sides) to prevent the neck from being stretched sideways.

[0168] Considering that the frontal bone and occipital bone of human beings are the direct stress-bearing parts in the front-back direction, and the temporal bone is located almost in the center of the spherical skull. Fig.28 and Fig.29 In some embodiments, the projections of the first pivot point C between the first protective cover body (e.g., protective cover body 100) and the mounting base 200 and the second pivot point D between the second protective cover body (e.g., protective cover body 100") and the mounting base 200 on the median sagittal plane of the occupant's head in the normal sitting position are both located within the projection range of the temporal bone of the occupant's head on the median sagittal plane.

[0169] In some embodiments, the first pivot point C and the second pivot point D can be the same, that is, the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body share a pivot point. In other embodiments, it is preferred that the first pivot point C and the second pivot point D are different to facilitate the arrangement of the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body relative to the mounting base.

[0170] In order to keep the protective cover 100 ″ in the normal position, the protective cover 100 as the first protective cover can be used to assist in maintaining the protective cover 100 ″. Fig.29 In some embodiments, the retaining mechanism includes a snap-fit ​​structure disposed between the first protective cover and the second protective cover for maintaining the normal position of the second protective cover. The second protective cover can be disengaged from the snap-fit ​​structure when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range.

[0171] exist Fig.26 and Fig. 27 In the embodiment, the hard protective shell 110" and the inner liner 120" are both provided with forward protrusions 118" and 124" at the front side, and the two can be combined into a forward protrusion with a certain thickness. Fig.29 A slot 127 may be provided at the rear side of the inner lining 120 of the middle protective cover body 100, which can cooperate with the forward protrusion. The forward protrusion can be inserted into the slot 127 and held by the slot 127. When the protective cover body 100' rotates backward, the forward protrusion can be driven out of the slot 127 under the action of inertia.

[0172] The above-mentioned various forms of protective cover bodies can be assembled or removed on the mounting base as needed. The above-mentioned embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants of the present disclosure can be applied to child safety seats, vehicle seats or vehicles. Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a child safety seat, a vehicle seat and a vehicle, which can include any of the above-mentioned embodiments of the active safety protection device for occupants. The vehicle of the present disclosure as a means of transportation can also include the above-mentioned child safety seat or the above-mentioned vehicle seat.

[0173] So far, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solution disclosed here.

[0174] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An active safety protection device for passengers, used for active safety protection of passengers in a vehicle, characterized in that: include: At least one protective cover body having a normal position and a blocking position, wherein the protective cover body in the normal position can have a gap with the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position and is at least partially located above the head of the occupant, and the protective cover body in the blocking position can limit the inertial swing range of the occupant's head; and A rotation connection mechanism, disposed between the protective cover body and a mounting base relatively stationary with respect to the vehicle, for realizing the rotation of the protective cover body relative to the mounting base; Wherein, the protective cover body is configured to be able to rotate from the normal position to the blocking position under the action of inertia when the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle exceeds a preset threshold range; Among them, the active safety protection device for occupants also includes: A reset mechanism is operably connected to the protective cover body and is used to return the protective cover body in the blocking position to a normal position of the protective cover body when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed a preset threshold range.

2. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes the mounting base; wherein, The mounting base is integrally formed with a headrest of a seat located inside the vehicle or is detachably arranged on the headrest of the seat; The mounting base is integrally formed with a headrest of a child safety seat located inside the vehicle or is detachably arranged on the headrest of the child safety seat; The mounting base is detachably arranged on the inner top of the vehicle.

3. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The holding mechanism is integrally formed with the protective cover or operably connected to the protective cover, and is used to keep the protective cover in a normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed a preset threshold range.

4. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of gravity of the protective cover body in the normal position and the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the blocking position are respectively located on two sides of a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body.

5. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A blocking position limiting mechanism, connected between the protective cover body and the mounting base, for limiting the position of the protective cover body rotated to the blocking position; A holding and resetting mechanism is operably connected to the protective cover body, and is used to keep the protective cover body in the normal position when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range, and to return the protective cover body to the normal position when the protective cover body in the blocking position is released from the restriction of the blocking position restriction mechanism; Wherein, the center of gravity of the protective cover body in the normal position is located in a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body.

6. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blocking position limiting mechanism comprises: At least two sections of telescopic sleeves have telescopic limit structures, which can lock the telescopic length of the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves after the at least two sections of telescopic sleeves are extended to the maximum allowable length; The holding and resetting mechanism comprises: A tension spring has one end connected to the protective cover body and the other end connected to the mounting base.

7. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base also includes: The height adjustment structure is connected to the rotating connection mechanism and is used to adjust the height of the rotating connection mechanism to adjust the distance between the protective cover body and the head of the occupant in the normal sitting posture.

8. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one protective cover body comprises: A first protective cover body, configured to rotate forward by inertia when the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range, so as to prevent the occupant's head from swinging forward by inertia; and The second protective cover is configured to rotate backward by inertia when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range, so as to prevent the occupant's head from swinging backward by inertia.

9. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The projections of the first pivot point between the first protective cover body and the mounting base and the second pivot point between the second protective cover body and the mounting base on the median sagittal plane of the occupant's head in the normal sitting position are both located within the projection range of the temporal bone of the occupant's head on the median sagittal plane, and the first pivot point is the same as or different from the second pivot point.

10. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first protective cover body includes a first rotating bracket, and the occupant active safety protection device also includes a holding mechanism, and the holding mechanism includes: A first slot, disposed on the mounting base, capable of cooperating with the first rotating bracket to maintain a normal position of the first protective cover body; A clamping structure, disposed between the first protective cover body and the second protective cover body, and used to maintain a normal position of the second protective cover body; Among them, the first protective cover body can drive the first rotating bracket to disengage from the first clamping slot when the deceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range; the second protective cover body can disengage from the clamping structure when the acceleration of the vehicle in the driving direction exceeds a preset threshold range.

11. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes a rotation limiting mechanism, the rotation limiting mechanism includes: A second slot is provided on the mounting base and can cooperate with the first rotating bracket to limit the extreme rotation position of the first protective cover body as a blocking position of the first protective cover body; The abutting structure is arranged on the mounting base and can abut against the outer shell of the second protective cover body to limit the extreme rotation position of the second protective cover body as the blocking position of the second protective cover body.

12. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moment of inertia of each of the at least one protective cover body is smaller than the moment of inertia of the occupant's head.

13. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 12, characterized in that: Also includes: The auxiliary driving mechanism is connected to the protective cover body and is used to provide the protective cover body with an auxiliary driving action in the same direction as the inertial rotation direction of the protective cover body when the protective cover body moves by inertia.

14. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The protective cover body comprises a passage at least from the top of the protective cover body to a side of the protective cover body corresponding to the blocking position; The auxiliary driving mechanism comprises: The inertial body is located in the channel and in sliding or rolling contact with the channel. It is configured to slide or roll relative to the channel under the action of inertia and drive the protective cover body to move to the blocking position.

15. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The inertial body includes at least one spherical inertial body that can roll along the channel. The channel is also provided with a receiving groove at the top of the protective cover body for maintaining the spherical inertial body in a stationary state in the channel when the protective cover body is in a normal position.

16. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first end of the channel is located at the top of the protective cover body, the second end is located at a side of the protective cover body corresponding to the blocking position, and the two ends of the channel are respectively located on both sides of a vertical plane passing through the rotation axis of the protective cover body, and the first end is lower than the highest point of the channel, and the projection of the bottom surface of the channel on the median sagittal plane of the head of the occupant in a normal sitting position is a straight line or a parabola.

17. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The channel comprises a plurality of mutually parallel sub-channels, and a spherical inertial body is arranged in each sub-channel.

18. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating connection mechanism comprises: A rotating shaft fixedly connected to the mounting base; and The bearing is arranged between the rotating shaft and the protective cover body.

19. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover body comprises: A hard protective shell is pivotally connected to the mounting base via the rotating connection mechanism; An inner liner, fixedly or detachably arranged on a side of the hard protective shell adjacent to the occupant's head; Wherein, the inner lining includes a flexible energy-absorbing material for cushioning the occupant's head.

20. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective cover body comprises: Flexible protective nets; and The hard frame is fixedly connected to the flexible protection net and is pivotally connected to the mounting base.

21. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 20, characterized in that: The protective cover body also includes: An inner lining, fixedly or detachably arranged on a side of the flexible protective net adjacent to the occupant's head; Wherein, the inner lining includes a flexible energy-absorbing material for cushioning the occupant's head.

22. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 19 or 21, characterized in that: The inner lining comprises a plurality of flexible layers having the flexible energy absorbing material, which are distributed in sequence along the force direction when blocking the head of the occupant, and adjacent flexible layers are detachable.

23. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The warning mechanism is connected to the protective cover body and is used to warn the occupant when the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle do not exceed the preset threshold range and the occupant's head deviates from the preset distance in the inertial swing direction relative to the head position in the normal sitting posture.

24. The active occupant safety protection device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The warning agencies include: A flexible warning strip, both ends of which are connected to the protective cover body and spans across the front side of the occupant's head; Among them, the distance between the flexible warning strip and the head of the occupant in the normal sitting position is less than or equal to the preset distance, so that when the occupant's head deviates forward from the preset distance, the flexible warning strip is pushed to move forward, and the protective cover body is pulled by the flexible warning strip to rotate toward the blocking position to realize warning to the occupant.

25. A child safety seat, characterized in that: include: The active occupant safety protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

26. A vehicle seat, characterized in that: include: The active occupant safety protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

27. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: An active occupant safety protection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 24, a child safety seat as described in claim 25, or a vehicle seat as described in claim 26.

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