A catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion

Abstract

The invention provides a catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion, comprising a shell, an upper end cap and a lower end cap, a gas transmission pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the shell, a plurality of heat exchange pipes are filled in the annular cavity enclosed by the shell and the gas transmission pipe, the heat exchange pipes are evenly distributed along the circumference and arranged in multiple layers in a radially staggered manner, the heat exchange pipes are U-shaped, a plurality of connection holes are evenly opened on the shell, the U-shaped open ends of the heat exchange pipes are plugged and matched with the connection holes one by one and are welded and fixed to the shell; a jacket is welded and fixed outside the shell, a steam inlet is arranged on the jacket, the steam inlet is connected to a steam source, and the steam flows between the jacket and the heat exchange pipe through the connection holes, a plurality of nitrogen pipelines are arranged at the bottom of the shell, the nitrogen pipelines extend into the inner cavity of the shell and are connected to the gas transmission pipe to transport nitrogen to the gas transmission pipe, a feed port is arranged at the top of the upper end cap, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the lower end cap. The invention can quickly remove moisture from the catalyst, improve the activity of the catalyst, and reduce resource waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts for vinyl chloride synthesis, and in particular to a catalyst high-efficiency drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion. Background Art

[0002] In the process of producing vinyl chloride, the synthesis converter is a key equipment. The vinyl chloride synthesis converter is a large shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The shells and tubes are filled with high mercury chloride catalysts with activated carbon as the carrier. The mixed gas of acetylene and hydrogen chloride is catalyzed by the catalyst in the shell and tube to synthesize vinyl chloride.

[0003] The traditional process uses nitrogen purge replacement to keep dry, and then uses hydrogen chloride gas to activate the catalyst. However, hydrogen chloride gas and water molecules will form acid water, causing tube corrosion. When the water content in the mixed gas is greater than 0.06%, a relatively serious hydrogen depolarization reaction will occur in the tube, which will cause the tube to be seriously corroded, causing mercuric chloride to sublimate, catalyst deactivation, large side reactions, reducing the production capacity of the converter, and affecting the catalyst life cycle and conversion rate, directly affecting the service life of the converter, and the tube space is small and the drying time is long. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device to quickly remove the moisture from the catalyst and activate the catalyst. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion, which solves the problems in the prior art of small drying space for catalyst in tube arrays, long drying time, and easy corrosion of tube arrays.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion comprises a shell, an upper head and a lower head, a gas pipeline is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the shell, the bottom and the top of the gas pipeline are both closed and a plurality of air holes are opened on the pipe wall of the gas pipeline;

[0006] The annular cavity formed by the shell and the gas pipe is filled with a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference and arranged in multiple layers in a radially staggered manner. The heat exchange tubes are U-shaped, and the shell is evenly provided with a plurality of connecting holes. The U-shaped opening ends of the heat exchange tubes are plugged into the connecting holes one by one and are fixed to the shell by welding;

[0007] A jacket is welded and fixed outside the shell, and a steam inlet is provided on the jacket, and the steam inlet is connected to a steam source, and the steam flows between the jacket and the heat exchange tube through a connecting hole. A plurality of nitrogen pipelines are provided at the bottom of the shell, and the nitrogen pipelines extend into the inner cavity of the shell and are connected to the gas pipeline to transport nitrogen to the gas pipeline. A feed port is provided at the top of the upper head, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the lower head.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] By arranging heat exchange tubes and jackets, a steam source continuously supplies steam, and the steam enters the jacket from the steam inlet and enters the heat exchange tubes through the connecting holes. The heat exchange tubes emit heat to dry the catalyst in the shell, so that water molecules evaporate. At the same time, continuous supply of nitrogen is achieved through the gas pipeline and the nitrogen pipeline. Nitrogen with a low moisture content (moisture content of 0.01%) is used as a drying medium, which has a large moisture carrying capacity. The reactor has a large loading capacity and can quickly remove moisture from the catalyst, thereby improving the activity of the catalyst, thereby further improving the conversion efficiency of the vinyl chloride synthesis converter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of heat exchange tubes in the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ring pipe in the present invention.

[0013] In the above drawings: 1. Shell; 10. Gas transmission pipe; 11. Heat exchange pipe; 12. Nitrogen pipeline; 13. Flow guide pipe; 14. Rib plate; 15. Horizontal plate; 16. Flat steel; 17. Gas recovery pipe; 18. Upper cover; 2. Upper head; 20. Feed inlet; 3. Lower head; 30. Discharge port; 31. Distribution cone; 32. Acid discharge port; 33. Steam coil; 4. Jacket; 40. Steam inlet; 41. Steam pipeline; 42. Condensate outlet; 5. Annular pipe; 50. Connecting plate; 51. Vertical plate; 52. Horizontal plate; 53. Arc portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion, comprising a shell 1, an upper head 2 and a lower head 3, wherein a gas pipeline 10 is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the shell 1, the bottom and the top of the gas pipeline 10 are both closed and a plurality of air holes are provided on the pipe wall of the gas pipeline 10;

[0016] The annular cavity formed by the shell 1 and the gas pipe 10 is filled with a plurality of heat exchange tubes 11, which are evenly distributed along the circumference and arranged in multiple layers in a radially staggered manner. The heat exchange tubes 11 are U-shaped, and the shell 1 is evenly provided with a plurality of connecting holes. The U-shaped opening ends of the heat exchange tubes 11 are plugged into the connecting holes one by one and are fixed to the shell 1 by welding.

[0017] A jacket 4 is welded and fixed to the outside of the shell 1, and a steam inlet 40 is provided on the jacket 4. The steam inlet 40 is connected to a steam source, and the steam flows between the jacket 4 and the heat exchange tube 11 through a connecting hole. A plurality of nitrogen pipelines 12 are provided at the bottom of the shell 1, and the nitrogen pipelines 12 extend into the inner cavity of the shell 1 and are connected to the gas delivery pipe 10 to deliver nitrogen to the gas delivery pipe 10. A feed port 20 is provided at the top of the upper head 2, and a discharge port 30 is provided at the bottom of the lower head 3.

[0018] Specifically, an annular tube 5 is also provided around the shell 1, and the annular tube 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the jacket 4 through a connecting plate 50. A plurality of through holes are evenly provided on the tube wall of the annular tube 5. A plurality of steam inlets 40 are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of steam inlets 40 are connected to the annular tube 5 through steam pipes 41, respectively, and the steam pipes 41 are fixedly connected to the jacket 4.

[0019] The connecting plate 50 includes a longitudinal plate 51 and a transverse plate 52 perpendicular to the longitudinal plate 51 . An arc portion 53 that fits the outer wall of the annular tube 5 is provided at the intersection of the longitudinal plate 51 and the transverse plate 52 . One end of the transverse plate 52 away from the arc portion 53 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the jacket 4 .

[0020] In the above scheme, an air delivery pipe 10 is vertically arranged in the middle of the shell 1, and the air delivery pipe 10 and the inner cavity of the shell 1 form an annular cavity. The heat exchange tubes 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference and arranged in a radially staggered manner to fill the annular cavity. The heat exchange tubes 11 are U-shaped, and the U-shaped open ends are convenient for connecting with the shell 1. A connecting hole is provided on the shell 1, and the U-shaped open ends are respectively inserted into the connecting holes and are welded and fixed to the shell 1 at the connection. A circle of jacket 4 is provided outside the shell 1, and the inner wall of the jacket 4 and the outer wall of the shell 1 form a cavity closed on all sides. An annular tube 5 is also arranged around the shell 1, and the annular tube 5 is fixed to the jacket 4 through a connecting plate 50. The connecting plate 50 has a simple structure and can reliably support the annular tube 5. A plurality of through holes are provided on the annular tube 5, and a plurality of steam inlets 40 are evenly provided on the jacket 4 along the circumference. The steam inlet 40 is connected to the steam inlet 40 at one end away from the annular tube 5. The steam inlet 40 is connected to the annular tube 5 at one end not connected to the steam source through the steam pipe 41. The steam enters the annular tube 5 and enters the jacket 4 through the through hole. The annular tube 5 is provided with a through hole so that the steam can flow out from multiple directions at the same time and enter the heat exchange tube 11 through the connecting hole, thereby dissipating heat to dry the catalyst. The heating is more uniform and the drying effect is good. The gas pipeline 10 and the nitrogen pipeline 12 are provided, and the end of the nitrogen pipeline 12 not connected to the gas pipeline 10 is connected to the nitrogen tank to realize the continuous supply of nitrogen. Nitrogen with a low moisture content (moisture content 0.01%) is used as the drying medium, which has a large moisture carrying capacity, further improves the drying effect of the catalyst, improves the activity of the catalyst, and thus effectively prolongs the service life of the catalyst, improves the conversion efficiency of the vinyl chloride synthesis converter, and reduces the waste of resources.

[0021] In the above scheme, if Figure 1As shown, a plurality of guide tubes 13 are arranged in a circumferential array outside the shell 1, the guide tubes 13 extend along the axial direction of the shell 1, and both ends of the guide tubes 13 are respectively mounted on the shell 1 through ribs 14, and a condensate outlet 42 is also provided at the lower end of the jacket 4. The steam condenses after heat exchange, slides down the guide tubes 13 and sinks to the bottom of the jacket 4, and is discharged through the condensate outlet 42. At the same time, the continuous entry of steam makes the temperature of the inner cavity of the jacket 4 constant, thereby ensuring the drying effect.

[0022] In the above scheme, two groups of horizontal plates 15 are further provided in the shell 1, and the horizontal plates 15 are respectively distributed at the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchange tube 11. The horizontal plates 15 are composed of a plurality of flat steels 16 located in the same horizontal plane, and the two ends of the flat steels 16 are respectively fixed to two adjacent heat exchange tubes 11. By providing the flat steels 16, the heat exchange tubes 11 are fixed, and the integrity of the heat exchange tubes 11 is improved, making them more firm.

[0023] In the above scheme, a gas recovery pipe 17 is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the shell 1, one end of the gas recovery pipe 17 extends into the inner cavity of the shell 1, and a plurality of recovery holes are provided on the gas recovery pipe 17 at the extending end. The gas recovery pipe 17 is used to recover nitrogen after moisture absorption and fine powder raised during the drying process, further ensuring the drying effect.

[0024] In the above solution, the upper end of the gas pipe 10 is provided with an upper cover 18 for closing the top of the gas pipe 10, and the upper cover 18 is in a cone shape. It can effectively prevent the catalyst from gathering at the top and blocking the gas pipe 10, and make the catalyst dispersed in the gap between the heat exchange tube 11 and the gas pipe 10, so that the catalyst is evenly heated and the drying effect is good.

[0025] In the above scheme, a distribution cone 31 of a frustum structure is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower end cap 3. The inner cavity of the distribution cone 31 is hollow, and mesh holes are evenly provided on the wall plate of the distribution cone 31. The bottom of the distribution cone 31 is connected to the acid discharge port 32, and the discharge port 30 is inclined to one side of the acid discharge port 32. The outer wall of the lower end cap 3 is sleeved with a steam coil 33 arranged in a spiral shape. The steam coil 33 is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end are connected to the external steam system. The distribution cone 31 and the acid discharge port 32 are provided to discharge the acid generated by the catalyst due to moisture. The dried catalyst is discharged from the discharge port 30 for collection. At the same time, the distribution cone 31 blocks the catalyst from the outside to prevent dead zones when the catalyst is discharged. The steam coil 33 is used for heating to achieve secondary drying, further remove moisture from the catalyst, and improve the activity of the catalyst.

[0026] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, an upper head and a lower head, wherein an air pipe is vertically arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the shell, the bottom and the top of the air pipe are both closed and a plurality of air holes are opened on the pipe wall of the air pipe; The annular cavity formed by the shell and the gas pipe is filled with a plurality of heat exchange tubes, which are evenly distributed along the circumference and arranged in multiple layers in a radially staggered manner. The heat exchange tubes are U-shaped, and the shell is evenly provided with a plurality of connecting holes. The U-shaped opening ends of the heat exchange tubes are plugged into the connecting holes one by one and are fixed to the shell by welding; A jacket is welded and fixed outside the shell, and a steam inlet is provided on the jacket, and the steam inlet is connected to a steam source, and steam flows between the jacket and the heat exchange tube through a connecting hole, and a plurality of nitrogen pipelines are provided at the bottom of the shell, and the nitrogen pipelines extend into the inner cavity of the shell and are connected to the gas delivery pipe to deliver nitrogen to the gas delivery pipe, and a feed port is provided at the top of the upper head, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the lower head; An annular tube is also arranged around the outside of the shell, and the annular tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the jacket through a connecting plate, and a plurality of through holes are evenly arranged on the tube wall of the annular tube, and a plurality of steam inlets are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the plurality of steam inlets are respectively connected to the annular tube through steam pipes, and the steam pipes are fixedly connected to the jacket; an upper cover for closing the top of the gas pipe is arranged at the upper end of the gas transmission pipe, and the upper cover is in the shape of a cone; a distribution cone with a frustum structure is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower head, and the inner cavity of the distribution cone is hollow, and mesh holes are evenly arranged on the wall plate of the distribution cone, and the bottom of the distribution cone is connected to the acid discharge port, and the discharge port is obliquely arranged on one side of the acid discharge port; a steam coil arranged in a spiral shape is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower head, and the steam coil is provided with an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the air inlet end and the air outlet end are connected to the external steam system.

2. A catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate comprises a longitudinal plate and a transverse plate perpendicular to the longitudinal plate. An arc portion fitting with the outer wall of the annular tube is provided at the intersection of the longitudinal plate and the transverse plate. One end of the transverse plate away from the arc portion is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the jacket.

3. The catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide tubes are distributed in a circumferential array outside the shell. The guide tubes extend along the axial direction of the shell and both ends of the guide tubes are respectively mounted on the shell through ribs. A condensate outlet is also provided at the lower end of the jacket.

4. A catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of horizontal plates are also provided in the shell. The horizontal plates are respectively distributed at the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchange tube. The horizontal plates are composed of a plurality of flat steels located in the same horizontal plane. The two ends of the flat steels are respectively fixedly connected to two adjacent heat exchange tubes.

5. The catalyst efficient drying and activation reactor for vinyl chloride synthesis conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas recovery pipe is horizontally arranged at the upper end of the shell, one end of the gas recovery pipe extends into the inner cavity of the shell, and a plurality of recovery holes are arranged on the gas recovery pipe at the extending end.

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