A multi-layer motor and its control system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-layer motor and its control system. The multi-layer motor includes L motor units. Each motor unit includes a stator unit and a rotor unit. The stator units of the L motor units are arranged and fixed together in an axial stack. The rotor units of the L motor units are arranged in an axial layer and fixed on a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the middle of the motor unit, and the rotor unit is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft. Each stator unit includes m groups of coils, and each group of coils has n phases. Each motor unit has m x n groups of excitation coils and a corresponding rotor unit, where L, m, and n are natural numbers greater than 1. The motor unit is a toothless groove torque or non-magnetic card torque motor unit. The present invention solves the problems that the existing motor control system cannot drive the motor to operate personalized and is difficult to carry out power recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor control, and in particular to a multi-layer motor and a control system thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of electric vehicles now puts forward some new requirements for motors and their control systems, requiring the output of motors to be better controlled to meet the needs of electric vehicles, especially vehicles powered by mobile power supplies in various working conditions, and to be more energy-efficient to improve the efficiency and endurance of vehicles. In some cases, rapid power recovery is also required. Therefore, it is necessary to develop motors more suitable for electric vehicles and corresponding control and power supply systems.

[0003] Traditional motors usually have only one set of coils. After the motor is produced, the connection of the coils inside the motor cannot be changed, let alone the resistance value of the coils inside the motor. Before electric vehicles were popularized and developed, motors were mostly used to power industrial machinery. The motor's highest efficiency output would be set to a specific torque and speed to allow the machinery to operate stably and efficiently. When electric vehicles are operating, the torque and speed must be changed according to the driving conditions, so the motor's output will deviate from the highest efficiency torque and speed settings. When the vehicle starts and accelerates, the motor needs to output a strong torque. When the vehicle is running at high speed, the motor only needs to maintain a relatively high speed and reduce the output torque. In the above case, the general motor will be set to a large torque output so that the motor will not overheat and burn. However, when the torque is reduced, the motor cannot change the resistance of the internal coil. At high speeds, the motor needs to maintain the voltage in the coil, which consumes considerable electricity. Therefore, traditional electric vehicles fail to save electricity when driving at high speeds.

[0004] On the other hand, since the motors generally used in electric vehicles consume considerable voltage and current when working, when the vehicle brakes, it is difficult for the running motor to be quickly converted into a generator. In addition, the motors used in general electric vehicles usually use thick coils or multiple coils to reduce resistance and allow large currents to pass through to provide greater power, but this configuration cannot effectively recover power and convert it into electrical energy. Summary of the invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a multi-layer motor and a control system thereof to solve the problem that the existing motor control system cannot drive the motor to operate in an individualized manner and is difficult to recover power.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a multi-layer motor is disclosed, which includes L motor units, each motor unit includes a stator unit and a rotor unit, the stator units of the L motor units are stacked and fixed together along the axial direction, the rotor units of the L motor units are stacked and fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction, the rotating shaft passes through the middle of the motor unit, and the rotor unit is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, each stator unit includes m groups of coils, each group of coils has n groups of phases, each motor unit has mxn groups of excitation coils and a corresponding group of rotor units, wherein L, m and n are natural numbers greater than 1, and the motor unit is a tooth-free torque or magnetic card torque-free motor unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the motor unit is a coreless permanent magnet motor unit or a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit. In different application situations, the multi-layer motor can be equipped with one or more motor units with no tooth slot torque. The number and phase of the excitation coils of the stator unit are the same as the number and phase of the excitation coils of other stator units, and the position is the same. The rotor unit is fixed on the same rotating shaft, and the magnetic poles or induction poles on the rotor unit of each motor unit are the same as the number and position of the magnetic poles of other rotor units.

[0009] Furthermore, the stator unit includes: an ironless permanent magnet motor stator unit and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit, and the ironless permanent magnet motor stator unit and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit are stacked and fixed along the axial direction, and the rotor unit includes: an ironless permanent magnet motor rotor unit and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit, and the ironless permanent magnet motor rotor unit and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit are stacked and fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a control system for a multi-layer motor is disclosed, the control system comprising: a main control computer, the main control computer is connected to a plurality of motor drivers, each motor driver is connected to a motor unit, the motor drivers are controlled by the main control computer, and the motor drivers control the correspondingly connected motor units.

[0011] Furthermore, the motor driver detects and calculates the phase of the stator unit in each motor unit and the relative position between the magnetic poles in the rotor unit through a Hall detection element coaxially connected to the motor unit and the back electromotive force of the motor unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the motor driver senses the magnetic poles and steering angles of the rotor of the motor unit connected to it through the Hall detection element, calculates the corresponding phase when the rotor unit generates the most effective torque, and supplies power to the m excitation coil groups in the same phase. Each motor driver will share the sensed and calculated information with the main control computer and the motor drivers of other motor units in the multi-layer motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the main control computer will adjust the number of motor units turned on and off according to the requirements of load torque and speed. When the multi-layer motor drives the load to start or increase the speed, that is, increase the output torque, the main system calculator will instruct an appropriate number or all of the motor units to work until the multi-layer motor reaches the required speed. The main system calculator will control some of the motor units to enter sleep mode, leaving a sufficient number of motor units to work to maintain the required torque and speed.

[0014] Furthermore, when the main control computer detects that the motor unit is decelerating, it adjusts the motor unit in the sleep state to be converted into a generator through the motor driver to recover electric energy. When the main control computer detects that the motor unit is braking, it converts all the motor units into generators through the motor driver to recover electric energy and assist in the braking action.

[0015] Furthermore, the main control computer will instruct the motor units to work and sleep in turn according to the status of each motor unit and data such as the operating temperature.

[0016] Furthermore, the main control calculator divides the output power of the multi-layer motor into L levels from low to high, and the main control calculator controls the L motor drivers according to the output power levels to enable the multi-layer motor to output power in a most efficient manner.

[0017] Furthermore, when the motor unit of the motor driver is set to sleep, the back electromotive force generated by the motor unit will be grounded to the battery through the freewheeling diode in the insulated gate bipolar transistor or metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor in the driver, so that the rotor in the sleep motor unit is not affected by the force of the stator back electromotive force, thereby slowing down the overall speed of the motor.

[0018] Furthermore, the control system also includes a main power management computer, which is connected to a main battery pack, which is connected to a battery column, which includes multiple slave battery packs, and each slave battery pack is connected to a motor unit.

[0019] Furthermore, the slave battery pack is connected to a common fast charging unit, which is connected to the master battery pack. When the power of the slave battery pack is insufficient, it is charged through the common fast charging unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the main battery pack is also connected to a high-power fast charging unit, and the high-power fast charging unit and the ordinary fast charging unit operate independently without interfering with each other.

[0021] Furthermore, the main power management computer controls the slave battery packs to replenish power in a sequence according to the remaining power of the slave battery packs.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] The present invention discloses a multi-layer motor and its control system. The multi-layer motor comprises motor units, each motor unit comprises a plurality of stator disks, each stator disk has n groups of m-phase excitation coils; each layer of motor units is equipped with its own independent driver and power supply system, so that the multi-layer motor of the present invention can be controlled more flexibly. In addition, a vehicle having the multi-layer motor and its control and power supply system can realize the application of the multi-layer motor system under different driving conditions, and control its torque and speed output in the motor unit start-up and sleep mode to achieve the highest efficiency. Personalized control is realized. Moreover, when the vehicle is braking, the dormant motor unit can be used to timely recover energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0025] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-layer motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the positions of the stator magnetic poles and the rotor of a multi-layer motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the control connection of a main control computer of a multi-layer motor control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the control connection of a main power management computer of a multi-layer motor control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the operation of a motor unit in an acceleration state of a multi-layer motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6A schematic diagram of a dormant operation of a motor unit of a multi-layer motor running at a constant speed provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the operation of a motor unit in a deceleration state of a multi-layer motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the operation of a motor unit of a multi-layer motor in a brake state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of efficiency when different numbers of motor units are used in a multi-layer motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1-motor unit, 2-stator unit, 3-rotor unit, 4-rotating shaft, 5-main control computer, 6-motor driver, 7-Hall detection element, 8-main power management computer, 9-main battery pack, 10-slave battery pack, 11-ordinary fast charging unit, 12-high-power fast charging unit, 13-main power management computer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The present embodiment discloses a multi-layer motor. The following describes in detail the embodiments of the multi-layer motor and its control and power supply system of the present invention, as well as the vehicle with the motor. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions. In the description of the multi-layer motor and its system of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "upper end", "lower end", "upper part", "lower part" and the like indicate the manner or position relationship based on the manner or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the embodiment, the multi-layer motor is coaxially merged into a power output point, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the motor referred to must be coaxially merged into a power output point.

[0039] The multi-layer motor includes L motor units 1, each motor unit 1 includes a stator unit 2 and a rotor unit 3, the stator units 2 of the L motor units 1 are stacked and fixed together along the axial direction, the rotor units 3 of the L motor units 1 are arranged in layers along the axial direction and fixed on the rotating shaft 4, the rotating shaft 4 passes through the middle of the motor unit 1, and the rotor unit 3 is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 4, each stator unit 2 includes m groups of coils, each group of coils has n groups of phases, each motor unit 1 has mxn groups of excitation coils and a corresponding group of rotor units 3, wherein L, m and n are natural numbers greater than 1, and the motor unit 1 is a tooth-free torque or magnetic card torque-free motor unit 1.

[0040] The motor unit 1 is an iron-coreless permanent magnet motor unit 1 or a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1. In different application situations, the multi-layer motor can be equipped with one or more toothless torque motor units 1. The number and phase of the excitation coils of the stator unit 2 are the same as the number and phase of the excitation coils of other stator units 2, and the rotor unit 3 is fixed on the same rotating shaft 4. The magnetic poles or induction magnetic poles on the rotor unit 3 of each motor unit 1 are the same as the number and position of the magnetic poles of other rotor units 3. The stator unit 2 includes: an iron-coreless permanent magnet motor stator unit 2 and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1. The iron-coreless permanent magnet motor stator unit 2 and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1 are stacked and fixed in the axial direction. The rotor unit 3 includes: an iron-coreless permanent magnet motor rotor unit 3 and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1. The iron-coreless permanent magnet motor rotor unit 3 and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1 are stacked and fixed in the axial direction. The rotor unit 3 includes: an iron-coreless permanent magnet motor rotor unit 3 and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1. The iron-coreless permanent magnet motor rotor unit 3 and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1 are stacked and fixed in the axial direction and fixed on the rotating shaft 4.

[0041] In this embodiment, L motor units 1 are connected by a rotating shaft 4, wherein the rotor unit 3 is located between the stator units 2. The rotor unit 3 rotates synchronously with the rotor shaft. The number of excitation coils of the stators of the L motor units 1 is the same, and the phase position is also the same. The corresponding magnetic poles and directions of the rotors of the L motor units 1 are the same. Since the multi-layer motor of the present invention includes a plurality of motor units 1, the stator of each motor unit 1 can be driven independently, so that the multi-layer motor of the present invention can be flexibly controlled to meet the needs of various working conditions.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses a control system for a multi-layer motor, wherein a main control computer 5 is connected to a plurality of motor drivers 6, each motor driver 6 is connected to a motor unit 1, and the motor driver 6 is controlled by the main control computer 5, and the motor driver 6 controls the corresponding connected motor unit 1. The motor driver 6 detects and calculates the phase of the stator unit 2 in each motor unit 1 and the relative position between the magnetic poles in the rotor unit 3 through the Hall detection element 7 coaxially connected to the motor unit 1 and the back electromotive force of the motor unit 1. The motor driver 6 senses the magnetic poles and the steering angle of the rotor of the motor unit 1 connected thereto through the Hall detection element 7, calculates the corresponding phase when the rotor unit 3 generates the most effective torque, and supplies power to the m excitation coil groups in the same phase, and each motor driver 6 shares the sensed and calculated information with the main control computer 5 and the motor drivers 6 of other motor units 1 in the multi-layer motor.

[0044] refer to Figure 3 , each motor driver 6 corresponds to a motor unit 1 and is connected to the corresponding motor unit 1, and the main control computer will send control instructions to each driver. Each motor driver 6 controls the motor unit 1 connected to it according to the control instructions of the main control computer. The motor driver 6 will accurately calculate the relative position between the stator phase and the magnetic pole through the Hall detection element 7 coaxial with the multi-layer motor unit 1 and the back electromotive force sensing of each motor unit 1. The dormant motor unit 1 is instantly matched to the frequency, participates in the work, and provides the required torque. The motor driver 6 also shares the sensed and calculated data with the main control computer 5. The main control computer 5 will send control instructions to each driver according to the status of each motor unit 1 and the output requirements of the overall multi-layer motor to control the operation of the motor unit 1.

[0045] The operation mode of the motor unit 1 includes:

[0046] 1. Consume more electricity to drive all motor units 1 to operate, so that the motor units 1 provide high speed and strong torque;

[0047] 2. Less power is consumed, the motor enters the cruise average speed operation stage, some motors provide basic power, speed and torque, and the remaining motor units 1 enter a dormant state, do not consume power, and detect various parameters of the motor unit 1, waiting for power supply or energy recovery;

[0048] 3. To recover electricity, the motor decelerates, and the motor unit 1 in the dormant state is transformed into a generator to recover electricity. When the motor stops, all motor units 1 are transformed into generators to recover electricity. The main control calculator of the control system will put part of the motor units 1 into a dormant state according to the mechanical torque output requirements, and only one motor unit 1 will provide the required speed and torque. The main control calculator can calculate the first, second or third method to control the multi-layer motor according to the overall speed and operating temperature of the multi-layer motor. When different driving methods are used, the amount of electricity used is also different, so energy loss can be effectively reduced. Using this method to adjust the total output of the motor is not like traditional motors that can only change the voltage and current method, but change its internal resistance value. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the motor unit 1 can be maintained at a high level, rather than reducing the motor output to accommodate the power and torque requirements.

[0049] refer to Figure 5 In the first motor unit 1 operation mode, the main control computer 5 controls all motor units 1 to enter the working state, providing more torque and higher speed to meet application requirements. The power system supplies power to all motor units 1 so that all motor units 1 run at full power.

[0050] refer to Figure 6In the second motor unit 1 operation mode, when the conventional motor provides power for industrial machinery, the motor's highest efficiency output will be set at a specific torque and speed. When the motor provides power for vehicles, the torque and speed must be changed according to the driving conditions. When the vehicle reaches a stable cruising speed, the motor only needs to provide less power to offset the wind resistance and the resistance of the tire rotation to maintain the cruising speed. The main control computer 5 can instruct enough motor units 1 to continue working to provide enough cruising power, and the remaining motor units 1 that do not need to work will temporarily sleep to maintain low energy consumption. The main control computer 5 will use each motor unit 1 in turn to keep the working temperature of the motor unit 1 at a reasonable level. When the output power of one or a group of motor units 1 meets the application needs, the total motor management starts the first group of motor units 1. After the first group of motor units 1 has been operated for a period of time, the working temperature increases. When the working temperature of the first group reaches the upper limit, the control computer will switch the first motor unit 1 to the sleep state and the second group of motor units 1 from the sleep state to the working state. Similarly, when the operating temperature of the second motor unit 1 reaches the upper limit, the main control computer will switch the second motor unit 1 to a dormant state and switch the third motor unit 1 from a dormant state to an operating state. And so on, the cycle continues.

[0051] In the third motor unit 1 operation mode, refer to Figure 7 When the vehicle decelerates, the main control computer 5 controls the dormant motor unit 1 to quickly convert into a generator; Figure 8 When the vehicle stops, all motor units 1 are converted into generators to maximize the energy recovery capacity and efficiency.

[0052] The main control computer 5 of the control system will put some motor units 1 in a standby state according to the mechanical torque output requirements. Only some motor units 1 will provide the required speed and torque. These motor units 1 that provide speed and torque can choose to use the first method or the second method to control the multi-layer motor according to the current speed and working temperature of the motor. When different driving methods are used, the amount of electricity used is also different, so energy loss can be effectively reduced. Using this method to adjust the total output of the motor is not like traditional motors that can only be adjusted by changing the voltage and current method. Therefore, the operating efficiency of the motor unit 1 can be maintained at a high level, rather than reducing the motor output to accommodate the power and torque requirements.

[0053] In addition to current and voltage control, there is another way to control the output power of the multi-layer motor. The main control computer 5 divides the output power of the motor unit 1 into L levels from low to high, and correspondingly switches 1 to L motor units 1 from the sleep state to the power supply state. Fig. 9As shown in the motor efficiency coverage diagram, the current and voltage control of motor unit 1 does not need to be based on output power as the main determining factor, so more efficient operating conditions can be selected, regardless of the output power. The more motor units 1 are used, the larger the range of 94% efficiency control options will be.

[0054] In many practical applications, many machines only need 20%-30% of the entire motor output power when operating for a long time. Using multi-layer motors and their control systems, a small number of motor units 1 can cope with this low output power. The main control computer 5 will use each motor unit 1 in turn to keep the operating temperature of the motor unit 1 at a reasonable level. If the output power of a motor unit 1 has met the application needs, the total motor management turns on the first motor unit 1. After the first motor unit 1 has been operating for a period of time, the operating temperature rises. When the operating temperature of the first layer reaches a specified level, the main control computer 5 will switch the first motor unit 1 to a standby state and transfer the m / 2+1th motor unit 1 from the standby state to the power supply state. Similarly, when the operating temperature of the m / 2+1th motor unit 1 reaches a specified level, the main control computer 5 will switch the m / 2+1th motor unit 1 to a standby state and transfer the second motor unit 1 from the standby state to the power supply state. By analogy, the main control computer 5 can allow the motor unit 1 that has been powered to have time and space to dissipate heat and drop to a lower temperature, which is suitable for the next power supply.

[0055] In this motor application, the power source is not a fixed power source, but a mobile power source provided by a battery. How to make good use of the power will become an important factor in whether the application is good or bad. If the application needs to be fast or slow during exercise, when the fast rotation is changed to slow speed, in addition to using braking methods and wasting power, the energy generated by inertial rotation can actually be recovered. The multi-layer motor can convert part of the motor unit 1 from the standby state to the generator function to recover this energy.

[0056] Electric vehicles are an example of mobile power applications. When an electric vehicle is driving at high speed, it will need to reduce its speed or even stop according to the road conditions. When driving at high speed, the master control computer should only use part of the motor unit 1 for power supply to provide the power required for high-speed driving, and the other part of the motor unit 1 is in a standby state. When the driver starts to slow down, the master control computer will convert the motor unit 1 in the standby state into a generator to recover the excess power in the system and convert the energy generated by inertial rotation into electricity and store it in the battery. Since part of the power of the electric vehicle has been converted into electricity for recovery, the speed of the electric vehicle will naturally decrease. If the electric vehicle needs to stop, the master control computer will convert more motor units 1 or all motor units 1 into generators to recover all power and convert the energy generated by inertial rotation into electricity. If necessary, the braking system can be used at the same time to speed up the time required for stopping.

[0057] refer to Figure 4 The control system also includes a main power management computer 13, which is connected to a main battery pack 9, which is connected to a battery column. The battery column includes multiple slave battery packs 10, each of which operates independently, and each of which is connected to a motor unit 1.

[0058] When the first slave battery pack 10 is connected to the motor unit 1, the power is consumed or the working temperature of the battery pack reaches a specified level, the second slave battery pack 10 will supply power to the motor unit 1 connected to it, and the motor unit 1 will work, and the first slave battery pack 10 and the motor unit 1 connected to it will sleep. If the voltage of the first slave battery pack 10 is not enough to supply power next time, and the working temperature is suitable for charging, it will be connected to the main battery pack 9 to quickly replenish power. When the power of the second slave battery pack 10 is about to be consumed or the working temperature of the slave battery pack 10 reaches a specified level, the remaining slave battery pack 10 will also be used to replace the second slave battery pack 10 for power supply.

[0059] The battery pack is connected to a common fast charging unit 11, which is connected to the main battery pack 9. When the power of the slave battery pack 10 is insufficient, it is charged through the common fast charging unit 11. L common fast charging units 11 are charged independently. The main battery pack 9 is also connected to a high-power fast charging unit 12. The high-power fast charging unit 12 and the common fast charging unit 11 operate independently without interfering with each other. The first common fast charging unit 11 will first check the voltage of the first slave battery pack 10. If the first slave battery pack 10 is not fully charged, it will be charged. Otherwise, the voltage of the second slave battery pack 10 will be checked. If the second slave battery pack 10 is not fully charged, it will be charged. Since the L common fast charging units 11 and the high-power fast charging unit 12 are all operated independently, due to the difference in the overall charging time, the main battery pack 9 and the multiple slave battery packs 10 will have different power levels. However, each slave battery pack 10 supplies power to the motor unit 1 independently, and the power levels between the slave battery packs 10 do not have to be consistent. Avoid automatic voltage balancing between battery packs, greatly reducing power loss. When necessary, the battery pack 10 can be charged by the storage energy battery pack. In the multi-layer motor system, flexible use is achieved.

[0060] In addition, this method reduces the power load requirements for fast charging and reduces the safety risks of fast charging. Since the entire system has L+1 chargers, the energy involved in charging is not concentrated on one charger, and safety can be easily achieved. Under the demand for fast charging, it is easier for equipment to meet safety standards. In this embodiment, the motor unit 1 in the multi-layer motor is a coreless permanent magnet motor unit 1 or a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit 1. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the motor unit 1 referred to must use a switched reluctance motor unit 1. Any motor unit 1 without a cogging effect can become the motor unit 1 of the multi-layer motor.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A control system for a multi-layer motor, It is characterized in that The control system comprises: a main control computer, the main control computer is connected to a plurality of motor drivers, each motor driver is connected to a motor unit, the motor drivers are controlled by the main control computer, and the motor drivers control the corresponding connected motor units; The multi-layer motor includes L motor units, each motor unit includes a stator unit and a rotor unit, the stator units of the L motor units are stacked and fixed together along the axial direction, the rotor units of the L motor units are arranged in layers along the axial direction and fixed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft passes through the middle of the motor unit, and the rotor unit is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft, each stator unit includes m groups of coils, each group of coils has n groups of phases, each motor unit has mxn groups of excitation coils and a corresponding group of rotor units, wherein L, m and n are natural numbers greater than 1; The motor driver detects and calculates the phase of the stator unit in each motor unit and the relative position between the magnetic poles in the rotor unit through the Hall detection element coaxially connected to the motor unit and the back electromotive force of the motor unit; The motor driver senses the magnetic pole and steering angle of the motor unit rotor connected to it through the Hall detection element, calculates the corresponding phase when the rotor unit generates the most effective torque, and supplies power to the m excitation coil groups in the same phase. Each motor driver shares the sensed and calculated information with the main control computer and the motor drivers of other motor units in the multi-layer motor; The main control computer will adjust the number of motor units turned on and off according to the requirements of load torque and speed. When the multi-layer motor drives the load to start or increase the speed, that is, increase the output torque, the main system computer will instruct an appropriate number or all of the motor units to work until the multi-layer motor reaches the required speed. The main system computer will control some motor units to enter sleep mode, and the remaining sufficient number of motor units will work to maintain the required torque and speed. When the main control computer detects that the motor unit is decelerating, it adjusts the motor unit in the sleep state to be converted into a generator through the motor driver to recover electric energy. When the main control computer detects that the motor unit is braking, it converts all the motor units into generators through the motor driver to recover electric energy and assist in the braking action.

2. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The motor unit is an ironless permanent magnet motor unit or a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit. In different application situations, the multi-layer motor is equipped with one or more motor units with toothless torque. The number and phase of the excitation coils of the stator unit are the same as the number and phase of the excitation coils of other stator units, and the position is the same. The rotor unit is fixed on the same rotating shaft, and the magnetic poles or induction poles on the rotor unit of each motor unit are the same as the number and position of the magnetic poles of other rotor units.

3. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The stator unit includes: an ironless permanent magnet motor stator unit and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit, the ironless permanent magnet motor stator unit and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit are stacked and fixed along the axial direction, the rotor unit includes: an ironless permanent magnet motor rotor unit and a non-permanent magnet induction motor unit, the ironless permanent magnet motor rotor unit and the non-permanent magnet induction motor unit are stacked and fixed on the rotating shaft along the axial direction, the rotor unit is arranged horizontally or longitudinally, and the rotor unit is wrapped by the stator unit.

4. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The main control computer will instruct the motor units to work and sleep in turn according to the status of each motor unit and the operating temperature data.

5. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The main control computer divides the output power of the multi-layer motor into L levels from low to high, and the main control computer controls the L motor drivers according to the output power levels so that the multi-layer motor outputs power in a most efficient manner.

6. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that When the motor unit of the motor driver is set to sleep mode, the back electromotive force generated by the motor unit will be grounded to the battery through the freewheeling diode in the insulated gate bipolar transistor or metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor in the driver, so that the rotor in the sleep motor unit is not affected by the force of the stator back electromotive force, thereby slowing down the overall speed of the motor.

7. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The control system further comprises a main power management computer, the main power management computer is connected to a main battery pack, the main battery pack is connected to a battery column, the battery column comprises a plurality of slave battery packs, and each slave battery pack is connected to a motor unit.

8. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The slave battery pack is connected to a common fast charging unit, which is connected to the master battery pack. When the power of the slave battery pack is insufficient, it is charged through the common fast charging unit.

9. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The main battery pack is also connected to a high-power fast charging unit, and the high-power fast charging unit and the ordinary fast charging unit operate independently without interfering with each other.

10. A control system for a multi-layer motor as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The main power management computer controls the slave battery packs to replenish power in a sequence according to the remaining power of the slave battery packs.

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