A wind turbine blade heating system and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a wind turbine blade heating system and method, comprising a series of operating waste heat absorption equipment and a series of hot air flow transport equipment, wherein the series of operating waste heat absorption equipment is arranged in a cabin, and the series of operating waste heat absorption equipment is provided with a cold air inlet and a hot air outlet, and the hot air outlet is connected to the hot air inlet of the series of hot air flow transport equipment; the series of hot air flow transport equipment is provided with a hot air outlet, and the hot air outlet is connected to the blade root hole opened at the root of the blade; the present invention eliminates the problem that the existing wind turbine blade heating equipment needs to separately set up an electric heating unit, thereby saving a large amount of electric heating electricity. At present, the on-grid electricity price of wind power generation is relatively high. The use of this method effectively solves the problem of electric energy waste caused by related equipment, saving a large amount of operating costs for power generation companies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and in particular relates to a wind generator blade heating system and method. Background Art

[0002] Wind power generation is a means of generating electricity by utilizing the energy of wind in the earth's environment and converting it into electrical energy through wind turbines. The power generation process is clean and pollution-free, and it is a completely renewable energy form. At the same time, the world is rich in wind resources. In the context of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, wind power is the key to adjusting the energy structure. In recent years, countries around the world have made great progress in the field of wind power. my country has made great achievements in equipment manufacturing, technology research and development, and installed capacity and grid connection. The installed capacity of wind power has continued to expand, the power generation has continued to increase, and the overall energy share has been effectively improved.

[0003] With the continuous deepening of the layout of the wind power industry, the number of wind turbines deployed in high humidity and cold areas has begun to increase. In such areas, if there are abnormal weather such as low temperature and freezing rain, sleet, etc., the blades of the wind turbines are prone to ice. The operation of the blades in an iced state will seriously interfere with the load and aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine, endangering the operation safety of the wind turbine unit, greatly reducing the power generation and operation economy of the wind turbine, and even causing major production safety accidents such as wind turbine tower collapse and blade breakage. The problem of blade ice is generally solved by heating the blades to melt the ice, but the existing blade heating technology needs to introduce heat from the outside through electric heating and other methods, which consumes a lot of electric energy resources and reduces the operation efficiency and economy of the power station. At the same time, during the operation of the wind turbine, the gearbox, generator, and converter in the cabin will generate a lot of heat due to the problem of incomplete energy conversion. This heat needs to be discharged to the environment through a dedicated cooling system. The cooling system consumes a lot of energy, and this part of the heat is not fully utilized. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine blade heating system and method, which solves the defects of high cost and low power station efficiency in the existing wind power generation system in which the means used to solve the blade icing phenomenon exist.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A wind turbine blade heating system provided by the present invention comprises an operating waste heat absorption series device and a hot air flow transport series device, wherein the operating waste heat absorption series device is arranged in a cabin, and the operating waste heat absorption series device is provided with a cold air inlet and a hot air outlet, and the hot air outlet is connected to the hot air inlet of the hot air flow transport series device; the hot air flow transport series device is provided with a hot air outlet, and the hot air outlet is connected to the blade root hole opened at the root of the blade.

[0007] Preferably, the operating waste heat absorption series equipment includes a heat exchange system, a heat source and a diverter plate, wherein the cold end inlet of the heat exchange system is connected to the air outlet of the fan; the cold end outlet of the heat exchange system is connected to the cold end inlet of the heat source; the hot end inlet of the heat exchange system is connected to the hot end outlet of the heat source; the hot end outlet of the heat exchange system is connected to the inlet of the diverter plate; and the outlet of the diverter plate is connected to the hot air flow transport series equipment.

[0008] Preferably, the diverter plate is an annular columnar member, which is installed at the opening of the cabin close to the side of the air deflector; a closed annular cavity structure is provided on the diverter plate; an inlet is provided on the end surface of one end of the diverter plate; an outlet with the same number as the fan blades is provided on the other end surface of the diverter plate; the inlet and the outlet are both connected to the closed annular cavity structure.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of outlets are arranged along the circumferential direction of the diverter plate.

[0010] Preferably, at least one inlet is provided, and each inlet is connected to a fourth pipe; the free end of the fourth pipe is connected to the hot end outlet of the heat exchange system.

[0011] Preferably, the hot air flow transport series equipment includes an air collecting plate which is an annular columnar structure and is installed at the opening of the guide cover close to the cabin side; an annular groove is provided on the end face of one end of the air collecting plate; an air collecting plate outlet is provided on the other end face of the air collecting plate with the same number of fan blades; the air collecting plate outlet is connected with the annular groove; the annular groove is connected with the outlet on the running waste heat absorption series equipment; each air collecting plate outlet is connected to the blade root hole on a pair of blades.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the annular groove is greater than the diameter of the outlet port on the operating waste heat absorption series device.

[0013] Preferably, the air collecting plate is connected to the diverter plate in the waste heat absorption series equipment, and a gap is provided between the two; a sealing ring is provided in the gap.

[0014] Preferably, the hub of the wind turbine generator set is provided with side holes equal to the number of blades; a fifth pipe is installed in the side hole, one end of the fifth pipe is connected to the outlet of the hot air flow transport series equipment; the other end of the fifth pipe is connected to the blade root hole opened at the root of the blade.

[0015] A method for heating a blade of a wind turbine generator, based on the above-mentioned system for heating a blade of a wind turbine generator, comprises the following steps:

[0016] After the cold air entering the cabin is pressurized, it enters the operating waste heat absorption series equipment for heating to form hot air, and the hot air is output to the hot air flow transport series equipment;

[0017] The hot air enters the guide cover through a series of hot air flow transport equipment, and then enters the blade root hole opened at the root of the blade, thereby heating the blade.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention provides a wind turbine blade heating system and method, which absorbs waste heat generated by incomplete energy conversion processes such as mechanical energy-mechanical energy, mechanical energy-electrical energy, and electric energy-electrical energy in the cabin, and transmits the heat to each blade of the wind turbine in the form of hot air, thereby eliminating the problem that the existing wind turbine blade heating equipment needs to be equipped with a separate electric heating unit, saving a large amount of electric heating energy. At present, the on-grid electricity price of wind power generation is relatively high. The use of this method effectively solves the problem of electric energy waste caused by related equipment, saving a large amount of operating costs for power generation companies;

[0020] At the same time, with the continuous increase in the installed capacity of wind turbines, the waste heat generated by the incomplete energy conversion processes such as mechanical energy-mechanical energy, mechanical energy-electrical energy, and electric energy-electrical energy in the wind turbine cabin is increasing. The cabin needs to be equipped with large-scale cooling equipment to cool the related equipment. The wind turbine blade heating system described in the present invention can effectively remove the waste heat inside the cabin, significantly reduce the cooling demand of the equipment in the cabin, reduce the power consumption of the related cooling equipment, and save energy.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention can be directly applied to most of the existing large-scale wind turbines without making too many changes to the existing equipment in the nacelle and the hub. The purpose of the transformation can be achieved by simply adding corresponding diverter plates, wind collecting plates, pipelines and other related equipment. It will not cause excessive load changes to the wind turbine as a whole, and has broad application prospects.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention realizes the pneumatic and thermal transmission from the stationary equipment to the rotating equipment by setting the diverter plate and the wind collecting plate, which has reference significance for related projects and equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a system involved in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a nacelle-side view of the splitter plate;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a side view of the guide cover of the splitter plate;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a side view of the cabin with the wind collecting disc;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a side view of the air deflector of the air collecting disk;

[0028] Among them, 101, cabin 102, fan 103, first pipeline 104, heat exchange system 105, heat source 106, third pipeline 107, second pipeline 108, third pipeline 109, diverter plate 110, sealing ring 201, guide cover 202, air collecting plate 203, hub 204, blade 205, blade root 206, fifth pipeline 1091, inlet 1092, outlet 2021, annular groove 2022, air collecting plate outlet 2031, side hole 2032, blade hole 2051, blade root hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present invention provides a wind turbine blade heating system, comprising a series of operating waste heat absorption equipment arranged in a static cabin, and a series of hot air flow transport equipment arranged in a moving fairing; the series of operating waste heat absorption equipment is in a static state relative to the ground when working; the series of hot air flow transport equipment performs a circular rotation motion as a whole along the inner cavity of the moving fairing due to the need for the wind turbine to absorb wind energy when working.

[0031] The operating waste heat absorption series equipment includes a heat exchange system 104, a heat source 105 and a diverter plate 109, wherein the cold end inlet of the heat exchange system 104 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 102 through a first pipe 103; the cold end outlet of the heat exchange system 104 is connected to the cold end inlet of the heat source 105 through a second pipe 107; the hot end inlet of the heat exchange system 104 is connected to the hot end outlet of the heat source 105 through a third pipe 106; and the hot end outlet of the heat exchange system 104 is connected to the inlet of the diverter plate 109 through at least one fourth pipe 108.

[0032] The diverter plate 109 is an annular columnar member installed at the opening of the cabin near the side of the deflector 201; the outer wall of the diverter plate 109 is connected to the inner wall of the cabin opening; it is fixed on the wall of the cabin and passes through the cabin wall as a whole.

[0033] The diverter plate 109 is provided with a closed annular cavity structure; at least one inlet 1091 is opened on one end surface of the diverter plate 109, and the inlet 1091 is used to achieve communication between the fourth pipeline 108 and the annular cavity structure of the diverter plate 109.

[0034] The number of the inlet ports 1091 is consistent with the number of the fourth pipelines.

[0035] The other end surface of the diverter disc 109 is provided with outlets 1092 having the same number as the fan blades, and the outlets 1092 are communicated with the annular cavity structure of the diverter disc 109; the outlets 1092 are arranged along the circumferential direction.

[0036] The hot air flow transport series equipment includes an air collecting plate 202, and the air collecting plate 202 is installed at the opening of the air guide cover close to the cabin side.

[0037] A gap is provided between the air collecting plate 202 and the diverter plate 109 , and a sealing ring 110 for sealing the rotating parts is provided between the two to achieve sealing between the two and prevent hot air from overflowing from the gap.

[0038] The air collecting plate 202 is an annular columnar member, the outer wall of the air collecting plate 202 is connected to the inner wall of the opening of the air duct cover, fixed on the wall surface of the air duct cover 201, and passes through the wall surface of the air duct cover as a whole.

[0039] An annular groove 2021 is provided on one end surface of the air collecting plate 202 ; an air collecting plate outlet 2022 having the same number as the fan blades is provided on the other end surface of the air collecting plate 202 ; the air collecting plate outlet 2022 is connected to the annular groove 2021 .

[0040] The annular groove 2021 is connected to the outlet 1092 on the diverter plate 109, and the width of the annular groove is greater than the diameter of the outlet 1092, so as to avoid excessive pressure drop when hot air flows through.

[0041] Each air collecting plate outlet 2022 is connected to a fifth pipe 206 , and a free end of each fifth pipe 206 is connected to a blade.

[0042] The deflector 201 is mounted on the hub 203 of the wind turbine. The hub 203 is connected and fixed to the generator in the nacelle through the main shaft. The hub is a hollow, thick-walled, high-strength component.

[0043] The side wall of the hub 203 is provided with side holes 2031 and blade holes 2032 having the same number as the blades, wherein each side hole 2031 is provided on a side close to the outlet 2022 of each air collecting disk; and each blade hole 2032 is provided on a side close to the root of the blade.

[0044] The blade 204 is installed on the blade hole 2032; a blade root plate 205 is installed at the blade root to prevent relevant personnel from falling when entering the wheel hub.

[0045] The blade root plate 205 is provided with a blade root hole 2051 .

[0046] Each side hole 2031 is in communication with a fifth duct 206 , and the fifth duct 206 is connected to the blade root hole 2051 .

[0047] The fifth pipe 206 is made of hard material and is not easy to deform or swing. It is fixed at the air collecting plate outlet 2022, the side hole 2031 and the blade root hole 2051 to avoid excessive swinging. At the same time, its arrangement does not affect the movement and operation of other related components in the hub.

[0048] The blade root hole 2051 can be integrated with the blade manhole door used for daily production blade inspection. In this case, the connection between the fifth pipe 206 and the blade root plate 205 should be movable and can be removed during inspection. During operation, the two should be reconnected intact.

[0049] The diverter plate 109, the air collecting plate 202, the hub and the air guide cover are coaxially arranged.

[0050] Heat sources include gearboxes, generators and galvanometers.

[0051] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0052] When the wind flowing through the wind turbine reaches a certain wind speed, the wind flows through the fan blades 204 to generate lift, driving the wind turbine related equipment to start generating electricity. Due to the incomplete energy conversion process of mechanical energy-mechanical energy, mechanical energy-electrical energy, and electric energy-electrical energy in the nacelle 101, the heat source 105 starts to generate heat. The fan 102 operates to extract cold air from the external environment, and after pressurization, it is transported to the heat exchange system 104 through the first pipeline 103.

[0053] The heat exchange system 104 heats the cold air into hot air by absorbing the operating heat of the heat source 105 through the heat exchange medium. After the low-temperature heat exchange medium is input to the heat source 105 from the third pipe 107, it is heated to a high-temperature heat exchange medium and flows back to the heat exchange system through the second pipe 106 to exchange heat with the cold air, completing a heat exchange cycle; the hot air heated by the heat exchange system 104 is input to the diverter plate 109 from the inlet 1091 through the fourth pipe 108.

[0054] Hot air enters the cavity of the diverter plate 109 and is diverted out from the outlet 1092. At this time, the diverter plate 109 is stationary relative to the ground, and the air collecting plate 202 is rotating under the action of the airflow, but there is a gap between the two to ensure the rotation of the air collecting plate 202. At the same time, a sealing ring 110 is arranged between the two to ensure the sealing of the air path.

[0055] The hot air then flows into the air collecting plate 202 through the annular hole 2021 of the air collecting plate, and then flows out from the outlet 2022 of each air collecting plate to the pipe 5 206, and finally the hot air is transported into the blade through the hole 2051 at the root of the blade to heat the blade.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade heating system, characterized in that: It comprises a series of operating waste heat absorption equipment and a series of hot air flow transport equipment, wherein the series of operating waste heat absorption equipment is arranged in the cabin, the series of operating waste heat absorption equipment is provided with a cold air inlet and a hot air outlet, the hot air outlet is connected to the hot air inlet of the series of hot air flow transport equipment; the series of hot air flow transport equipment is provided with a hot air outlet, the hot air outlet is connected to the blade root hole opened at the root of the blade; The operating waste heat absorption series equipment comprises a heat exchange system (104), a heat source (105) and a diverter disk (109), wherein the cold end inlet of the heat exchange system (104) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (102); the cold end outlet of the heat exchange system (104) is connected to the cold end inlet of the heat source (105); the hot end inlet of the heat exchange system (104) is connected to the hot end outlet of the heat source (105); the hot end outlet of the heat exchange system (104) is connected to the inlet of the diverter disk (109); and the outlet of the diverter disk (109) is connected to the hot air flow transport series equipment; The hot air flow transport series equipment comprises an air collecting plate (202) which is an annular columnar structure and is installed at an opening of a fairing close to a side of a cabin; an annular groove (2021) is provided on one end surface of the air collecting plate (202); an air collecting plate outlet (2022) which is the same number as the fan blades is provided on the other end surface of the air collecting plate (202); the air collecting plate outlet (2022) is communicated with the annular groove (2021); the annular groove (2021) is communicated with the outlet on the running waste heat absorption series equipment; each air collecting plate outlet (2022) is connected to a blade root hole on a blade.

2. A wind turbine blade heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter plate (109) is an annular columnar member, which is installed at an opening on one side of the cabin close to the air deflector (201); a closed annular cavity structure is provided on the diverter plate (109); an inlet (1091) is provided on an end surface of one end of the diverter plate (109); an outlet (1092) having the same number as the fan blades is provided on the other end surface of the diverter plate (109); the inlet (1091) and the outlet (1092) are both connected to the closed annular cavity structure.

3. A wind turbine blade heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of outlets (1092) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the diverter plate (109).

4. A wind turbine blade heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inlet (1091) is provided with at least one inlet, and each inlet (1091) is connected to a fourth pipe; the free end of the fourth pipe is connected to the hot end outlet of the heat exchange system (104).

5. A wind turbine blade heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the annular groove (2021) is greater than the diameter of the outlet port on the operating waste heat absorption series equipment.

6. A wind turbine blade heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air collecting plate (202) is connected to the diverter plate (109) in the running waste heat absorption series equipment, and a gap is provided between the two; a sealing ring (110) is provided in the gap.

7. A wind turbine blade heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hub of the wind turbine generator set is provided with side holes (2301) equal in number to the number of blades; a fifth pipe (206) is installed in the side hole (2301); one end of the fifth pipe (206) is connected to the outlet of a series of hot air flow transport equipment; the other end of the fifth pipe (206) is connected to a blade root hole (2051) opened at the root of the blade.

8. A method for heating a blade of a wind turbine, characterized in that: A wind turbine blade heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: After the cold air entering the cabin is pressurized, it enters the operating waste heat absorption series equipment for heating to form hot air, and the hot air is output to the hot air flow transport series equipment; The hot air enters the guide cover through a series of hot air flow transport equipment, and then enters the blade root hole opened at the root of the blade, thereby heating the blade.

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