Multi-valued random number generator based on thermal noise of resistor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise, belonging to the field of cryptography and random number technology, comprising four modules of multi-value true random number generation, judgment, data processing and decoder; wherein the random number generation module comprises a PMOS tube, a first and a second resistor; the judgment module comprises a first and a second comparator, a first D and a second D trigger; the data processing module comprises an XOR gate, a first and a second switch; and the decoder module comprises a 3-to-1 unit. The first and the second resistors transmit the noise signal to the first and the second comparators, the first and the second comparators transmit the result to the first and the second D triggers, the first and the second D triggers transmit the result to the XOR gate and the first and the second switches, the XOR gate transmits the result to the first and the second switches, and the first and the second switches transmit the output to the 3-to-1 unit to select three voltages. The generator adopts a natural entropy source, can effectively generate multi-value true random numbers, and is more suitable for complex password generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise, which is a true random number generator that can be used in the market. The design adopts SMIC 0.18um CMOS process and belongs to the technical field of cryptography and random number generation. Background Art

[0002] In the era of big data, the high degree of informatization of the market has made cryptography more and more important in real life. In order to design a secure and encrypted application system, the generation of random numbers and the types of random number generators have become a key point in the field of cryptography. At present, there are many types of true random number generators in the market, most of which are true random number generators based on chaos and oscillator sampling. This type of generator has high requirements for process matching and is difficult to achieve. Therefore, in order to pursue higher market demand, the present invention is committed to designing a multi-value true random number generator that can identify resistor thermal noise. In my country, there is still little research content on this type of multi-value true random number generator, and the knowledge reserve is insufficient. The method adopted in this design can make up for the problem of insufficient knowledge reserve of multi-value true random number generators based on thermal resistor noise in China.

[0003] At the same time, in the field of cryptography, there are many studies on binary random number generators, and good results have been achieved, but there are few studies on multi-valued random number generators. Using the uniqueness of thermal resistor noise to generate random numbers can better realize multi-valued random numbers, thereby achieving the ultimate goal of designing a multi-valued random number generator.

[0004] The multi-value true random number generator used in this design is to use the thermal noise generated when the resistor is working on the basis of a specific process, identify this noise through a specific circuit structure, and finally obtain the required multi-value true random number. The result is processed after the random number to obtain a multi-value result, which is actually applied to certain specific fields. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems that the existing true random number generation is all generated by artificial entropy sources and the existing true random number generation circuits have low precision and high power consumption. A multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise is proposed to identify the resistor thermal noise in the natural noise source. Specifically, through a digital module, NMOS tubes and PMOS tubes are matched to meet the index requirements for the output of the true random number generator.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.

[0007] The multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistance noise comprises a multi-value true random number generation module, a judgment module, a data processing module and a decoder module;

[0008] Among them, the multi-value true random number generation module includes a first PMOS tube, a second PMOS tube, a first resistor and a second resistor; the decision module includes a first comparator, a second comparator, a first D flip-flop and a second D flip-flop; the data processing module includes an XOR gate, a first switch and a second switch; the decoder module includes a 3-to-1 output unit; the XOR gate includes an A terminal, a B terminal and an output terminal; the first switch and the second switch both include an input terminal, a control terminal and an output terminal; the 3-to-1 output unit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a third input terminal, a first control bit, a second control bit and an output terminal;

[0009] The connection relationship between the modules in the multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise is as follows:

[0010] The random number generation module is connected to the judgment module, the judgment module is connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is connected to the decoder module, specifically: the first PMOS tube is connected to the first resistor, and the second PMOS tube is connected to the second resistor; the first resistor is connected to the positive end of the first comparator and the negative end of the second comparator, the second resistor is connected to the negative end of the first comparator and the positive end of the second comparator, the output end of the first comparator is connected to the input end of the first D trigger, the output end of the second comparator is connected to the input end of the second D trigger, and the output end of the first D trigger is connected to the A end of the XOR gate. The output end of the 2nd D flip-flop is connected to the B end of the XOR gate, the output end of the XOR gate is connected to the control end of the 1st switch, the output end of the XOR gate is connected to the control end of the 2nd switch, the output end of the 1st D flip-flop is connected to the input end of the 1st switch, the output end of the 2nd D flip-flop is connected to the input end of the 2nd switch, the output end of the 1st switch is connected to the 1st control bit of the 3-to-1 output unit, the output end of the 2nd switch is connected to the 2nd control bit of the 3-to-1 output unit, the 3 input ends of the 3-to-1 output unit are connected to three different voltages, and the output end of the 3-to-1 output unit is the output end of the random number generator.

[0011] The signal flow relationship of each module in the multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise is as follows:

[0012] The first resistor in the random number generation module transmits the resistor thermal noise signal to the positive end of the first comparator and the negative end of the second comparator in the decision module, the second resistor transmits the resistor thermal noise signal to the negative end of the first comparator and the positive end of the second comparator in the decision module, the first comparator transmits the comparison result output by the first comparator to the first D trigger for sampling, and outputs the sampling result of the first D trigger; the second comparator transmits the comparison result output by the second comparator to the second D trigger to output the sampling result of the second D trigger, and the sampling result of the first D trigger is transmitted to the A end of the XOR gate in the data processing module and the input end of the first switch, the sampling result of the second D trigger is transmitted to the B end of the XOR gate in the data processing module and the input end of the second switch, the output end of the XOR gate transmits the XOR result of the A end and the B end to the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch, the output end of the first switch transmits the output signal of the first switch to the first control bit of the 3-in-1 output unit in the decoder module, the output end of the second switch transmits the output signal of the second switch to the second control bit of the 3-in-1 output unit in the decoder module, and the three input ends with different voltages transmit the voltage signal to the three input ends of the 3-in-1 output unit.

[0013] The working process of the multi-value true random number generator comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, each module in the multi-value true random number generator is powered on, and the random number generation module starts working;

[0015] Step 2, the resistor thermal noise generated by the first resistor and the second resistor is respectively passed through the first comparator and the second comparator to obtain 1-bit voltage output data;

[0016] Step 3: The 2-bit voltage output data outputted in step 2 is sampled according to the sampling frequency of the first D flip-flop and the second D flip-flop to obtain 2-bit valid data;

[0017] Step 4, determine the output voltage of the 3-choose-1 output unit through the 2-bit valid data, that is, obtain the output result of the multi-value random number generator.

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] Compared with other existing true random number generator design methods, the multi-value true random number generator based on resistor thermal noise of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The random number generation module of the true random number generator adopts a dual-path resistor design, which can better meet the requirements and achieve multi-value output results while improving the judgment accuracy of the random number generator compared with a single-path resistor design;

[0021] 2. The entropy source used by the multi-value true random number generator comes from the thermal noise of the resistor, which is a natural entropy source.

[0022] 3. The multi-value true random number generator has a multi-value output and is suitable for the complex field of cryptography;

[0023] 4. The multi-value true random number generator has a simple circuit structure and low actual production cost;

[0024] 5. The multi-value true random number generator has low power consumption and is more in line with low power consumption requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The circuit structure of the multi-value random number generator based on resistor thermal noise of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a multi-valued true random number generator comparator structure;

[0027] Figure 3 is the resistor thermal noise voltage distribution diagram;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the random number result output by the multi-value true random number generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the multi-valued true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment describes in detail the input and output conditions of a multi-valued true random number generator based on resistor thermal noise when it is implemented under normal working conditions.

[0032] The random numbers of the multi-valued true random number generator based on resistor thermal noise are mainly generated by the thermal agitation of electrons in the resistor. Due to thermal agitation, each vibrating electron in the resistor will form a very small current. By algebraically accumulating these currents, a net current and the resulting net voltage are formed. Although the net voltage has a mean of zero, the net voltage will continue to fluctuate because the instantaneous amplitude and direction of the current are randomly distributed. Even if the resistor is left stationary, these fluctuations will still occur. Therefore, it can be assumed that each node voltage and each branch current in the circuit are constantly fluctuating around their expected values.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, a 1.8V power supply is connected to the source of the first PMOS and the source of the second PMOS, the gate of the first PMOS is connected to the gate of the second PMOS, and a bias voltage VBIAS of 1.2V is connected. The drain of the first PMOS is connected to one end of the first resistor with a resistance of 1M, and the other end of the first resistor is grounded. The drain of the second PMOS is connected to a section of the second resistor with a resistance of 1M, and the other end of the second resistor is grounded. The circuit is turned on to make the first resistor and the second resistor in the random number generation module work normally in the circuit, and the thermal noise data is transmitted to the judgment module through the circuit. At this time, the noise results of the first resistor and the second resistor are generally opposite, but there are also a certain number of results of abnormal normal working mode. The design of the first resistor and the second resistor is used to replace the single-channel resistor, and the random number voltage data of two channels is obtained from the first resistor and the second resistor, so that a multi-value output result can be obtained, and the accuracy of the random number generator is improved.

[0034] The voltage distribution diagram of the resistor thermal noise is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The entropy source used by the random number generator is resistor thermal noise, which is natural noise. Due to the white noise characteristics of the resistor thermal noise spectrum, it will not be affected by the data rate, ensuring the generation rate of true random numbers and being able to enter the working state better and faster.

[0035] The decision module makes a decision on the two received thermal noises. The decision module mainly consists of two identical voltage comparators and a D flip-flop. The circuit structure of the voltage comparator is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the comparator includes 3 PMOS tubes and 4 NMOS tubes, and the input terminal VIN corresponds to Figure 1 The VIN+ of the first and second comparators corresponds to the VT of the input terminal Figure 1 VIN- of the 1st and 2nd comparators. The positive and negative input terminals of the two voltage comparators are connected in opposite ways: the 1st resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the 1st comparator and the negative terminal of the 2nd comparator, while the 2nd resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the 1st comparator and the positive terminal of the 2nd comparator. There are two types of judgment results of the D flip-flop: the first type is the judgment result in normal working state, which can output two results, namely 0 / 1 and 1 / 0; the second type is the judgment result in abnormal working state, and the result is misjudged as 0 / 0 or 1 / 1, indicating that the difference between the two thermal noises is too small, which is less than the accuracy of the comparator, and the correct output result cannot be determined. The output results of the 1st D flip-flop and the 2nd D flip-flop are transmitted to the data processing module respectively, and the output results are unified into 0 / 1, 1 / 0, 1 / 1, and the output is a third-order voltage after passing through the decoder module. Figure 4As shown, the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is output voltage, wherein 0 / 1 corresponds to 0.4v, 1 / 0 corresponds to 0.8v, and 1 / 1 corresponds to 1.2v. The output of the random number generator is a multi-value output, which increases the uncertainty of the random number and enables the random number sequence to be applied to more complex cryptography fields.

[0036] Depend on Figure 1 As shown, the structure of all modules in the random number generator is simple, fewer devices are used, and the cost is saved, so that the actual production cost is low and it is more suitable for mass production.

[0037] The random number generator adopts a 0.18um process and can work under a power supply voltage of 1.8V. The data processing module and the decoder module adopt digital modules to work, which reduces power consumption and is more in line with the low power consumption standard of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0038] In summary, the circuit structure designed in the present invention generates a multi-valued true random number generator based on resistor thermal noise under the premise of meeting the requirements of the true random number generator in the international standard. This true random number generator adopts a natural entropy source to achieve multi-valued random number output, has better performance, and is more in line with the current requirements for true random numbers in various places.

[0039] The specific descriptions or embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise, characterized in that: It includes a multi-value true random number generation module, a judgment module, a data processing module and a decoder module; Among them, the multi-value true random number generation module includes a first PMOS tube, a second PMOS tube, a first resistor and a second resistor; the decision module includes a first comparator, a second comparator, a first D flip-flop and a second D flip-flop; the data processing module includes an XOR gate, a first switch and a second switch; the decoder module includes a 3-to-1 output unit; the XOR gate includes an A terminal, a B terminal and an output terminal; the first switch and the second switch both include an input terminal, a control terminal and an output terminal; the 3-to-1 output unit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a third input terminal, a first control bit, a second control bit and an output terminal; The connection relationship between the modules in the multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistor noise is as follows: The random number generation module is connected to the judgment module, the judgment module is connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module is connected to the decoder module, specifically: the gate of the first PMOS tube is connected to the gate of the second PMOS tube, the drain of the first PMOS tube is connected to the first resistor, and the drain of the second PMOS tube is connected to the second resistor; the first resistor is connected to the positive end of the first comparator and the negative end of the second comparator, the second resistor is connected to the negative end of the first comparator and the positive end of the second comparator, the output end of the first comparator is connected to the input end of the first D trigger, the output end of the second comparator is connected to the input end of the second D trigger, and the output end of the first D trigger is connected to the input end of the second D trigger. The output end of the trigger is connected to the A end of the XOR gate, the output end of the second D trigger is connected to the B end of the XOR gate, the output end of the XOR gate is connected to the control end of the first switch, the output end of the XOR gate is connected to the control end of the second switch, the output end of the first D trigger is connected to the input end of the first switch, the output end of the second D trigger is connected to the input end of the second switch, the output end of the first switch is connected to the first control bit of the 3-to-1 output unit, the output end of the second switch is connected to the second control bit of the 3-to-1 output unit, the three input ends of the 3-to-1 output unit are connected to three different voltages, and the output end of the 3-to-1 output unit is the output end of the random number generator.

2. The multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistance noise according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first resistor in the random number generation module transmits the resistor thermal noise signal to the positive end of the first comparator and the negative end of the second comparator in the decision module, and the second resistor transmits the resistor thermal noise signal to the negative end of the first comparator and the positive end of the second comparator in the decision module.

3. The multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistance noise according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first comparator transmits the comparison result output by the first comparator to the first D flip-flop for sampling, and outputs the sampling result of the first D flip-flop; the second comparator transmits the comparison result output by the second comparator to the second D flip-flop, and outputs the sampling result of the second D flip-flop.

4. The multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistance noise according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sampling result of the first D trigger is transmitted to the A end of the XOR gate in the data processing module and the input end of the first switch, and the sampling result of the second D trigger is transmitted to the B end of the XOR gate in the data processing module and the input end of the second switch. The output end of the XOR gate transmits the XOR result of the A end and the B end to the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch.

5. The multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistance noise according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the first switch transmits the output signal of the first switch to the first control bit of the 3-to-1 output unit in the decoder module, the output end of the second switch transmits the output signal of the second switch to the second control bit of the 3-to-1 output unit in the decoder module, and the three input ends with different voltages transmit voltage signals to the three input ends of the 3-to-1 output unit.

6. The multi-value true random number generator based on thermal resistance noise according to claim 5, characterized in that: The working process of the multi-value true random number generator comprises the following steps: Step 1, each module in the multi-value true random number generator is powered on, and the random number generation module starts working; Step 2, the resistor thermal noise generated by the first resistor and the second resistor is respectively passed through the first comparator and the second comparator to obtain 1-bit voltage output data; Step 3: The 2-bit voltage output data outputted in step 2 is sampled according to the sampling frequency of the first D flip-flop and the second D flip-flop to obtain 2-bit valid data; Step 4, determine the output voltage of the 3-choose-1 output unit through the 2-bit valid data, that is, obtain the output result of the multi-value random number generator.

Images