A new type of operating oil pipe structure for a water turbine runner

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydroturbine mechanical equipment, and provides a novel structure of an operating oil pipe for a hydroturbine runner, which includes a main shaft. The lower part of the main shaft is connected to a runner body. An oil chamber is formed between the main shaft and the runner body. A piston is arranged in the oil chamber. Above the piston is oil chamber one, and below the piston is oil chamber two. The piston is arranged on a piston shaft. An oil inlet plate is connected to the piston shaft. An operating oil pipe is arranged in the middle of the oil inlet plate. The lower end of the operating oil pipe is connected to the installation cavity of the piston shaft, and the installation cavity is communicated with an oil hole. A sealing device is arranged between the operating oil pipe and the installation cavity; a high-pressure oil pipe one is arranged outside the operating oil pipe, and the high-pressure oil pipe one is communicated with oil chamber two through a pipeline device. A high-pressure oil pipe two is arranged outside the high-pressure oil pipe one, and the high-pressure oil pipe two is communicated with oil chamber one through an oil outlet; the present invention solves problems such as poor sealing effect and oil leakage, makes the on-site operation of the power station more stable and reliable, reduces the vibration of the unit, and correspondingly reduces the maintenance cost of the unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydroturbine mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a novel structure of an operating oil pipe for a hydroturbine runner. Background Art

[0002] A hydroturbine is a power machine that converts the energy of water flow into rotational mechanical energy. It belongs to the turbomachinery in fluid machinery. Most modern hydroturbines are installed in hydropower stations to drive generators to generate electricity. In a hydropower station, the water in the upstream reservoir is led to the hydroturbine through a water inlet pipe, which drives the rotation of the hydroturbine runner, drives the generator to generate electricity, and the water that has done work is discharged downstream through the tailrace pipe. The higher the water head and the larger the flow rate, the greater the output power of the hydroturbine. Hydroturbines and auxiliary machines are important hydropower equipment and an essential part of the hydropower generation industry. They are important equipment for making full use of clean and renewable energy to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction and reduce environmental pollution. Their technological development is adapted to the development scale of the hydropower industry in China. Driven by the strong demand for electricity in China, the manufacturing industry of hydroturbines and auxiliary machines in China has entered a period of rapid development, with significant improvements in its economic scale and technical level. The hydroturbine manufacturing technology in China has reached the world advanced level.

[0003] At present, a relatively common structure of the runner of an axial-flow Kaplan turbine is the lower operating frame type direct connecting rod structure. In this structure, the servomotor of the runner is located between the upper side of the runner and the main shaft flange. The operating oil pipe is connected to the piston of the servomotor to form the opening and closing of the runner servomotor. There are two pressure chambers. For medium and large axial-flow Kaplan turbines, the inner pipe on the operating oil pipe is relatively long and belongs to a slender rod, which is not easy to process. The inner pipe extends deep into the piston shaft, and relatively deep slender holes have to be drilled on the piston shaft. In this way, it is difficult to guarantee the machining accuracy. If the machining accuracy is not good, the sealing effect between the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe and the piston shaft will be reduced. In addition, since the pressure oil in the closing chamber of the servomotor passes through the gap between the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe and the piston shaft and then enters the closing chamber of the servomotor through the transverse hole on the piston shaft, if the sealing effect between the piston shaft and the inner pipe is not good, the high-pressure oil in the closing chamber of the servomotor will mix with the low-pressure oil in the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe, which will affect the opening and closing of the runner blades, damage the coordination of the unit, and thus affect the stable operation of the unit and cause vibration.

[0004] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a novel operating oil pipe structure for a water turbine runner, which includes a main shaft. The lower part of the main shaft is connected to a runner body. An oil chamber is formed between the main shaft and the runner body. A piston is arranged in the oil chamber. Above the piston is oil chamber one, and below the piston is oil chamber two. The piston is arranged on a piston shaft. An oil inlet plate is connected to the piston shaft. An operating oil pipe is arranged in the middle of the oil inlet plate. The lower end of the operating oil pipe is connected to the installation cavity of the piston shaft. The installation cavity is communicated with an oil hole. A sealing device is arranged between the operating oil pipe and the installation cavity. A high-pressure oil pipe one is arranged outside the operating oil pipe. The high-pressure oil pipe one is communicated with oil chamber two through a pipeline device. A high-pressure oil pipe two is arranged outside the high-pressure oil pipe one. The high-pressure oil pipe two is communicated with oil chamber one through an oil outlet.

[0006] The diameter of the installation cavity is larger than that of the oil hole.

[0007] The pipeline device includes a horizontal channel communicated with the high-pressure oil pipe one. The horizontal channel is communicated with an oil outlet vertical pipe. The oil outlet vertical pipe is communicated with an oil outlet horizontal pipe. The oil outlet horizontal pipe is communicated with oil chamber two. The oil outlet vertical pipe and the oil outlet horizontal pipe are arranged on the piston shaft.

[0008] A high-pressure oil pipeline device is also arranged on the piston shaft.

[0009] The high-pressure oil pipeline device includes an oil inlet horizontal pipe. The oil inlet horizontal pipe is communicated with an oil inlet vertical pipe. The oil inlet vertical pipe is communicated with the horizontal channel.

[0010] The novel operating oil pipe structure for a water turbine runner of the present invention solves the problems that the operating oil pipe of the current Kaplan turbine unit is too long and not easy to process, and the sealing ring between the operating oil pipe and the piston shaft has poor sealing effect due to processing problems, resulting in oil leakage. A Kaplan turbine unit operating oil pipe structure that is convenient to improve processing accuracy, easy to install and maintain, and reliable in operation is proposed. Through the cooperation form of the installation cavity and the operating oil pipe, the length of the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe and the depth of the mating hole on the piston shaft are reduced, which can avoid the influence on processing accuracy caused by the unstable processing of the slender rod during the processing process. There is no need to finish-machine the slender hole on the piston shaft, and there is no need to require too high for the processing tool, which affects the processing accuracy. In addition, a high-pressure oil pipeline device is arranged on the piston shaft of the present invention. The high-pressure oil pipeline device shares the pressure of the high-pressure oil pipe one entering oil chamber two, that is, increases the oil passing holes of the pressure oil entering the servo cylinder closing chamber, reduces the amount of pressure oil entering the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe, reduces the accumulated amount of pressure oil in the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe, and reduces the pressure difference at the sealing ring.

[0011] The present invention fundamentally solves the problems that the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe of the Kaplan turbine unit is too long and difficult to process, and the sealing ring between the inner pipe and the piston shaft has poor sealing effect due to processing problems, resulting in oil leakage. The power station operates more stably and reliably, the vibration of the unit is reduced, and the maintenance cost of the unit is also correspondingly reduced. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0013] 1. Main shaft; 2. Runner body; 3. Bolt; 4. Piston; 5. First oil chamber; 6. Second oil chamber; 7. Piston shaft; 8. Oil inlet plate; 9. Operating oil pipe; 10. Installation cavity; 11. Oil hole; 12. Sealing device; 13. First high-pressure oil pipe; 14. Second high-pressure oil pipe; 15. Oil outlet; 16. Horizontal channel; 17. Oil outlet vertical pipe; 18. Oil outlet horizontal pipe; 19. Oil inlet horizontal pipe; 20. Oil inlet vertical pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0014] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] It should be noted that the installation methods and technical terms mentioned in the present invention are all well-known technical terms in the technical field, so no further explanation will be made. In addition, the same reference numerals are used for the same components, but this does not affect and should not constitute an accurate understanding of the technical solution by those skilled in the art.

[0016] Embodiment 1:

[0017] The present invention provides a novel structure of an operating oil pipe for a water turbine runner, which includes a main shaft 1. The lower part of the main shaft 1 is connected to a runner body 2, and the main shaft 1 and the runner body 2 are connected by bolts 3. An oil chamber is formed between the main shaft 1 and the runner body 2. A piston 4 is arranged in the oil chamber. Above the piston 4 is an oil chamber 5, which is the opening chamber for the blades. Below the piston 4 is an oil chamber 6, which is the closing chamber for the blades. The piston 4 is arranged on a piston shaft 7. An oil inlet plate 8 is connected to the piston shaft 7, and the piston shaft 7 and the oil inlet plate 8 are connected by structures such as screws and bolts. An operating oil pipe 9 is arranged in the middle of the oil inlet plate 8. The lower end of the operating oil pipe 9 is connected to an installation cavity 10 of the piston shaft 7. The installation cavity 10 is communicated with an oil hole 11 for transmitting low-pressure oil. A sealing device 12 is arranged between the operating oil pipe 9 and the installation cavity 10, and the sealing device 12 uses a sealing ring. Since the installation cavity 10 cooperates with the operating oil pipe 9, only the installation cavity 10 needs to be finely processed, and the oil hole 11 does not need to be further finely processed. A high-pressure oil pipe 13 is arranged outside the operating oil pipe 9, and the high-pressure oil pipe 13 is used to supply high-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil pipe 13 is communicated with the oil chamber 6 through a pipeline device. High-pressure oil enters the oil chamber 6 through the high-pressure oil pipe 13 and the pipeline device, that is, into the closing cavity of the blades. The high-pressure oil pushes the piston 4 to move upward to control the closing of the blades. A high-pressure oil pipe 14 is arranged outside the high-pressure oil pipe 13. The high-pressure oil pipe 14 is communicated with the oil chamber 5 through an oil outlet 15. High-pressure oil enters the oil chamber 5 through the high-pressure oil pipe 14 and the oil outlet 15, that is, into the opening cavity of the blades. The high-pressure oil pushes the piston 4 to move downward to control the opening of the blades.

[0018] Specifically, the pipeline device includes a transverse channel 16 communicated with the high-pressure oil pipe 13. Preferably, the transverse channel 16 is perpendicular to the high-pressure oil pipe 13. The transverse channel 16 is communicated with an oil outlet vertical pipe 17. Preferably, the oil outlet vertical pipe 17 is perpendicular to the transverse channel 16. The oil outlet vertical pipe 17 is communicated with an oil outlet transverse pipe 18. Preferably, the oil outlet transverse pipe 18 is perpendicular to the oil outlet vertical pipe 17. The oil outlet transverse pipe 18 is communicated with the oil chamber 6. The oil outlet vertical pipe 17 and the oil outlet transverse pipe 18 are arranged on the piston shaft 7. High-pressure oil enters the oil chamber 6 through the high-pressure oil pipe 13, the transverse channel 16, the oil outlet vertical pipe 17, and the oil outlet transverse pipe 18, that is, into the closing cavity of the blades. The high-pressure oil pushes the piston 4 to move upward to control the closing of the blades.

[0019] As a preferred solution, in order to facilitate the installation of the operating oil pipe 9, the diameter of the installation cavity 10 is larger than the diameter of the oil hole 11.

[0020] In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the installation cavity 10 and the operating oil pipe 9, the length of the operating oil pipe 9 and the depth of the matching oil hole 11 on the piston shaft 7 are reduced. This can avoid the influence on the machining accuracy caused by the unstable machining of the slender rod during the machining process, and there is no need to finish-machine the slender hole on the piston shaft 7, thus avoiding the problem of affecting the machining accuracy due to excessive requirements for the machining tool; the machining difficulty is reduced and the work efficiency is improved.

[0021] Embodiment 2:

[0022] This embodiment further includes a high-pressure oil pipeline device. Specifically, a high-pressure oil pipeline device is also provided on the piston shaft 7.

[0023] More specifically, the high-pressure oil pipeline device includes an oil inlet horizontal pipe 19, the oil inlet horizontal pipe 19 is communicated with an oil inlet vertical pipe 20, and the oil inlet vertical pipe 20 is communicated with a transverse channel 16; preferably, the oil inlet horizontal pipe 19 is perpendicular to the oil inlet vertical pipe 20; the setting of the high-pressure oil pipeline device is equivalent to increasing the oil inlet channel of the high-pressure oil. The high-pressure oil can not only enter the oil chamber two 6 through the channel in Embodiment 1, but also enter the oil chamber two 6 through the oil inlet horizontal pipe 19, the oil inlet vertical pipe 20, the transverse channel 16, the oil outlet vertical pipe 17, and the oil outlet horizontal pipe 18; the oil inlet pressure of the high-pressure oil at the sealing device is dispersed; in this embodiment, by setting the high-pressure oil pipeline device, the oil passing holes for the pressure oil entering the closing cavity of the blade are increased, that is, the oil inlet chamber one 5 is increased, the amount of the pressure oil entering at the high-pressure oil pipe one 13 is reduced, the pressure difference at the sealing ring is reduced, and the phenomenon of oil leakage between the high-pressure oil and the low-pressure oil is prevented.

[0024] A novel structure of the operating oil pipe of a water turbine runner of the present invention solves the problems such as the over-long operating oil pipe of the axial flow Kaplan turbine unit being difficult to machine, and the sealing device 12 between the operating oil pipe 9 and the piston shaft 7 having poor sealing effect due to machining problems and resulting in oil leakage phenomenon. A structure of the operating oil pipe of the axial flow Kaplan turbine unit that is convenient for improving the machining accuracy, easy to install and maintain, and reliable in operation is proposed; through the cooperation of the installation cavity 10 and the operating oil pipe 9, the length of the operating oil pipe 9 and the depth of the matching hole on the piston shaft 7 are reduced. This can avoid the influence on the machining accuracy caused by the unstable machining of the slender rod during the machining process, and there is no need to finish-machine the slender hole on the piston shaft 7, thus avoiding the problem of affecting the machining accuracy due to excessive requirements for the machining tool; in addition, a high-pressure oil pipeline device is also provided on the piston shaft 7 of the present invention. The high-pressure oil pipeline device shares the pressure of the high-pressure oil pipe one 13 entering the oil chamber two 6, that is, increases the oil passing holes for the pressure oil entering the closing cavity of the servomotor, reduces the amount of the pressure oil entering the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe, reduces the accumulated amount of the pressure oil in the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe, reduces the pressure difference at the sealing ring, and prevents the phenomenon of oil leakage.

[0025] The present invention fundamentally solves the problems that the inner pipe of the operating oil pipe of the Kaplan turbine unit is too long and difficult to process, and the sealing ring between the inner pipe and the piston shaft has poor sealing effect due to processing problems, resulting in oil leakage. The power station operates more stably and reliably, the vibration of the unit is reduced, and the maintenance cost of the unit is also correspondingly reduced.

[0026] For those skilled in the art, the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claimed invention.

[0027] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any minor modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel structure of the operating oil pipe for a water turbine runner, comprising a main shaft (1), the lower part of the main shaft (1) is connected to a runner body (2), an oil chamber is formed between the main shaft (1) and the runner body (2), and a piston (4) is arranged in the oil chamber. It is characterized in that above the piston (4) is an oil chamber one (5), below the piston (4) is an oil chamber two (6), the piston (4) is arranged on a piston shaft (7), an oil inlet plate (8) is connected to the piston shaft (7), an operating oil pipe (9) is arranged in the middle of the oil inlet plate (8), the lower end of the operating oil pipe (9) is connected to an installation cavity (10) of the piston shaft (7), the installation cavity (10) is communicated with an oil hole (11), and a sealing device (12) is arranged between the operating oil pipe (9) and the installation cavity (10); outside the operating oil pipe (9) is a high-pressure oil pipe one (13), the high-pressure oil pipe one (13) is communicated with the oil chamber two (6) through a pipeline device, outside the high-pressure oil pipe one (13) is a high-pressure oil pipe two (14), and the high-pressure oil pipe two (14) is communicated with the oil chamber one (5) through an oil outlet (15); the diameter of the installation cavity (10) is larger than the diameter of the oil hole (11); the pipeline device includes a transverse channel (16) communicated with the high-pressure oil pipe one (13), the transverse channel (16) is communicated with an oil outlet vertical pipe (17), the oil outlet vertical pipe (17) is communicated with an oil outlet transverse pipe (18), and the oil outlet transverse pipe (18) is communicated with the oil chamber two (6); the oil outlet vertical pipe (17) and the oil outlet transverse pipe (18) are arranged on the piston shaft (7).

2. A novel structure of the operating oil pipe for a water turbine runner according to claim 1, It is characterized in that a high-pressure oil pipeline device is further arranged on the piston shaft (7).

3. A novel structure of the operating oil pipe for a water turbine runner according to claim 2, It is characterized in that the high-pressure oil pipeline device includes an oil inlet transverse pipe (19), the oil inlet transverse pipe (19) is communicated with an oil inlet vertical pipe (20), and the oil inlet vertical pipe (20) is communicated with the transverse channel (16).

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