A device for preventing hole collapse during rotary drilling and a rotary drilling method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for preventing hole collapse during rotary drilling, comprising: a drill pipe; a rotary drilling bit fixedly connected to the suspended end of the drill pipe; further comprising: a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the drill pipe behind the rotary drilling bit, the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft parallel to the central axis of the drill pipe, and the connecting rod rotates driven by the drill pipe; a pressing roller rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, and the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller and the central axis of the drill pipe is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit. To solve the problems that in the prior art, it is either restricted by soil conditions and prone to hole collapse and cannot be used, or has a high cost and is not environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of construction, and in particular to a rotary drilling hole-forming and hole-collapse prevention device and a rotary drilling method. Background Art

[0002] The existing rotary drilling machine is connected with a rotary drilling bit at the lower end of the drill rod. When the cast-in-place pile is bored in the actual project, the rotary drilling machine drives the rotary drilling bit to drill holes in the ground through the rotation of the drill rod. When the soil conditions at the drilling site are relatively soft, it is often encountered that the hole wall structure cannot support the hole after the rotary drilling bit drills to a certain depth, causing huge economic losses. The above method is limited by soil conditions. Another way is to use mud wall protection and sleeve wall protection methods, but these methods are often restricted by environmental conditions and cost factors and cannot be used. There is an urgent need for a drilling device and drilling method that is not limited by soil conditions, is environmentally friendly and has low cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary drilling hole collapse prevention device and a rotary drilling method.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a device for preventing hole collapse during rotary drilling, comprising:

[0005] Drill pipe;

[0006] A rotary drilling bit, wherein the rotary drilling bit is fixedly connected to a suspended end of the drill rod;

[0007] Also includes:

[0008] A connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the drill rod at the rear side of the rotary drilling bit, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is parallel to the center line of the drill rod, and the connecting rod rotates under the drive of the drill rod;

[0009] A clamping roller is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft, and the maximum distance between the side surface of the clamping roller and the center axis of the drill rod is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling drill bit.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting rods include more than two, the connecting rods are evenly distributed around the central axis of the drill rod, the number of clamping rollers is the same as the connecting rods, and a clamping roller is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft of each connecting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting rod is an elastic push rod, the connecting rod is perpendicular to the drill rod, and the connecting rod passes through the central axis of the drill rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting rod comprises:

[0013] An outer cylinder, one end of which is connected to the drill rod, and the other end of which is suspended in the air, wherein the suspended end of the outer cylinder is provided with an inner cavity along the length direction of the outer cylinder;

[0014] Inner rod, the inner rod is matched with the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and the inner rod is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder;

[0015] Pressure elastic member, the pressure elastic member is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, one end of the pressure elastic member is connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity, the other end of the pressure elastic member is connected to one end of the inner rod located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller and the central axis of the drill pipe when the pressure elastic member is not subjected to external force is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit.

[0016] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0017] Bearing type reducer, the connecting rod is connected to the drill pipe through the bearing type reducer, the inner ring of the bearing type reducer is detachably connected to the drill pipe, and the outer ring of the bearing type reducer is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0018] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0019] Connecting cylinder, the inner diameter of the connecting cylinder is matched with the drill pipe, the end of the connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing type reducer, and more than one first fixing hole is opened on the side of the connecting cylinder, and the first fixing holes are evenly distributed around the central axis of the connecting cylinder;

[0020] Second fixing hole, the second fixing hole is opened on the side of the drill pipe, when the connecting cylinder is connected to the drill pipe, the central axis of the second fixing hole is parallel to the central axis of the first fixing hole, the second fixing hole is a screw hole, the diameter of the second fixing hole is matched with the first fixing hole, the number of the second fixing holes is the same as that of the first fixing holes, and the second fixing holes are evenly distributed around the central axis of the drill pipe to form a fixed hole annular array, and the fixed hole annular array includes more than 1 and is distributed along the length direction of the drill pipe;

[0021] Fixing bolt, the fixing bolt is matched with the second fixing hole, the number of the fixing bolts is the same as that of the first fixing holes, each first fixing hole corresponds to a fixing bolt, and the fixing bolt is inserted into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole at the same time so that the connecting cylinder is fixed on the drill pipe.

[0022] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0023] Wave ring, the inner diameter of the wave ring is matched with the drill pipe, the outer side surface of the wave ring is provided with protrusions evenly distributed around the central axis of the wave ring, one end of the wave ring is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing type reducer, and the wave ring is coaxial with the inner ring of the bearing type reducer;

[0024] Ejector rod, one end of the ejector rod is fixedly connected to the inner rod, the ejector rod is an elastic push rod, and when the ejector rod is not subjected to external force, the suspended end of the ejector rod contacts the surface of the depression between the two protrusions of the wave ring; the suspended end of the ejector rod is a round head.

[0025] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0026] The support hole is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder, the support hole matches the push rod, the push rod is movably inserted in the support hole, and the center axis of the support hole coincides with the center axis of the push rod.

[0027] Furthermore, the wave ring, the support hole and the mandrel are symmetrically distributed with the first plane as a symmetry plane, the first symmetry plane passes through the central axis of the connecting rod, and the first symmetry plane is perpendicular to the drill rod.

[0028] A rotary drilling method for a rotary drilling hole-forming and hole-collapse prevention device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0029] S01. Use a rotary drill bit to dig a hole, the hole depth of which is greater than the distance from the lower end surface of the rotary drill bit to the upper end surface of the pressing roller;

[0030] S02, placing the rotary drilling bit and the pressing roller completely in the hole, and making the pressing roller close to the hole wall;

[0031] S03, rotating the drill rod to rotate the rotary drill bit, and causing the clamping roller to rotate along with the drill rod;

[0032] S04. Vibrate and clamp the roller during rotary drilling.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art,

[0034] 1) The present invention arranges a clamping roller at the rear side of the rotary drill bit. When the drill rod drives the rotary drill bit to rotate and drill a hole, the drill rod drives the clamping roller to roll on the hole wall. Since the maximum distance between the side surface of the clamping roller and the center axis of the drill rod is greater than the diameter of the rotary drill bit, the diameter of the hole pressed by the drill rod is greater than the hole drilled by the rotary drill bit, thereby achieving the purpose of compacting the soil on the hole wall. The present invention strengthens the hole wall structure without mud wall protection, is more environmentally friendly, does not require sleeve wall protection, has no consumables and has lower cost. For any soil conditions, it only needs to adjust the distance from the clamping roller to the center axis of the drill rod to compact the hole wall drilled by the corresponding soil conditions, and is not limited by the soil conditions.

[0035] 2) The present invention uses more than two connecting rods and pressing rollers to make the pressing efficiency of the hole wall higher;

[0036] 3) The present invention makes the connecting rod flexible by setting the connecting rod as an elastic push rod. When facing a relatively rigid object such as a rock, the connecting rod can be retracted, thereby avoiding damage to the pressing roller or the connecting rod;

[0037] 4) The present invention movably inserts the inner rod into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder, and then utilizes the elastic force of the pressure elastic member to make the inner rod have elasticity in the direction of the pressure elastic member;

[0038] 5) In the present invention, through the bearing type reducer, the angular velocity of the pressing roller rotating around the central axis of the drill pipe is less than the angular velocity of the drill pipe itself, avoiding the situation that the soil on the hole wall is lifted due to the too fast movement speed of the pressing roller;

[0039] 6) In the present invention, the detachable connection of the bearing type reducer on the drill pipe is realized by inserting the fixing screw into the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole, and the annular array of the fixing holes includes more than 1 and is distributed along the length direction of the drill pipe, so that the distance between the pressing roller and the rotary drilling bit can be adjusted to meet the requirements of different soil conditions;

[0040] 7) In the present invention, the wave ring rotates with the drill pipe, and the ejector rod contacts the protrusions on the wave ring. Due to the speed difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing type reducer, when the wave ring rotates, the ejector rod vibrates with the protrusions, so that the pressing roller can also vibrate when compacting the hole wall, increasing the compaction effect of the pressing roller on the hole wall. At the same time, the ejector rod is set as an elastic push rod to avoid the bending of the ejector rod when the hole wall is relatively rigid. The round head at the suspended end of the ejector rod also makes the contact surface between the ejector rod and the wave ring smoother, avoiding the bending of the ejector rod by the rotation of the wave ring;

[0041] 8) In the present invention, the support hole plays a role in supporting the ejector rod, avoiding the situation that the suspended end of the ejector rod cannot contact the wave ring due to the vibration of the ejector rod in the vertical direction, and failing to make the pressing roller vibrate;

[0042] 9) In the present invention, by setting the wave ring, the support hole and the ejector rod to be symmetrically distributed with respect to the first plane, the vibration of each part of the pressing roller is uniform;

[0043] 10) In the present invention, the pressing roller compacts the hole wall dug by the rotary drilling bit at the rear of the rotary drilling bit. By skillfully using the rotation of the drill pipe to drive the pressing roller to rotate around the central axis of the drill pipe, the coverage of the hole wall around is realized, and vibrating the pressing roller further increases the compaction efficiency of the pressing roller on the hole wall. Strengthening the hole wall structure does not require mud wall protection, which is more environmentally friendly, nor does it require sleeve type wall protection, without consumable costs and lower cost. For any soil condition, only by adjusting the distance between the pressing roller and the central axis of the drill pipe can the hole wall drilled under the corresponding soil condition be compacted, without being restricted by soil conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial view at D in

[0046] Figure 3 is an exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 is Figure 3Partial view at C in [the figure];

[0048] Figure 5 Front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 is Figure 5 Cross-sectional view at the A - A section line in [the figure];

[0050] Figure 7 is Figure 6 Partial view at B in [the figure]. Detailed implementation manners

[0051] The present invention will be further introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0052] Embodiment 1: Referring to Figures 1 to 7 , a rotary drilling hole anti - collapse device, comprising: a drill pipe 2; a rotary drilling bit 1, the rotary drilling bit 1 is bolt - connected or welded to the suspended end of the drill pipe 2; further comprising: a connecting rod 4, one end of the connecting rod 4 is connected to the drill pipe 2 behind the rotary drilling bit 1, the other end of the connecting rod 4 is welded with a first rotating shaft 8, the first rotating shaft 8 is parallel to the central axis of the drill pipe 2, and the connecting rod 4 rotates driven by the drill pipe 2; a pressing roller 3, the pressing roller 3 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 8, and the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller 3 and the central axis of the drill pipe 2 is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit 1. The edges of both ends of the pressing roller 3 are rounded.

[0053] Further, the connecting rod 4 includes more than 2, and the connecting rods 4 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the drill pipe 2. The number of the pressing rollers 3 is the same as that of the connecting rods 4, and one pressing roller 3 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 8 of each connecting rod 4.

[0054] Further, the connecting rod 4 is an elastic push rod, the connecting rod 4 is perpendicular to the drill pipe 2, and the connecting rod 4 passes through the central axis of the drill pipe 2.

[0055] Further, the connecting rod 4 includes: an outer cylinder 401, one end of the outer cylinder 401 is connected to the drill pipe 2, the other end of the outer cylinder 401 is suspended, and an inner cavity along the length direction of the outer cylinder 401 is opened at the suspended end of the outer cylinder 401; an inner rod 402, the inner rod 402 is matched with the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 401, and the inner rod 402 is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 401; a pressure elastic member 403, the pressure elastic member 403 is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 401, one end of the pressure elastic member 403 is connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity, the other end of the pressure elastic member 403 is connected to one end of the inner rod 402 located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 401, and when the pressure elastic member 403 is not subject to external force, the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller 3 and the central axis of the drill pipe 2 is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit 1. Here, the pressure elastic member 403 is a compression spring.

[0056] Further, it further includes: a bearing type reducer 5. The connecting rod 4 is connected to the drill pipe 2 through the bearing type reducer 5. The inner ring of the bearing type reducer 5 is detachably connected to the drill pipe 2, and the outer ring of the bearing type reducer 5 is bolted or welded to the connecting rod 4. The bearing type reducer 5 can adopt a planetary reducer.

[0057] Further, it further includes: a connecting cylinder 11. The inner diameter of the connecting cylinder 11 matches that of the drill pipe 2. The end of the connecting cylinder 11 is bolted to the inner ring of the bearing type reducer 5. One or more first fixing holes 7-1 are formed on the side of the connecting cylinder 11, and the first fixing holes 7-1 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the connecting cylinder 11; a second fixing hole 2-1 is formed on the side of the drill pipe 2. When the connecting cylinder 11 is connected to the drill pipe 2, the central axis of the second fixing hole 2-1 is parallel to the central axis of the first fixing hole 7-1. The second fixing hole 2-1 is a threaded hole, the diameter of the second fixing hole 2-1 matches that of the first fixing hole 7-1, the number of the second fixing holes 2-1 is the same as that of the first fixing holes 7-1, and the second fixing holes 2-1 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the drill pipe 2 to form a fixed hole annular array. The fixed hole annular array includes more than one and is distributed along the length direction of the drill pipe 2; a fixing bolt 10, which matches the second fixing hole 2-1. The number of the fixing bolts 10 is the same as that of the first fixing holes 7-1. Each first fixing hole 7-1 corresponds to a fixing bolt 10. The fixing bolt 10 is inserted into the first fixing hole 7-1 and the second fixing hole 2-1 at the same time to fix the connecting cylinder 11 on the drill pipe 2.

[0058] Further, it further includes: a corrugated ring 6. The inner diameter of the corrugated ring 6 matches that of the drill pipe 2. The outer surface of the corrugated ring 6 is provided with protrusions evenly distributed around the central axis of the corrugated ring 6. One end of the corrugated ring 6 is welded to the inner ring of the bearing type reducer 5, and the corrugated ring 6 is coaxial with the inner ring of the bearing type reducer 5; a push rod 9. One end of the push rod 9 is welded to the inner rod 402. The push rod 9 is an elastic push rod. When the push rod 9 is not subject to external force, the suspended end of the push rod 9 contacts the surface of the depression between two protrusions of the corrugated ring 6; the suspended end of the push rod 9 is a round head.

[0059] Further, it further includes: a support hole 7. The support hole 7 is welded to the outer cylinder 401. The support hole 7 matches the push rod 9. The push rod 9 is movably inserted into the support hole 7, and the central axis of the support hole 7 coincides with the central axis of the push rod 9.

[0060] Further, the corrugated ring 6, the support hole 7 and the push rod 9 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first plane of symmetry. The first plane of symmetry passes through the central axis of the connecting rod 4, and the first plane of symmetry is perpendicular to the drill pipe 2.

[0061] A rotary drilling method for the rotary drilling hole anti-collapse device described above, the method includes the following steps:

[0062] S01. First, use the rotary drilling bit 1 to dig a hole, and the depth of the hole is greater than the distance from the lower end face of the rotary drilling bit 1 to the upper end face of the pressing roller 3;

[0063] S02. Place the rotary drilling bit 1 and the pressing roller 3 completely in the hole, and make the pressing roller 3 closely adhere to the hole wall;

[0064] S03. Rotate the drill pipe 2 to make the rotary drilling bit 1 rotate, and make the pressing roller 3 rotate together with the drill pipe 2;

[0065] S04. Vibrate the pressing roller 3 during the rotary drilling process.

[0066] The advantages of the present invention are as follows.

[0067] 1) By arranging the pressing roller 3 at the rear side of the rotary drilling bit 1, while the drill pipe 2 drives the rotary drilling bit 1 to rotate and drill holes, the drill pipe 2 drives the pressing roller 3 to roll on the hole wall. Since the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller 3 and the central axis of the drill pipe 2 is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit 1, the diameter of the hole pressed by the drill pipe 2 is greater than the hole drilled by the rotary drilling bit 1, achieving the purpose of compacting the soil on the hole wall. The present invention strengthens the hole wall structure without the need for mud retaining wall, which is more environmentally friendly, and also does not require a sleeve-type retaining wall, without consumables and with lower costs. For any soil conditions, only by adjusting the distance between the pressing roller 3 and the central axis of the drill pipe 2 can the hole wall drilled under the corresponding soil conditions be compacted, without being restricted by soil conditions;

[0068] 2) With more than 2 connecting rods 4 and the pressing roller 3, the compacting efficiency of the hole wall is higher;

[0069] 3) By setting the connecting rod 4 as an elastic push rod, the connecting rod 4 has flexibility. When facing rigid objects such as rocks, the connecting rod 4 can contract, thus avoiding damage to the pressing roller 3 or the connecting rod 4;

[0070] 4) The inner rod 402 is movably inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder 401, and then the elastic force of the pressure elastic member 403 makes the inner rod 402 have elasticity in the direction of the pressure elastic member 403;

[0071] 5) With the bearing type reducer 5, the angular velocity of the pressing roller 3 rotating around the central axis of the drill pipe 2 is less than the angular velocity of the drill pipe 2 itself rotating, avoiding the soil on the hole wall being lifted by the too fast movement speed of the pressing roller 3;

[0072] 6) The bearing type reducer 5 is detachably connected to the drill pipe 2 by inserting the fixing screw into the first fixing hole 7-1 and the second fixing hole 2-1, and the fixing holes are annularly arranged with more than 1 and distributed along the length direction of the drill pipe 2, so that the distance between the pressing roller 3 and the rotary drilling bit 1 can be adjusted to meet the requirements of different soil conditions;

[0073] 7) The present invention rotates with the drill pipe 2 by the wave ring 6, and makes the push rod 9 contact the protrusion on the wave ring 6. Since there is a speed difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing-type reducer 5, the push rod 9 vibrates with the protrusion when the wave ring 6 rotates, so that the pressing roller 3 can also vibrate when compacting the hole wall, thereby increasing the compaction effect of the pressing roller 3 on the hole wall. At the same time, the push rod 9 is set as an elastic push rod, which can avoid the push rod 9 from bending when the hole wall is relatively rigid. The suspended end of the push rod 9 is a round head, which also makes the contact surface between the push rod 9 and the wave ring 6 smoother, thereby preventing the push rod 9 from being bent by the rotation of the wave ring 6;

[0074] 8) The present invention supports the push rod 9 through the support hole 7, so as to prevent the push rod 9 from vibrating in the vertical direction, which would cause the suspended end of the push rod 9 to fail to contact the wave ring 6 and prevent the pressing roller 3 from vibrating;

[0075] 9) The present invention arranges the wave ring 6, the support hole 7 and the push rod 9 symmetrically distributed with the first plane as the symmetry plane, so that the pressing roller 3 vibrates uniformly at all locations;

[0076] 10) The present invention compacts the hole wall dug by the rotary drill bit 1 at the rear of the rotary drill bit 1 by means of the compacting roller 3, cleverly utilizing the rotation of the drill rod 2 to drive the compacting roller 3 to rotate around the central axis of the drill rod 2 to achieve coverage of the hole wall, and vibrating the compacting roller 3 to further increase the compaction efficiency of the hole wall by the compacting roller 3, thereby strengthening the hole wall structure without the need for mud wall protection, being more environmentally friendly, and without the need for sleeve-type wall protection, without consumables and lower cost, and for any soil conditions, only the distance from the compacting roller 3 to the central axis of the drill rod 2 needs to be adjusted to compact the hole wall dug by the corresponding soil conditions, without being restricted by the soil conditions.

[0077] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary drilling hole anti-collapse device, comprising: a drill pipe (2); a rotary drilling bit (1), the rotary drilling bit (1) being fixedly connected to the suspended end of the drill pipe (2); characterized in that it further comprises: a connecting rod (4), one end of the connecting rod (4) being connected to the drill pipe (2) behind the rotary drilling bit (1), the other end of the connecting rod (4) being fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (8), the first rotating shaft (8) being parallel to the central axis of the drill pipe (2), and the connecting rod (4) rotating under the drive of the drill pipe (2); a pressing roller (3), the pressing roller (3) being rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (8), the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller (3) and the central axis of the drill pipe (2) being greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit (1); further comprising: a bearing type reducer (5), the connecting rod (4) being connected to the drill pipe (2) through the bearing type reducer (5), the inner ring of the bearing type reducer (5) being detachably connected to the drill pipe (2), and the outer ring of the bearing type reducer (5) being fixedly connected to the connecting rod (4); a corrugated ring (6), the inner diameter of the corrugated ring (6) being matched with the drill pipe (2), the outer side surface of the corrugated ring (6) being provided with protrusions uniformly distributed around the central axis of the corrugated ring (6), one end of the corrugated ring (6) being fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing type reducer (5), and the corrugated ring (6) being coaxial with the inner ring of the bearing type reducer (5); a push rod (9), one end of the push rod (9) being fixedly connected to the inner rod (402), the push rod (9) being an elastic push rod, and when the push rod (9) is not subject to an external force, the suspended end of the push rod (9) being in contact with the surface of the depression between two protrusions of the corrugated ring (6); the suspended end of the push rod (9) being a round head; a support hole (7), the support hole (7) being fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (401), the support hole (7) being matched with the push rod (9), the push rod (9) being movably inserted into the support hole (7), and the central axis of the support hole (7) coinciding with the central axis of the push rod (9); the corrugated ring (6), the support hole (7) and the push rod (9) being symmetrically distributed with respect to a first plane of symmetry, the first plane of symmetry passing through the central axis of the connecting rod (4), and the first plane of symmetry being perpendicular to the drill pipe (2); the connecting rod (4) being an elastic push rod; the connecting rod (4) comprising more than 2, the connecting rods (4) being uniformly distributed around the central axis of the drill pipe (2), the number of pressing rollers (3) being the same as the number of connecting rods (4), and one pressing roller (3) being rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft (8) of each connecting rod (4).

2. The rotary drilling hole anti-collapse device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod (4) is perpendicular to the drill pipe (2), and the connecting rod (4) passes through the central axis of the drill pipe (2).

3. The rotary drilling hole anti-collapse device according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting rod (4) comprises: an outer cylinder (401), one end of the outer cylinder (401) being connected to the drill pipe (2), the other end of the outer cylinder (401) being suspended, and the suspended end of the outer cylinder (401) being provided with an inner cavity along the length direction of the outer cylinder (401); an inner rod (402), the inner rod (402) being matched with the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (401), and the inner rod (402) being movably inserted into the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (401); A pressure elastic member (403), the pressure elastic member (403) is arranged in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (401), one end of the pressure elastic member (403) is connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity, and the other end of the pressure elastic member (403) is connected to one end of the inner rod (402) located in the inner cavity of the outer cylinder (401). When the pressure elastic member (403) is not subjected to external force, the maximum distance between the side surface of the pressing roller (3) and the central axis of the drill pipe (2) is greater than the diameter of the rotary drilling bit (1).

4. The rotary drilling hole anti-collapse device according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising: A connecting cylinder (11), the inner diameter of the connecting cylinder (11) matches that of the drill pipe (2), the end of the connecting cylinder (11) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing type reducer (5), and more than one first fixing hole (7-1) is opened on the side of the connecting cylinder (11), and the first fixing holes (7-1) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the connecting cylinder (11); A second fixing hole (2-1), the second fixing hole (2-1) is opened on the side of the drill pipe (2). When the connecting cylinder (11) is connected to the drill pipe (2), the central axis of the second fixing hole (2-1) is parallel to the central axis of the first fixing hole (7-1). The second fixing hole (2-1) is a threaded hole, and the diameter of the second fixing hole (2-1) matches that of the first fixing hole (7-1). The number of the second fixing holes (2-1) is the same as that of the first fixing holes (7-1). The second fixing holes (2-1) are evenly distributed around the central axis of the drill pipe (2) to form a fixed hole annular array, and the fixed hole annular array includes more than 1 and is distributed along the length direction of the drill pipe (2); A fixing bolt (10), the fixing bolt (10) matches the second fixing hole (2-1), and the number of the fixing bolts (10) is the same as that of the first fixing holes (7-1). Each first fixing hole (7-1) corresponds to a fixing bolt (10). The fixing bolts (10) are inserted into the first fixing holes (7-1) and the second fixing holes (2-1) at the same time so that the connecting cylinder (11) is fixed on the drill pipe (2).

5. A rotary drilling method for the rotary drilling hole anti-collapse device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps: S01. Use the rotary drilling bit (1) to first dig a hole, and the hole depth is greater than the distance from the lower end surface of the rotary drilling bit (1) to the upper end surface of the pressing roller (3); S02. Place the rotary drilling bit (1) and the pressing roller (3) completely in the hole, and make the pressing roller (3) close to the hole wall; S03. Rotate the drill pipe (2) to make the rotary drilling bit (1) rotate, and make the pressing roller (3) rotate together with the drill pipe (2); S04. Vibrate the pressing roller (3) during the rotary drilling process.

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