Electric fork truck based on high voltage technology

Abstract

The application discloses a high-voltage technology-based electric forklift, which comprises a walking motor and an oil pump motor, and further comprises a high-voltage system connected with the walking motor and the oil pump motor respectively and used for supplying high-voltage electricity to the walking motor and the oil pump motor; and a water-cooling heat dissipation system, a water-cooling loop of the water-cooling heat dissipation system passing through the high-voltage system, the walking motor and the oil pump motor to dissipate heat of the high-voltage system, the walking motor and the oil pump motor. The application introduces the high-voltage system into the electric forklift, provides more electric quantity and smaller current for the electric forklift, improves the endurance of the electric forklift, reduces the heat quantity of electric elements of the electric forklift, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the electric elements and improving the performance of the whole vehicle. The water-cooling heat dissipation system is introduced into the electric forklift to improve the heat dissipation effect, so that the walking motor and the oil pump motor have good heat dissipation effect, the performance specification of working components such as the walking motor and the oil pump motor is improved, and thus the working performance of the whole electric forklift is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of forklifts, and more particularly to an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current electric forklift adopts a low-voltage power supply system as a power source. For example, electric forklifts with a load capacity of less than 10 tons mostly adopt a low-voltage system with a voltage of less than 96 V.

[0003] With the development of social economy and technology and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, electric forklifts are replacing internal combustion forklifts as a development trend, which puts forward higher requirements on the performance of electric forklifts. However, under the current condition of low-voltage system power supply, the improvement of the overall performance of electric forklifts is greatly restricted, making it more and more difficult to improve the overall performance of electric forklifts.

[0004] Therefore, how to overcome the restriction of low-voltage system power supply on the overall performance of electric forklifts is a problem that needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, which can overcome the restriction of low-voltage system power supply on the overall performance of electric forklifts and is beneficial to improving the overall performance thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] An electric forklift based on high-voltage technology comprises a traveling motor and an oil pump motor, and further comprises:

[0008] a high-voltage system connected to the traveling motor and the oil pump motor respectively, for supplying high-voltage power to the traveling motor and the oil pump motor;

[0009] a water-cooling heat dissipation system, wherein a water-cooling loop of the water-cooling heat dissipation system passes through the high-voltage system, the traveling motor and the oil pump motor, so as to dissipate heat from the high-voltage system, the traveling motor and the oil pump motor.

[0010] Preferably, the high-voltage system comprises:

[0011] a battery box for outputting high-voltage power;

[0012] a power distribution box connected to the battery box through a high-voltage power line, and connected to the traveling motor and the oil pump motor respectively, so as to output high-voltage power to the traveling motor and the oil pump motor through the power distribution box.

[0013] Preferably, the number of battery boxes is at least two.

[0014] Preferably, the battery box includes:

[0015] The first battery box is located in the lower middle part of the frame of the electric forklift;

[0016] The second battery box is located in the upper middle part of the vehicle frame.

[0017] Preferably, both the first battery box and the second battery box are detachable.

[0018] Preferably, the power distribution box is equipped with a DC-DC converter to output low-voltage electricity to the low-voltage components of the electric forklift.

[0019] Preferably, the walking motor is a combined motor and electronic control walking motor; the oil pump motor is a combined motor and electronic control oil pump motor.

[0020] Preferably, the water-cooled heat dissipation system includes a radiator and a water pump, the radiator and the water pump are connected by a cooling water pipe to form the water-cooled circuit, and the radiator is connected to an expansion tank.

[0021] Preferably, the cooling water in the water-cooling circuit flows as follows: after exiting the radiator, it passes sequentially through the power distribution box, the walking motor, and the oil pump motor, and finally returns to the radiator.

[0022] Preferably, the radiator is located inside the counterweight cavity of the electric forklift, and the radiator is tilted so that the air duct of the radiator faces obliquely upward.

[0023] The electric forklift based on high-voltage technology provided by this invention has a stronger power supply capacity due to the high voltage output of the high-voltage system. Moreover, the use of a high-voltage system for power supply results in high voltage and low current for the travel motor and oil pump motor. This reduces the current of the travel motor and oil pump motor, which helps to improve their performance. At the same time, the low current also reduces the heat generated by the travel motor, oil pump motor, and electronic control system, which helps to extend their service life and improve the overall performance of the vehicle.

[0024] In other words, introducing a high-voltage system into an electric forklift can provide more power and less current, thereby improving the forklift's range, reducing the heat generated by its electrical components, extending their lifespan, and improving overall vehicle performance.

[0025] In addition, it is understandable that if the heat dissipation is poor, blindly upgrading the performance specifications of the travel motor and oil pump motor will lead to overheating failure. Therefore, this invention introduces a water-cooling system into the electric forklift to dissipate heat from the high-voltage system, travel motor, and oil pump motor, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect and enabling the travel motor and oil pump motor to have better heat dissipation. This facilitates the improvement of the performance specifications of the travel motor, oil pump motor, and other working components, thereby improving the overall working performance of the electric forklift.

[0026] Furthermore, by introducing a high-voltage system into electric forklifts, a higher level of protection is provided to ensure safety. Compared to existing electric forklifts that use low-voltage systems, electric forklifts equipped with high-voltage systems have a higher overall level of protection, which enhances their environmental adaptability and enables them to adapt to harsh working environments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a power supply schematic diagram of a high-voltage system for an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a water-cooled heat dissipation system for an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A top view of an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a front view of an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, provided as a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figures 1 to 4 The accompanying figure labels are as follows:

[0033] 11 is the battery box, 111 is the first battery box, 112 is the second battery box, 12 is the power distribution box, 13 is the storage battery, 2 is the motor-electric control combined travel motor, 3 is the motor-electric control combined oil pump motor, 31 is the hydraulic oil tank, 41 is the radiator, 42 is the water pump, 43 is the expansion tank, 5 is the vehicle controller, 6 is the mast, 7 is the frame, 8 is the drive axle, 9 is the counterweight, and 10 is the engine cover. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The core of this invention is to provide an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, which can overcome the limitations of low-voltage power supply on the overall performance of the electric forklift and help improve its overall performance.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the power supply principle for a high-voltage system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a water-cooled heat dissipation system; Figure 3 A top view of an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology; Figure 4 This is a front view of an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology.

[0037] This invention provides an electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, which mainly includes a travel motor, an oil pump motor, a high-voltage system, and a water-cooling system.

[0038] Specifically, the high-voltage system is connected to the travel motor and the oil pump motor respectively, and is used to supply high-voltage electricity to the travel motor and the oil pump motor.

[0039] The water-cooling circuit of the water-cooling system passes through the high-voltage system, the travel motor, and the oil pump motor to dissipate heat from these components.

[0040] In other words, this invention introduces a high-voltage system into electric forklifts to solve the problem of low-voltage systems limiting the performance improvement of electric forklifts.

[0041] Understandably, high-voltage systems output high-voltage electricity, providing more power. Moreover, using a high-voltage system results in higher voltage and lower current for the travel motor and oil pump motor. This reduces the current of the travel motor and oil pump motor, which helps improve their performance. At the same time, the lower current also reduces the heat generated by the travel motor, oil pump motor, and electronic control system, thus extending their service life and improving the overall vehicle performance.

[0042] In other words, introducing a high-voltage system into an electric forklift can provide more power and less current, thereby improving the forklift's range, reducing the heat generated by its electrical components, extending their lifespan, and improving overall vehicle performance.

[0043] In addition, it is understandable that if the heat dissipation is poor, blindly upgrading the performance specifications of the travel motor and oil pump motor will lead to overheating failure. Therefore, this invention introduces a water-cooling system into the electric forklift to dissipate heat from the high-voltage system, travel motor, and oil pump motor, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect and enabling the travel motor and oil pump motor to have better heat dissipation. This facilitates the improvement of the performance specifications of the travel motor, oil pump motor, and other working components, thereby improving the overall working performance of the electric forklift.

[0044] Furthermore, by introducing a high-voltage system into electric forklifts, a higher level of protection is provided to ensure safety. Compared to existing electric forklifts that use low-voltage systems, electric forklifts equipped with high-voltage systems have a higher overall level of protection, which enhances their environmental adaptability and enables them to adapt to harsh working environments.

[0045] Considering the specific implementation of the high-voltage system, based on the above embodiment, the high-voltage system includes a battery box 11 and a power distribution box 12. The battery box 11 is used to output high-voltage electricity, and the power distribution box 12 is connected to the battery box 11 through a high-voltage power line. The power distribution box 12 is connected to the walking motor and the oil pump motor respectively, so as to output high-voltage electricity to the walking motor and the oil pump motor through the power distribution box 12.

[0046] Understandably, the battery box 11 provides power to the entire vehicle; the power distribution box 12 is used to reasonably distribute the power output from the battery box 11 to various electrical components. The centralized power distribution using the power distribution box 12 facilitates the wiring layout, improves the electrical protection level, and fully ensures the safety of the high-voltage system.

[0047] It is understandable that the battery box 11 that outputs high-voltage electricity is relatively large. In order to make reasonable use of the space of the electric forklift and at the same time ensure sufficient power supply, the number of battery boxes 11 is at least one, based on the above embodiment.

[0048] In other words, this embodiment can reduce the volume of a single battery box 11 by setting multiple battery boxes 11, so as to facilitate the setting of the battery boxes 11 and at the same time facilitate the maintenance and repair of each battery box 11.

[0049] In addition, the electric forklift can be equipped with multiple battery boxes 11 for alternating use. When the power of one battery box 11 is depleted, another spare battery box 11 can be easily replaced to replenish the energy. At this time, the depleted battery box 11 can be charged separately while the electric forklift is working.

[0050] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific number of battery boxes 11, and those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above embodiments, the battery box 11 includes a first battery box 111 and a second battery box 112. The first battery box 111 is located in the lower middle part of the frame 7 of the electric forklift; the second battery box 112 is located in the upper middle part of the frame 7.

[0052] In other words, according to the arrangement of the battery box 11, this embodiment divides the battery box 11 into two types: a first battery box 111 and a second battery box 112.

[0053] The number of the first battery box 111 and the second battery box 112 can be one or more. Preferably, the number of the first battery box 111 and the second battery box 112 is one.

[0054] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the maintenance and repair of the battery box 11, both the first battery box 111 and the second battery box 112 can be disassembled based on the above embodiment.

[0055] In other words, this embodiment allows the first battery box 111 and the second battery box 112 to be detached from the electric forklift by disassembling them, so as to better maintain and repair the first battery box 111 and the second battery box 112, or even replace them with new battery boxes 11.

[0056] For ease of disassembly, preferably, the first battery box 111 is slidably connected to the frame 7 in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the electric forklift is provided with an openable side door aligned with the first battery box 111, so that the first battery box 111 can be pulled out or pushed into place from the side door of the electric forklift by pushing or pulling.

[0057] In addition, preferably, the electric forklift is provided with a vertical channel for removing the second battery box 112, so that after the second battery box 112 is removed, it can be lifted out or lifted into place by means of hoisting.

[0058] In addition, this embodiment does not limit the specific location of the power distribution box 12. Preferably, the power distribution box 12 is located in the middle of the frame 7 of the electric forklift so that the power distribution box 12 can be connected to the first battery box 111 and the second battery box 112 respectively.

[0059] In addition, considering the issue of powering the low-voltage components of the electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, based on the above embodiment, the power distribution box 12 is equipped with a DC-DC converter to convert the high-voltage electricity output from the battery box 11 into low-voltage electricity, thereby outputting low-voltage electricity to the low-voltage components of the electric forklift.

[0060] Preferably, the electric forklift includes a battery 13, which can be used as a low-voltage power source.

[0061] It should be noted that the low-voltage components of an electric forklift include the vehicle controller 5, battery 13, water pump 42 of the water cooling system, lights, alarms, instruments, and other low-voltage components.

[0062] Among them, the vehicle controller 5 is used to communicate and control the battery box 11, the power distribution box 12, the walking motor, the oil pump motor and other low-voltage components.

[0063] For ease of installation, the battery 13 is preferably located above the power distribution box 12. The vehicle controller 5 is preferably located at the front of the frame 7.

[0064] In addition, in order to save the internal space of the electric forklift based on high voltage technology, based on the above embodiment, the travel motor is a motor-electric control combined travel motor 2; the oil pump motor is a motor-electric control combined oil pump motor 3.

[0065] In other words, this embodiment integrates the electronic control part of the walking motor with the walking motor itself, adopting an integrated walking motor; similarly, the electronic control part of the oil pump motor is integrated with the oil pump motor itself, adopting an integrated oil pump motor, thus avoiding the need to separately set up control units for the walking motor and oil pump motor in the vehicle controller 5. That is, in this embodiment, the vehicle controller 5 only needs to communicate and transmit data with the walking motor and the oil pump motor respectively.

[0066] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific location of the travel motor and the oil pump motor. In order to maximize the rational use of the internal space of the electric forklift based on high voltage technology, the travel motor is preferably located on the side of the drive axle 8.

[0067] Preferably, the hydraulic oil tank 31 for supplying oil to the oil pump motor is located on the left side of the upper part of the frame 7, the second battery box 112 is located on the right side of the upper part of the frame 7, and the oil pump motor is located between the second battery box 112 and the hydraulic oil tank 31.

[0068] In addition, considering the specific implementation of the water cooling system, based on the above embodiment, the water cooling system includes a radiator 41 and a water pump 42. The radiator 41 and the water pump 42 are connected by a cooling water pipe to form a water cooling circuit. The radiator 41 is connected to an expansion tank 43.

[0069] It is understandable that the radiator 41 is used to cool the cooling water in the water cooling circuit so that the coolant with a lower temperature after being cooled by the radiator 41 can travel from the radiator 41 to the power distribution box 12, the walking motor and the oil pump motor, etc., to dissipate heat.

[0070] The coolant in the water-cooled circuit is at a high temperature after passing through the distribution box 12, the walking motor and the oil pump motor. At this time, the coolant in the water-cooled circuit eventually returns to the radiator 41. The radiator 41 dissipates the heat of the coolant returning from the water-cooled circuit into the air, thereby cooling the coolant so that it can enter the next cooling cycle.

[0071] The water pump 42 is used to provide power to the coolant in the water-cooling circuit so as to realize the delivery of coolant in the water-cooling circuit.

[0072] It should be noted that the water pump 42 can be located anywhere in the water cooling circuit. For example, the water pump 42 can be located between the travel motor and the oil pump motor, or it can be located in other places.

[0073] Preferably, the installation height of the water pump 42 is lower than that of the radiator 41 to save energy and reduce the load on the water pump 42.

[0074] More preferably, the expansion tank 43 is installed at a higher height than the radiator 41 to ensure pressure.

[0075] In addition, this embodiment does not limit the specific order of the water cooling circuit path through the power distribution box 12, the walking motor and the oil pump motor. Considering that temperature has a great impact on the performance of the power distribution box 12, in order to ensure that the power distribution box 12 always has good working performance, preferably, based on the above embodiment, the cooling water flow direction in the water cooling circuit is: after coming out of the radiator 41, it passes through the power distribution box 12, the walking motor and the oil pump motor in sequence, and finally returns to the radiator 41.

[0076] In other words, the coolant with a lower temperature coming out of the radiator 41 first passes through the distribution box 12 to dissipate heat. At this time, because the temperature of the coolant is low, it has a good heat dissipation effect on the distribution box 12, preventing the temperature of the distribution box 12 from getting too high and affecting its working performance.

[0077] Preferably, when the coolant in the water-cooled circuit passes through the walking motor, the coolant first passes through the electronic control terminal of the walking motor, and then through the motor terminal of the walking motor.

[0078] Similarly, when the coolant in the water-cooled circuit passes through the oil pump motor, the coolant first passes through the electronic control terminal of the oil pump motor, and then through the motor terminal of the oil pump motor.

[0079] In addition, based on the above embodiment, the radiator 41 is disposed in the cavity of the counterweight 9 of the electric forklift, and the radiator 41 is inclined so that the air duct of the radiator 41 faces obliquely upward.

[0080] It is understandable that in order for the radiator 41 to dissipate the heat of the coolant returned to the radiator 41 from the water cooling circuit to the outside air, it is necessary to open a vent on the counterweight 9 so that the air duct of the radiator 41 is oriented towards the vent to achieve heat dissipation.

[0081] If the heat sink 41 is placed upright, the air duct of the heat sink 41 will face directly to the rear. Therefore, a ventilation opening needs to be opened directly behind the counterweight 9. In this case, the ventilation opening will reduce the weight of the counterweight 9 and affect the overall performance of the machine.

[0082] Therefore, in order to solve this technical problem, the heat sink 41 is tilted in this embodiment so that the air duct of the heat sink 41 faces obliquely upward. Preferably, the air duct of the heat sink 41 faces obliquely upward and backward. In this way, the ventilation port on the counterweight 9 can be moved obliquely upward, avoiding being located directly behind the counterweight 9, thereby reducing the impact of the ventilation port on the weight of the counterweight 9 and ensuring the stability of the whole machine.

[0083] Considering the ease of connecting the radiator 41 and the expansion tank 43, preferably, the expansion tank 43 is located inside the cavity of the counterweight 9.

[0084] Furthermore, in order to make reasonable use of the internal space of the electric forklift based on high voltage technology, preferably, the water pump 42 is located at the front of the frame 7 of the electric forklift near the drive axle 8.

[0085] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the structures of other parts of the electric forklift are described in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0086] For example, an electric forklift includes a mast 6, a frame 7, a drive axle 8, and a hood 10.

[0087] For optimal layout, the mast 6 is preferably located at the front end of the frame 7; the drive axle 8 is located at the center of the front axle of the frame 7; and the hood 10 covers the electrical components of the electric forklift and the hydraulic oil tank 31 of the oil pump motor.

[0088] Preferably, the cover 10 includes a front cover and a rear cover, and both the front cover and the rear cover can be opened to facilitate maintenance and repair.

[0089] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0090] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0091] The electric forklift based on high-voltage technology provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An electric forklift based on high-voltage technology, comprising a travel motor and an oil pump motor, characterized in that, Also includes: A high-voltage system, which is connected to the walking motor and the oil pump motor respectively, is used to supply high-voltage electricity to the walking motor and the oil pump motor; A water-cooled heat dissipation system, wherein the water-cooling circuit of the water-cooled heat dissipation system is connected to the power distribution box, the walking motor and the oil pump motor to dissipate heat from the power distribution box, the walking motor and the oil pump motor; The high-voltage system includes: Battery box (11) is used to output high voltage electricity; The power distribution box (12) is connected to the battery box (11) via a high-voltage power line. The power distribution box (12) is connected to the walking motor and the oil pump motor respectively, so as to output high-voltage electricity to the walking motor and the oil pump motor through the power distribution box (12). The battery box (11) provides power to the whole vehicle, and the power distribution box (12) is used to reasonably distribute the power output from the battery box (11) to various electrical components. The battery box (11) includes: The first battery box (111) is located in the lower middle part of the frame (7) of the electric forklift; The second battery box (112) is located in the upper middle part of the vehicle frame (7); The walking motor is a motor-electric control combined walking motor (2); the oil pump motor is a motor-electric control combined oil pump motor (3); the walking motor is located on the side of the drive axle (8) of the electric forklift; the hydraulic oil tank (31) for supplying oil to the oil pump motor is located on the left side of the upper part of the frame (7), the second battery box (112) is located on the right side of the upper part of the frame (7), and the oil pump motor is located between the second battery box (112) and the hydraulic oil tank (31); It also includes a storage battery (13) and a vehicle controller (5). The power distribution box (12) is located in the middle of the vehicle frame (7), the storage battery (13) is located above the power distribution box (12), and the vehicle controller (5) is located at the front of the vehicle frame (7). The water-cooled heat dissipation system includes a radiator (41) and a water pump (42). The radiator (41) is located in the cavity of the counterweight (9) of the electric forklift, and the radiator (41) is tilted so that the air duct of the radiator (41) faces obliquely upward. The water pump (42) is located at the front of the frame (7) near the drive axle (8). Both the first battery box (111) and the second battery box (112) are detachable; The first battery box (111) is slidably connected to the frame (7) in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the electric forklift is equipped with an openable side door aligned with the first battery box (111) so that the first battery box (111) can be pulled out or pushed into place from the side door of the electric forklift by pushing and pulling. The electric forklift is equipped with a vertical channel for removing the second battery box (112) so that after the second battery box (112) is removed, it can be lifted out or lifted into place by means of hoisting. The power distribution box (12) is located in the middle of the frame (7) of the electric forklift so that the power distribution box (12) can be connected to the first battery box (111) and the second battery box (112) respectively. The radiator (41) and the water pump (42) are connected by a cooling water pipe to form the water cooling circuit. The radiator (41) is connected to an expansion tank (43). The cooling water in the water-cooling circuit flows as follows: after exiting the radiator (41), it passes through the power distribution box (12), the walking motor and the oil pump motor in sequence, and finally returns to the radiator (41). The installation height of the water pump (42) is lower than the installation height of the radiator (41); The expansion tank (43) is installed at a higher height than the radiator (41).

2. The electric forklift based on high-voltage technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of battery boxes (11) is at least two.

3. The electric forklift based on high-voltage technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution box (12) is equipped with a DC-DC converter to output low-voltage electricity to the low-voltage components of the electric forklift.

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