Side suction gasifier

Abstract

The present invention provides a side-suction gasifier, which mainly relates to the field of gasifiers. A side-suction gasifier comprises an upper furnace body, a connecting furnace body and a lower furnace body, a material drop port is arranged on the top of the upper furnace body, the top of the material drop port is connected to a material storage bin, an air outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the top of the upper furnace body, a grate plate is arranged on the bottom of the upper furnace body, a plurality of air inlet holes are evenly arranged in a circle on the side of the intermediate ring, an annular shell is arranged on the outer side of the intermediate ring, an annular sleeve is rotatably arranged inside the annular shell, a driving motor is arranged on the top of the annular shell, the driving motor is used to drive the annular sleeve to rotate, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the annular shell, and a carbon cleaner is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower furnace body. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention can evenly supply air to the furnace, so that the combustion degree of biomass fuel is easier to control, and can provide continuous and stable air supply for the entire system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention mainly relates to the field of gasifiers, in particular to a side-suction gasifier. Background Art

[0002] Biomass charcoal gas cogeneration refers to the thermochemical process of converting biomass fuel into combustible gas and producing charcoal. In this process, water vapor, free oxygen or combined oxygen reacts thermochemically with the charcoal in the fuel to generate combustible gas and charcoal at the same time. At present, biomass charcoal gas cogeneration furnaces are mainly divided into two types: upper suction type and lower suction type. The lower suction gasification furnace is large in size and prone to uneven combustion, making it difficult to control its reaction degree. The lower suction gasification furnace will also produce more particulate dust in the furnace, which makes it difficult for the subsequent gas filtering process. The upper suction gasification furnace has an air intake direction from top to bottom. Although the reaction degree is easier to control, it is easy to cause gas leakage, and a higher temperature needs to be maintained in the furnace to keep the entire reaction going. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a side-suction gasifier, which can evenly supply gas into the furnace, making the combustion degree of biomass fuel easier to control and providing continuous and stable gas supply for the entire system.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A side-suction gasification furnace comprises an upper furnace body, a connecting furnace body and a lower furnace body, the connecting furnace body comprises an upper cone, an intermediate ring and a lower cone connected from top to bottom, the upper cone is connected to the upper furnace body, the lower cone is connected to the lower furnace body, a material drop opening is arranged on the top of the upper furnace body, the top of the material drop opening is connected to a material storage bin, an air outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the top of the upper furnace body, a grate plate is arranged on the bottom of the upper furnace body, a plurality of air inlet holes are evenly arranged on the side edge of the intermediate ring in a circular shape, an annular shell is arranged on the outer side of the intermediate ring, an annular sleeve is rotatably arranged in the annular shell, an opening corresponding to the air inlet hole is arranged on the side wall of the annular sleeve, a driving motor is arranged on the top of the annular shell, the driving motor is used to drive the annular sleeve to rotate, an air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the annular shell, a carbon drop opening is arranged on one side of the bottom of the lower furnace body, and a carbon cleaner is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower furnace body.

[0006] The upper furnace body, the connecting furnace body and the inner sides of the lower furnace body are all provided with a fireproof layer and a heat insulation layer.

[0007] A filter screen is arranged inside the air inlet.

[0008] A conical ring is arranged on the inner wall of the intermediate ring, the small diameter end of the conical ring faces downward, and the conical ring is located above the air inlet.

[0009] The bottom of the ring sleeve is connected to the bottom surface of the ring shell through a plane bearing, a fireproof layer and a heat insulation layer are arranged on the inner side of the ring sleeve, a pin gear is arranged on the top of the ring sleeve, and a driving gear is arranged on the gear shaft of the driving motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the pin gear.

[0010] The grate plate is a conical grate plate, the tip of the conical grate plate is facing upward, and a plurality of openings are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the grate plate.

[0011] A plurality of retaining rings are arranged on the upper surface of the grate plate.

[0012] The carbon cleaner includes a rotating shaft, a carbon moving plate, and a bottom motor. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the lower furnace body. The motor shaft of the bottom motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a coupling. The carbon moving plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the bottom of the carbon moving plate contacts the bottom surface of the lower furnace body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0014] 1. The present invention narrows the connection channel between the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body through the "waist-tightening" design of the connecting furnace body, so that the air introduced will diffuse after passing through the channel, and the effect of uniform air supply can be achieved. The air introduced first passes through the connecting furnace body section to be preliminarily heated, and then the oxygen reaches the grate plate and reacts with the hot charcoal to produce carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in an oxygen-limited combustion reaction; then the air continues to rise, and the oxygen content is extremely low or even no oxygen, and the carbon dioxide, charcoal and water vapor react with reduction to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen; the hot air flow after oxidation and reduction reactions continues to rise to dry the falling biomass fuel, and cools the air flow itself, and finally is discharged from the outlet pipe.

[0015] 2. The gas supply method of the present invention is a side suction type. Compared with the top-down gas supply method, the airflow direction in the furnace body of the present invention is smoother, and less other gases are mixed in the fuel gas, making the fuel gas purer and reducing the risk of explosion.

[0016] 3. The air supply port of the present invention rotates continuously, and air can be evenly supplied around the middle ring, so that the probability of contact between the burning charcoal accumulated on the grate plate and the air is close, thereby controlling the combustion uniformity of the biomass fuel in the furnace to ensure the gas production rate and charcoal production rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the present invention in a main viewing state;

[0019] Attached Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A of the present invention;

[0020] Attached Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of part B of the present invention.

[0021] Numbers shown in the accompanying drawings: 1, upper furnace body; 2, connecting furnace body; 3, lower furnace body; 11, drop port; 12, storage bin; 13, air outlet pipe; 14, grate plate; 15, baffle ring; 21, upper cone; 22, middle ring; 23, lower cone; 24, air inlet; 25, ring shell; 26, ring sleeve; 27, opening; 28, driving motor; 29, air inlet pipe; 31, charcoal drop port; 32, charcoal cleaner; 33, rotating shaft; 34, charcoal prying plate; 35, bottom motor; 41, filter screen; 42, conical ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope limited by the application.

[0023] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the side-suction gasification furnace of the present invention comprises an upper furnace body 1, a connecting furnace body 2 and a lower furnace body 3 connected in sequence, wherein the upper furnace body 1 and the connecting furnace body 2, and the lower furnace body 3 and the connecting furnace body 2 are connected by flanges or welding. The connecting furnace body 2 comprises an upper cone 21, an intermediate ring 22 and a lower cone 23 welded from top to bottom. Specifically, a fireproof layer and a heat insulation layer are arranged on the inner sides of the upper furnace body 1, the connecting furnace body 2 and the lower furnace body 3 to meet the heat insulation performance of the furnace body itself.

[0024] A feeding port 11 is provided at the top of the upper furnace body 1, and the feeding port 11 serves as a filling port for biomass fuel. The top of the feeding port 11 is connected to a storage bin 12, and the storage bin 12 is equipped with a conveyor device, and the conveyor continuously conveys the biomass fuel to the storage bin 12. An electric control valve is installed at the bottom of the storage bin, and the falling speed of the biomass fuel can be adjusted by the opening and closing degree of the electric control valve. The biomass fuel accumulates in the storage bin 12, and can be used as a plugging material for the feeding port 11 to prevent the biomass gas from overflowing from the feeding port 11. An air outlet pipe 13 is provided on one side of the top of the upper furnace body 1, and the air outlet pipe 13 is connected to a filtering device. The air outlet pipe 13 serves as a lead-out pipe for the gas, and the carbon powder impurities and tar impurities in the gas are filtered out by the filtering device to prevent the danger of deflagration and explosion during use. A grate plate 14 is installed at the bottom of the upper furnace body 1. The grate plate 14 serves as a bearing plate for the burning biomass fuel, so that the charcoal blocks of the burning biomass fuel are accumulated to a certain thickness, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the oxidation reaction and the reduction reaction.

[0025] A plurality of air inlet holes 24 are evenly arranged on the side of the intermediate ring 22 in a circumferential manner. Specifically, a filter screen 41 is fixed to the inner side of the air inlet hole 24 by spot welding. The filter screen plays a certain blocking role to prevent carbon powder from accumulating at the air inlet hole. A ring shell 25 is welded on the outer side of the intermediate ring 22. The inner side of the ring shell 25 is used as an air chamber as a whole. The ring shell 25 is sealed with the intermediate ring to prevent air and biomass gas from overflowing. A ring sleeve 26 is rotatably installed in the ring shell 25. An opening 27 corresponding to the air inlet hole 24 is arranged on the side wall of the ring sleeve 26. A drive motor 28 is installed on the top of the ring shell 25. The drive motor 28 adopts a heat-resistant motor. The drive motor 28 is used to drive the ring sleeve 26 to rotate. An air inlet pipe 29 is installed on the outer wall of the ring shell 25. The air inlet pipe is connected to the blower. The rotating installation structure of the ring sleeve and the ring shell is as follows: the bottom of the ring sleeve 26 is connected to the bottom surface of the ring shell 25 through a plane bearing. The inner side of the ring sleeve 26 also has a fireproof layer and a heat insulation layer to prevent the temperature inside the ring shell from overheating. Pin teeth are installed on the top of the ring sleeve 26, and the gear shaft of the driving motor 28 is keyed to a driving gear, and the driving gear meshes with the pin teeth. The driving motor 28 drives the ring sleeve to rotate in the ring shell through the meshing of the driving gear and the pin teeth, so that the opening is alternately contacted with the air inlet holes 24 evenly arranged in a circumference, thereby adjusting the position of air entry, so that the air is evenly contacted with the burning biomass fuel charcoal accumulated on the grate plate after passing through the furnace body, ensuring that the biomass fuel charcoal blocks in each area are in an oxygen-limited combustion state to produce sufficient carbon monoxide.

[0026] A charcoal drop-out port 31 is provided on one side of the bottom of the lower furnace body 3, and a charcoal cleaner 32 is installed on the bottom surface of the lower furnace body 3. The charcoal cleaner 32 includes a rotating shaft 33, a charcoal plucking plate 34, and a bottom motor 35. The rotating shaft 33 is rotatably installed at the center of the bottom surface of the lower furnace body 3 through a bearing, the bottom motor 35 is installed at the bottom of the lower furnace body, and the motor shaft of the bottom motor 35 is connected to the rotating shaft 33 through a coupling, the charcoal plucking plate 34 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 33, and the bottom of the charcoal plucking plate 34 is in contact with the bottom surface of the lower furnace body 3. The bottom motor 35 drives the rotating shaft 33 to rotate, so that the charcoal plucking plate can rotate on the bottom surface of the lower furnace body, and the accumulated charcoal powder at the bottom is pushed into the charcoal drop-out port 31. A cooling container is connected to the bottom of the charcoal drop-out port as a collection box for charcoal powder.

[0027] This device stabilizes the flow direction of the airflow through side suction, reduces the probability of gas turbulence in the furnace, reduces the mixing of other gases in the biomass fuel gas, and ensures the purity of the biomass fuel gas. The side suction air intake method prevents the gas from passing through the carbon powder layer, thereby reducing the flying of carbon powder in the furnace, thereby avoiding carbon powder explosion and increasing the output of carbon powder.

[0028] Further, a conical ring 42 is installed on the inner wall of the intermediate ring 22, with the small diameter end of the conical ring 42 facing downward, and the conical ring 42 is located above the air inlet 24. The conical ring 42 can block the air inlet 24 to prevent the falling carbon powder from entering the ring shell.

[0029] Furthermore, the grate plate 14 is a conical grate plate, the tip of the conical grate plate 14 is upward, and a plurality of openings are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the grate plate 14. A plurality of retaining rings 15 are welded on the upper surface of the grate plate 14. The conical grate plate 14 can increase the receiving area of ​​the biomass fuel, and the retaining ring can also play a role in blocking the biomass fuel, thereby increasing the accumulation thickness of the biomass fuel charcoal and ensuring that it undergoes oxidation and reduction reactions with the air.

Claims

1. A side-suction gasifier, comprising an upper furnace body (1), a connecting furnace body (2) and a lower furnace body (3), characterized in that: The connected furnace body (2) comprises an upper cone (21), an intermediate ring (22), and a lower cone (23) connected from top to bottom, the upper cone (21) being connected to the upper furnace body (1), the lower cone (23) being connected to the lower furnace body (3), a material drop opening (11) being arranged at the top of the upper furnace body (1), the top of the material drop opening (11) being connected to a material storage bin (12), an air outlet pipe (13) being arranged at one side of the top of the upper furnace body (1), a grate plate (14) being arranged at the bottom of the upper furnace body (1), and a plurality of air inlet openings (13) being evenly arranged on the side of the intermediate ring (22) in a circular pattern. A hole (24) is formed on the outer side of the middle ring (22), a ring shell (25) is rotatably arranged inside the ring shell (25), an opening (27) corresponding to the air inlet hole (24) is arranged on the side wall of the ring shell (26), a driving motor (28) is arranged on the top of the ring shell (25), and the driving motor (28) is used to drive the ring shell (26) to rotate, an air inlet pipe (29) is arranged on the outer wall of the ring shell (25), a charcoal dropping opening (31) is arranged on one side of the bottom of the lower furnace body (3), and a charcoal cleaner (32) is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower furnace body (3).

2. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper furnace body (1), the connecting furnace body (2) and the lower furnace body (3) are all provided with a fireproof layer and a heat insulation layer on the inner sides.

3. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen (41) is arranged inside the air inlet (24).

4. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical ring (42) is arranged on the inner wall of the intermediate ring (22), the small diameter end of the conical ring (42) faces downward, and the conical ring (42) is located above the air inlet hole (24).

5. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the ring sleeve (26) is connected to the bottom surface of the ring shell (25) through a plane bearing, a fireproof layer and a heat insulation layer are arranged on the inner side of the ring sleeve (26), a pin tooth is arranged on the top of the ring sleeve (26), and a driving gear is arranged on the gear shaft of the driving motor (28), and the driving gear is meshed with the pin tooth.

6. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate plate (14) is a conical grate plate, the tip of the conical grate plate (14) is facing upward, and a plurality of openings are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the grate plate (14).

7. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of retaining rings (15) are arranged on the upper surface of the grate plate (14).

8. The side-suction gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon cleaner (32) comprises a rotating shaft (33), a carbon-moving plate (34), and a bottom-mounted motor (35); the rotating shaft (33) is rotatably arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the lower furnace body (3); the motor shaft of the bottom-mounted motor (35) is connected to the rotating shaft (33) via a coupling; the carbon-moving plate (34) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (33); and the bottom of the carbon-moving plate (34) is in contact with the bottom surface of the lower furnace body (3).

Images