A physical simulation system for prefabricated rock mass with fracture surfaces of different orientations

Abstract

A physical simulation system for prefabricating rock masses containing fracture surfaces with different orientations belongs to the technical field of rock mass physical simulation, and includes: a rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device and a sample fracture surface angle adjustment device. The sample fracture surface orientation and depth are adjusted by the sample fracture surface angle adjustment device, a sample template is established by a mold box in the rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device, and the sample is compacted by force transmission by a pressure plate to obtain a physical simulation sample of the rock mass with fracture surfaces with different orientations. The present application fixes the simulated fracture surface in advance through an adjustable fracture orientation panel, thereby improving the efficiency of prefabricating a large number of simulated rock mass samples containing fracture surfaces with arbitrary orientations and different penetration degrees.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock mass physical simulation, and in particular to a physical simulation system for prefabricated rock mass containing fracture surfaces with different orientations. Background Art

[0002] The magnitude and direction of geostress in rock mass are crucial to the deformation and stability of rock mass engineering, so the study of geostress field in complex geological environment is becoming more and more important. Engineering rock mass is composed of rock blocks and structural surfaces. Under the action of previous tectonic stress, the fractures in the rock mass develop intricately, and the integrity of the rock mass is destroyed, causing the local stress field of the fracture to change with the change of the tectonic stress field (loading stress field), but the specific temporal and spatial variation law is unknown, especially when the rock mass on both sides of the fracture undergoes creep deformation, there are few research results on the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the local stress field.

[0003] At present, scholars at home and abroad have adopted numerical simulation, physical simulation and field measurement methods to study this problem. Among them, physical simulation is more favored by researchers as an analysis method that systematically simulates field engineering geological characteristics in a laboratory environment. In the laboratory, with the help of a rock mechanics test system, rock-like specimens with different crack lengths and crack inclinations are subjected to loading tests to analyze their stress fields and fracture evolution laws. However, sample preparation is a relatively cumbersome but indispensable step for such tests. At present, it is generally impossible to systematically adjust the angle and depth of the prefabrication of the fracture surface in the rock mass, and the pressurization method of the sample is only one-sided vertical compaction. In view of the shortcomings of the existing methods, this application proposes a rock physics simulation device to systematically produce main fracture rock samples and realize controllable main fracture direction to solve the technical problems of cumbersome sample preparation and inability to load the structural surface according to the design plan in the existing rock physics simulation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a physical simulation system for prefabricating a rock mass containing fracture surfaces with different orientations, including: a rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device and a sample fracture surface angle adjustment device;

[0005] The rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device comprises: a fixing plate (1), a bottom plate (2), a mold box (3) and a force transmission frame (13);

[0006] The fixing plate (1) is arranged at the bottom of the rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device, and a central slot and an edge slot are arranged on a side of the fixing plate (1) facing the rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device; the bottom plate (2) is arranged in the central slot, and an assembled mold box (3) is arranged in the slot on the upper part of the bottom plate (2); the mold box (3) has reserved mold box fixing holes (4) on four sides for installing and fixing the mold box (3); the force transmission frame (13) is assembled from two embedded pressure plates;

[0007] The specimen crack surface angle adjustment device comprises: a crack surface support frame (5), a crack surface fixing plate (6), a crack surface fixing hole (7), a crack surface fixing node (8), a crack surface angle adjustment plate (9), a crack surface panel (10), a lower pressing plate crack surface adjustment plate (11), and a lower pressing plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12);

[0008] The crack surface support frame (5) is arranged in the edge slot of the fixing plate (1), the crack surface fixing hole (7) is arranged on the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9), the crack surface fixing section (8) is composed of two symmetrical parts, which are fixed to the upper part of the crack surface support frame (5) by threads, and the pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) is arranged in the central slot of the fixing plate (1);

[0009] The crack panel (10) acts as a simulated crack direction and depth, vertically passes through the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9) and the pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11), fixes the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9) and the crack panel (10) through the crack surface fixing plate (6), adjusts the crack surface direction and depth, and inserts the crack surface fixing hole (7) through the crack surface fixing node (8) to cooperate and fix the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9); the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12) is threadedly fixed to the lower part of the cross bar of the crack surface support frame (5) through a fixing shaft (14). When applying pressure to the pressure plate up and down, in order to save effort and check the state of the soil sample, the crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12) is rotated around the fixing shaft (14) to be parallel to the upper part of the crack surface support frame (5), and the lifted force transmission frame (13) is placed;

[0010] Optionally, the slit panel (10) is placed inside the system, and the height and direction are adjusted by the slit surface angle adjustment plate (9). Considering the problem of fixing the slit panel (10) after adjustment, the slit surface angle adjustment plate (9) is locked by inserting the slit surface fixing node (8) into the slit surface fixing hole (7), and the height of the slit panel is locked by an external buckle.

[0011] Optionally, the method comprises: fixing the mold box (3) and the bottom plate (2) in the central slot and the edge slot of the fixing plate (1) respectively;

[0012] The test materials are spread in layers on the sample box according to the proportions, the lower pressing plate crack surface adjustment plate (12) is rotated around the fixed axis (14) until it is perpendicular to the crack surface support frame (5), the lower pressing plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) and the force transmission frame (13) are assembled in sequence, and after the assembly is completed, they are placed on the upper part of the material to completely contact and fit with the upper surface of the material;

[0013] The entire experimental device is placed in a press, so that the press acts on the upper part of the force transmission frame (13);

[0014] The force transmission frame (13) compacts the test material in the sample box layer by layer under the action of the press;

[0015] After compaction is completed, cut off the part that exceeds the mold box.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0017] A physical simulation sample preparation device for prefabricating rock masses containing fracture surfaces of different orientations, characterized in that: the bottom of the device is a fixed plate, a through groove is provided in the center of the fixed plate for clamping the sample, and front and rear through slide rails are provided on both sides of the mold box for clamping the fracture surface support rods, that is, to ensure that the various components are in a horizontal state during the entire prefabrication process and the position of the prefabricated fracture surface can be adjusted.

[0018] The side of the mold box is composed of four identical right-angle side panels. There is a mold box fixing hole at the joint of each mold box. The corresponding screws are embedded in the mold box fixing hole to fix the side of the mold box to ensure horizontal stability. The buckle of the bottom plate slot ensures the vertical stability of the mold box when working. The combination of these two structures ensures that the mold box can resist the reaction force released by the sample during compaction.

[0019] The entire rotating pressure plate structure is composed of a crack surface support frame (5), a crack surface fixing plate (6), a crack surface angle adjustment plate (9), and a crack panel (10). Before preparing the sample, the crack panel (10) is inserted into the crack surface fixing plate to reach the preset test depth, and then adjusted to a preset angle through the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9). After adjustment, the crack surface fixing section (8) is inserted into the crack surface fixing hole (7), thereby ensuring that the entire crack panel is fixed, and the depth of the crack panel is fixed by a buckle;

[0020] like Figure 5 The pressure plate of the present application is composed of two parts, the upper pressure plate bears the pressure of the press, and the lower pressure plate compacts the sample through pressure transmission. In order to ensure that the direction of the crack panel (10) is adjustable, a lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12) that can rotate with the crack panel (10) is arranged in the middle of the spliced ​​lower pressure plate. The plate is in the form of being in contact with the outer pressure plate and rotating, which ensures that crack surfaces with different directions can be prefabricated and the sample can be seamlessly compacted.

[0021] like Figure 6 The pressure plate of the present application is composed of a force transmission frame (13) and a lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) which are spliced ​​together. The lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) can rotate after splicing. The lower part of the crack panel (10) is inserted into the center of the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) to ensure that the lower part can rotate when the crack panel (10) is adjusted in direction by the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9).

[0022] When preparing the sample, first apply force to the top pressure plate of the force transmission frame (13), and transmit it to the lower pressure plate through the force transmission frame (13), so that pressure can be applied to the sample material in the mold box. In the process of applying force to the sample in the mold box, in order to compact and consolidate the sample and make it closer to the simulated rock mass properties, it is necessary to repeatedly fill and compact the soil during the sample preparation process until the entire sample is compacted and consolidated. The solution is to lift the pressure plate to the height between the fracture surface fixing plate (6) and the fracture surface adjustment fixing plate (12) of the lower pressure plate, and rotate the fracture surface adjustment fixing plate (12) of the lower pressure plate around the fixed axis (14) from a position perpendicular to the fracture surface cross bar to a position parallel to the fracture surface cross bar, such as Figure 7 The lower part of the pressing plate is placed in this position, leaving a certain gap with the mold box below, which is convenient for checking and adding samples.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The device can be used to obtain rock samples with prefabricated corresponding fracture surfaces required for simulation tests. The sample preparation process is simple and quick to operate, and rock and soil samples with prefabricated fracture surfaces of any direction and depth can be obtained, with good feasibility and high accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock physics simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a front view of a rock mass physics simulation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a top view of the rock physics simulation device provided in the embodiment of the present application

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a fixed crack surface in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a pressing plate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is an exploded view of a pressing plate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7is a diagram of a device for viewing a sample in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the base plate in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Structure Description:

[0034] 1-fixed plate; 2-bottom plate; 3-mold box; 4-mold box fixing hole; 5-crack surface support frame; 6-crack surface fixing plate; 7-crack surface fixing hole; 8-crack surface fixing section; 9-crack surface angle adjustment plate; 10-crack panel; 11-lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate; 12-lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate; 13-force transmission frame; 14-fixed shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application is described in detail below, and examples of embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar components or components with the same or similar functions. In addition, if the detailed description of the known technology is unnecessary for the features of the present application shown, it will be omitted. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present application.

[0036] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with those in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless specifically defined as here.

[0037] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present application refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof. The term "and / or" used herein includes all or any unit and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0038] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments.

[0039] First, fix the mold base plate (2) in the groove of the fixed plate (1), assemble the four mold box splicing plates (3) and place them on the mold base plate to form a mold box. Then fix the two feet at the bottom of the crack surface support frame in the groove of the fixed frame (1), and align the crack surface fixing hole (7) with the center of the sample to facilitate the next step.

[0040] When the sample is prefabricated, after the crack surface support frame is fixed, the height of the crack panel (10) is adjusted according to the test plan and fixed to the crack surface fixing plate (9), the crack surface fixing plate is rotated to adjust the direction of the crack panel, the crack surface fixing node (8) is placed in the crack surface fixing hole (7) to fix the direction angle of the crack panel, and the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (12) is passed through the crack panel and placed on the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment and fixing panel (12).

[0041] The test materials are spread in layers on the sample box according to the proportions, and the lower pressing plate crack surface adjustment plate (12) is rotated around the symmetry axis (10). The force transmission frame (13) and the lower pressing plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) are assembled and placed on the upper part of the material. The entire experimental device is placed in a press, and the press acts on the upper part of the force transmission frame (13) to compact. This process is repeated to compact layer by layer. When pressing in layers, the strain measuring device is compacted together with the material in the layer. After each compaction, the hair is scraped to prevent the sample from having a layered surface due to the layered pressing. After the sample is pressed, the upper part that exceeds the mold box is cut off. After the curing is completed, the next test can be carried out.

[0042] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps, measures, and schemes in the processes discussed in this application may be alternated, altered, combined, or deleted. Further, other steps, measures, and schemes in the various operations, methods, and processes discussed in this application may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted. Further, the steps, measures, and schemes in the prior art that are similar to those disclosed in this application may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0044] The orientation or position relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0047] The above description is only a partial implementation method of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A physical simulation method for prefabricating a rock mass containing fracture surfaces with different orientations, the system used in the method comprising: Rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device and sample fracture surface angle adjustment device; The rock mass physical simulation sample device comprises: a fixing plate (1), a bottom plate (2), a mold box (3) and a force transmission frame (13); The fixing plate (1) is arranged at the bottom of the rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device, and a central slot and an edge slot are arranged on a side of the fixing plate (1) facing the rock mass physical simulation sample preparation device; the bottom plate (2) is arranged in the central slot, and an assembled mold box (3) is arranged in the slot on the upper part of the bottom plate (2); the mold box (3) has reserved mold box fixing holes (4) on four sides for installing and fixing the mold box (3); the force transmission frame (13) is assembled from two embedded pressure plates; The specimen crack surface angle adjustment device comprises: a crack surface support frame (5), a crack surface fixing plate (6), a crack surface fixing hole (7), a crack surface fixing section (8), a crack surface angle adjustment plate (9), a crack surface panel (10), a lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11), and a lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12); The crack surface support frame (5) is arranged in the edge slot of the fixing plate (1), the crack surface fixing hole (7) is arranged on the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9), the crack surface fixing section (8) is composed of two symmetrical parts, which are fixed to the upper part of the crack surface support frame (5) by means of threads, and the pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) is arranged in the central slot of the fixing plate (1); The crack panel (10) acts as a simulated crack direction and depth, vertically passes through the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9) and the pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11), and fixes the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9) and the crack panel (10) through the crack surface fixing plate (6), adjusts the crack surface direction and depth, and inserts the crack surface fixing hole (7) through the crack surface fixing node (8) to cooperate and fix the crack surface angle adjustment plate (9); the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12) is threadedly fixed to the lower part of the cross bar of the crack surface support frame (5) through the fixing shaft (14). When applying pressure to the pressure plate up and down, in order to save effort and check the state of the soil sample, the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12) is rotated around the fixing shaft (14) to be parallel to the upper part of the crack surface support frame (5), and the lifted force transmission frame (13) is placed; The method for preparing a rock sample of a rock mass physical simulation device comprises: The mold box (3) and the bottom plate (2) are respectively fixed in the central slot and the edge slot of the fixing plate (1); The test materials are spread in layers according to the proportions on the sample box, the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment fixing plate (12) is rotated around the fixed axis (14) until it is perpendicular to the crack surface support frame (5), the lower pressure plate crack surface adjustment plate (11) and the force transmission frame (13) are assembled in sequence, and after the assembly is completed, they are placed on the upper part of the material to completely contact and fit with the upper surface of the material; The entire experimental device is placed in a press, so that the press acts on the upper part of the force transmission frame (13); The force transmission frame (13) compacts the test material in the sample box layer by layer under the action of the press; after compaction is completed, the portion that exceeds the mold box is cut off.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the test materials are layered and laid flat in the sample box according to the proportion, the test materials also include: When the specimen is prefabricated, after the crack surface support frame (5) is fixed, the height of the crack panel (10) is adjusted according to the test plan and fixed to the crack surface fixing plate (6); The fracture surface fixing plate (6) is rotated to adjust the direction of the fracture surface panel (10), and the fracture surface fixing node (8) is inserted into the fracture surface fixing hole (7) to fix the angle of the fracture surface panel (10).

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The test material in the sample box is compacted layer by layer, including: During the compaction process of each layer, the test material and the strain measuring device in the sample box are compacted together with the material of the layer; Scrape after each compaction.

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