Slope instability warning and forecasting system in front of and behind houses

Abstract

The present invention relates to an early warning and forecasting system for slope instability in front of and behind houses, comprising a control device, a data acquisition device, a communication device, an alarm device and a power supply device; the control device comprises an early warning and forecasting host and a mobile terminal; the data acquisition device comprises a displacement data acquisition unit and a rainfall data acquisition unit, which respectively collect displacement and rainfall data, and transmit the collected data to a management database and a mobile terminal through a communication device. The present invention monitors the slope instability induced by rainfall in the southeast coastal areas during typhoons and rainstorms, and promptly warns the residents threatened by the slopes to protect the property safety of the residents. A landslide early warning and forecasting model composed of binary parameters of rainfall level and potential level is designed. By monitoring the rainfall, the probability of slope instability is predicted, and disaster early warning is carried out, further providing a data judgment basis for slope instability and providing prediction and early warning accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, and in particular relates to an early warning and forecasting system for slope instability in front of and behind houses. Background Art

[0002] Geological disasters are mainly caused by natural or man-made geological factors, which cause catastrophic damage to the geological environment, including earthquakes, landslides, mud-rock flows, ground subsidence, etc. In recent years, geological disasters have been on the rise, causing heavy losses in manpower and financial resources. Monitoring geological disasters is of great significance for timely detection of geological disasters and disaster prevention.

[0003] Existing slope monitoring technology mainly obtains the displacement and soil pressure at the monitoring point on the slope through wiring and various sensors, machinery and other facilities, and infers the slope state through the change of corresponding parameters. Since the occurrence of landslides, mudslides and other dangerous conditions on the slope are closely related to the geological environmental factors and rainfall conditions of the slope detection points, and the existing detection data fails to effectively collect and use this information, when the slope abnormality is detected, the disaster has mostly occurred, and the existing monitoring means and equipment cannot play an early warning role. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a slope instability early warning and forecasting system in front of and behind houses, which is used to monitor slope instability and send alarm information to ensure the safety of residents' lives and property.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A system for early warning and forecasting of slope instability in front of and behind houses, comprising a control device, a data acquisition device, a communication device, an alarm device and a power supply device;

[0007] The control device includes an early warning and forecasting host and a mobile terminal; the communication device and the early warning and forecasting host are assembled on a load-bearing column; the early warning and forecasting host includes a management database, which pre-stores user data to be warned and data collected by a data acquisition device;

[0008] The data acquisition device includes a displacement data acquisition unit and a rainfall data acquisition unit; the displacement data acquisition unit includes a laser rangefinder and a target; the target is fixed on the roof or a selected soil pile of slope deposits, and is used to receive the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder, and the laser rangefinder is installed on the early warning and forecasting host; the rainfall data acquisition unit includes a rain gauge, and the rain gauge is installed on the roof; the rain gauge and the laser rangefinder transmit the collected data to the management database and the mobile terminal through the communication device;

[0009] The power supply device is used to supply energy to the electrical device.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, an adjustable mounting bracket is installed at the bottom of the early warning and forecasting host to adjust the angle of the early warning and forecasting host.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a retractable column is fixed at the bottom of the target.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the power supply device includes an electrically connected solar panel, a solar power supply controller, and a storage battery; the solar panel is installed on an open ground through a mounting bracket, and the output end of the solar power supply controller is connected to the power device through a power supply cable. The solar power plus high-power storage battery composition ensures the safety of the instrument's power use.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the alarm device includes a sound alarm and a light alarm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the rain gauge uses a tipping bucket self-timing rain gauge to measure a single rainfall process.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the management database also pre-stores potential level data divided according to the importance of non-rainfall factors in the measurement area.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the operation process of the system is as follows:

[0017] The mobile phone number of the warning user is stored in the management database, and the warning threshold is set through the mobile terminal. The warning host receives the data collected by the data acquisition device and performs data analysis. When the warning host determines that the collected data exceeds the set threshold, the warning host triggers the alarm device to alarm, and the communication device sends information to the mobile phone number of the warning user via a wireless signal, and at the same time stores the data acquisition device in the management database.

[0018] Furthermore, the warning threshold includes a single displacement threshold, a cumulative displacement threshold, and a rainfall threshold.

[0019] Furthermore, when the early warning and forecasting host determines that the collected data of any one of the single displacement, cumulative displacement, and rainfall exceeds the set threshold, the early warning and forecasting host triggers the alarm device to alarm, and the communication device sends information to the early warning user's mobile phone number via a wireless signal, and at the same time stores the data collection device in the management database.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes setting a rainfall threshold through a mobile terminal, and dividing the collected rainfall into different rainfall levels according to the rainfall threshold; the early warning and forecasting host establishes a judgment matrix with the rainfall level and the potential level data stored in the management database as binary influencing factors, divides the early warning level according to the rainfall level and the potential level, and triggers the alarm device to alarm based on the value of the early warning level.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention monitors the slope instability induced by rainfall in the southeastern coastal areas during typhoons and rainstorms, and promptly issues early warnings to residents threatened by the slopes to protect the property safety of the residents.

[0023] (2) Design a landslide early warning and forecasting model composed of binary parameters of rainfall level and potential level. By monitoring rainfall, the probability of slope instability is predicted and disaster warning is carried out. This further provides data judgment basis for slope instability and improves the accuracy of prediction and warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slope instability early warning and forecasting system.

[0025] Figure 2 Working principle diagram of slope instability early warning and forecasting system.

[0026] Figure 3 Installation diagram of slope instability early warning and forecasting system Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 4 Installation diagram of slope instability early warning and forecasting system Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the 6-hour landslide warning matrix.

[0029] Among them: 1. Early warning system host; 2. Wireless transmission module; 3. Early warning control module; 4. Data collector; 5. Laser rangefinder; 6. Laser; 7. Solar panel; 8. Target; 9. Target retractable column; 10. Slope sediment; 11. Bedrock; 12. Site; 13. Power cord; 14. Power supply controller; 15. Power supply cable; 16. Battery; 17. Solar panel mounting bracket; 18. Adjustable mounting bracket; 19. Rain gauge; 20. Rain gauge mounting bracket; 21. Rainfall data collection line; 22. Load-bearing column; 23. Alarm mounting bracket; 24. Alarm control line; 25. Sound alarm; 26. Light alarm; 27. Early warning SMS; 28. Mobile App; 29. ​​Management database; 30. Wireless signal; 31. Upper covering layer; 32. Residential houses; 33. Landslide surface; 34. Bedrock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment specifically illustrates the schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 The instability warning and forecasting system for the slopes in front of and behind houses shown includes a control device, a data acquisition device, a communication device, an alarm device and a power supply device;

[0034] The control device includes an early warning and forecasting host 1 and a mobile terminal 28. An adjustable mounting bracket 18 is installed at the bottom of the early warning and forecasting host 1 to adjust the angle of the early warning and forecasting host 1. The communication device and the early warning and forecasting host 1 are assembled on the load-bearing column 22. The early warning and forecasting host 1 includes a management database 29, which pre-stores the user data to be warned and the data collected by the data acquisition device.

[0035] The data acquisition device includes a displacement data acquisition unit and a rainfall data acquisition unit; the displacement data acquisition unit includes a laser rangefinder 5 and a target 9; the target 9 is fixed on a roof or a selected soil pile of slope deposits 10, and is used to receive a laser 6 emitted by the laser rangefinder 5, and a retractable column 8 is fixed at the bottom of the target 9; the laser rangefinder 5 is installed on the early warning and forecasting host 1; the rainfall data acquisition unit includes a rain gauge 19, and the rain gauge 19 is installed on the roof through a rain gauge mounting bracket 20; the rain gauge 19 and the laser rangefinder 5 transmit the collected data to a management database 29 and a mobile terminal 28 through a communication device;

[0036] The power supply device is used to supply energy to the electrical device. In this embodiment, the power supply device includes an electrically connected solar panel 7, a solar power controller 14, and a battery 16; the solar panel 7 is installed on an open ground through a mounting bracket 17, and the output end of the solar power controller 14 is connected to the electrical device through a power supply cable 15.

[0037] The alarm device includes a sound alarm 25 and a light alarm 26 , and the early warning host 1 triggers the alarm through the early warning control module 3 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the rain gauge is a tipping bucket self-timing rain gauge to measure a single rainfall process.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] This embodiment specifically illustrates the working process of the system of the present invention.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, a landslide threatening residents is selected to install an early warning system, and the early warning system is powered by a power supply device; after installation, the mobile phone number of the early warning user is pre-stored in the management database 29, and it is recommended that users who receive early warning text messages include disaster managers, project implementation leaders, and residents threatened by slopes. The early warning threshold is set in the mobile terminal 28, mainly including the threshold of single displacement, the threshold of cumulative displacement, and the threshold of rainfall; the data acquisition device collects the displacement data of the laser ranging and the rainfall data of the rain gauge 19, and the early warning host 1 receives the data collected by the data acquisition device and performs data analysis. When the early warning host 1 determines that the single displacement, cumulative displacement and rainfall data exceed the set threshold, the early warning host 1 triggers the alarm device to alarm, and the communication device sends information to the early warning user mobile phone number through a wireless signal, and at the same time stores the data acquisition device in the management database, and at the same time stores the laser ranging and rainfall data in the management database, so as to further analyze the landslide instability process.

[0042] Preferably, by setting a rainfall threshold in the mobile terminal 28, the collected rainfall is divided into different rainfall levels according to the rainfall threshold;

[0043] The early warning and forecasting host 1 establishes a judgment matrix with the rainfall level and the potential level data stored in the management database 29 as binary influencing factors, divides the early warning level according to the rainfall level and the potential level, and triggers the alarm device to alarm based on the value of the early warning level.

[0044] A specific slope early warning forecast model is as follows:

[0045] According to the historical landslide rainfall data in Wenzhou, 97% of them come from typhoons and easterly wave rains. Therefore, the determination of rainfall threshold is mainly based on these two types of rainfall. Determine the 6-hour rainfall threshold for landslides.

[0046] According to the actual data statistics of the study area, the accumulated rainfall 6 hours before the landslide occurred showed an obvious positive correlation with the regional distribution. The 6-hour rainfall thresholds of the three sub-regions of the rainfall environment are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 6-hour rainfall threshold for landslide (unit: mm)

[0048]

[0049] The warning matrix is ​​composed of rainfall levels as rows and potential levels as columns. The warning level is divided into 5 levels. Levels 1-5 represent the possibility of occurrence, small, large, large, and very large, respectively, and are represented by different colors. Levels 1 and 2 do not warn, and levels 3-5 warn. Figure 1 .

[0050] The core of the rainfall-type slope early warning and forecasting model based on potential is the early warning matrix, which inputs two discrete parameters in the row direction (rainfall level) and column direction (potential level). The row direction uses the rainfall threshold to convert the continuous rainfall parameter into a discrete parameter of rainfall level, and the column direction uses the principal component analysis method to convert multiple parameters of different environmental, geological and other conditions into discrete parameters of potential level. Finally, the early warning matrix is ​​used to obtain the early warning level of the early warning point. This method is an early warning method that combines the dynamics of the mechanism of geological disasters with statistical methods from macroscopic (large-scale early warning and forecast) to microscopic (early warning point early warning and forecast), and then from microscopic back to macroscopic. It is a point-like early warning for potential objects.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] This embodiment specifically describes the assembly and debugging process of the system of the present invention.

[0053] Select an open space 12, assemble the solar panel mounting bracket 17, install the solar panel 7, solar power controller 14, and battery 16 on the bracket, and connect the three with a power supply. After checking that the connection is correct, connect the power supply cable 15 to the output end of the solar power controller 14, turn on the solar power controller 14, and use a multimeter to measure whether the output voltage is normal. After the measurement is completed, turn off the solar power controller 14.

[0054] Assemble the load-bearing column (22), install the rain gauge mounting bracket (20) and the alarm mounting bracket (23) at the appropriate position of the load-bearing column, and after the brackets are installed, check; install the rain gauge 19 on the rain gauge mounting bracket 20, check whether the rain gauge 19 is installed horizontally and whether the rainfall data collection line 21 is intact; install the sound alarm 25 and the light alarm 26 on the alarm bracket 23, and check whether the alarm control line 24 is intact.

[0055] Assemble the early warning and forecast host 1, open the host cover, install the early warning control module 3, data collector 4 and laser rangefinder 5 to the corresponding positions; connect the laser rangefinder 5 and rainfall data collection line 21 to the data collector 3, connect the alarm control line 24 to the early warning control module 3, connect the power supply cable 15 to the early warning control module 3, and connect the wireless transmission module 2 to the early warning control module 3; after connecting various data cables, check whether the connection is correct; install an adjustable mounting bracket 18 at the bottom of the early warning and forecast host 1. The adjustable mounting bracket 18 can adjust the angle of the early warning and forecast host 1. This installation ensures that the early warning and forecast host 1 remains at 90°.

[0056] The installed early warning and forecasting host 1 is placed on one side, and the target 8 is installed on the target telescopic column 9 on the other side, and the installed target 8 is inserted into the selected soil pile of slope deposits 10.

[0057] After the installation is completed, turn on the early warning and forecast host 1, adjust its position so that the emitted laser 6 hits the target; use the wireless signal 30 of the wireless transmission module 2 to send the distance data measured by the laser to the management database 29 and the mobile phone APP 28, and query the measured distance, and use a ruler to measure the distance between the early warning and forecast host and the target, analyze the error between the distance measured by the laser and the distance measured by the ruler, calculate the error between the two, and judge the accuracy of the measured distance.

[0058] After setting the displacement warning threshold on the mobile phone APP 28 and the mobile warning forecast host 1, the following checks are performed: whether the user set in the management database 29 receives the warning SMS 27, whether the sound alarm 25 and the light alarm are activated 26, whether there is collected data in the management database and the mobile phone App, and check the correctness of the data.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] This embodiment specifically describes the installation method of the system of the present invention.

[0061] In order to adapt to different threats of slope instability to residential houses, the present invention provides two installation methods:

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, when the landslide is located at the rear edge of the residential house 32, the early warning and forecasting host 1, the sound and light alarms 25, 26 and the power supply device of the early warning and forecasting system are installed on the residential house 32, the target 8 and the target retractable column 9 are installed in the upper covering layer 31 of the landslide, and the target 8 and the early warning and forecasting host 1 are adjusted so that the laser 6 can hit the target, thereby completing the installation of the early warning and forecasting system. The early warning and forecasting system mainly monitors the displacement of the landslide body and the rainfall in the area, and performs landslide early warning in combination with the potential level.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, since no geological survey was conducted when the residents built their houses, the residents' houses were built on the upper covering layer 31 of the landslide. In order to monitor the displacement of the residents' houses, the early warning and forecasting host 1 of the early warning and forecasting system is installed on the bedrock 34 at the rear edge of the landslide, the sound and light alarms 25, 26 and the power supply device are installed on the residents' house 32, the target 8 and the target retractable column 9 are installed on the residents' house 32, the target 8 and the early warning and forecasting host 1 are adjusted so that the laser 6 can hit the target, thereby completing the installation of the early warning and forecasting system. The early warning and forecasting system mainly monitors the displacement of the residents' houses and the rainfall in the area, and performs landslide warning in combination with the potential level.

Claims

1. A system for early warning and forecasting the instability of slopes in front of and behind houses, characterized in that: It includes a control device, a data acquisition device, a communication device, an alarm device and a power supply device; The control device comprises an early warning and forecasting host (1) and a mobile terminal (28); the communication device and the early warning and forecasting host (1) are assembled on a load-bearing column (22); the early warning and forecasting host (1) comprises a management database (29) which pre-stores user data to be warned, data collected by a data acquisition device, and potential level data classified according to the importance of non-rainfall factors in a measurement area; an adjustable mounting bracket (18) is installed at the bottom of the early warning and forecasting host (1) to adjust the angle of the early warning and forecasting host (1); The data acquisition device comprises a displacement data acquisition unit and a rainfall data acquisition unit; the displacement data acquisition unit comprises a laser rangefinder (5) and a target (9); the target (9) is fixed on a roof or a selected soil pile of slope deposits (10) and is used to receive laser light (6) emitted by the laser rangefinder (5); a retractable column (8) is fixed at the bottom of the target (9); the laser rangefinder (5) is installed on the early warning and forecasting host (1); the rainfall data acquisition unit comprises a rain gauge (19), the rain gauge (19) is installed on the roof, and the rain gauge uses a tipping bucket self-timing rain gauge to measure a single rainfall process; the rain gauge (19) and the laser rangefinder (5) transmit the collected data to a management database (29) and a mobile terminal (28) through a communication device; The power supply device is used to supply energy to an electrical device, and comprises an electrically connected solar panel (7), a solar power supply controller (14), and a storage battery (16); the solar panel (7) is installed on an open ground via a mounting bracket (17), and the output end of the solar power supply controller (14) is connected to the electrical device via a power supply cable (15); The system assembly method comprises: assembling a load-bearing column (22), installing a rain gauge mounting bracket (20) and an alarm mounting bracket (23) on the load-bearing column, and after the brackets are installed, checking; installing a rain gauge (19) on the rain gauge mounting bracket (20), checking whether the rain gauge (19) is installed horizontally and whether the rainfall data collection line (21) is intact; installing a sound alarm (25) and a light alarm (26) on the alarm mounting bracket (23), and checking whether the alarm control line (24) is intact; Assemble the early warning and forecasting host (1), open the upper cover of the host, install the early warning control module (3), the data collector (4) and the laser rangefinder (5) to the corresponding positions; connect the laser rangefinder (5) and the rainfall data collection line (21) to the data collector (4), connect the alarm control line (24) to the early warning control module (3), connect the power supply cable (15) to the early warning control module (3), and connect the wireless transmission module (2) to the early warning control module (3); after connecting various data cables, check whether the connection is correct; install an adjustable mounting bracket (18) at the bottom of the early warning and forecasting host (1), and the adjustable mounting bracket (18) adjusts the angle of the early warning and forecasting host (1) so that the early warning and forecasting host (1) remains at 90°; The system operation process is as follows: The mobile phone number of the warning user is stored in the management database (29), and the warning threshold is set through the mobile terminal (28). The warning forecast host (1) receives the data collected by the data collection device and performs data analysis. When the warning forecast host (1) determines that the collected data exceeds the set threshold, the warning forecast host (1) triggers the alarm device to alarm, and the communication device sends information to the mobile phone number of the warning user through a wireless signal, and at the same time, the data collection device is stored in the management database; the warning threshold includes a single displacement threshold, a cumulative displacement threshold, and a rainfall threshold; When the early warning and forecasting host (1) determines that the data collected from any one of the single displacement, cumulative displacement, and rainfall exceeds a set threshold, the early warning and forecasting host (1) triggers the alarm device to alarm, and the communication device sends information to the mobile phone number of the early warning user through a wireless signal, and at the same time, the data collection device stores the information in the management database; Setting a rainfall threshold through a mobile terminal (28), and dividing the collected rainfall into different rainfall levels according to the rainfall threshold; The early warning and forecasting host (1) establishes a judgment matrix with the rainfall level and the potential level data stored in the management database (29) as binary influencing factors, divides the warning level according to the rainfall level and the potential level, and triggers the alarm device to alarm based on the value of the warning level; the core of the potential-based rainfall-type slope early warning and forecasting model is the early warning matrix, which inputs two discrete parameters in the row direction and the column direction; the row direction uses the rainfall threshold to convert the continuous rainfall parameter into the rainfall level discrete parameter, and the column direction uses the principal component analysis method to convert multiple parameters including different environmental and geological conditions into potential level discrete parameters, and finally the early warning matrix is ​​used to obtain the early warning level of the early warning point.

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