High efficiency and energy saving gasification combustion hot air furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast furnace, which includes a combustion part and a heat exchange part. The combustion part includes a main combustion chamber, and a plurality of gasification combustion chambers are arranged in an annular shape around the main combustion chamber. A fire pipe connected to the main combustion chamber is arranged at the middle and lower part of each gasification combustion chamber, and a combustion hot blast cavity is arranged around the main combustion chamber, the gasification combustion chamber and the fire pipe; the heat exchange part includes a heat exchange combustion chamber located at the upper part of the main combustion chamber, and three layers of barrel sleeves are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside of the outer periphery of the heat exchange combustion chamber to form two layers of annular heat exchange air cavity and one layer of annular smoke cavity; a second air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the outer heat exchange air cavity, a second air outlet is arranged at the lower part of the inner heat exchange air cavity, and a smoke outlet is arranged at the lower part of the smoke cavity. It has the characteristics of reasonable structure, convenient use, sufficient combustion, high heat exchange efficiency, low smoke emission pollution, and adaptability to multiple fuels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hot blast stoves, in particular to a high-efficiency energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove. Background Art

[0002] Hot air stoves are widely used in people's production and life. They work by releasing heat from fuel combustion and heating the air through high-temperature flue gas, so that the air temperature reaches the use standard. They are used in heating for daily life, industrial production, thermal curing, grain drying and other fields. The types of hot air stoves are mainly divided into internal combustion, external combustion and top combustion. The overall structure of the hot air stove can be divided into two parts. One part is the combustion part, which is the heat generating part of fuel combustion, and the other part is the heat exchange part, which is a structural device that exchanges the heat carried by the high-temperature gas generated in the combustion chamber with the fresh air from the outside. The fresh air with a lower temperature from the outside is heated and heated to form hot air after heat exchange with the high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber in the heat exchanger.

[0003] At present, most hot blast stoves have two main problems. First, the combustion part is that coal or biomass fuel is directly burned in the combustion chamber, and the smoke and fire enter the heat exchanger. The fuel cannot be fully burned, the calorific value of the fuel cannot be fully utilized, and the flue gas emission pollution is serious. On the other hand, the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange part is small, the heat exchange efficiency is low, the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the flue is high, and the heat is not fully absorbed and utilized. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast furnace, which has the characteristics of reasonable structure, convenient use, sufficient combustion, high heat exchange efficiency, low smoke emission pollution, and adaptability to a variety of fuels.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast furnace, which includes a combustion part and a heat exchange part, and is characterized in that: the combustion part includes a furnace shell composed of a furnace table and a furnace wall, a main combustion chamber is provided in the middle of the furnace shell, and the upper end is higher than the furnace table, and a plurality of gasification combustion chambers are arranged in a ring around the main combustion chamber in the furnace shell, and a fire pipe connected to the main combustion chamber is provided in the middle and lower part of each gasification combustion chamber, and an outer jacket layer is provided around the main combustion chamber, the gasification combustion chamber and the fire pipe, and the outer jacket layer and the main combustion chamber, the gasification combustion chamber and the outer wall of the fire pipe form a combustion hot blast cavity that is interconnected, an annular air supply channel is provided on the furnace wall, and an air supply pipe connecting the air supply channel and the combustion hot blast cavity is provided at the corresponding position of each gasification combustion chamber, and in the supply A first air inlet is provided on the outside of the wind channel, and a first air outlet connected to a combustion hot air chamber is provided at the upper part of the main combustion chamber; the heat exchange part comprises a heat exchange combustion chamber located at the upper part of the main combustion chamber, and a first barrel sleeve, a second barrel sleeve and a third barrel sleeve are sequentially provided on the periphery of the heat exchange combustion chamber from the inside to the outside, an annular inner heat exchange air chamber is formed between the heat exchange combustion chamber and the first barrel sleeve, an annular outer heat exchange air chamber is formed between the second barrel sleeve and the third barrel sleeve, an annular smoke chamber is formed between the first barrel sleeve and the second barrel sleeve, a smoke passage connected to the smoke chamber is provided at the upper part of the heat exchange combustion chamber, an air passage connected to the outer heat exchange air chamber is provided at the upper part of the inner heat exchange air chamber, a second air inlet is provided at the lower part of the outer heat exchange air chamber, a second air outlet is provided at the lower part of the inner heat exchange air chamber, and a smoke outlet is provided at the lower part of the smoke chamber.

[0006] Furthermore, one or more oxygen supply and air distribution ducts connected to the outside of the furnace shell are provided at the bottom of the main combustion chamber. The beneficial effect of adopting this further solution is that the oxygen supply of the main combustion chamber can be increased, the oxygen supply is sufficient, the fuel burns more completely, the thermal efficiency is improved, and the smoke emission pollution is reduced.

[0007] Furthermore, an ash discharge port is provided at the bottom of the main combustion chamber, a flap-type furnace bottom is provided on the ash discharge port, and an operating rod extending to the outside of the furnace shell is provided on the flap-type furnace bottom. The beneficial effect of adopting this further solution is that the oxygen supply of the main combustion chamber can be adjusted to facilitate the discharge of ash.

[0008] Furthermore, a grate is provided at the lower part of the gasification combustion chamber, and an ash-beating device is provided under the grate. The ash-beating device includes an ash-beating rotating shaft extending to the outside of the furnace shell, and the ash-beating rotating shaft is connected with a plurality of ash-beating claws corresponding to the ash-leaking strip holes of the grate. The beneficial effect of adopting this further solution is that it is convenient to remove the slag and ash accumulated on the grate, improve the air permeability of the grate, and is conducive to the gasification and combustion of the fuel in the gasification combustion chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, an air guide plate is provided on the outer wall of the gasification combustion chamber. The beneficial effect of adopting this further solution is that the air flow direction is guided so that the air flow is evenly distributed in the combustion hot air cavity, thereby improving the heat exchange effect.

[0010] Furthermore, heat exchange fins are arranged on the outside of the heat exchange combustion chamber, the first barrel jacket and the second barrel jacket. The beneficial effect of adopting this further solution is to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0011] Further, a heightened fuel bunker and a fuel bunker cover are provided at the upper part of each gasification combustion chamber. The beneficial effect of adopting this further solution is that more fuel can be added at one time, which is more convenient to use.

[0012] Furthermore, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to a blower through three ventilation ducts, and the smoke outlet is connected to an induced draft fan.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) The present invention consists of a combustion part and a heat exchange part, which are two relatively independent parts, and are easy to process, manufacture and transport.

[0015] (2) The combustion part of the present invention includes a main combustion chamber and a plurality of gasification combustion chambers arranged in a ring around the main combustion chamber. The fuel can be biomass fuel or coal. By adopting the gasification combustion method, the fuel can be fully burned, the combustion exhaust temperature is low, the thermal efficiency is high, the smoke emission pollution is small, and it meets the environmental protection requirements of smoke emission. It can also start different numbers of gasification combustion chambers according to heating needs, with large heating power and strong adaptability.

[0016] (3) The heat exchange part of the present invention includes a heat exchange combustion chamber located at the upper part of the main combustion chamber. The first barrel jacket, the second barrel jacket and the third barrel jacket are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside of the heat exchange combustion chamber. The overall structure is compact and reasonable, easy to process and manufacture, the flow path of the smoke chamber and the heat exchange air chamber is long, the heat exchange area is large, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.

[0017] (4) The combustion hot air chamber and the heat exchange air chamber are reasonably designed, and the air flow is balanced and stable, without jets, turbulence, vibration, or noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the high-efficiency energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast furnace of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the combustion part of the present invention from an upper side perspective;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the combustion part of the present invention from the bottom side perspective;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the combustion part of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA section view;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a partially cut-away combustion part of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the gasification combustion chamber of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange part of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 BB cross-section diagram;

[0027] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange part of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-furnace table, 2-furnace wall, 3-main combustion chamber, 4-gasification combustion chamber, 5-fire pipe, 6-jacket layer, 7-combustion hot air chamber, 8-annular air supply channel, 9-air supply pipe, 10-first air inlet, 11-first air outlet, 12-heat exchange combustion chamber, 13-first barrel jacket, 14-second barrel jacket, 15-third barrel jacket, 16-inner heat exchange air chamber, 17-outer heat exchange air chamber, 18-smoke chamber , 19-smoke pipe, 20-air duct, 21-second air inlet, 22-second air outlet, 23-smoke outlet, 24-oxygen supply air duct, 25-ash discharge port, 26-flip-type furnace bottom, 27-operating lever, 28-grate, 29-ash-beating shaft, 30-ash-beating claw, 31-air guide plate, 32-heat exchange fins, 33-fuel bin, 34-fuel bin cover, 35-blower, 36-induced draft fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, a high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast furnace comprises a combustion part and a heat exchange part; the combustion part comprises a furnace shell composed of a furnace table 1 and a furnace wall 2, a main combustion chamber 3 is provided in the middle of the furnace shell with the upper end higher than the furnace table, six gasification combustion chambers 4 are arranged in a ring around the main combustion chamber 3 in the furnace shell, a fire pipe 5 connected to the main combustion chamber 3 is provided in the middle and lower part of each gasification combustion chamber 4, and an outer jacket layer 6 is provided around the main combustion chamber 3, the gasification combustion chamber 4 and the fire pipe 5, and a combustion hot blast cavity 7 connected to each other is formed between the outer jacket layer 6 and the outer walls of the main combustion chamber 3, the gasification combustion chamber 4 and the fire pipe 5, an annular air supply channel 8 is provided on the outside of the furnace wall 2, and an air supply pipe 9 connecting the air supply channel 8 and the combustion hot blast cavity 7 is provided at the corresponding position of each gasification combustion chamber 4, a first air inlet 10 is provided on the outer side of the air supply channel 8, and a first air inlet 10 is provided on the upper part of the main combustion chamber 3. There is a first air outlet 11 connected to the combustion hot air chamber 7; the heat exchange part includes a heat exchange combustion chamber 12 located at the upper part of the main combustion chamber 3, and the periphery of the heat exchange combustion chamber 12 is sequentially provided with a first barrel jacket 13, a second barrel jacket 14 and a third barrel jacket 15 from the inside to the outside, an annular inner heat exchange air chamber 16 is formed between the heat exchange combustion chamber 12 and the first barrel jacket 13, an annular outer heat exchange air chamber 17 is formed between the second barrel jacket 14 and the third barrel jacket 15, and an annular smoke chamber 18 is formed between the first barrel jacket 13 and the second barrel jacket 14. Four smoke pipes 19 connected to the smoke chamber 18 are provided at the upper part of the heat exchange combustion chamber 12, an air pipe 20 connected to the outer heat exchange air chamber 17 is provided at the upper part of the inner heat exchange air chamber 16, a second air inlet 21 is provided at the lower part of the outer heat exchange air chamber 17, a second air outlet 22 is provided at the lower part of the inner heat exchange air chamber 16, and a smoke outlet 23 is provided at the lower part of the smoke chamber 18. At the bottom of the main combustion chamber 3, three oxygen supply and air distribution ducts 24 connected to the outside of the furnace shell are provided. At the bottom of the main combustion chamber 3, an ash discharge port 25 is provided, and a flap-type furnace bottom 26 is provided on the ash discharge port 25. The flap-type furnace bottom 26 is provided with an operating rod 27 extending to the outside of the furnace shell. A grate 28 is provided at the lower part of the gasification combustion chamber 4, and an ash-beating device is provided below the grate 28. The ash-beating device includes an ash-beating shaft 29 extending to the outside of the furnace shell, and the ash-beating shaft 28 is connected to a plurality of ash-beating claws 30 corresponding to the ash-leaking strip holes of the grate 28. An air guide plate 31 is provided on the outer wall of the gasification combustion chamber 4. Heat exchange fins 32 are provided on the outer sides of the heat exchange combustion chamber 12, the first barrel jacket 13 and the second barrel jacket 14. A raised fuel bin 33 and a fuel bin cover 34 are provided on the upper part of each gasification combustion chamber 4. The first air inlet 10 and the second air inlet 21 are connected to a blower 25 through three ventilation ducts, and the smoke outlet 23 is connected to an induced draft fan 36 .

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot air stove, which includes a combustion part and a heat exchange part, characterized in that: The combustion part includes a furnace shell composed of a furnace table and a furnace wall, a main combustion chamber is provided in the middle of the furnace shell with the upper end higher than the furnace table, a plurality of gasification combustion chambers are arranged in a ring around the main combustion chamber in the furnace shell, a fire pipe connected to the main combustion chamber is provided in the middle and lower part of each gasification combustion chamber, an outer jacket layer is provided around the main combustion chamber, the gasification combustion chamber and the fire pipe, and the outer jacket layer and the main combustion chamber, the gasification combustion chamber and the fire pipe form a combustion hot air cavity that is interconnected, an annular air supply channel is provided on the furnace wall, an air supply pipe connecting the air supply channel and the combustion hot air cavity is provided at the corresponding position of each gasification combustion chamber, a first air inlet is provided on the outer side of the air supply channel, and a first air inlet is provided at the upper part of the main combustion chamber. A first air outlet connected to a combustion hot air chamber is provided; the heat exchange part comprises a heat exchange combustion chamber located at the upper part of the main combustion chamber, and a first barrel sleeve, a second barrel sleeve and a third barrel sleeve are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the heat exchange combustion chamber from the inside to the outside, an annular inner heat exchange air chamber is formed between the heat exchange combustion chamber and the first barrel sleeve, an annular outer heat exchange air chamber is formed between the second barrel sleeve and the third barrel sleeve, an annular smoke chamber is formed between the first barrel sleeve and the second barrel sleeve, a smoke passage pipe connected to the smoke chamber is provided at the upper part of the heat exchange combustion chamber, an air passage pipe connected to the outer heat exchange air chamber is provided at the upper part of the inner heat exchange air chamber, a second air inlet is provided at the lower part of the outer heat exchange air chamber, a second air outlet is provided at the lower part of the inner heat exchange air chamber, and a smoke outlet is provided at the lower part of the smoke chamber.

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One or more oxygen supply and air distribution pipes connected to the outside of the furnace shell are arranged at the bottom of the main combustion chamber.

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An ash discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the main combustion chamber, a flap-type furnace bottom is arranged on the ash discharge port, and an operating rod extending to the outside of the furnace shell is arranged on the flap-type furnace bottom.

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A grate is provided at the lower part of the gasification combustion chamber, and an ash-beating device is provided under the grate. The ash-beating device includes an ash-beating shaft extending to the outside of the furnace shell, and the ash-beating shaft is connected with a plurality of ash-beating claws corresponding to the ash-leaking bar holes of the grate.

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An air guide plate is arranged on the outer wall of the gasification combustion chamber.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Heat exchange fins are arranged on the outside of the heat exchange combustion chamber, the first barrel jacket and the second barrel jacket.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to claim 6, characterized in that: A raised fuel bunker and a fuel bunker cover are provided on the top of each gasification combustion chamber.

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving gasification combustion hot blast stove according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to a blower through three ventilation ducts, and the smoke outlet is connected to an induced draft fan.

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