A surface heat treatment device

Abstract

This invention discloses a surface heat treatment apparatus, including a support assembly and several reflectors. The support assembly includes a mirror base and a workpiece fixing component. The workpiece fixing component is mounted on the mirror base and is used to fix the workpiece. The reflectors are mounted on the mirror base, are annular in shape, and surround the workpiece fixing component. The reflectors have annularly arranged inclined mirror surfaces that are inclined upwards from the inside out, so that incident light is reflected from the inclined mirror surfaces to the workpiece surface. This surface heat treatment apparatus uses annular reflectors to surround the workpiece layer by layer. The light reflected by each reflector irradiates the workpiece surface, allowing the workpiece to be baked, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The annular reflectors ensure that the workpiece is heated from all directions (360°) with uniform energy density, thereby improving workpiece quality. By setting multiple annular reflectors, the energy density of the reflected light irradiating the workpiece surface is increased, meeting the temperature requirements of the workpiece and improving the efficiency of surface heat treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface heat treatment technology, and in particular to a surface heat treatment apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing industrial system, most parts are machined by lathes, forming cylindrical, conical, and other rotary shapes. To improve the mechanical properties of materials, surface heat treatment is usually performed on the parts. Since surface heat treatment is an energy-intensive process, solar focusing technology is used to perform surface heat treatment on parts to reduce energy consumption and benefit the environment.

[0003] Existing solar energy focusing technologies include point focusing and line focusing. Point focusing technology has a small focal spot and very high energy density, but when applied to the surface of a workpiece, it can directly burn the workpiece. Line focusing technology, on the other hand, has a lower energy density, which cannot reach the required temperature of the workpiece. Furthermore, line focusing technology can only expose one side of the workpiece to light while the other side is in shadow, requiring the workpiece to be rotated to avoid uneven heating. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a surface heat treatment device that can achieve 360° all-round heating of the workpiece, with high and uniform energy density, improve workpiece quality and surface heat treatment efficiency, and save energy and protect the environment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A surface heat treatment apparatus, comprising

[0007] The support assembly includes a mirror base and a workpiece fixing component, wherein the workpiece fixing component is mounted on the mirror base and is used to fix the workpiece.

[0008] A plurality of reflectors are mounted on the mirror base. The reflectors are ring-shaped and surround the workpiece fixing component. Each reflector has an inclined mirror surface arranged in a ring shape. The inclined mirror surface is inclined upward from the inside out so that incident light is reflected by the inclined mirror surface to the workpiece surface.

[0009] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described methods, the reflected light rays from the tilted mirror converge to form a focal line. The vertical height between the bottom end of the focal line and the mirror base is f1, the vertical height between the top end of the focal line and the mirror base is f2, and the angle between the tilted mirror and the upper surface of the mirror base is α. n The angle between the light reflected by the tilted mirror and the upper surface of the mirror base is β. n The vertical height between the outer side of the tilted mirror and the mirror base is X. nThe horizontal distance between the inner side of the tilted mirror and the focal line is R. n The width of the tilted mirror is d. n ,in,

[0010] a)α n =(90°-β) n )) / 2;

[0011] b)X n =(2*tan2α) n -R n )*tanα n *tanβ n / (tanα n +tanβ n );

[0012] c)d n =X n / sinα n ;

[0013] d)R n+1 =(f1 / (f1-X) n ))*(R n +X n / tanα n );

[0014] n represents the nth mirror from the inside out, and n+1 represents the (n+1)th mirror from the inside out.

[0015] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described implementations, an azimuth adjustment device is included, which is used to drive the support assembly to rotate in order to adapt to changes in the solar azimuth angle.

[0016] In conjunction with the above implementation methods, some implementations of the present invention further include an altitude angle adjustment device, which is used to drive the support assembly to swing to adapt to changes in the solar altitude angle.

[0017] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described implementations, the azimuth adjustment device includes an azimuth rotation motor, and the elevation adjustment device includes an elevation rotation motor.

[0018] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above implementations, a first bracket is provided at the bottom of the mirror base. The first bracket is U-shaped, and a second bracket is provided on both sides of the mirror base. The second bracket is fixedly connected to a hinge shaft, which is arranged laterally. The two ends of the first bracket are rotatably connected to the second bracket through the hinge shaft. The elevation angle rotary motor is mounted on the first bracket and is connected to the hinge shaft through a transmission assembly. The output end of the azimuth angle rotary motor is connected to the first bracket.

[0019] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described implementations, the transmission assembly includes a first gear and a second gear that mesh with each other. The first gear is connected to the output end of the elevation angle rotary motor, and the second gear is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft.

[0020] In conjunction with the above implementation methods, some implementations of the present invention further include a first microcontroller and a second microcontroller, wherein the first microcontroller is used to control the rotational speed of the elevation angle rotary motor, and the second microcontroller is used to control the rotational speed of the azimuth angle rotary motor.

[0021] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described implementations, the workpiece fixing component includes a clamp having an opening for placing the workpiece.

[0022] In some implementations of the present invention, in conjunction with the above-described implementations, the mirror base has a rectangular frame, in which a third support and a fourth support are intersected, and the workpiece fixing component is installed at the intersection of the third support and the fourth support.

[0023] One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: the surface heat treatment device of the technical solution uses ring-shaped reflectors to surround the workpiece layer by layer, and the light reflected by each reflector is irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece to bake the workpiece, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly; the ring-shaped reflectors can ensure that the workpiece is heated in all directions of 360° with uniform energy density, so as to improve the quality of the workpiece; by setting multiple ring-shaped reflectors, the energy density of the reflected light irradiated on the surface of the workpiece is increased, the temperature requirements of the workpiece are met, and the efficiency of surface heat treatment is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one embodiment is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of one embodiment is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a reflector, a mirror mount, and a workpiece fixing component is shown in one embodiment.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a numerical example diagram of the parameters of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In this invention, when directions (up, down, left, right, front, and back) are described, it is only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention, and does not indicate or imply that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0033] In this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc., are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," "within," etc., are understood to include the stated number. In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection capable of mutual communication; or the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0035] See Figure 1 and Figure 3This invention provides a surface heat treatment apparatus, including a support assembly and a plurality of reflectors 1. The support assembly includes a mirror base 2 and a workpiece fixing component 3. The workpiece fixing component 3 is mounted on the mirror base 2 and is used to fix a workpiece 4. The reflectors 1 are mounted on the mirror base 2 and are annular in shape, surrounding the workpiece fixing component 3; that is, the workpiece fixing component 3 is located inside each reflector 1, and the outer reflectors 1 surround the inner reflectors 1. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 4 The reflector 1 has an inclined mirror surface 11 arranged in a ring shape. The inclined mirror surface 11 is inclined upward from the inside out so that the incident light is reflected by the inclined mirror surface 11 to the surface of the workpiece 4.

[0036] The surface heat treatment device of this technical solution uses annular reflectors 1 to surround the workpiece 4 layer by layer. The light reflected by each reflector 1 is irradiated onto the surface of the workpiece 4, so that the workpiece 4 is baked, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The annular reflectors 1 can ensure that the workpiece 4 can be heated in all directions of 360° with uniform energy density, thereby improving the quality of the workpiece 4. By setting multiple annular reflectors 1, the energy density of the reflected light irradiating the surface of the workpiece 4 is increased, the temperature requirements of the workpiece 4 are met, and the efficiency of surface heat treatment is improved.

[0037] See Figure 5 In some embodiments, the reflected light rays from the tilted mirror 11 converge to form a focal line AB. Placing the workpiece 4 at the focal line AB position allows for uniform and efficient heat treatment of the workpiece 4's surface. The focal line AB is perpendicular to the upper surface of the mirror base 2. The vertical distance between the bottom of the focal line AB and the mirror base 2 is f1, and the vertical distance between the top of the focal line AB and the mirror base 2 is f2. The angle between the tilted mirror 11 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2 is α. n The angle between the light reflected by the tilted mirror 11 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2 is β. n The vertical height between the outer side of the tilted mirror 11 and the mirror base 2 is X. n The horizontal distance between the inner side of the tilted mirror 11 and the focal line is R. n The width of the tilted mirror 11 is d. n ,in,

[0038] a)α n =(90°-β) n )) / 2;

[0039] b)X n =(2*tan2α) n -R n )*tanα n *tanβ n / (tanα n +tanβ n );

[0040] c)d n =X n / sinα n ;

[0041] d)R n+1 =(f1 / (f1-X) n ))*(R n +X n / tanα n );

[0042] n represents the nth reflector 1 from the inside out, and n+1 represents the (n+1)th reflector 1 from the inside out.

[0043] Specifically, to ensure that the light rays reflected by each mirror 1 converge to the same focal line AB, thereby increasing the energy density of the light, the values ​​of each parameter can be calculated according to the above formula, and the angle α between the tilted mirror 11 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2 is obtained. n The width of the tilted mirror 11 is d n And the positions of each reflector 1, in order to arrange each reflector 1. The derivation process of its arrangement is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, let R be the distance OC between the inner side of the nth tilted mirror 11 and the center line OA of the tilted mirror 11. n To ensure that all reflected light rays are evenly distributed onto the surface of workpiece 4, line segment AB is set as the focal line, such that the focal line AB and the center line OA of mirror 1 are on the same straight line. That is, the horizontal distance between the inner side of the nth tilted mirror 11 and the focal line is R. n Let R be the distance OD between the inner side of the (n+1)th tilted mirror 11 and the center line OA of the tilted mirror 11. n+1 That is, the horizontal distance between the inner side of the (n+1)th tilted mirror 11 and the focal line is R. n+1 CF and DG are mirror surfaces, HC and JF are perpendicular incident rays, CB and FA are the corresponding reflected rays, and CN is the normal to the tilted mirror 11.

[0044] Let α be the angle ∠CFD between the nth tilted mirror 11 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2. n The angle between the (n+1)th tilted mirror 11 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2 is α. n+1Since AF and BC are reflected by the same tilted mirror 11, the reflected ray AF is parallel to BC. Similarly, the reflected ray AG is parallel to BD, indicating that the rays reflected by each tilted mirror 11 can be evenly distributed on the focal line AB. The auxiliary line FK is perpendicular to B0 and intersects B0 at point K, and the reflected ray AF is extended to intersect CD at M. Since the position of the focal line AB is generally determined by engineers based on the actual site space, and the length of the focal line AB is determined based on the dimensions of the workpiece 4, the height and length of the focal line AB are known parameters, that is, line segments B0 and AB are known. Let BO = f1, AO = f2, and let the angle ∠BCO between the ray reflected by the tilted mirror 11 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2 be β. n .

[0045] From geometric relationships, we know that:

[0046] (1)α n =(90°-β) n ) / 2;

[0047] (2)∠OAM=2α n ;

[0048] (3)OM=f2*tan(2α n ) = R n +Cl+l M=R n +(Fl / tanα n )+(Fl / tanβ n )

[0049] (4) CF=FI / sinα n ;

[0050] Therefore, when R n The above equation can only be closed if the numbers are known.

[0051] And in deriving the position of the next reflector 1, i.e., R n+1 When determining the parameter values, since triangle OBD is similar to triangle KFB, we have KF / OD = BK / BO, that is...

[0052] OI / R n +1=(f1-FI) / f1, and OI=R n +(FI / sinα n ), and ask for R. n+1 There are still two unknowns R in the two formulas. n FI, and as can be deduced from the previous steps, FI is R. n The function can eliminate FI. Therefore, when finding R... n At the same time, the position R of the next tilted mirror 11 can also be determined. n+1Therefore, knowing the position of the first tilted mirror 11, we can know the position of the second tilted mirror 11. The third tilted mirror 11 is the next tilted mirror 11 relative to the second tilted mirror 11. Thus, we can continue to deduce the positions of all tilted mirrors 11 until the number of tilted mirrors 11 can meet the light intensity requirements of heat treatment.

[0053] Let X be the vertical height between the outer side of the tilted mirror 11 and the mirror base 2. n The width of the tilted mirror 11 is d n Then, formulas (1) to (4) in the above derivation can be transformed into:

[0054] a)α n =(90°-β) n )) / 2;

[0055] b)X n =(2*tan2α) n -R n )*tanα n *tanβ n / (tanα n +tanβ n );

[0056] c)d n =X n / sinα n ;

[0057] d)R n+1 =(f1 / (f1-X) n ))*(R n +X n / tanα n );

[0058] Where, tanβ n =f1 / R n By assigning an initial value R1, the position, length, and tilt angle of the inclined mirror 11 from the first to the nth surface can be iteratively determined. The inclined mirror 11 has a central axis symmetric shape. The inclined mirror 11 is formed by rotating the line segment determined by the above equations around the center line OA to form an inclined mirror 11 that tilts upward from the inside out, which can ensure that the workpiece 4 is uniformly heated by light.

[0059] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 Taking a focal length of 50cm and a height of 100cm between the workpiece fixing component 3 and the upper surface of the mirror base 2, i.e., the vertical height f1 between the bottom of the focal length and the mirror base 2 is 100cm, and the distance R1 = 20cm between the first reflecting mirror 1 and the center OA of the tilted mirror surface 11, as an example, the above equation is applied. Figure 5As shown, CF is the first reflecting mirror 1, R1 = 20.

[0060] From the formula tanβ n =f1 / R n We can calculate β1 = 78.69°;

[0061] From the formula (90°-arctan(f)) n / R n )) / 2=α n Calculate α1 = 5.65°;

[0062] From formula X n =(2*tan2α) n -R n )*tanαn*tanβ n / (tanα n +tanβ n ), calculate X1 = 0.97 cm;

[0063] From formula d n =X n / sinα n Find d1 = 9.8 cm;

[0064] Then the position R1 of the first mirror, the width d1 of the mirror surface, and the angle α1 between the first mirror and the mirror base 2 can all be calculated. And from equation R... n+1 =(f1 / (f1-X) n ))*(R n +X n / tanα n The position R2 of the second mirror 1 can be determined. Repeating the above steps, all information about the second mirror 1 can be obtained. The information for the remaining mirrors can be derived similarly, and the final result is as follows: Figure 6 The diagram shows an example of parameters for a total of 6 reflecting mirrors 1. In practical applications, the initial conditions can be changed according to actual needs, i.e., the focal length, f1, and R1 parameter values ​​can be modified.

[0065] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the surface heat treatment apparatus includes an azimuth angle adjustment device for driving the support assembly to rotate to adapt to changes in the solar azimuth angle, ensuring that incident light can be perpendicularly incident on each tilted mirror 11, so that the reflected light converges at the focal line to achieve the purpose of precise light projection.

[0066] See Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments, the surface heat treatment apparatus further includes an elevation angle adjustment device, which is used to drive the support assembly to swing to adapt to changes in the solar elevation angle, ensuring that the incident light can be perpendicularly incident on each tilted mirror 11, so that the reflected light converges at the focal line to achieve the purpose of precise light projection.

[0067] Both the azimuth adjustment device and the elevation adjustment device can be driven by rotary motors, rotary hydraulic cylinders, rack and pinion mechanisms, crank-connecting rods, or other rotary drive methods. In some embodiments, the azimuth adjustment device includes an azimuth rotary motor 51, and the elevation adjustment device includes an elevation rotary motor 52.

[0068] In some embodiments, the surface heat treatment apparatus further includes a first microcontroller and a second microcontroller. The first microcontroller controls the rotational speed of the elevation angle rotary motor 52, and the second microcontroller controls the rotational speed of the azimuth angle rotary motor 51. The first microcontroller sets relevant parameters according to the local latitude, so that the elevation angle rotary motor 52 automatically adjusts its rotational speed according to the date to adapt to changes in the solar elevation angle, thereby achieving precise control of the swing angle of the surface heat treatment apparatus. The second microcontroller adjusts its speed according to different latitudes and longitudes, as well as different dates and times, to adapt to changes in the solar azimuth angle, thereby achieving precise control of the rotational angle of the surface heat treatment apparatus. By tracking the solar elevation angle and azimuth angle, it is ensured that sunlight is always perpendicular to the tilted mirror 11.

[0069] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the bottom of the mirror base 2 is provided with a first bracket 21, which is U-shaped. Second brackets 22 are provided on both sides of the mirror base 2. The second brackets 22 are fixedly connected to a hinge shaft 23, which is arranged laterally. The two ends of the first bracket 21 are rotatably connected to the second brackets 22 via the hinge shaft 23. An elevation angle rotary motor 52 is mounted on the first bracket 21 and is connected to the hinge shaft 23 via a transmission assembly. The output end of the azimuth angle rotary motor 51 is connected to the first bracket 21. The azimuth angle rotary motor 51 drives the surface heat treatment device to rotate via the first bracket 21, thus adjusting the azimuth angle. The elevation angle rotary motor 52 drives the hinge shaft 23 to rotate via the transmission assembly, thereby causing the second bracket 22 to swing, thus adjusting the swing amplitude of the mirror base 2 and completing the elevation angle adjustment.

[0070] Transmission components can employ belt drives, gear drives, screw drives, chain drives, etc. See also... Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a first gear 61 and a second gear 62 that mesh with each other. The first gear 61 is connected to the output end of the height angle rotary motor 52, and the second gear 62 is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft 23. The gear transmission has high precision and high efficiency, and can drive the mirror base 2 to swing at a preset angle.

[0071] See Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, the workpiece fixing component 3 includes a clamp having an opening 31 for placing the workpiece 4. It is understood that the clamp may be a three-jaw chuck, vise, indexing head, etc., to facilitate adjustment of the size of the opening 31 to accommodate workpieces 4 of different sizes.

[0072] See Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the mirror mount 2 has a rectangular frame 24, in which a third support 25 and a fourth support 26 are intersected. The workpiece fixing component 3 is installed at the intersection of the third support 25 and the fourth support 26, and each reflector 1 is installed on the rectangular frame 24, the third support 25, and the fourth support 26. The structural design of the rectangular frame 24 can reduce the weight of the overall structure and facilitate the angle adjustment of the azimuth angle adjustment device and the elevation angle adjustment device.

[0073] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "example," "embodiment," or "some embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A surface heat treatment apparatus, characterized in that, include: A support assembly includes a mirror base and a workpiece fixing component, wherein the workpiece fixing component is mounted on the mirror base and is used to fix the workpiece. A plurality of reflecting mirrors are mounted on the mirror base. The reflecting mirrors are annular and surround the workpiece fixing component. Each reflecting mirror has an annularly arranged inclined mirror surface, which is inclined upwards and outwards to reflect incident light rays to the workpiece surface. The reflected light rays converge to form a focal line, and the bottom end of the focal line is vertically aligned with the mirror base at a height of [missing information]. The vertical height between the top of the focal line and the lens mount is The angle between the tilted mirror and the upper surface of the mirror base is... The angle between the light reflected by the tilted mirror and the upper surface of the mirror base is... The vertical height between the outer side of the tilted mirror and the mirror base is The horizontal distance between the inner side of the tilted mirror and the focal line is The width of the tilted mirror is ,in, = (90°- )) / 2； =(2*tan2 - )*so *so / (so +tan ); = / sin ; =( / ( - ))*( + / tan ); n represents the nth mirror from the inside out, and n+1 represents the (n+1)th mirror from the inside out.

2. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes an azimuth adjustment device, which is used to drive the support assembly to rotate to adapt to changes in the solar azimuth angle.

3. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an altitude angle adjustment device, which is used to drive the support assembly to swing to adapt to changes in the solar altitude angle.

4. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The azimuth adjustment device includes an azimuth rotation motor, and the altitude adjustment device includes an altitude rotation motor.

5. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the mirror base is provided with a first bracket, which is U-shaped. The mirror base is provided with a second bracket on both sides. The second bracket is fixedly connected to a hinge shaft, which is arranged in a horizontal direction. The two ends of the first bracket are rotatably connected to the second bracket through the hinge shaft. The elevation angle rotary motor is installed on the first bracket and is connected to the hinge shaft through a transmission component. The output end of the azimuth angle rotary motor is connected to the first bracket.

6. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a first gear and a second gear that mesh with each other. The first gear is connected to the output end of the elevation angle rotary motor, and the second gear is fixedly connected to the hinge shaft.

7. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a first microcontroller and a second microcontroller, wherein the first microcontroller is used to control the speed of the elevation angle rotary motor, and the second microcontroller is used to control the speed of the azimuth angle rotary motor.

8. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece fixing component includes a clamp having an opening for placing the workpiece.

9. The surface heat treatment apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mirror base has a rectangular frame, in which a third bracket and a fourth bracket are arranged at intersections, and the workpiece fixing component is installed at the intersection of the third bracket and the fourth bracket.

Images