A multifunctional track inspection vehicle

Abstract

A multifunctional track inspection vehicle comprises a trolley, a gauge ruler, an ultra-elevation detector, a first prism measuring device, a second prism measuring device and a third prism measuring device. The frame of the trolley is a T-shaped structure, and the frame comprises a crossbeam and a longitudinal beam. The gauge ruler is located between the left rail and the right rail, and the gauge ruler is connected to the crossbeam to measure the distance between the inner side of the left rail and the inner side of the right rail. The ultra-elevation detector is installed on the crossbeam to measure the elevation of the rail surface. The first prism measuring device is installed at the center of the gauge ruler to measure the center of the line. The second prism measuring device is installed on the longitudinal beam to measure the standard gauge. The third prism measuring device is installed on the longitudinal beam to measure the center of the rail. An ultra-elevation prism rod is arranged at the position of the crossbeam directly above the nylon wheel, and an ultra-elevation prism is installed on the ultra-elevation prism rod. This design not only has high measurement accuracy and high work efficiency, but also has low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of track detection, and in particular to a multifunctional track detection vehicle, which is mainly suitable for improving measurement accuracy, improving work efficiency and reducing costs. Background Art

[0002] Since the traditional ballasted track measurement operation is to place the prism rod in the center of the rail for measurement, the placement position is estimated by the staff, with large errors, and the prism group is also carried by the staff, which is laborious; at the same time, the prism bracket is not easy to land on the ballast, so the placement speed is slow, and the staff often bends over, the labor intensity is high and it is easy to get tired, so the overall operation efficiency is low. At the same time, the track fine-tuning requires the use of a fine-tuning trolley, which is expensive and has high rental fees. In addition, the rapid development of railways has led to a large demand for fine-tuning trolleys, so the detection cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and problems of low measurement accuracy, low working efficiency and high cost in the prior art, and to provide a multifunctional track inspection vehicle with high measurement accuracy, high working efficiency and low cost.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a multifunctional track inspection vehicle, comprising a traveling trolley, a track gauge measuring ruler, a first prism measuring device, a second prism measuring device and a third prism measuring device;

[0005] The walking trolley includes a frame and a push rod. The frame is a T-shaped structure. The frame includes a crossbeam and a longitudinal beam. A nylon wheel is arranged at the bottom of one end of the crossbeam. The nylon wheel is arranged on the left steel rail. The other end of the crossbeam is vertically connected to the longitudinal beam. The longitudinal beam is located directly above the right steel rail. Steel groove wheels are arranged at the bottom of both ends of the longitudinal beam. The steel groove wheels are clamped on the right steel rail. The push rod is connected to the crossbeam;

[0006] The track gauge measuring ruler is located between the left rail and the right rail, and the track gauge measuring ruler is connected to the crossbeam, and is used to measure the distance between the inner side surface of the left rail and the inner side surface of the right rail;

[0007] The first prism measuring device is installed at the exact center of the track gauge measuring ruler and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the center of the line;

[0008] The second prism measuring device is installed on the longitudinal beam and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the standard track gauge;

[0009] The third prism measuring device is installed on the longitudinal beam and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the center of the rail;

[0010] A super-high prism rod is arranged at a position of the crossbeam just above the nylon wheel, and a super-high prism is installed on the super-high prism rod.

[0011] The walking trolley also includes a brake device, which includes a brake handle, a brake lever and a brake shoe. One end of the brake lever is connected to a brake pull pin, and the other end of the brake lever is connected to the brake handle through a brake line. The brake handle is connected to a hand push rod. The brake lever is hinged to a brake lever base, and the brake lever base is connected to the top of a brake wheel cover plate. The bottom of the brake wheel cover plate is connected to a longitudinal beam. The bottom of the brake wheel cover plate is connected to a wheel bracket. The brake pull pin passes through the brake wheel cover plate and the wheel bracket in sequence and is connected to the brake shoe. The brake shoe is located directly above the steel groove wheel, and the two ends of the steel groove wheel are respectively connected to the two sides of the wheel bracket. A brake guide pin is provided on the brake shoe, and the brake guide pin passes through the wheel bracket and the brake wheel cover plate in sequence and then extends out. A No. 2 spring is provided on the brake guide pin at a position between the brake shoe and the wheel bracket.

[0012] The track gauge ruler comprises a base plate, a No. 1 rack and a No. 2 rack. An intermediate gear is arranged at the exact center of the base plate. A No. 1 mounting groove and a No. 2 mounting groove are respectively arranged at the parts of the base plate located on both sides of the intermediate gear. The No. 1 rack is arranged in the No. 1 mounting groove. The No. 1 rack is meshed with the intermediate gear. A mounting column is arranged at one end of the No. 1 rack. A No. 1 spring is mounted on the mounting column. The No. 1 spring is fixed in the No. 1 mounting groove by a spring pressure block. The other end of the No. 1 rack is connected to an electrically insulating bearing through an electrically insulating bearing seat. A scale is arranged on the No. 1 rack. The No. 2 rack is arranged in the No. 2 mounting groove, the No. 2 rack is meshed with the intermediate gear, a mounting column is arranged at one end of the No. 2 rack, a No. 1 spring is mounted on the mounting column, the No. 1 spring is fixed in the No. 2 mounting groove through a spring pressure block, the other end of the No. 2 rack is connected with an electrically insulating bearing through an electrically insulating bearing seat, a pointer A is arranged on the No. 2 rack, the electrically insulating bearings of the No. 1 rack and the No. 2 rack are in contact with the inner side surfaces of the left rail and the right rail respectively, the bottom plate, the No. 1 rack and the No. 2 rack are all equipped with support frames, and the support frames are connected to the crossbeam.

[0013] The support frame includes a base, a rack cover and a mounting plate. The base is a U-shaped structure, and the base is mounted on the bottom plate, the first rack and the second rack. The inner bottom surface of the base is provided with a lower ball roller, and the lower ball roller cooperates with the slide groove on the lower end surface of the bottom plate, the first rack and the second rack. Both inner side surfaces of the base are provided with roller needles that contact the two side surfaces of the bottom plate, the first rack and the second rack. The rack cover is connected to the top of the base, and the bottom surface of the rack cover is provided with an upper ball roller, and the upper ball roller cooperates with the slide groove on the upper end surface of the bottom plate, the first rack and the second rack. The mounting plate is an L-shaped structure, and a fixing hole connected to the crossbeam is opened on the horizontal plate of the mounting plate, and the vertical plate of the mounting plate is connected to the base.

[0014] The No. 1 prism measuring device includes a No. 1 prism, a No. 1 prism rod, a pressure block, a universal ball head and a universal ball support. One end of the No. 1 prism rod is connected to the No. 1 prism, and the other end of the No. 1 prism rod is connected to the pressure block. The pressure block is fixed on the bottom plate at a position directly above the intermediate gear. A mounting through hole is provided in the middle of the universal ball support. The universal ball support is connected to the top of the pressure block. A conical hole coaxial with the mounting through hole is provided on the top of the pressure block. The universal ball head includes a rod body and a universal ball. The rod body is connected to the No. 1 prism rod. The universal ball is located in the mounting through hole, and the bottom of the universal ball is located in the conical hole. An adjustment threaded hole communicating with the mounting through hole is provided on the side of the universal ball support. A butterfly bolt is installed in the adjustment threaded hole, and the butterfly bolt rests on the universal ball.

[0015] The No. 2 prism measuring device includes a No. 2 prism rod, a mounting base, a pressure plate and a limit plate. The mounting base is located directly above the right rail. The left end of the mounting base is arranged on the pressure plate. A No. 3 spring is arranged between the left end surface of the mounting base and the pressure plate. The pressure plate is connected to the longitudinal beam. A No. 1 rolling bearing is arranged at the bottom of the left end of the mounting base. The No. 1 rolling bearing is located on the inner side of the right rail, and the No. 1 rolling bearing is in contact with the inner side surface of the right rail. The right end of the mounting base is arranged on the limit plate. The limit plate is connected to the longitudinal beam. A pair of No. 2 rolling bearings are arranged at the bottom of the right end of the mounting base. The No. 2 rolling bearings are located on the inner side of the right rail, and the No. 1 rolling bearing is in contact with the inner side surface of the right rail. On the outer side of the right rail, a No. 1 mounting hole is opened on the mounting base at the edge of the No. 1 rolling bearing, a No. 1 joint bearing is arranged in the No. 1 mounting hole, a No. 1 prism rod joint is inserted in the No. 1 joint bearing, the No. 1 prism rod joint is connected to one end of the No. 2 prism rod, the other end of the No. 2 prism rod is connected to the No. 2 prism, a No. 1 universal bracket is connected between the No. 2 prism rod and the cross beam, a No. 2 universal bracket is connected between the No. 2 prism rod and the longitudinal beam, a universal ball bearing is arranged at the bottom of the mounting base, the universal ball bearing is in contact with the top surface of the right rail, and a handle is arranged on the top of the mounting base.

[0016] The pressure plate is a Z-shaped structure, and the pressure plate includes a No. 1 vertical plate and a No. 1 horizontal plate and a No. 2 horizontal plate vertically connected at both ends thereof. The No. 1 horizontal plate is connected to the longitudinal beam, and the No. 2 horizontal plate is located below the mounting base. A No. 1 limiting groove is provided on the No. 2 horizontal plate, and a rolling bearing pin is provided in the No. 1 limiting groove. One end of the rolling bearing pin is connected to the No. 1 rolling bearing, and the other end of the rolling bearing pin is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting base. A through hole is provided on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin along its radial direction, and a mounting groove is provided on the left end face of the mounting base. One end of the No. 3 spring is installed in the mounting groove, and the other end of the No. 3 spring is against the No. 1 vertical plate;

[0017] The limit plate is a U-shaped structure, and the limit plate includes a No. 2 vertical plate and a No. 3 and a No. 4 horizontal plate vertically connected at both ends thereof. The No. 3 horizontal plate is located above the mounting base, and the No. 3 horizontal plate is connected to the longitudinal beam. The No. 4 horizontal plate is located below the mounting base. A No. 2 limit groove is provided on the No. 4 horizontal plate, and a rolling bearing pin is provided in the No. 2 limit groove. One end of the rolling bearing pin is connected to the No. 2 rolling bearing, and the other end of the rolling bearing pin is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting base. A through hole is provided on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin along its radial direction, and a reinforcing plate is connected between the No. 3 horizontal plate and the No. 4 horizontal plate.

[0018] The No. 3 prism measuring device includes a No. 3 prism, a No. 3 prism rod and a joint bearing seat. A No. 2 mounting hole is opened in the middle of the joint bearing seat, and a No. 2 joint bearing is arranged in the No. 2 mounting hole. Limiting holes are opened on both sides of the joint bearing seat, and bolts are arranged in the limiting holes. The bolts support the No. 2 joint bearing. The joint bearing seat is located directly above the right rail, and the joint bearing seat is connected to the longitudinal beam. One end of the No. 3 prism rod is connected to the No. 3 prism, and the center of the No. 3 prism coincides with the center of the right rail. The other end of the No. 3 prism rod is threadedly connected to one end of the No. 2 prism rod joint, and the other end of the No. 2 prism rod joint is inserted in the No. 2 joint bearing. A No. 3 universal bracket is connected between the No. 3 prism rod and the crossbeam.

[0019] An ultra-high detector is arranged on the crossbeam, and the ultra-high detector includes a gearbox support plate, a gearbox, a balance block, a dial and a pointer B. The bottom of the gearbox support plate is connected to the crossbeam, the gearbox is arranged on the back of the gearbox support plate, the balance block is arranged on the back of the gearbox, and the dial is arranged on the front of the gearbox support plate. A first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft and a third connecting shaft are arranged inside the gearbox, one end of the first connecting shaft passes through the gearbox and is connected to the balance block, and the other end of the first connecting shaft is connected to the gearbox, a first gear is mounted on the outer wall of the first connecting shaft, and the second connecting shaft is mounted on the outer wall of the first connecting shaft. Both ends of the connecting shaft are connected to the gearbox, a second gear and a third gear are mounted on the outer wall of the second connecting shaft, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, one end of the third connecting shaft is connected to pointer B after passing through the gearbox, the other end of the third connecting shaft is connected to the gearbox, a fourth gear meshed with the third gear is mounted on the outer wall of the third connecting shaft, the balancing block is in the shape of a double kidney, the balancing block includes a left kidney plate, a right kidney plate and a connecting plate, the left and right sides of the connecting plate are respectively connected to the left kidney plate and the right kidney plate, the connecting plate is connected to the first connecting shaft, and horizontal bubbles are arranged on the left kidney plate and the right kidney plate.

[0020] The dial includes a dial cover and a dial, one end of the dial cover is inserted on the gearbox support plate, and the other end of the dial cover is provided with a transparent protective cover, and the dial is connected to the inner wall of the dial cover, and threaded holes are provided on the left and right sides of the gearbox support plate, and ball-shaped positioning screws and adjusting bolts are sequentially provided in the threaded holes, one end of the ball-shaped positioning screw is connected to the adjusting bolt, and an annular groove is provided on the outer wall of the dial cover along the circumferential direction, and the other end of the ball-shaped positioning screw is located in the annular groove.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In a multifunctional track inspection vehicle of the present invention, a nylon wheel is arranged at the bottom of one end of the crossbeam, and the other end of the crossbeam is vertically connected to the longitudinal beam. The longitudinal beam is located directly above the right rail, and steel groove wheels are arranged at the bottom of both ends of the longitudinal beam. The frame of the above structure not only solves the problem of wheel suspension, but also solves the insulation problem of the left and right rails; the gauge measuring ruler is used to measure the distance between the inner side of the left rail and the inner side of the right rail, the No. 1 prism measuring device is used to measure the line center, the No. 2 prism measuring device is used to measure the standard gauge, and the No. 3 prism measuring device is used to measure the center of the rail; in the track fine-tuning stage, the super-high prism is used to measure the absolute elevation; the inspection vehicle of the above design not only has high measurement accuracy, high work efficiency, and low cost, but also has good stability and good safety. Therefore, the present invention has high measurement accuracy, high work efficiency, low cost, good stability, and good safety.

[0023] 2. In a multifunctional track inspection vehicle of the present invention, when the trolley is moving, the brake handle is pressed, and the brake handle controls the movement of the brake lever through the brake line, and the brake lever drives the brake pin to move upward, thereby separating the brake shoe from the steel groove wheel; when the trolley needs to stop for measurement, the brake handle is released, and at this time, under the action of the spring, the brake shoe is reset and fits the steel groove wheel. The above design not only has a good braking effect, but also is easy to operate. Therefore, the present invention has high reliability and is easy to operate.

[0024] 3. In a multifunctional track inspection vehicle of the present invention, when measuring the track gauge, two electrically insulating bearings are respectively against the inner sides of the left and right rails. When the track gauge changes, the rack becomes longer or shorter through the intermediate gear under the action of the spring, and the bottom plate also slides left and right at the same time. Then, the reading is directly read according to the scale and the pointer, thereby realizing continuous linear measurement of the track gauge, which not only improves the work efficiency but also improves the measurement accuracy. When measuring the track gauge, the prism is always in the center of the left and right rails, thus solving the problem of prism centering. Then, the prism rod is manually adjusted to center the bubble. The prism rod is kept in a vertical position under the action of the pressure block, and then the line can be measured using a total station. The center spatial position is measured, and finally the spatial position of the track is adjusted according to the measured value; the support frame includes a base, a rack cover plate and a mounting plate, the base is a U-shaped structure, the inner bottom surface of the base is provided with a lower ball, the two inner side surfaces of the base are provided with needle rollers, the rack cover plate is connected to the top of the base, the bottom surface of the rack cover plate is provided with an upper ball, the mounting plate is an L-shaped structure, the horizontal plate of the mounting plate is provided with a fixing hole connected to the crossbeam, and the vertical plate of the mounting plate is connected to the base. The support frame of the above structure not only enables the track gauge ruler to slide reliably left and right, improves the working reliability of the track gauge ruler, but also reduces the difficulty of disassembling and assembling the track gauge ruler. Therefore, the present invention not only improves the measurement accuracy, improves the work efficiency, and reduces the cost, but also has high reliability and is easy to install and disassemble.

[0025] 4. In a multifunctional track inspection vehicle of the present invention, the left end of the mounting base is arranged on a pressure plate, a spring is arranged between the left end surface of the mounting base and the pressure plate, a No. 1 rolling bearing is arranged at the bottom of the left end of the mounting base, the right end of the mounting base is arranged on a limit plate, a pair of No. 2 rolling bearings are arranged at the bottom of the right end of the mounting base, a prism rod joint is arranged at the top of the mounting base, and a universal ball bearing is arranged at the bottom of the mounting base; the measuring device of the above structure is clamped on the rail and walks, and during the walking process, under the action of the spring, the No. 1 rolling bearing always sticks to the inner side of the rail and walks, and when measurement is required, the prism rod bubble is adjusted to be centered and kept motionless; the pressure plate is a Z-shaped structure, and the pressure plate includes a No. 1 vertical plate and a No. 1 horizontal plate and a No. 2 horizontal plate vertically connected at both ends, the No. 1 horizontal plate is connected to the longitudinal beam, and the No. 2 horizontal plate is provided with a The invention discloses a plurality of limiting grooves, which are simple in structure and easy to install, and the plurality of rolling bearings are limited by the limiting grooves, which improves reliability; a mounting groove is provided on the left end face of the mounting base, one end of the spring is installed in the mounting groove, and the other end of the spring is against the plurality of vertical plates, which makes the installation easy and the reliability high; the limiting plate is a U-shaped structure, and the limiting plate includes a plurality of vertical plates and a plurality of horizontal plates, the plurality of horizontal plates are connected to the longitudinal beam, and the plurality of horizontal plates are provided with a plurality of limiting grooves, which are simple in structure and easy to install, and the plurality of rolling bearings are limited by the limiting grooves, which improves reliability; a reinforcing plate is connected between the plurality of horizontal plates, so that the limiting plate has high structural strength; a through hole is provided on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin along its radial direction, so that the installation and disassembly of the rolling bearing pin is simple. Therefore, the invention not only has high measurement accuracy, high work efficiency and low cost, but also has a simple structure, is easy to install and disassemble, has high reliability and high structural strength.

[0026] 5. In a multifunctional track inspection vehicle of the present invention, the No. 3 prism measuring device includes a prism, a prism rod and a joint bearing seat. A joint bearing is arranged in the middle of the joint bearing seat. The joint bearing seat is located just above the right rail, and the joint bearing seat is connected to the frame. One end of the prism rod is connected to the prism, and the center of the prism coincides with the center of the right rail. The other end of the prism rod is threadedly connected to one end of the prism rod joint, and the other end of the prism rod joint is inserted in the joint bearing. A universal bracket is connected between the prism rod and the frame. After the No. 3 prism measuring device of the above structure is installed, it is first quickly leveled and maintained in spatial position by the universal bracket, and then combined with the total station, the spatial position of the center of the rail can be measured, and then the spatial position of the track is adjusted according to the measured value. Therefore, the present invention not only has high measurement accuracy and high work efficiency, but also has low cost.

[0027] 6. In a multifunctional track inspection vehicle of the present invention, when inspecting a curved track section, the trolley is placed on the track, and the track surface elevations of the left and right tracks are detected by an ultra-elevation detection prism. The dial is manually rotated to complete the calibration operation, and then the trolley is pushed to inspect the curved track section. During the movement of the trolley, if the track surface ultra-elevation of the left and right tracks changes, the balance block will always remain horizontal under the action of gravity, and the dial will rotate to the left or right with the vehicle body, thereby driving the first connecting shaft to rotate, the first gear drives the second gear to rotate, the second connecting shaft drives the third gear to rotate, and then the fourth gear meshing with the third gear rotates, and the third connecting shaft drives the pointer to rotate in the dial, and the measured value is read from After completing the measurement operation, the walking trolley can drive the super-elevation detector to move, and can realize continuous detection of the curved track, improve the detection continuity, and can be calibrated during measurement, so that the measurement result is more accurate and the accuracy of the measurement result is improved; when adjustment and calibration are needed, it is only necessary to rotate the dial cover, because the pointer is connected to the connecting rod on the support plate, in the process of rotating the dial cover, the ball positioning screw plays a role of limiting, the pointer is fixed, and the dial on the dial cover is rotated, so that the zero scale of the dial coincides with the direction indicated by the pointer, and then the whole calibration process is completed. The whole calibration process is relatively simple, the time required is short, the labor of calibration adjustment is reduced, and the efficiency of the whole detection process is also improved. Therefore, the present invention has high measurement accuracy, simple operation, and high work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-travel trolley.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake device in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a front view of a brake device in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium gauge measuring ruler.

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of rack No. 1, rack No. 2 and base plate.

[0034] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the midsole plate.

[0035] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle support frame.

[0036] Fig. 9 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the No. 1 prism rod.

[0037] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium pressure block.

[0038] Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the universal ball head.

[0039] Fig.12 yes Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the universal ball bearing.

[0040] Fig.13 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base of the No. 2 prism measuring device.

[0041] Fig.14 yes Fig.13 Side view of.

[0042] Fig.15 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure plate of the No. 2 prism measuring device.

[0043] Fig.16 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the limit plate of the No. 2 prism measuring device.

[0044] Fig.17 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the No. 3 prism rod.

[0045] Fig.18 yes Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the center joint bearing seat.

[0046] Fig.19 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-high detector.

[0047] Fig. 20 yes Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gearbox.

[0048] Fig.21 yes Fig. 20 Side view of.

[0049] Fig. 22 yes Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the gearbox support plate and the dial.

[0050] Fig.23 yes Fig. 22 Top view of the .

[0051] Fig.24 yes Fig. 22 Side view of.

[0052] Fig.25 yes Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle dial cover.

[0053] Fig.26 yes Fig.19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the balancing block.

[0054] In the figure: walking trolley 1, frame 11, crossbeam 111, longitudinal beam 112, hand push rod 12, nylon wheel 13, steel groove wheel 14, brake device 15, brake handle 150, brake lever 151, brake shoe 152, brake pin 153, brake line 154, brake lever base 155, brake wheel cover 156, wheel bracket 157, brake guide pin 158, No. 2 spring 159, track gauge ruler 2, bottom plate 21, No. 1 mounting groove 211, No. 2 mounting groove 212, slide groove 213, No. 1 rack 22, mounting column 221, electrically insulating bearing seat 222, scale 223, No. 2 rack 23, pointer A23 1. Intermediate gear 24, No. 1 spring 25, spring pressure block 26, electrically insulating bearing 27, support frame 28, base 281, rack cover 282, mounting plate 283, lower ball 284, needle 285, ultra-high detector 3, gearbox support plate 31, threaded hole 311, ball positioning screw 312, adjusting bolt 313, gearbox 32, first connecting shaft 321, second connecting shaft 322, third connecting shaft 323, first gear 324, second gear 325, third gear 326, fourth gear 327, balance block 33, left kidney plate 331, right kidney plate 332, connecting plate 333, horizontal bubble 334, Dial 34, dial cover 341, dial 342, transparent protective cover 343, annular groove 344, pointer B35, No. 1 prism measuring device 4, No. 1 prism 41, No. 1 prism rod 42, pressure block 43, tapered hole 431, universal ball head 44, rod body 441, universal ball 442, universal ball support 45, mounting through hole 451, adjusting threaded hole 452, No. 2 prism measuring device 5, No. 2 prism rod 51, mounting base 52, pressure plate 53, No. 1 vertical plate 531, No. 1 horizontal plate 532, No. 2 horizontal plate 533, No. 1 limiting groove 534, limiting plate 54, No. 2 vertical plate 541, No. 3 horizontal plate 542, No. 4 horizontal plate Plate 543, No. 2 limiting groove 544, reinforcing plate 545, No. 3 spring 55, No. 1 rolling bearing 56, No. 2 rolling bearing 57, No. 1 prism rod joint 58, No. 2 prism 59, No. 1 universal bracket 510, No. 2 universal bracket 511, universal ball bearing 512, handle 513, rolling bearing pin 514, through hole 515, No. 3 prism measuring device 6, No. 3 prism 61, No. 3 prism rod 62, joint bearing seat 63, No. 2 mounting hole 631, limiting hole 632, No. 2 joint bearing 64, bolt 65, No. 2 prism rod joint 66, super high prism rod 7, super high prism 8, left rail 9, right rail 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0056] Embodiment 1:

[0057] See also Figures 1 to 26A multifunctional track inspection vehicle comprises a traveling trolley 1, a track gauge measuring ruler 2, a No. 1 prism measuring device 4, a No. 2 prism measuring device 5 and a No. 3 prism measuring device 6; the traveling trolley 1 comprises a frame 11 and a push rod 12, the frame 11 is a T-shaped structure, the frame 11 comprises a crossbeam 111 and a longitudinal beam 112, a nylon wheel 13 is arranged at the bottom of one end of the crossbeam 111, the nylon wheel 13 is arranged on the left rail 9, the other end of the crossbeam 111 is vertically connected to the longitudinal beam 112, the longitudinal beam 112 is located just above the right rail 10, the bottoms of both ends of the longitudinal beam 112 are provided with steel groove wheels 14, the steel groove wheels 14 are stuck on the right rail 10, the push rod 12 and the crossbeam 111 are connected to the crossbeam 111. The track gauge measuring ruler 2 is located between the left rail 9 and the right rail 10, and the track gauge measuring ruler 2 is connected to the crossbeam 111, and is used to measure the distance between the inner side of the left rail 9 and the inner side of the right rail 10; the first prism measuring device 4 is installed at the center of the track gauge measuring ruler 2, and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the center of the line; the second prism measuring device 5 is installed on the longitudinal beam 112, and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the standard track gauge; the third prism measuring device 6 is installed on the longitudinal beam 112, and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the center of the rail; the crossbeam 111 is provided with an ultra-high prism rod 7 at the position directly above the nylon wheel 13, and the ultra-high prism 8 is installed on the ultra-high prism rod 7.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0060] See also Figures 1 to 26 The walking trolley 1 also includes a brake device 15, which includes a brake handle 150, a brake lever 151 and a brake shoe 152. One end of the brake lever 151 is connected to the brake pin 153, and the other end of the brake lever 151 is connected to the brake handle 150 through a brake line 154. The brake handle 150 is connected to the hand push rod 12. The brake lever 151 is hinged to the brake lever base 155, and the brake lever base 155 is connected to the top of the brake wheel cover 156. The bottom of the brake wheel cover 156 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112. The brake wheel cover 1 56 is connected to a wheel bracket 157 at the bottom, the brake pin 153 passes through the brake wheel cover 156 and the wheel bracket 157 in sequence and is connected to the brake shoe 152, the brake shoe 152 is located just above the steel groove wheel 14, and the two ends of the steel groove wheel 14 are respectively connected to the two sides of the wheel bracket 157, and a brake guide pin 158 is provided on the brake shoe 152, the brake guide pin 158 passes through the wheel bracket 157 and the brake wheel cover 156 in sequence and then extends out, and a No. 2 spring 159 is mounted on the brake guide pin 158 between the brake shoe 152 and the wheel bracket 157.

[0061] Embodiment 3:

[0062] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0063] See also Figures 1 to 26 The track gauge ruler 2 includes a base plate 21, a No. 1 rack 22 and a No. 2 rack 23. An intermediate gear 24 is arranged at the center of the base plate 21. The base plate 21 is provided with a No. 1 mounting groove 211 and a No. 2 mounting groove 212 at the two sides of the intermediate gear 24. The No. 1 rack 22 is arranged in the No. 1 mounting groove 211. The No. 1 rack 22 is meshed with the intermediate gear 24. A mounting column 221 is arranged at one end of the No. 1 rack 22. A No. 1 spring 25 is mounted on the mounting column 221. The No. 1 spring 25 is fixed in the No. 1 mounting groove 211 through a spring pressure block 26. The other end of the No. 2 rack 2 is connected to an electrically insulating bearing 27 through an electrically insulating bearing seat 222, a scale 223 is provided on the No. 1 rack 22, the No. 2 rack 23 is arranged in the No. 2 mounting groove 212, the No. 2 rack 23 is meshed with the intermediate gear 24, one end of the No. 2 rack 23 is provided with a mounting column 221, the mounting column 221 is sleeved with a No. 1 spring 25, the No. 1 spring 25 is fixed in the No. 2 mounting groove 212 through a spring pressure block 26, the other end of the No. 2 rack 23 is connected to an electrically insulating bearing 27 through an electrically insulating bearing seat 222, a pointer A231 is provided on the No. 2 rack 23, the No. 1 rack 23 is provided with a pointer A231, the No. 1 rack The electrically insulating bearings 27 of the rack 22 and the second rack 23 are in contact with the inner side surfaces of the left rail 9 and the right rail 10 respectively. The bottom plate 21, the first rack 22 and the second rack 23 are all equipped with a support frame 28, and the support frame 28 is connected to the crossbeam 111; the support frame 28 includes a base 281, a rack cover plate 282 and a mounting plate 283, and the base 281 is a U-shaped structure. The base 281 is mounted on the bottom plate 21, the first rack 22 and the second rack 23, and the inner bottom surface of the base 281 is provided with a lower ball 284, and the lower ball 284 is connected to the bottom plate 21, the first rack 22 and the second rack 23. The rack cover 282 is connected to the top of the base 281, and the bottom surface of the rack cover 282 is provided with an upper ball bearing, which cooperates with the slide groove 213 on the lower end surface of the rack 23. The two inner side surfaces of the base 281 are provided with roller needles 285 that contact the two side surfaces of the bottom plate 21, the rack 22 and the rack 23. The rack cover 282 is connected to the top of the base 281, and the bottom surface of the rack cover 282 is provided with an upper ball bearing, which cooperates with the slide groove 213 on the upper end surface of the bottom plate 21, the rack 22 and the rack 23. The mounting plate 283 is an L-shaped structure, and a fixing hole connected to the crossbeam 111 is opened on the horizontal plate of the mounting plate 283, and the vertical plate of the mounting plate 283 is connected to the base 281.

[0064] Embodiment 4:

[0065] The basic content is the same as that of Example 3, except that:

[0066] See also Figures 1 to 26The first prism measuring device 4 includes a first prism 41, a first prism rod 42, a pressure block 43, a universal ball head 44 and a universal ball support 45. One end of the first prism rod 42 is connected to the first prism 41, and the other end of the first prism rod 42 is connected to the pressure block 43. The pressure block 43 is fixed on the bottom plate 21 at a position directly above the intermediate gear 24. A mounting through hole 451 is opened in the middle of the universal ball support 45. The universal ball support 45 is connected to the top of the pressure block 43. A conical hole 431 coaxial with the mounting through hole 451 is provided on the top, the universal ball head 44 includes a rod body 441 and a universal ball 442, the rod body 441 is connected to the No. 1 prism rod 42, the universal ball 442 is located in the mounting through hole 451, and the bottom of the universal ball 442 is located in the conical hole 431, and an adjustment threaded hole 452 communicating with the mounting through hole 451 is provided on the side of the universal ball support 45, a butterfly bolt is installed in the adjustment threaded hole 452, and the butterfly bolt rests on the universal ball 442.

[0067] Embodiment 5:

[0068] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0069] See also Figures 1 to 26The second prism measuring device 5 includes a second prism rod 51, a mounting base 52, a pressure plate 53 and a limit plate 54. The mounting base 52 is located directly above the right rail 10. The left end of the mounting base 52 is arranged on the pressure plate 53. A third spring 55 is arranged between the left end surface of the mounting base 52 and the pressure plate 53. The pressure plate 53 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112. A first rolling bearing 56 is arranged at the bottom of the left end of the mounting base 52. The first rolling bearing 56 is located on the inner side of the right rail 10, and the first rolling bearing 56 contacts the inner side surface of the right rail 10. The mounting base 52 The right end of the mounting base 52 is arranged on a limit plate 54, and the limit plate 54 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112. A pair of No. 2 rolling bearings 57 are arranged at the bottom of the right end of the mounting base 52, and the No. 2 rolling bearings 57 are located on the outside of the right rail 10. A No. 1 mounting hole is opened at the edge of the No. 1 rolling bearing 56 on the mounting base 52, and a No. 1 joint bearing is arranged in the No. 1 mounting hole. A No. 1 prism rod joint 58 is inserted in the No. 1 joint bearing, and the No. 1 prism rod joint 58 is connected to one end of the No. 2 prism rod 51, and the other end of the No. 2 prism rod 51 is connected to the No. 2 prism 59. A first universal bracket 510 is connected between the mirror rod 51 and the crossbeam 111, a second universal bracket 511 is connected between the second prism rod 51 and the longitudinal beam 112, a universal ball bearing 512 is arranged at the bottom of the mounting base 52, the universal ball bearing 512 is in contact with the top surface of the right rail 10, and a handle 513 is arranged at the top of the mounting base 52; the pressing plate 53 is a Z-shaped structure, the pressing plate 53 includes a first vertical plate 531 and a first horizontal plate 532 and a second horizontal plate 533 vertically connected at both ends, the first horizontal plate 532 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112, and the second horizontal plate 533 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112. The plate 533 is located below the mounting base 52. A No. 1 limiting groove 534 is provided on the No. 2 horizontal plate 533. A rolling bearing pin 514 is provided in the No. 1 limiting groove 534. One end of the rolling bearing pin 514 is connected to the No. 1 rolling bearing 56. The other end of the rolling bearing pin 514 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting base 52. A through hole 515 is provided on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin 514 along its radial direction. A mounting groove is provided on the left end face of the mounting base 52. One end of the No. 3 spring 55 is installed in the mounting groove. The other end of the No. 3 spring 55 is against the No. 1 vertical plate 531.The limiting plate 54 is a U-shaped structure, and includes a second vertical plate 541 and a third horizontal plate 542 and a fourth horizontal plate 543 connected vertically at both ends thereof. The third horizontal plate 542 is located above the mounting base 52, and the third horizontal plate 542 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112. The fourth horizontal plate 543 is located below the mounting base 52. The fourth horizontal plate 543 is provided with a second limiting groove 544, and a rolling bearing pin 514 is provided in the second limiting groove 544. One end of the rolling bearing pin 514 is connected to the second rolling bearing 57, and the other end of the rolling bearing pin 514 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting base 52. A through hole 515 is provided on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin 514 along its radial direction, and a reinforcing plate 545 is connected between the third horizontal plate 542 and the fourth horizontal plate 543. ;

[0070] Embodiment 6:

[0071] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0072] See also Figures 1 to 26 The No. 3 prism measuring device 6 includes a No. 3 prism 61, a No. 3 prism rod 62 and a joint bearing seat 63. A No. 2 mounting hole 631 is opened in the middle of the joint bearing seat 63, and a No. 2 joint bearing 64 is arranged in the No. 2 mounting hole 631. Limit holes 632 are opened on both sides of the joint bearing seat 63. Bolts 65 are arranged in the limit holes 632. The bolts 65 support the No. 2 joint bearing 64. The joint bearing seat 63 is located directly above the right rail 10, and the joint bearing seat 63 is connected to the longitudinal beam 112. One end of the No. 3 prism rod 62 is connected to the No. 3 prism 61, and the center of the No. 3 prism 61 coincides with the center of the right rail 10. The other end of the No. 3 prism rod 62 is threadedly connected to one end of the No. 2 prism rod joint 66, and the other end of the No. 2 prism rod joint 66 is inserted in the No. 2 joint bearing 64. A No. 3 universal bracket is connected between the No. 3 prism rod 62 and the crossbeam 111.

[0073] Embodiment 7:

[0074] The basic content is the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0075] See also Figures 1 to 26The crossbeam 111 is provided with an ultra-high detector 3, and the ultra-high detector 3 includes a gearbox support plate 31, a gearbox 32, a balance block 33, a dial 34 and a pointer B35. The bottom of the gearbox support plate 31 is connected to the crossbeam 111, the gearbox 32 is arranged on the back of the gearbox support plate 31, the balance block 33 is arranged on the back of the gearbox 32, and the dial 34 is arranged on the front of the gearbox support plate 31. The gearbox 32 is provided with a first connecting shaft 321, a second connecting shaft 322 and a third connecting shaft 323 inside. The first connecting shaft 321 One end of the first connecting shaft 32 passes through the gearbox 32 and is connected to the balance block 33. The other end of the first connecting shaft 321 is connected to the gearbox 32. A first gear 324 is mounted on the outer wall of the first connecting shaft 321. Both ends of the second connecting shaft 322 are connected to the gearbox 32. A second gear 325 and a third gear 326 are mounted on the outer wall of the second connecting shaft 322. The second gear 325 is meshed with the first gear 324. One end of the third connecting shaft 323 passes through the gearbox 32 and is connected to the pointer B35. The other end of the third connecting shaft 323 is connected to the gearbox The outer wall of the third connecting shaft 323 is provided with a fourth gear 327 meshing with the third gear 326. The balancing block 33 is in the shape of a double kidney. The balancing block 33 includes a left kidney plate 331, a right kidney plate 332 and a connecting plate 333. The left and right sides of the connecting plate 333 are respectively connected to the left kidney plate 331 and the right kidney plate 332. The connecting plate 333 is connected to the first connecting shaft 321. The left kidney plate 331 and the right kidney plate 332 are both provided with a horizontal bubble 334. The dial 34 includes a dial cover 341 and a dial 342. The dial cover 341 One end of the dial cover 341 is inserted into the gearbox support plate 31, and the other end of the dial cover 341 is provided with a transparent protective cover 343. The dial 342 is connected to the inner wall of the dial cover 341. Threaded holes 311 are provided on the left and right sides of the gearbox support plate 31. Ball-shaped positioning screws 312 and adjusting bolts 313 are provided in sequence in the threaded holes 311. One end of the ball-shaped positioning screw 312 is connected to the adjusting bolt 313. An annular groove 344 is provided on the outer wall of the dial cover 341 along the circumferential direction, and the other end of the ball-shaped positioning screw 312 is located in the annular groove 344.

[0076] The principle of the present invention is described as follows:

[0077] In order to ensure the stability of the vehicle body and the authenticity of the collected data, and to avoid the problem of the wheels being suspended in the air when the vehicle body passes through the triangular pit of the track, thereby affecting the leveling of the prism, the frame structure adopts a T-shaped frame; the nylon wheels can avoid the connection between the left and right rails, and the two steel groove wheel groups on the right side are directly stuck on the rails for running, so as to prevent the inspection vehicle from moving left and right and falling off the track. The steel groove wheel group on the right front is equipped with a brake device, and the brake wheel adopts a normally closed structure, that is, when the trolley is stopped, the brake shoe is pressed against the steel groove wheel under the action of the left and right spring forces, thereby achieving a braking effect; when the observation is completed and it is necessary to move forward, pinch the brake handle and release the brake shoe to push forward. After reaching the observation point, release the brake handle to carry out the measurement operation.

[0078] The grooved steel wheel on the right side of the frame is clamped on the rail, so the reference edge is set on the inside of the right rail. Since the gauge is measured by measuring the distance between the inner sides of the left and right rails, two electrically insulating bearings that always rotate against the inner side of the rails can keep the insulation of the left and right rails while measuring the distance. The electrically insulating bearings are fixed at both ends of the two racks, and the gears are installed in the center of the bottom plate. The two racks are symmetrically distributed in the mounting grooves on both sides of the gears. When the gauge changes during the travel of the trolley, the racks are lengthened or shortened at the same time through the gears under the action of the spring force at the rear end of the racks. Since the reference edge is on the right rail, the bottom plate will move left and right at the same time as the rack length changes. The moving value is the total elongation or total shortening value minus half of the standard gauge. Because the actual gauge change is small, the distance measuring ruler sets the distance measuring telescopic stroke to ±30 mm, that is, the effective measuring range is between 1405 and 1465. In this way, when the inspection vehicle travels at any position on the track, it can read the scale position indicated on the rack instantly. When used on wide or narrow rails, it is only necessary to increase or decrease the rack length accordingly. Among the four aluminum alloy support frames, the two in the middle are used to connect the bottom plate and the frame with bolts, and the two on the sides are used to connect the rack and the frame with bolts. Since the gauge ruler is constantly moving left and right during operation, in order to reduce the power loss of the spring, aluminum alloy materials are used as much as possible and hollowed out for lightweight processing. All sliding surfaces use steel balls or needles to reduce friction resistance and limit, and rolling friction replaces sliding friction.

[0079] Fix the pressing block just above the middle gear of the gauge measuring ruler bottom plate. Since the measuring rack will apply a pair of equal and opposite forces through the middle gear under the action of the spring, it will cause the racks on both sides to expand and contract at the same time, thus ensuring that the prism is always in the center of the left and right tracks while measuring the gauge, thus solving the prism centering problem. Then manually adjust the prism rod to center the bubble, and the prism rod will maintain a vertical position under the friction brake of the universal support ball joint. At this time, the total station can be used to measure the spatial position of the line center, and then adjust the spatial position of the track according to the measured value. Since the measurement position is at the center of the line, the bottom of the prism rod coincides with the track surface in the normal section, so the measured elevation data is directly used. When measuring the track surface height in the superelevation section, the prism height is its own length plus or minus half of the measured superelevation value. For example, if the left side is superelevated, the elevation of the low track surface is half of the measured elevation value minus the superelevation value, and the elevation of the high track surface is half of the measured elevation value plus the superelevation value. Because the rotation center of the universal ball bearing is 20 mm above the rail surface, the centering error is 0 when on a straight section. When on a curved section, the angle corresponding to the superelevation limit value 150 / 1505 is 5.692° according to the cotangent formula. Then, according to the tangent formula, tan5.692°=centering error / 20 is calculated, and the centering error is 1.993 mm under the superelevation limit state. According to the current design speed and curve radius data of most railways, the superelevation calculation formula h=7.6Vmax 2 / R shows that most of the railway superelevation values ​​are within 50 mm, and it can be seen that the centering error caused in the curved section is 0.664 mm.

[0080] The standard gauge detection frame (mounting base, etc.) is mainly used for overhead and centering of prism groups. It can be used in conventional railways, intercity railways, subways, trams, etc. It can also be used for the initial adjustment of high-speed railway ballastless tracks to reduce the cost of fine-tuning trolleys. It can measure the plane position and track surface elevation at the standard gauge of the track. The main observation position is the inner edge of the rail, that is, half of the standard gauge (1435 / 2). The detection frame is used to make the center line of the prism always stick to the inner edge of the rail, and three rolling bearings are arranged on the left and right of the rail, so that the base can be stuck on the rail and move. The rolling bearing on the left side of the rail is defined as the working bearing, and the two rolling bearings on the right side of the rail are defined as guide bearings. When the detection vehicle is moving, the rail cannot be very straight. In order to ensure that the working bearing always sticks to the inner edge of the rail when walking, the base must be able to move left and right during walking. During production, a 5 mm working gap is reserved between the left and right bearings (i.e., the rail width is 70, and the vertical distance between the left and right bearing edges is 75). In this way, under the action of the spring force, the working bearing always presses against the inner edge of the rail and moves with the trolley. Then, the joint bearing is installed with the edge position where the working bearing contacts the rail as the center, and the lower part of the prism rod is inserted into the center of the joint bearing through the stepped shaft. In this way, the center of the prism is guaranteed to coincide with 1435 / 2, half of the theoretical track gauge. When measurement is required, the prism rod bubble is centered and kept stationary by manually adjusting the universal bracket. At this time, the actual spatial position of the line can be obtained through total station measurement, and then the spatial position of the track is adjusted according to the measured value. In order to ensure that the prism can be quickly centered and leveled in any state, a self-lubricating spherical bearing is used for forced centering. At the same time, the prism rod is connected to the spherical bearing, which ensures that the centering error is close to 0. The prism leveling is achieved with the assistance of a universal bracket, which replaces the prism bracket to quickly fix the prism in the plumb bob position. The above method achieves the purpose of eliminating the prism centering error and quickly leveling. The universal ball bearing is installed in the middle of the bottom of the base. Because it can roll horizontally on the rail and can bear 50KG, it can ensure that the bottom of the base is always 2 mm away from the rail surface.

[0081] The center line of the rail (752.5 mm from the center of the line, i.e. 1435 / 2+70 / 2). In order to ensure that the prism can be quickly centered and leveled in any state, this inspection vehicle uses self-lubricating spherical bearings for forced centering. At the same time, a special prism rod is designed and manufactured to connect with the spherical bearing, which ensures that the centering error is close to 0. The prism leveling is achieved with the assistance of a universal bracket, which replaces the prism bracket to quickly fix the prism in the plumb bob position. The above method achieves the purpose of eliminating the prism centering error and quickly leveling. Since the steel groove wheel is directly stuck on the rail and moves, the longitudinal center position of the steel groove wheel is the center position of the rail. This inspection vehicle sets the right front wheel as the working wheel and installs the self-lubricating spherical bearing in the middle front of the working wheel, so that the center of the prism coincides with the center of the rail. The cone head at the bottom of the prism rod needs to be replaced with a threaded stepped shaft connector. The spherical bearing uses the connector to connect the small prism group or the large prism group. The prism group is quickly leveled and maintained in space through the universal bracket. At this time, the total station can be combined to measure the spatial position of the center of the rail, and then the spatial position of the track is adjusted according to the measured value. Since the measurement position is at the center of the rail, the prism rod is afraid that sliding directly on the rail will hinder the normal measurement operation. In order to ensure the accuracy of the collected elevation data, the prism rod is suspended at the bottom, that is, the cone head at the bottom of the prism rod is shortened by 10 mm without changing the position of the top of the prism, and then the threaded stepped shaft connector is used to achieve the overhead. Since the rotation center of the self-lubricating spherical bearing is 10 mm above the rail surface, its centering error is 0 when on a straight section. When on a curved section, the angle value corresponding to the superelevation limit value 150 / 1505 calculated according to the cotangent formula is 5.692°, and the angle value corresponding to the superelevation limit value 150 / 1505 calculated according to the tangent formula is 5.692°. tan 5.692° = centering error / 10, the centering error under the superelevation limit state is calculated to be 0.997 mm. According to the current design speed and curve radius data of most railways, the superelevation calculation formula h = 7.6Vmax 2 / R shows that most railway superelevation values ​​are within 50 mm. It can be seen that the centering error caused in most curved sections is 0.332 mm.

[0082] The dial in the ultra-high detector is an aluminum plate with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. For easy reading, a full-circle digital mark is used for forward and reverse rotation (i.e. 360 degrees for forward rotation and 360 degrees for reverse rotation). The dial cover is fixed to the support plate by two transverse bolts clamping the annular groove. The dial is bonded to the dial cover by super glue, so that the dial can rotate 360 ​​degrees with the dial cover. The balance block is cut into a double kidney shape with a 10 mm thick hot-rolled steel plate by laser wire, and the surface of the steel plate is blackened. In order to make the balance block accurately level when reading, a level bubble is installed on the balance block. In order to reduce weight while ensuring strength, the support plate is cut with a 16 mm thick 6061 aluminum plate and connected by M6 bolts. The gearbox adopts two-stage reduction, and the gear modulus is 0.5. In order to reduce working resistance and ensure good working condition, 606ZZ high-speed rolling bearings are installed at both ends of each connecting shaft of the gearbox, with a total of 6. The high-speed rolling bearings are installed on the gearbox support plate through interference fit, and all aluminum plates are connected by M6 bolts.

[0083] The working principle of the superelevation detector is: the superelevation value of the railway track is generally between 0 and 150 mm, corresponding to a horizontal distance of 1505 mm (standard track gauge 1435 + rail width 70). When the detection vehicle passes through a curved section, the lifting of the outer rail will cause the vehicle body to rotate laterally by an angle. From the tangent formula tana = superelevation value / rail center distance 1505, it can be seen that the calculated angle value is very small, so the reaction is not sensitive; if the rotation angle is directly indicated by the deadweight of the hanging hammer, if you want to know the actual superelevation value, you need to calculate it according to the formula based on the rotation angle value, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and very troublesome. In order to directly use the standard 360-degree dial to display the superelevation value at 1:1 (each degree of rotation of the pointer is equal to one millimeter in the distance direction, that is, 1 mm of superelevation), then the left and right balance blocks and gearboxes must be used to amplify the value. First, a simulation calculation is performed. A straight line of 1505 mm in length is drawn. Then, a straight line of 1 degree in length is drawn along one end of the straight line. Then, the width of the opening is marked as 26.27 mm. Finally, the calculator is used to verify that tan1° = superelevation value / 1505. The superelevation value is also 26.27 mm. It can be seen that when the vehicle body rotates 1 degree, the corresponding superelevation value is 26.27 mm. Based on this, a two-stage gearbox is designed, and the gear ratios of the two stages are 20. :100 and 20:105.08. Considering the power loss and the convenience of gear processing, the final acceleration ratio is 1:26.5, corresponding to the number of teeth of 20:100 and 20:106; when the car passes through the curved section, the car body rotates left and right while the balance block always remains horizontal, so that the dial is driven by the rotation of the car body to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise with the car body, and the pointer will also rotate with the acceleration through the gearbox, so that the gearbox converts the angle value into a millimeter value to achieve the purpose of displaying the actual superelevation value. Since this superelevation detector is designed according to the standard track gauge of 1435 mm, when using wide or narrow tracks, the acceleration ratio needs to be recalculated and re-matched, and the calculation principle is the same. Because the superelevation detector can be disassembled, it should be calibrated before each use. The calibration method is to use the prism group on the nylon wheel to first measure the elevation of the left track surface of the same mileage, and then rotate the car body 180° to measure the elevation of the right track surface. The elevation difference between the two track surfaces is the superelevation value. The detector dial can be rotated 360 degrees at will, so you only need to keep the balance block horizontal and rotate the dial to the superelevation value indicated by the pointer. In order to adapt to the convention and facilitate reading, try to make the 0 scale of the pointer point directly downward or upward during adjustment. If the difference is too large, just turn the balance block first to make the pointer point directly upward or downward, then loosen the bolts on the adjustment balance block, rotate the balance block to make it horizontal, and then tighten the bolts.Because the superelevation detector is too sensitive, a slight movement will be amplified 26.27 times through the gearbox. Considering the friction resistance inside the gearbox, the large windward surface of the balance block, and the vibration during walking, it may cause the balance block to self-balance reset error and cause inaccurate display values. Therefore, pay special attention to whether the horizontal bubble on the balance block is centered every time you read. If it is not centered, turn the balance block manually, and you can read accurately when the bubble is centered. Because the dial is a two-way 360-degree display, the reading should be read in the direction of the pointer rotation (generally the left superelevation pointer rotates counterclockwise, and the right superelevation pointer rotates clockwise). Because the ballasted track has more tamping times, the superelevation detector can be used to verify the superelevation in the first few times, and the prism is used to measure in the fine adjustment stage. The superelevation of the ballastless track is always measured with a prism in the rough adjustment stage. The superelevation measurement prism socket is directly above the middle of the nylon wheel.

[0084] In the initial adjustment of the track, in order to directly display the superelevation value for comparison with the theoretical value, this inspection vehicle adopts a gravity-balanced mechanical pointer display. When the track inspection vehicle passes through the outer track of the curved section, the track will be raised, causing the car body to rotate an angle. Because the superelevation value is small relative to the track gauge direction, the car body rotation angle is not large. In order to display the superelevation value 1:1 through the balance block and the gearbox, the gearbox is finally used to amplify the angle value to achieve that each rotation of the pointer is equal to one millimeter in the height direction, so that the angle value caused by the superelevation is converted into the millimeter value in the length direction. Because the circumference is 360 degrees, the theoretical measurement range of this trolley is -360 to 360 mm, and the superelevation value of the railway design is generally within 150 mm, so it can fully meet the actual requirements. When the trolley passes through the curved section, the car body rotates left and right while the balance block is always horizontal, thereby driving the pointer on the car body to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise to achieve the purpose of displaying the actual superelevation value; when the track enters the fine adjustment stage, it is only necessary to insert a prism group above the left nylon wheel for absolute elevation measurement to measure the superelevation rail elevation.

Claims

1. A multifunctional track inspection vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a traveling trolley (1), a track gauge measuring ruler (2), a first prism measuring device (4), a second prism measuring device (5) and a third prism measuring device (6); The walking trolley (1) comprises a frame (11) and a push rod (12); the frame (11) is a T-shaped structure; the frame (11) comprises a crossbeam (111) and a longitudinal beam (112); a nylon wheel (13) is arranged at the bottom of one end of the crossbeam (111); the nylon wheel (13) is arranged on the left steel rail (9); the other end of the crossbeam (111) is vertically connected to the longitudinal beam (112); the longitudinal beam (112) is located directly above the right steel rail (10); steel groove wheels (14) are arranged at the bottom of both ends of the longitudinal beam (112); the steel groove wheels (14) are clamped on the right steel rail (10); the push rod (12) is connected to the crossbeam (111); The track gauge measuring ruler (2) is located between the left steel rail (9) and the right steel rail (10), and the track gauge measuring ruler (2) is connected to the crossbeam (111) and is used to measure the distance between the inner side surface of the left steel rail (9) and the inner side surface of the right steel rail (10); The first prism measuring device (4) is installed at the exact center of the track gauge measuring ruler (2) and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the center of the line; The second prism measuring device (5) is installed on the longitudinal beam (112) and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the standard track gauge; The third prism measuring device (6) is installed on the longitudinal beam (112) and is used to measure the coordinates and elevation of the center of the rail; A super-high prism rod (7) is provided on the crossbeam (111) at a position directly above the nylon wheel (13), and a super-high prism (8) is mounted on the super-high prism rod (7); The walking trolley (1) also includes a brake device (15), which includes a brake handle (150), a brake lever (151) and a brake shoe (152). One end of the brake lever (151) is connected to a brake pin (153), and the other end of the brake lever (151) is connected to the brake handle (150) through a brake line (154). The brake handle (150) is connected to a hand push rod (12). The brake lever (151) is hinged to a brake lever base (155). The brake lever base (155) is connected to the top of a brake wheel cover plate (156). The bottom of the brake wheel cover plate (156) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112). The brake wheel cover plate (156) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112). 56) is connected to a wheel bracket (157) at the bottom, the brake pin (153) passes through the brake wheel cover plate (156) and the wheel bracket (157) in sequence and is connected to the brake shoe (152), the brake shoe (152) is located directly above the steel groove wheel (14), and the two ends of the steel groove wheel (14) are respectively connected to the two sides of the wheel bracket (157), and the brake guide pin (158) is provided on the brake shoe (152), and the brake guide pin (158) passes through the wheel bracket (157) and the brake wheel cover plate (156) in sequence and then extends out, and the brake guide pin (158) is sleeved with a second spring (159) at a position between the brake shoe (152) and the wheel bracket (157); The track gauge measuring ruler (2) comprises a base plate (21), a first rack (22) and a second rack (23). An intermediate gear (24) is arranged at the center of the base plate (21). A first mounting groove (211) and a second mounting groove (212) are respectively provided at the positions on both sides of the intermediate gear (24) on the base plate (21). The first rack (22) is arranged in the first mounting groove (211). The first rack (22) is meshed with the intermediate gear (24). A mounting column (221) is arranged at one end of the first rack (22). A first spring (25) is sleeved on the mounting column (221). The first spring (25) is fixed in the first mounting groove (211) through a spring pressure block (26). The other end of the first rack (22) is connected to an electrically insulating bearing (27) through an electrically insulating bearing seat (222). A scale (223) is arranged on the first rack (22). The second rack (23) is arranged in the second installation groove (212), the second rack (23) is meshed with the intermediate gear (24), one end of the second rack (23) is provided with a mounting column (221), the mounting column (221) is sleeved with a first spring (25), the first spring (25) is fixed in the second installation groove (212) through a spring pressure block (26), and the other end of the second rack (23) is connected to the intermediate gear (24) through an electrically insulating bearing seat (222). An electric insulating bearing (27) is connected, a pointer A (231) is arranged on the second rack (23), the electric insulating bearings (27) of the first rack (22) and the second rack (23) are in contact with the inner side surfaces of the left rail (9) and the right rail (10) respectively, and a support frame (28) is mounted on the bottom plate (21), the first rack (22) and the second rack (23), and the support frame (28) is connected to the crossbeam (111); The second prism measuring device (5) comprises a second prism rod (51), a mounting base (52), a pressure plate (53) and a limit plate (54); the mounting base (52) is located directly above the right rail (10); the left end of the mounting base (52) is arranged on the pressure plate (53); a third spring (55) is arranged between the left end surface of the mounting base (52) and the pressure plate (53); the pressure plate (53) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112); the mounting base (52) is located directly above the right rail (10); the left end of the mounting base (52) is arranged on the pressure plate (53); a third spring (55) is arranged between the left end surface of the mounting base (52) and the pressure plate (53); the pressure plate (53) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112); A No. 1 rolling bearing (56) is arranged at the bottom of the left end of the base (52), the No. 1 rolling bearing (56) is located on the inner side of the right steel rail (10), and the No. 1 rolling bearing (56) contacts the inner side surface of the right steel rail (10). The right end of the mounting base (52) is arranged on a limit plate (54), the limit plate (54) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112), a pair of No. 2 rolling bearings (57) are arranged at the bottom of the right end of the mounting base (52), the No. 2 rolling bearings (57) are located on the outer side of the right steel rail (10), a No. 1 mounting hole is provided at the edge of the No. 1 rolling bearing (56) on the mounting base (52), a No. 1 joint bearing is arranged in the No. 1 mounting hole, a No. 1 prism rod joint (58) is inserted in the No. 1 joint bearing, the No. 1 prism rod joint (58) is connected to one end of the No. 2 prism rod (51), and the other end of the No. 2 prism rod (51) is connected to the No. 2 prism (59). A first universal bracket (510) is connected between the second prism rod (51) and the crossbeam (111), a second universal bracket (511) is connected between the second prism rod (51) and the longitudinal beam (112), a universal ball bearing (512) is arranged at the bottom of the mounting base (52), the universal ball bearing (512) is in contact with the top surface of the right steel rail (10), and a handle (513) is arranged at the top of the mounting base (52).

2. A multifunctional track inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (28) comprises a base (281), a rack cover plate (282) and a mounting plate (283). The base (281) is a U-shaped structure. The base (281) is mounted on the bottom plate (21), the first rack (22) and the second rack (23). The inner bottom surface of the base (281) is provided with a lower ball (284). The lower ball (284) cooperates with the slide groove (213) on the lower end surface of the bottom plate (21), the first rack (22) and the second rack (23). Both inner side surfaces of the base (281) are provided with a groove (213) which is in contact with the bottom plate (21) and the first rack (22). The rack cover plate (282) is connected to the top of the base (281); the bottom surface of the rack cover plate (282) is provided with an upper ball bearing, and the upper ball bearing cooperates with the slide groove (213) on the upper end surface of the bottom plate (21), the first rack (22) and the second rack (23); the mounting plate (283) is an L-shaped structure; a fixing hole connected to the crossbeam (111) is provided on the horizontal plate of the mounting plate (283); and the vertical plate of the mounting plate (283) is connected to the base (281).

3. A multifunctional track inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The No. 1 prism measuring device (4) comprises a No. 1 prism (41), a No. 1 prism rod (42), a pressure block (43), a universal ball head (44) and a universal ball support (45); one end of the No. 1 prism rod (42) is connected to the No. 1 prism (41); the other end of the No. 1 prism rod (42) is connected to the pressure block (43); the pressure block (43) is fixed to a portion of the bottom plate (21) directly above the intermediate gear (24); a mounting through hole (451) is provided in the middle of the universal ball support (45); the universal ball support (45) is connected to the top of the pressure block (43); the pressure block (43) is fixed to the bottom plate (21) and the intermediate gear (24) is directly connected to ...); the pressure block (43) is fixed to the bottom plate (21) and the intermediate gear (24) is directly connected to the intermediate gear (24); the pressure block ) is provided with a conical hole (431) coaxial with the mounting through hole (451) at the top, the universal ball head (44) comprises a rod body (441) and a universal ball (442), the rod body (441) is connected to the first prism rod (42), the universal ball (442) is located in the mounting through hole (451), and the bottom of the universal ball (442) is located in the conical hole (431), and the side of the universal ball support (45) is provided with an adjustment threaded hole (452) communicating with the mounting through hole (451), a butterfly bolt is installed in the adjustment threaded hole (452), and the butterfly bolt is against the universal ball (442).

4. The multifunctional track inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (53) is a Z-shaped structure. The pressing plate (53) comprises a first vertical plate (531) and a first horizontal plate (532) and a second horizontal plate (533) vertically connected at both ends thereof. The first horizontal plate (532) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112). The second horizontal plate (533) is located below the mounting base (52). A first limiting groove (534) is provided on the second horizontal plate (533). A rolling bearing pin (514) is provided in the first limiting groove (534). One end of the rolling bearing pin (514) is connected to the first rolling bearing (56), and the other end of the rolling bearing pin (514) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting base (52). A through hole (515) is provided on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin (514) along its radial direction. A mounting groove is provided on the left end surface of the mounting base (52), and one end of the third spring (55) is installed in the mounting groove, and the other end of the third spring (55) is against the first vertical plate (531); The limiting plate (54) is a U-shaped structure. The limiting plate (54) comprises a second vertical plate (541) and a third horizontal plate (542) and a fourth horizontal plate (543) vertically connected at both ends thereof. The third horizontal plate (542) is located above the mounting base (52). The third horizontal plate (542) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112). The fourth horizontal plate (543) is located below the mounting base (52). The fourth horizontal plate (543) is provided with a second limiting groove (541). 4), a rolling bearing pin (514) is arranged in the second limiting groove (544), one end of the rolling bearing pin (514) is connected to the second rolling bearing (57), the other end of the rolling bearing pin (514) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the mounting base (52), a through hole (515) is opened on the outer wall of the rolling bearing pin (514) along its radial direction, and a reinforcing plate (545) is connected between the third horizontal plate (542) and the fourth horizontal plate (543).

5. The multifunctional track inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The No. 3 prism measuring device (6) comprises a No. 3 prism (61), a No. 3 prism rod (62) and a joint bearing seat (63). A No. 2 mounting hole (631) is provided in the middle of the joint bearing seat (63). A No. 2 joint bearing (64) is arranged in the No. 2 mounting hole (631). Limiting holes (632) are provided on both sides of the joint bearing seat (63). Bolts (65) are arranged in the limiting holes (632). The bolts (65) support the No. 2 joint bearing (64). The joint bearing seat (63) is located on the right rail. (10), and the joint bearing seat (63) is connected to the longitudinal beam (112), one end of the No. 3 prism rod (62) is connected to the No. 3 prism (61), the center of the No. 3 prism (61) coincides with the center of the right rail (10), the other end of the No. 3 prism rod (62) is threadedly connected to one end of the No. 2 prism rod joint (66), the other end of the No. 2 prism rod joint (66) is inserted into the No. 2 joint bearing (64), and a No. 3 universal bracket is connected between the No. 3 prism rod (62) and the cross beam (111).

6. The multifunctional track inspection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultra-elevation detector (3) is arranged on the crossbeam (111), and the ultra-elevation detector (3) comprises a gearbox support plate (31), a gearbox (32), a balance block (33), a dial (34) and a pointer B (35). The bottom of the gearbox support plate (31) is connected to the crossbeam (111), the gearbox (32) is arranged on the back of the gearbox support plate (31), the balance block (33) is arranged on the back of the gearbox (32), and the dial (34) is arranged on the front of the gearbox support plate (31). A first connecting shaft (321), a second connecting shaft (322) and a third connecting shaft (323) are arranged inside the gearbox (32), one end of the first connecting shaft (321) passes through the gearbox (32) and is connected to the balance block (33), and the other end of the first connecting shaft (321) is connected to the gearbox (32). A first gear (324) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first connecting shaft (321), and both ends of the second connecting shaft (322) are provided with a first gear. The second connecting shaft (322) is connected to the gearbox (32), the outer wall of the second connecting shaft (322) is provided with a second gear (325) and a third gear (326), the second gear (325) is meshed with the first gear (324), one end of the third connecting shaft (323) passes through the gearbox (32) and is connected to the pointer B (35), the other end of the third connecting shaft (323) is connected to the gearbox (32), the outer wall of the third connecting shaft (323) is provided with a gearbox (32) and a gearbox (32) connected to the third gear (326) (326) is meshed with a fourth gear (327), the balancing block (33) is in the shape of a double kidney, and the balancing block (33) includes a left kidney plate (331), a right kidney plate (332) and a connecting plate (333), the left and right sides of the connecting plate (333) are respectively connected to the left kidney plate (331) and the right kidney plate (332), the connecting plate (333) is connected to the first connecting shaft (321), and the left kidney plate (331) and the right kidney plate (332) are both provided with horizontal bubbles (334).

7. A multifunctional track inspection vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dial (34) comprises a dial cover (341) and a dial (342); one end of the dial cover (341) is inserted into the gearbox support plate (31); the other end of the dial cover (341) is provided with a transparent protective cover (343); the dial (342) is connected to the inner wall of the dial cover (341); threaded holes (311) are provided on both the left and right sides of the gearbox support plate (31); a ball-shaped positioning screw (312) and an adjusting bolt (313) are provided in the threaded holes (311) in sequence; one end of the ball-shaped positioning screw (312) is connected to the adjusting bolt (313); an annular groove (344) is provided on the outer wall of the dial cover (341) along the circumferential direction; the other end of the ball-shaped positioning screw (312) is located in the annular groove (344).

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