Anchor support structure

Abstract

The present invention provides an anchor support structure, characterized in that it comprises an anchor rod, a nut, an anchor pad, a sleeve, two rectangular pressure plates, a plurality of first springs and a plurality of second springs; wherein the anchor rod, the nut, the anchor pad, the two rectangular pressure plates and the plurality of second springs form a longitudinal pressure-relieving mechanism to adapt to the longitudinal deformation of the rock mass; and the anchor pad, the sleeve and the plurality of first springs form a transverse pressure-relieving mechanism to adapt to the transverse deformation of the rock mass. The anchor support structure of the present invention can simultaneously adapt to the longitudinal and transverse deformation of the rock mass, has good recovery, and can also be used for slope support in earthquake zones.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of slope support, in particular to an anchor support structure. Background Art

[0002] Anchor support refers to a reinforcement support method used in surface engineering such as slopes, deep rock foundation pits, and underground chambers such as tunnels and mining sites. It plays an extremely important role in the field of slope support and is widely promoted and applied. For some high-stress soft rocks or slope support projects that may produce large deformations, the support structure is required to have a certain deformation capacity to adapt to the deformation of the rock mass, absorb deformation energy, and reduce geological damage such as landslides. The anchor support structure in the prior art has a certain deformation capacity, but its deformation is unidirectional. When the rock deformation force is reduced or eliminated, the support structure cannot restore the initial tightening force, causing the anchor support structure to loosen and lose its support capacity. At the same time, due to the above reasons, the anchor support structure in the prior art cannot adapt to rock vibration and is not suitable for slope support near seismic zones. On the other hand, the anchor support structure in the prior art can usually only adapt to rock deformation along the longitudinal direction of the anchor, and cannot adapt to lateral deformation. Its adaptability is limited and the support effect is not ideal. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems of the background technology, the present invention provides an anchor support structure to solve the problems in the prior art that the anchor support cannot adapt to lateral deformation, has poor recovery and is not earthquake-resistant.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides an anchor support structure, the innovation of which is that it includes an anchor, a nut, an anchor pad, a sleeve, two rectangular pressure plates and a plurality of first springs; a rectangular groove is arranged on the top surface of the middle part of the anchor pad, a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the middle part of the anchor pad, the axial direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anchor pad, a plurality of blind holes are arranged on the side wall of the through hole, the axial direction of the blind hole is arranged along the radial direction of the through hole, the plurality of blind holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and the diameter of the blind hole matches the outer diameter of the first spring; the inner diameter of the sleeve matches the outer diameter of the anchor, and the outer diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the through hole;

[0005] The plurality of first springs are respectively sleeved in the plurality of blind holes, the sleeve is sleeved in the through hole, the outer end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the sleeve, and the first spring is kept in a compressed state;

[0006] The two rectangular pressure plates are both arranged in the rectangular groove, and in their initial state, the rectangular pressure plates are arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the anchoring pad, and the two rectangular pressure plates are arranged in the left-right direction of the rectangular groove, and arc grooves are arranged on the sides of the rectangular pressure plates, and the arc groove openings of the two rectangular pressure plates are opposite to each other, and the two arc grooves are opposite to the positions of the through holes, and the diameter of the arc grooves is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod; a hinge shaft is arranged in the middle of a single rectangular pressure plate, and the two ends of the hinge shaft are respectively hingedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the rectangular groove, and the rectangular pressure plate can rotate around the hinge shaft, and a plurality of second springs are arranged between the rectangular pressure plate and the bottom surface of the rectangular groove, and the plurality of second springs are evenly distributed on both sides of the hinge shaft, and the second springs are in a compressed state in the initial state;

[0007] The anchor rod is sleeved in the sleeve, and the anchor rod is sleeved in the two arc grooves. A threaded section is provided on the upper part of the anchor rod, and the nut is sleeved on the threaded section. The lower side of the nut is in contact with the upper side surfaces of the two rectangular pressure plates. The deformation range adapted by the first spring and the second spring is determined according to the rock material and structural parameters, so that the anchor support structure always maintains a tensioned state.

[0008] As an optimization, there are four first springs and four blind holes.

[0009] The principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] In the prior art, anchor support is usually composed of anchor rods, anchor pads and nuts. In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present application has innovated and improved the anchor pads: in fact, the anchor pad, sleeve, rectangular pressure plate, first spring and second spring described in the present application together constitute a new anchor pad, wherein the anchor rod, nut, anchor pad, rectangular pressure plate and second spring constitute a longitudinal pressure relief mechanism, while the sleeve, first spring and anchor pad constitute a transverse pressure relief mechanism.

[0011] When the rock mass deforms along the longitudinal direction of the anchor rod to squeeze the anchor pad, the longitudinal pressure mechanism plays a major role, and the rock mass pushes the anchor pad to squeeze in the direction of the nut. At this time, the two rectangular pressure plates rotate around their own hinge axes, the rectangular pressure plate on the left side of the anchor rod rotates clockwise, and the rectangular pressure plate on the right side of the anchor rod rotates counterclockwise, and the second spring between the hinge axes of the two rectangular pressure plates is further compressed, so that the compression elastic force of this part of the second spring increases, and the second spring outside the hinge axes of the two rectangular pressure plates is extended, so that the compression elastic force of this part of the second spring is reduced or even tensile elastic force is generated, and the deformation energy applied by the rock mass to the anchor support structure is absorbed through the deformation of the above-mentioned second spring; when the rock mass deforms in the opposite direction, the distance between the anchor pad and the nut gradually increases, and at this time, the second spring between the hinge axes of the two rectangular pressure plates gradually extends under the action of the restoring elastic force, and the second spring outside the hinge axes of the two rectangular pressure plates gradually shortens, the rectangular pressure plate on the left side of the anchor rod rotates counterclockwise, and the rectangular pressure plate on the right side of the anchor rod rotates clockwise until it returns to the initial state, and the deformation energy on the anchor support structure is released. The deformation range that the above structure can adapt to can be calculated according to the existing technology based on the rock material, structure and other parameters to ensure that the deformation range of the anchor support structure can meet the needs and keep the anchor support structure in a tensioned state at all times.

[0012] When the rock mass deforms laterally along the anchor rod, the lateral pressure mechanism plays a major role, the distance between the sleeve and the through hole of the anchor pad changes, part of the first spring is compressed, and part of the first spring is extended, thereby absorbing the lateral deformation energy; when the deformation is reversed, the compressed first spring is extended, and the tensile first spring is retracted, thereby releasing the deformation energy.

[0013] When the rock mass undergoes compound deformation (longitudinal and transverse deformations occur simultaneously), the longitudinal yielding mechanism and the transverse yielding mechanism function simultaneously to absorb and release deformation energy.

[0014] When the rock mass vibrates, the longitudinal pressure-yielding mechanism and the transverse pressure-yielding mechanism repeatedly perform the above-mentioned actions to absorb the vibration deformation energy.

[0015] Taking into account the economy and ensuring the lateral pressure relief effect, there are four first springs, four blind holes, and the four lateral pressure relief components are evenly arranged in four directions of front, back, left, and right in the circumferential direction.

[0016] It can be seen that the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the anchor support structure described in the present application can adapt to the longitudinal and lateral deformation of the rock mass at the same time, has good recovery, is not easy to loosen and fail, and can adapt to earthquake environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows.

[0018] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Attached Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0020] Attached Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the lateral pressure relief mechanism.

[0021] In the figure: 1. anchor rod; 2. nut; 3. anchor pad; 4. sleeve; 5. rectangular pressure plate; 6. first spring; 7. second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0023] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The anchor support structure shown comprises an anchor 1, a nut 2, an anchoring pad 3, a sleeve 4, two rectangular pressure plates 5 and four first springs 6; a rectangular groove is arranged on the top surface of the middle part of the anchoring pad 3, a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the middle part of the anchoring pad 3, the axial direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anchoring pad 3, four blind holes are arranged on the side wall of the through hole, the axial direction of the blind hole is arranged along the radial direction of the through hole, the four blind holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole, and the diameter of the blind hole matches the outer diameter of the first spring 6; the inner diameter of the sleeve 4 matches the outer diameter of the anchor 1, and the outer diameter of the sleeve 4 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole;

[0024] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the four first springs 6 are respectively sleeved in the four blind holes, the sleeve 4 is sleeved in the through hole, the outer end of the first spring 6 is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the sleeve 4, and the first spring 6 remains in a compressed state;

[0025] The two rectangular pressure plates 5 are both arranged in the rectangular groove. In their initial state, the rectangular pressure plates 5 are arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the anchor pad 3. The two rectangular pressure plates 5 are arranged along the left and right directions of the rectangular groove. Arc grooves are arranged on the sides of the rectangular pressure plates 5. The openings of the arc grooves of the two rectangular pressure plates 5 are opposite to each other. The two arc grooves are opposite to the positions of the through holes, and the diameter of the arc grooves is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod 1. A hinge shaft is arranged in the middle of a single rectangular pressure plate 5. The two ends of the hinge shaft are respectively hingedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the rectangular groove, and the rectangular pressure plate 5 can rotate around the hinge shaft. In this embodiment, for the convenience of structure and installation, a through hole is opened in the middle of the rectangular pressing plate 5, and through holes of the same size are also opened on the front and rear side walls corresponding to the groove. A hinge shaft matching the above through holes is used to pass through the through hole of the front side wall of the groove, the through hole of the rectangular pressing plate 5 and the through hole of the rear side wall of the groove in sequence to realize the hinge connection between the rectangular pressing plate 5 and the front and rear side walls of the groove. In fact, other hinge structures of the prior art can also be used. A plurality of second springs 7 are arranged between the rectangular pressing plate 5 and the bottom surface of the rectangular groove, and the plurality of second springs 7 are evenly distributed on both sides of the hinge shaft. In the initial state, the second springs 7 are in a compressed state;

[0026] The anchor rod 1 is sleeved in the sleeve 4, and the anchor rod 4 is sleeved in the two arc grooves. A threaded section is provided on the upper part of the anchor rod 1, and the nut 2 is sleeved on the threaded section. The lower side surface of the nut 2 is in contact with the upper side surfaces of the two rectangular pressure plates 5. The deformation range adapted by the first spring and the second spring is determined according to the rock material and structural parameters, so that the anchor support structure always maintains a tensioned state.

Claims

1. An anchor support structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises an anchor rod (1), a nut (2), an anchoring pad (3), a sleeve (4), two rectangular pressure plates (5) and a plurality of first springs (6); a rectangular groove is arranged on the top surface of the middle part of the anchoring pad (3); a through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the middle part of the anchoring pad (3); the axial direction of the through hole is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the anchoring pad (3); a plurality of blind holes are arranged on the side wall of the through hole; the axial direction of the blind holes is arranged along the radial direction of the through hole; the plurality of blind holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the through hole; the diameter of the blind holes matches the outer diameter of the first spring (6); the inner diameter of the sleeve (4) matches the outer diameter of the anchor rod (1); the outer diameter of the sleeve (4) is smaller than the diameter of the through hole; The plurality of first springs (6) are respectively sleeved in the plurality of blind holes, the sleeve (4) is sleeved in the through hole, the outer end of the first spring (6) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve (4), and the first spring (6) is kept in a compressed state; The two rectangular pressure plates (5) are both arranged in the rectangular groove. In the initial state, the rectangular pressure plates (5) are arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the anchor pad (3). The two rectangular pressure plates (5) are arranged in the left-right direction of the rectangular groove. The sides of the rectangular pressure plates (5) are provided with arc grooves. The openings of the arc grooves of the two rectangular pressure plates (5) are opposite to each other. The two arc grooves are opposite to the positions of the through holes. The diameter of the arc grooves is greater than the diameter of the anchor rod (1). A hinge shaft is provided in the middle of a single rectangular pressure plate (5). The two ends of the hinge shaft are respectively hingedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the rectangular groove. The rectangular pressure plate (5) can rotate around the hinge shaft. A plurality of second springs (7) are provided between the rectangular pressure plate (5) and the bottom surface of the rectangular groove. The plurality of second springs (7) are evenly distributed on both sides of the hinge shaft. In the initial state, the second springs (7) are in a compressed state. The anchor rod (1) is sleeved in the sleeve (4), and the anchor rod (1) is sleeved in the two arc grooves. A threaded section is provided on the upper part of the anchor rod (1), and the nut (2) is sleeved on the threaded section. The lower side surface of the nut (2) is in contact with the upper side surfaces of the two rectangular pressure plates (5). The deformation range of the first spring and the second spring is determined according to the rock material and structural parameters, so that the anchor support structure always maintains a tensioned state.

2. The anchor support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four first springs (6) and four blind holes.

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